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Deshmukh K, Gupta S, Mitra K, Bit A. Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Shear Stress Influence on Cellular Viability in Serpentine Vascular Channels. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13101766. [PMID: 36296119 PMCID: PMC9611698 DOI: 10.3390/mi13101766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting has emerged as a tool for developing in vitro tissue models for studying disease progression and drug development. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the influence of flow driven shear stress on the viability of cultured cells inside the luminal wall of a serpentine network. Fluid-structure interaction was modeled using COMSOL Multiphysics for representing the elasticity of the serpentine wall. Experimental analysis of the serpentine model was performed on the basis of a desirable inlet flow boundary condition for which the most homogeneously distributed wall shear stress had been obtained from numerical study. A blend of Gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) and PEGDA200 PhotoInk was used as a bioink for printing the serpentine network, while facilitating cell growth within the pores of the gelatin substrate. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were seeded into the channels of the network to simulate the blood vessels. A Live-Dead assay was performed over a period of 14 days to observe the cellular viability in the printed vascular channels. It was observed that cell viability increases when the seeded cells were exposed to the evenly distributed shear stresses at an input flow rate of 4.62 mm/min of the culture media, similar to that predicted in the numerical model with the same inlet boundary condition. It leads to recruitment of a large number of focal adhesion point nodes on cellular membrane, emphasizing the influence of such phenomena on promoting cellular morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khemraj Deshmukh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur 492010, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur 492010, India
| | - Kunal Mitra
- Biomedical Engineering, Florida Tech, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Arindam Bit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur 492010, India
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Bergt S, Grub A, Wagner S, Engelke H, Nöldge-Schomburg G, Vollmar B, Roesner JP, Wagner NM. Pravastatin But Not Simvastatin Improves Survival and Neurofunctional Outcome After Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2017; 2:149-159. [PMID: 30167563 PMCID: PMC6113548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In a murine model of CA and CPR, intravenous application of hydrophilic pravastatin resulted in increased survival and neurofunctional outcome. In contrast, intravenous application of lipophilic simvastatin did not improve survival or neurofunction following CA/CPR. Pravastatin, but not simvastatin, treatment reduced post-resuscitation pulmonary edema and augmented pulmonary function. In vitro, pravastatin augmented endothelial cell function, whereas simvastatin induced endothelial cell apoptosis. This study supports previous requests for an intravenous formulation of hydrophilic statins for clinical use.
Cardiac arrest (CA) followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is associated with high mortality and poor neurological outcome. We compared the effects of pravastatin and simvastatin on survival and neurofunction in a murine model of CA/CPR. Pravastatin, a hydrophilic statin, increased survival and neurofunction during a 28-day follow-up period. This therapy was associated with improved pulmonary function, reduced pulmonary edema, and increased endothelial cell function in vitro. In contrast, lipophilic simvastatin did not modulate survival but increased pulmonary edema and impaired endothelial cell function. Although pravastatin may display a therapeutic option for post-CA syndrome, the application of simvastatin may require re-evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bergt
- Clinic for Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Andrea Grub
- Clinic for Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Steffen Wagner
- Clinic for Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Hauke Engelke
- Clinic for Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Brigitte Vollmar
- Institute for Experimental Surgery, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jan P Roesner
- Clinic for Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nana-Maria Wagner
- Clinic for Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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Wolf F, Vogt F, Schmitz-Rode T, Jockenhoevel S, Mela P. Bioengineered vascular constructs as living models for in vitro cardiovascular research. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1446-1455. [PMID: 27126777 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases represent the most common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In this review, we explore the potential of bioengineered vascular constructs as living models for in vitro cardiovascular research to advance the current knowledge of pathophysiological processes and support the development of clinical therapies. Bioengineered vascular constructs capable of recapitulating the cellular and mechanical environment of native vessels represent a valuable platform to study cellular interactions and signaling cascades, test drugs and medical devices under (patho)physiological conditions, with the additional potential benefit of reducing the number of animals required for preclinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Wolf
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Textile Implants, Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Vogt
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Intensive Care and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitz-Rode
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Textile Implants, Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jockenhoevel
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Textile Implants, Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Institut für Textiltechnik, RWTH Aachen University, Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Maastricht University at Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands.
| | - Petra Mela
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Textile Implants, Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Wang L, Xiang M, Liu Y, Sun N, Lu M, Shi Y, Wang X, Meng D, Chen S, Qin J. Human induced pluripotent stem cells derived endothelial cells mimicking vascular inflammatory response under flow. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2016; 10:014106. [PMID: 26858818 PMCID: PMC4714980 DOI: 10.1063/1.4940041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) have great potential in vascular diseases research and regenerative medicine. Autologous human ECs are difficult to acquire in sufficient numbers in vitro, and human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer unique opportunity to generate ECs for these purposes. In this work, we present a new and efficient method to simply differentiate human iPSCs into functional ECs, which can respond to physiological level of flow and inflammatory stimulation on a fabricated microdevice. The endothelial-like cells were differentiated from human iPSCs within only one week, according to the inducing development principle. The expression of endothelial progenitor and endothelial marker genes (GATA2, RUNX1, CD34, and CD31) increased on the second and fourth days after the initial inducing process. The differentiated ECs exhibited strong expression of cells-specific markers (CD31 and von Willebrand factor antibody), similar to that present in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In addition, the hiPSC derived ECs were able to form tubular structure and respond to vascular-like flow generated on a microdevice. Furthermore, the human induced pluripotent stem cell-endothelial cells (hiPSC-ECs) pretreated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were susceptible to adhesion to human monocyte line U937 under flow condition, indicating the feasibility of this hiPSCs derived microsystem for mimicking the inflammatory response of endothelial cells under physiological and pathological process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meng Xiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Shi
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Meng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Sifeng Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Qin
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
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