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Liu YJ, Wang XQ, Zhang G, Zhao Q, Cheng YX, Liu S, Yang BX, Luo D, Liu Q, Zou H. The association between food environments and cardiovascular disease outcomes: A systematic review. Heart Lung 2024; 68:359-366. [PMID: 39260267 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2024.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, particularly affecting low- and middle-income countries. Food environments may be linked with the risk of CVD; however, current study findings regarding their relationship are inconsistent. A systematic review of their associations is needed to guide interventions to improve cardiovascular health. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to comprehensively assess the relationship between food environments and CVD outcomes, including incidence, hospitalization, mortality, and recurrence rates. METHOD According to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted until 28th March 2024, using eight databases, including PubMed, Embase, Ovid, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Data. The review quality was assessed according to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The included studies were categorized based on their exposure factors into unhealthy, healthy, and comprehensive food environments, encompassing facilities that offer healthy and unhealthy foods. The findings were narratively synthesized according to this classification. RESULT A total of 23 studies, encompassing 13 cross-sectional studies and 10 cohort-longitudinal studies, were included in this review. Among the 20 studies on unhealthy food environments, 13 found a positive association with CVD outcomes. Of the seven studies on healthy food environments, 3 found a negative association with CVD outcomes. Additionally, 4 out of 8 studies on comprehensive food environments found a significant but inconsistent association with CVD outcomes. CONCLUSION This study suggested that unhealthy food environments are probably associated with CVD outcomes. At the same time, there is currently no conclusive evidence to indicate a relationship between healthy food environments or comprehensive food environments and CVD outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jia Liu
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xiao Qin Wang
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Guiqin Zhang
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Qiansheng Zhao
- School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yu Xin Cheng
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Shuo Liu
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Bing Xiang Yang
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China; Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Dan Luo
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Huijing Zou
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.
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Gilcharan Singh HK, Sinnasamy P, Wan Yi T, Chiao Wei C, Chee Siew Swee W, Shyam S. Understanding the Food Environment and Its Impact on Diet and Health in Asia: A Scoping Review. Asia Pac J Public Health 2024; 36:172-183. [PMID: 38483070 DOI: 10.1177/10105395241237635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Food environment (FE), an interface where people interact with a broader food system, is critical to health. Understanding the Asian FE may help to tackle the "triple burden of malnutrition" through informed research and policy. This review identifies FE domains assessed in the Asian context and collates the tools/measures used in these evaluations. We further synthesized the reported associations of FE with diet and health outcomes and identified knowledge gaps. Forty-two articles were reviewed (East Asia, n = 25, 60%; South Asia, n = 8, 19%; and Southeast Asia, n = 9, 21%). The results showed that FE was frequently examined in children, adolescents, or adults, but data were scarce in older adults. Food availability (n = 30) and accessibility (n = 19) were popularly studied domains. Furthermore, FE was measured using geographic information systems (n = 18), market (n = 7), or stakeholder (n = 21) surveys. Twenty-eight (67%) articles assessed associations of FE exposures with diet (n = 12) and health (n = 21). Increased food availability and accessibility were associated with poorer dietary and health outcomes despite nonexisting validity and reliability reporting in 62% of articles. Limited high-quality studies emphasize the need for harmonized definitions, better study designs, and validated FE measures/tools in Asia. Improving the quality of FE research is critical to designing effective interventions to improve public health nutrition in Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvinder Kaur Gilcharan Singh
- Division of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Center for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pavitra Sinnasamy
- Division of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Teoh Wan Yi
- Division of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chang Chiao Wei
- Division of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Winnie Chee Siew Swee
- Division of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sangeetha Shyam
- Division of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
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Meijer P, Numans H, Lakerveld J. Associations between the neighbourhood food environment and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:1840-1850. [PMID: 37499177 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To systematically review the current evidence on the association between the neighbourhood food environment and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults. METHODS AND RESULTS We searched the literature databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE for studies published between 1 January 2000 and 1 May 2022. Studies focusing on the indoor home, workplace, or school food environment were excluded. Two independent reviewers screened all records. Included studies were assessed for risk of bias using the shortened QUIPS tool, and relevant data were extracted. We summarized the findings using a narrative synthesis approach. We included 15 studies after screening 5915 original records. Most studies were published in the last 4 years and were predominantly conducted in North American or European countries. These studies focused on fast-food restaurant density in the residential neighbourhood. A higher fast-food restaurant density was most consistently associated with a higher prevalence and incidence of CVD and CVD mortality, but effect sizes were small. Evidence of an association between fast-food restaurant density and myocardial infarction, or stroke was inconsistent. The other aspects of the food environment were density of food service restaurants, unhealthy food outlets, and food access score. However, there was scant evidence for these aspects. CONCLUSION We found evidence for associations between the neighbourhood food environment and CVD, suggesting that a higher fast-food restaurant density is associated with CVD and CVD mortality. Effect sizes were small but important, given the fact that a large population is exposed. Research is needed to assess the effects of other aspects of the food environment. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42022317407.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Meijer
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Str6.131, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Upstream Team, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hidser Numans
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Upstream Team, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Sugimoto M, Tajiri E, Nakashima N, Sakamoto T. Effects of Using a Perforated Spoon on Salt Reduction When Consuming Ramen Noodles: A Randomized Crossover Study of Japanese Male University Students. Nutrients 2023; 15:2864. [PMID: 37447190 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Salt reduction is a public health priority for the Japanese population. We focused on the effect of salt reduction by changing eating utensils to reduce salt consumption. As a test meal, we used ramen, which is commonly eaten by Japanese individuals and has a high salt content. In this randomized crossover study, we hypothesized that eating ramen with a perforated spoon would reduce the quantity of ramen soup and salt consumed compared to using a regular spoon without holes. Soup intake, after-meal fullness, and deliciousness were compared between eating with chopsticks and a regular spoon, and with chopsticks and a perforated spoon. In total, 36 male university students (mean age, 20.7 [standard deviation, 1.8] years) were included in the analyses. The median salt intake (25th and 75th percentiles) was significantly lower with perforated spoons (1.8 [1.5, 4.3] g) than with regular spoons (2.4 [1.8, 4.8] g; p = 0.019). There were no significant differences in after-meal fullness or deliciousness for both spoon conditions (p > 0.05). For young men, the soup intake when eating ramen with a perforated spoon was lower than that with a regular spoon; this suggests a reduction in salt intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Sugimoto
- Graduate School of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100, Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan
- Public Health and Disease Prevention Division, Ariake Public Health Center, Kumamoto Prefectural Government, 1004-1, Iwasaki, Tamana, Kumamoto 865-0016, Japan
| | - Eri Tajiri
- Graduate School of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100, Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan
| | - Nana Nakashima
- Graduate School of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100, Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100, Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan
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Wakasugi M, Yokoseki A, Wada M, Sanpei K, Momotsu T, Sato K, Kawashima H, Nakamura K, Onodera O, Narita I. Stroke incidence and chronic kidney disease: a hospital-based prospective cohort study. Nephrology (Carlton) 2022; 27:577-587. [PMID: 35488413 DOI: 10.1111/nep.14049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This prospective cohort study aimed to (i) examine stroke incidence and stroke subtypes by chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage, (ii) examine whether CKD patients with or without proteinuria have a high risk of stroke independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and (iii) determine precise estimates of stroke risk by CKD stage while accounting for competing mortality risk. METHODS Participants were 2,023 patients enrolled in the Project in Sado for Total Health between June 2008 and December 2016 (55% men; mean age, 69 years), of whom 52% had CKD (stage 1-2, 10%; G3a, 48%; G3b, 17%; G4-5, 11%; and G5D, 14%). RESULTS During a median follow-up of 5.7 years, 157 participants developed stroke and 448 died without developing stroke. Most stroke cases were ischemic among non-dialysis-dependent CKD participants, but the relative frequency of ischemic stroke was near that of intracerebral hemorrhage among dialysis-dependent CKD participants. After adjustment, stage 1-2 (hazard ratio (HR), 2.97; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.60 to 5.51) and stage G3-5 participants with proteinuria (HR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.56 to 4.02), but not stage G3-5 participants without proteinuria (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.38 to 1.08), had a higher stroke risk compared to non-CKD participants. In competing risk analyses, the association was attenuated but remained significant. CONCLUSION Although the distribution of stroke subtypes differed, CKD participants with proteinuria and those with CKD stage 5D had a 2- and 4-times higher risk of stroke, respectively, than that of non-CKD participants, after accounting for competing mortality risk and traditional risk factors. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minako Wakasugi
- Department of Inter-Organ Communication Research, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akio Yokoseki
- Department of Inter-Organ Communication Research, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Hiroyuki Kawashima
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Nakamura
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Osamu Onodera
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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