1
|
Almasri RM, Ladouceur F, Mawad D, Esrafilzadeh D, Firth J, Lehmann T, Poole-Warren LA, Lovell NH, Al Abed A. Emerging trends in the development of flexible optrode arrays for electrophysiology. APL Bioeng 2023; 7:031503. [PMID: 37692375 PMCID: PMC10491464 DOI: 10.1063/5.0153753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical-electrode (optrode) arrays use light to modulate excitable biological tissues and/or transduce bioelectrical signals into the optical domain. Light offers several advantages over electrical wiring, including the ability to encode multiple data channels within a single beam. This approach is at the forefront of innovation aimed at increasing spatial resolution and channel count in multichannel electrophysiology systems. This review presents an overview of devices and material systems that utilize light for electrophysiology recording and stimulation. The work focuses on the current and emerging methods and their applications, and provides a detailed discussion of the design and fabrication of flexible arrayed devices. Optrode arrays feature components non-existent in conventional multi-electrode arrays, such as waveguides, optical circuitry, light-emitting diodes, and optoelectronic and light-sensitive functional materials, packaged in planar, penetrating, or endoscopic forms. Often these are combined with dielectric and conductive structures and, less frequently, with multi-functional sensors. While creating flexible optrode arrays is feasible and necessary to minimize tissue-device mechanical mismatch, key factors must be considered for regulatory approval and clinical use. These include the biocompatibility of optical and photonic components. Additionally, material selection should match the operating wavelength of the specific electrophysiology application, minimizing light scattering and optical losses under physiologically induced stresses and strains. Flexible and soft variants of traditionally rigid photonic circuitry for passive optical multiplexing should be developed to advance the field. We evaluate fabrication techniques against these requirements. We foresee a future whereby established telecommunications techniques are engineered into flexible optrode arrays to enable unprecedented large-scale high-resolution electrophysiology systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reem M. Almasri
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Damia Mawad
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Dorna Esrafilzadeh
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Josiah Firth
- Australian National Fabrication Facility, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Torsten Lehmann
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | | | - Amr Al Abed
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Montazeri K, Farhadi M, Akbarnejad Z, Asadpour A, Majdabadi A, Fekrazad R, Mahmoudian S. Acoustic and optoacoustic stimulations in auditory brainstem response test in salicylate induced tinnitus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11930. [PMID: 37488197 PMCID: PMC10366222 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
As a common debilitating disorder worldwide, tinnitus requires objective assessment. In the auditory brainstem response (ABR) test, auditory potentials can be evoked by acoustic or optoacoustic (induced by laser light) stimulations. In order to use the ABR test in the objective assessment of tinnitus, in this study, acoustic ABR (aABR) and optoacoustic ABR (oABR) were compared in the control and tinnitus groups to determine the changes caused by sodium salicylate (SS)-induced tinnitus in rat. In both aABR and oABR, wave II was the most prominent waveform, and the amplitude of wave II evoked by oABR was significantly higher than that of aABR. Brainstem transmission time (BTT), which represents the time required for a neural stimulation to progress from the auditory nerve ending to the inferior colliculus, was significantly shorter in oABR. In the tinnitus group, there was a significant increase in the threshold of both ABRs and a significant decrease in the amplitude of wave II only in the oABR. Based on our findings, the ABR test has the potential to be used in the assessment of SS-induced tinnitus, but oABR has the advantages of producing more prominent waveforms and significantly reducing the amplitude of wave II in tinnitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katayoon Montazeri
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Hazrate Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1445613131, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farhadi
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Hazrate Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1445613131, Iran
| | - Zeinab Akbarnejad
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Hazrate Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1445613131, Iran
| | - Abdoreza Asadpour
- Intelligent Systems Research Centre, Ulster University, Derry Campus, Derry~Londonderry, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Abbas Majdabadi
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Mahmoudian
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Hazrate Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1445613131, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tian L, Zeng M, Tian G, Xu J. In-vitro quantitative measurement and analysis of the photosensitivity of cells to a weak pulse laser. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:3584-3596. [PMID: 37497496 PMCID: PMC10368051 DOI: 10.1364/boe.494620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Light can trigger electrical activity in certain types of cells, and is considered to be a better means of biological regulation than electrical stimulation in the future. Due to the specificity and selectivity of natural cells' photoresponse to optical signals, constructing an applicable method to explore which kinds of cells have photosensitivity and which bands of light could induce its photoresponse most effectively, is of great significance for lights' medical applications. This paper firstly proposed a universal and operable system and corresponding method to quantitatively measure and analyze photosensitivity of cells in vitro to weak pulse laser, which is constructed with Ca2+ imaging module, adjustable laser lights module and laser positioning module. With the measurement system and method, the photosensitive effects of the natural spiral ganglion cells (SGCs) of mice are tested systemantically. Then a new photoresponse band of light (453 nm, 300 µs) is found for SGCs, and its minimum threshold is measured as 5.3 mJ/cm2. The results verify that the proposed method is applicable to screen the cells with photosensitive response, as well as to measure and analyze the working optical parameters, thus is beneficial for the optical biophysics and photobiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Tian
- School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Geng Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiang W, Wang Z, Xiao S, Zeng D, Wu Z, Peng C, Chen F. Pulsed infrared stimulation evoked electrical potential in mouse vestibular system. Neurosci Lett 2022; 775:136510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
5
|
Ebtehaj Z, Malekmohammad M, Hatef A, Soltanolkotabi M. Direct and Plasmonic Nanoparticle‐Mediated Infrared Neural Stimulation: Comprehensive Computational Modeling and Validation. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ebtehaj
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science University of Isfahan Isfahan 81746‐73441 Iran
| | - Mohammad Malekmohammad
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science University of Isfahan Isfahan 81746‐73441 Iran
| | - Ali Hatef
- Nipissing Computational Physics Laboratory, Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Nipissing University North Bay Ontario P1B 8L7 Canada
| | - Mahmood Soltanolkotabi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science University of Isfahan Isfahan 81746‐73441 Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jiang B, Hou W, Xia N, Peng F, Wang X, Chen C, Zhou Y, Zheng X, Wu X. Inhibitory effect of 980-nm laser on neural activity of the rat's cochlear nucleus. NEUROPHOTONICS 2019; 6:035009. [PMID: 31482103 PMCID: PMC6710856 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.6.3.035009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared radiation (NIR) has been described as one of the highest-resolution tools for neuromodulation. However, the poor tissue penetration depth of NIR has limited its further application on some of the deeper layer neurons in vivo. A 980-nm short-wavelength NIR (SW-NIR) with high penetration depth was employed, and its inhibitory effect on neurons was investigated in vivo. In experiments, SW-NIR was implemented on the rat's cochlear nucleus (CN), the auditory pathway was activated by pure-tones through the rat's external auditory canal, and the neural responses were recorded in the inferior colliculus by a multichannel electrode array. Neural firing rate (FR) and the first spike latency (FSL) were analyzed to evaluate the optically induced neural inhibition. Meanwhile, a two-layered finite element, consisting of a fluid layer and a gray matter layer, was established to model the optically induced temperature changes in CN; different stimulation paradigms were used to compare the inhibitory efficiency of SW-NIR. Results showed that SW-NIR could reversibly inhibit acoustically induced CN neural activities: with the increase of laser radiant exposures energy, neural FR decreased significantly and FSL lengthened steadily. Significant inhibition occurred when the optical pulse stimulated prior to the acoustic stimulus. Results indicated that the inhibition relies on the establishment time of the temperature field. Moreover, our preliminary results suggest that short-wavelength infrared could regulate the activities of neurons beyond the neural tissues laser irradiated through neural networks and conduction in vivo. These findings may provide a method for accurate neuromodulation in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jiang
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Wensheng Hou
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Service Robot Control Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Xia
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- Qingdao University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Computer-assisted Surgery, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, China
| | - Chunye Chen
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Chinese Army Medical University, Department of Neurobiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaolin Zheng
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Service Robot Control Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Service Robot Control Technology, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Effect of shorter pulse duration in cochlear neural activation with an 810-nm near-infrared laser. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 32:389-396. [PMID: 27995385 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-2129-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Optical neural stimulation in the cochlea has been presented as an alternative technique to the electrical stimulation due to its potential in spatially selectivity enhancement. So far, few studies have selected the near-infrared (NIR) laser in cochlear neural stimulation and limited optical parameter space has been examined. This paper focused on investigating the optical parameter effect on NIR stimulation of auditory neurons, especially under shorter pulse durations. The spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea of deafened guinea pigs were stimulated with a pulsed 810-nm NIR laser in vivo. The laser radiation was delivered by an optical fiber and irradiated towards the modiolus. Optically evoked auditory brainstem responses (OABRs) with various optical parameters were recorded and investigated. The OABRs could be elicited with the cochlear deafened animals by using the 810-nm laser in a wide pulse duration ranged from 20 to 1000 μs. Results showed that the OABR intensity increased along with the increasing laser radiant exposure of limited range at each specific pulse duration. In addition, for the pulse durations from 20 to 300 μs, the OABR intensity increased monotonically along with the pulse duration broadening. While for pulse durations above 300 μs, the OABR intensity basically kept stable with the increasing pulse duration. The 810-nm NIR laser could be an effective stimulus in evoking the cochlear neuron response. Our experimental data provided evidence to optimize the pulse duration range, and the results suggested that the pulse durations from 20 to 300 μs could be the optimized range in cochlear neural activation with the 810-nm-wavelength laser.
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang J, Lu J, Tian L. Effect of Fiberoptic Collimation Technique on 808 nm Wavelength Laser Stimulation of Cochlear Neurons. Photomed Laser Surg 2016; 34:252-7. [PMID: 26977557 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2015.4065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of fiberoptic collimation technique on auditory neural stimulation in the cochlea with 808 nm wavelength lasers. BACKGROUND DATA Recently, the pulsed near-infrared lasers in the 800-1000 nm wavelength range have been investigated as an emerging technique to trigger auditory neural response in the cochlea. A laser beam divergence in the optical stimulation pathway exists, which may affect stimulation efficiency and spatial selectivity. METHODS The fiberoptic collimation technique was proposed for cochlear neuron stimulation, and the C-lens element was designed as the collimation structure. The spiral ganglion cells in deafened guinea pigs' cochlea were irradiated with collimated and uncollimated near-infrared lasers. Optically evoked auditory brainstem response (OABR) under the two laser output modes were recorded. RESULTS Laser with the collimation technique evoked an average 58% higher OABR amplitude than the uncollimated laser output. In addition, the collimated laser setup consumed on average 35.2% of laser energy compared with the uncollimated laser when evoking the same OABR amplitude. CONCLUSIONS The fiberoptic collimation technique improved stimulation efficiency and reduced stimulating energy consumption in near-infrared neural stimulation in cochlea. The positive effects of laser collimation technique could benefit further research in optically based cochlear implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Wang
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Jianren Lu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Lan Tian
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|