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Li K, Lv J, Wang J, Wei Y, Zhang Y, Lin J, Zhu Q. CircZNF609 inhibited bladder cancer immunotherapy sensitivity via enhancing fatty acid uptake through IGF2BP2/CD36 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112485. [PMID: 38878487 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are gaining attention for their involvement in immune escape and immunotherapy sensitivity regulation. CircZNF609 is a well-known oncogene in various solid tumours. Our previous research revealed its role in reducing the chemosensitivity of bladder cancer (BCa) to cisplatin. However, the underlying role of circZNF609 in BCa immune escape and immunotherapy sensitivity remains unknown. We conducted BCa cells-CD8 + T cells co-culture assays, cell line-derived xenograft and patient-derived xenograft mouse models with human immune reconstitution to further confirm the role of circZNF609 in BCa immune escape and immunotherapy sensitivity. Overexpression of circZNF609 promoted BCa immune escape in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circZNF609 was bound to IGF2BP2, enhancing its interaction with the 3'-untranslated region of CD36. This increased the stability of the CD36 mRNA, leading to enhanced fatty acid uptake by BCa cells and fatty acid depletion within the tumour microenvironment. Additionally, the nuclear export of circZNF609 was regulated by DDX39B. CircZNF609 promoted immune escape and suppressed BCa immunotherapy sensitivity by regulating the newly identified circZNF609/IGF2BP2/CD36 cascade. Therefore, circZNF609 holds potential as both a biomarker and therapeutic target in BCa immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiancheng Lv
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yetao Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianzhong Lin
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qingyi Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Jabeen S, Ahmed N, Rashid F, Lal N, Kong F, Fu Y, Zhang F. Circular RNAs in tuberculosis and lung cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 561:119810. [PMID: 38866175 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
This review signifies the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in tuberculosis (TB) and lung cancer (LC), focusing on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. CircRNAs, a newly discovered type of non-coding RNA, have emerged as key regulators of gene expression and promising biomarkers in various bodily fluids due to their stability. The current review discusses circRNA biogenesis, highlighting their RNase-R resistance due to their loop forming structure, making them effective biomarkers. It details their roles in gene regulation, including splicing, transcription control, and miRNA interactions, and their impact on cellular processes and diseases. For LC, the review identifies circRNA dysregulation affecting cell growth, motility, and survival, and their potential as therapeutic targets and biomarkers. In TB, it addresses circRNAs' influence on host anti-TB immune responses, proposing their use as early diagnostic markers. The paper also explores the interplay between TB and LC, emphasizing circRNAs as dual biosignatures, and the necessity for differential diagnosis. It concludes that no single circRNA biomarker is universally applicable for both TB and LC. Ultimately, the review highlights the pivotal role of circRNAs in TB and LC, encouraging further research in biomarker identification and therapeutic development concomitant for both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Jabeen
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Niaz Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Faiqa Rashid
- Department of Bioinformatics And Biosciences, Capital University Of Science & Technology, Islamabad Expressway, Kahuta Road, Zone-V, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nand Lal
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Fanhui Kong
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yingmei Fu
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Fengmin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China.
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Deng W, Fu J, Lin S, Wen Q, Fu L, Chen X. Hsa_circRNA_101036 aggravates hypoxic-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress via the miR-21-3p/TMTC1 axis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32969. [PMID: 38994041 PMCID: PMC11238011 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for various types of cancer, including Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Hsa_circRNA_101036 was found to function as a cancer suppressor gene in OSCC; however, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the role of hsa_circRNA_101036 in OSCC development and progression and explored its potential as a therapeutic target. Methods We performed a bioinformatics analysis and used experimental approaches to investigate the regulatory mechanism of hsa_circRNA_101036. The database StarBase v.2.0 was used to predict potential target-miRNAs of hsa_circRNA_101036. The levels of hsa_circRNA_101036, miR-21-3p, and TMTC2 expression in samples of OSCC cancer tissue (n = 15) and adjacent tissue (n = 15) were determined. We also examined the effects of hsa_circRNA_101036 overexpression on OSCC cell lines by using cell viability, migration, and invasion assays. The proportions of apoptotic cells and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were analyzed by flow cytometry. We also investigated how hsa_circRNA_101036 overexpression affected the levels of miR-21-3p and TMTC2, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in OSCC cells. Results The levels of hsa_circRNA_101036 and TMTC2 expression were significantly lower, while miR-21-3p expression was higher in tumor tissues and OSCC cells when compared to adjacent tissues and normal oral fibroblasts, respectively. The levels of HIF-1α and miR-21-3p expression were significantly increased under conditions of hypoxia, while the levels of hsa_circRNA_101036 and TMTC2 were decreased. The expression levels of proteins associated with ER stress, the proportions of apoptotic cells, and the levels of ROS were all increased by hypoxia stimulation. In addition, overexpression of hsa_circRNA_101036, but not mutant hsa_circRNA_101036, was found to enhance the effect of hypoxia on HSC3 and OECM-1 cells. Hsa_circRNA_101036 overexpression suppressed tumor growth and induced ER stress. Finally, knockdown of miR-21-3p had the same effect as overexpression of hsa_circRNA_101036. Conclusion Our findings suggest that hsa_circRNA_101036 plays a critical role in the development and progression of OSCC. Overexpression of hsa_circRNA_101036 aggravated ER stress, and increased cell apoptosis and ROS production in OSCC under hypoxic conditions. Hsa_circRNA_101036 up-regulated TMTC2 expression by sponging miR-21-3p in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Juan Fu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Shigeng Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Qitao Wen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Liangbin Fu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Xiaoze Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
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Wang M, Ding X, Fang X, Xu J, Chen Y, Qian Y, Zhang J, Yu D, Zhang X, Ma X, Zhu T, Gu J, Zhang X. Circ6834 suppresses non-small cell lung cancer progression by destabilizing ANHAK and regulating miR-873-5p/TXNIP axis. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:128. [PMID: 38890620 PMCID: PMC11184876 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in cancer progression and metastasis. However, the expression profiles and biological roles of circRNAs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. METHODS In this study, we identified a novel circRNA, hsa_circ_0006834 (termed circ6834), in NSCLC by RNA-seq and investigated the biological role of circ6834 in NSCLC progression in vitro and in vivo. Finally, the molecular mechanism of circ6834 was revealed by tagged RNA affinity purification (TRAP), western blot, RNA immunoprecipitation, dual luciferase reporter gene assays and rescue experiments. RESULTS Our results showed that circ6834 was downregulated in NSCLC tumor tissues and cell lines. Circ6834 overexpression inhibited NSCLC cell growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo, while circ6834 knockdown had the opposite effect. We found that TGF-β treatment decreased circ6834 expression, which was associated with the QKI reduction in NSCLC cells and circ6834 antagonized TGF-β-induced EMT and metastasis in NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, circ6834 bound to AHNAK protein, a key regulator of TGF-β/Smad signaling, and inhibited its stability by enhancing TRIM25-mediated ubiquitination and degradation. In addition, circ6834 acted as a miRNA sponge for miR-873-5p and upregulated TXNIP gene expression, which together inactivated the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in NSCLC cells. CONCLUSION In conclusion, circ6834 is a tumor-suppressive circRNA that inhibits NSCLC progression by forming a negative regulatory feedback loop with the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and represents a novel therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoye Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xiaoge Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xinjian Fang
- Department of Oncology, Gaochun Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Nanjing, 211300, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yanke Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xiuqin Ma
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yixing Hospital affiliated to Jiangsu University, Yixing, 214200, China
| | - Taofeng Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yixing Hospital affiliated to Jiangsu University, Yixing, 214200, China.
| | - Jianmei Gu
- Departmemt of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Nantong Tumor Hospital/Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226300, China.
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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Arefnezhad R, Helfi M, Okhravijouybari R, Goleij P, Sargolzaeimoghaddam M, Mohammadi H, Mahdaviyan N, Fatemian H, Sarg A, Jahani S, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Nazari A. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and lung cancer: We should be hopeful or hopeless? Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102410. [PMID: 38772275 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-caused death that possesses a poor prognosis and low survival rate worldwide. In general, LC is classified into small-cell (SCLC) and non-small-cell carcinoma (NSCLC) (involving 80% of patients). Although chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and molecular-targeted therapy are considered standard approaches for LC treatment, these options have low success with detrimental effects on the life quality of patients. Ergo, recommending treatment with maximum effectiveness and minimum side effects for LC patients has been a substantial challenge for researchers and clinicians in the present era. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based strategies have sparked much interest in preventing or treating numerous illnesses. These multipotent stem cells can be isolated from diverse sources, such as umbilical cord, bone marrow, and adipose tissue. Among these sources, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) have been in the spotlight of MSCs-based therapies thanks to their considerable advantages, such as high proliferation ability, low immune reactions and tumorigenesis, and easiness in collection and isolation. Some experimental studies have investigated the functionality of intact UC-MSCs and extracellular vesicles, exosomes, and conditioned medium derived from UC-MSCs, as well as genetically engineered UC-MSCs. In this review, we aimed to highlight the influences of these UMSCs-based methods in LC treatment with cellular and molecular insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Arefnezhad
- Coenzyme R Research Institute, Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Maryam Helfi
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran; International Network of Stem Cell (INSC), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hanieh Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Fatemian
- School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Arya Sarg
- Istanbul Medipol University, Medical Student, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Saleheh Jahani
- Department of pathology, University of California, San Diego, United states
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Nazari
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Ma Y, Wang T, Zhang X, Wang P, Long F. The role of circular RNAs in regulating resistance to cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms and implications. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:312. [PMID: 38697964 PMCID: PMC11066075 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06698-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has rapidly transformed cancer treatment, yet resistance remains a significant hurdle, limiting its efficacy in many patients. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of non-coding RNAs, have emerged as pivotal regulators of gene expression and cellular processes. Increasing evidence indicates their involvement in modulating resistance to cancer immunotherapy. Notably, certain circRNAs function as miRNA sponges or interact with proteins, influencing the expression of immune-related genes, including crucial immune checkpoint molecules. This, in turn, shapes the tumor microenvironment and significantly impacts the response to immunotherapy. In this comprehensive review, we explore the evolving role of circRNAs in orchestrating resistance to cancer immunotherapy, with a specific focus on their mechanisms in influencing immune checkpoint gene expression. Additionally, we underscore the potential of circRNAs as promising therapeutic targets to augment the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy. Understanding the role of circRNAs in cancer immunotherapy resistance could contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Pinghan Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610032, China
| | - Fangyi Long
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610032, China.
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Lin CC, Law BF, Hettick JM. MicroRNA-mediated Krüppel-like factor 4 upregulation induces alternatively activated macrophage-associated marker and chemokine transcription in 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate exposed macrophages. Xenobiotica 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38568505 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2334329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
1. Occupational exposure to 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) is associated with occupational asthma (OA) development. Alveolar macrophage-induced recruitment of immune cells to the lung microenvironment plays an important role during asthma pathogenesis. Previous studies identified that MDI/MDI-glutathione (GSH)-exposure downregulates endogenous hsa-miR-206-3p/hsa-miR-381-3p. Our prior report shows that alternatively activated (M2) macrophage-associated markers/chemokines are induced by MDI/MDI-GSH-mediated Krüppel-Like Factor 4 (KLF4) upregulation in macrophages and stimulates immune cell chemotaxis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism(s) by which MDI/MDI-GSH upregulates KLF4 remain unclear. 2. Following MDI-GSH exposure, microRNA(miR)-inhibitors/mimics or plasmid transfection, endogenous hsa-miR-206-3p/hsa-miR-381-3p, KLF4, or M2 macrophage-associated markers (CD206, TGM2), and chemokines (CCL17, CCL22, CCL24) were measured by either RT-qPCR, western blot, or luciferase assay. 3. MDI-GSH exposure downregulates hsa-miR-206-3p/hsa-miR-381-3p by 1.46- to 9.75-fold whereas upregulates KLF4 by 1.68- to 1.99-fold, respectively. In silico analysis predicts binding between hsa-miR-206-3p/hsa-miR-381-3p and KLF4. Gain- and loss-of-function, luciferase reporter assays and RNA-induced silencing complex-immunoprecipitation (RISC-IP) studies confirm the posttranscriptional regulatory roles of hsa-miR-206-3p/hsa-miR-381-3p and KLF4 in macrophages. Furthermore, hsa-miR-206-3p/hsa-miR-381-3p regulate the expression of M2 macrophage-associated markers and chemokines via KLF4. 4. In conclusion, hsa-miR-206-3p/hsa-miR-381-3p play a major role in regulation of MDI/MDI-GSH-induced M2 macrophage-associated markers and chemokines by targeting the KLF4 transcript, and KLF4-mediated regulation in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Chung Lin
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Brandon F Law
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Justin M Hettick
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
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8
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Jia S, Yu L, Wang L, Peng L. The functional significance of circRNA/miRNA/mRNA interactions as a regulatory network in lung cancer biology. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 169:106548. [PMID: 38360264 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, presents significant challenges to patients due to its poor prognosis. Recent research has increasingly implicated circular RNAs in the development and progression of lung cancer. These circular RNAs have been found to impact various aspects of tumor behavior, including proliferation, metastasis, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, cancer stem cells, therapy response, and the tumor microenvironment. One of the key mechanisms by which circular RNAs exert their influence is through their ability to act as miRNA sponges, sequestering microRNAs and preventing them from targeting other RNA molecules. Accumulating evidence suggests that circular RNAs can function as competing endogenous RNAs, affecting the expression of target mRNAs by sequestering microRNAs. Dysregulation of competing endogenous RNAs networks involving circular RNAs, microRNAs, and mRNAs leads to the aberrant expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressors involved in lung cancer pathogenesis. Understanding the dynamic interplay and molecular mechanisms among circular RNAs, microRNAs, and mRNAs holds great promise for advancing early diagnosis, personalized therapeutic interventions, and improved patient outcomes in lung cancer. Therefore, this study aims to provide an in-depth exploration of the executive roles of circular RNAs/microRNAs/ mRNAs interactions in lung cancer pathogenesis and their potential utility for diagnosing lung cancer, predicting patient prognosis, and guiding targeted therapies. By offering a comprehensive overview of the dysregulation of the axes as driving factors in lung cancer, we aim to pave the way for their translation into clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Jia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Liping Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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9
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Zabeti Touchaei A, Vahidi S. MicroRNAs as regulators of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy: targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 pathways. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:102. [PMID: 38462628 PMCID: PMC10926683 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by harnessing the power of the immune system to eliminate tumors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) block negative regulatory signals that prevent T cells from attacking cancer cells. Two key ICIs target the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, which includes programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1). Another ICI targets cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4). While ICIs have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in various malignancies, only a subset of patients respond favorably. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, play a crucial role in modulating immune checkpoints, including PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4. This review summarizes the latest advancements in immunotherapy, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoints and the regulatory role of miRNAs in modulating these pathways. Consequently, understanding the complex interplay between miRNAs and immune checkpoints is essential for developing more effective and personalized immunotherapy strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sogand Vahidi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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10
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Babayev M, Silveyra P. Role of circular RNAs in lung cancer. Front Genet 2024; 15:1346119. [PMID: 38501058 PMCID: PMC10944888 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1346119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains a global public health concern with significant research focus on developing better diagnosis/prognosis biomarkers and therapeutical targets. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of single-stranded RNA molecules that covalently closed and have ubiquitous expression. These molecules have been implicated in a variety of disease mechanisms, including lung cancer, as they exhibit oncogenic or tumor suppressor characteristics. Recent research has shown an important role that circRNAs play at different stages of lung cancer, particularly in lung adenocarcinoma. In this review, we summarize the latest research on circRNAs and their roles within lung cancer diagnosis, as well as on disease mechanisms. We also discuss the knowledge gaps on these topics and possible future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University School of Public Health Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
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11
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Meng L, Wu H, Wu J, Ding P, He J, Sang M, Liu L. Mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibitors: insights into the regulation of circular RNAS involved in cancer hallmarks. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:3. [PMID: 38177102 PMCID: PMC10766988 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06389-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Current treatment strategies for cancer, especially advanced cancer, are limited and unsatisfactory. One of the most substantial advances in cancer therapy, in the last decades, was the discovery of a new layer of immunotherapy approach, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which can specifically activate immune cells by targeting immune checkpoints. Immune checkpoints are a type of immunosuppressive molecules expressed on immune cells, which can regulate the degree of immune activation and avoid autoimmune responses. ICIs, such as anti-PD-1/PD-L1 drugs, has shown inspiring efficacy and broad applicability across various cancers. Unfortunately, not all cancer patients benefit remarkably from ICIs, and the overall response rates to ICIs remain relatively low for most cancer types. Moreover, the primary and acquired resistance to ICIs pose serious challenges to the clinical application of cancer immunotherapy. Thus, a deeper understanding of the molecular biological properties and regulatory mechanisms of immune checkpoints is urgently needed to improve clinical options for current therapies. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have attracted increasing attention, not only due to their involvement in various aspects of cancer hallmarks, but also for their impact on immune checkpoints in shaping the tumor immune microenvironment. In this review, we systematically summarize the current status of immune checkpoints in cancer and the existing regulatory roles of circRNAs on immune checkpoints. Meanwhile, we also aim to settle the issue in an evidence-oriented manner that circRNAs involved in cancer hallmarks regulate the effects and resistance of ICIs by targeting immune checkpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjiao Meng
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050035, China
- Research Center and Tumor Research Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
| | - Haotian Wu
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Jiaxiang Wu
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Ping'an Ding
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Jinchen He
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Meixiang Sang
- Research Center and Tumor Research Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
- Science and Education Department, Shanghai Electric Power Hospital, Shanghai, 20050, China.
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050035, China.
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12
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Gilyazova I, Gimalova G, Nizamova A, Galimova E, Ishbulatova E, Pavlov V, Khusnutdinova E. Non-Coding RNAs as Key Regulators in Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:560. [PMID: 38203731 PMCID: PMC10778604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
For several decades, most lung cancer investigations have focused on the search for mutations in candidate genes; however, in the last decade, due to the fact that most of the human genome is occupied by sequences that do not code for proteins, much attention has been paid to non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that perform regulatory functions. In this review, we principally focused on recent studies of the function, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic potential of ncRNAs including microRNA (miRNA), long ncRNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA) in different types of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Gilyazova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Galiya Gimalova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Aigul Nizamova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Elmira Galimova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Ishbulatova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Valentin Pavlov
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Urology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
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13
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Chen Y, Chen X, Li Z, Zhu Y, Liu F, Cai J. CircDENND2D Inhibits PD-L1-Mediated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Metastasis and Immune Escape by Regulating miR-130b-3p/STK11 Axis. Biochem Genet 2023; 61:2691-2709. [PMID: 37222962 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10401-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Local recurrence and distant metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) caused by immune escape is one of the root causes of treatment difficulties. We aim to investigate the mechanism of immune escape in NSCLC. NSCLC tissues were collected. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay. Cell migration and invasion ability was measured by Transwell assay. The expressions of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and PD-L1 were detected by Western blot. NSCLC cells were co-cultured with CD8+ T cells to simulate tumor microenvironment in vitro. The proportion of CD8+ T cells and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed the targeting relationship of circDENND2D and STK11. The expressions of circDENND2D and STK1 were down-regulated, while miR-130b-3p expression was up-regulated in NSCLC tissues. Overexpression of circDENND2D or STK11 inhibited NSCLC cells proliferation, migration and invasion, and attenuated the immune escape of NSCLC cells. CircDENND2D targeted miR-130b-3p to competitively promote STK11 expression. STK11 knockdown or miR-130b-3p overexpression attenuated the function of circDENND2D overexpression on NSCLC cells. CircDENND2D inhibited metastasis and immune escape of NSCLC by regulating miR-130b-3p/STK11 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University/Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianshan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University/Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University/Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yike Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University/Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fujin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University/Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhong Cai
- Medical Laboratory Center, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University/Hainan General Hospital, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Wang R, Zhong J, Pan X, Su Z, Xu Y, Zhang M, Chen X, Chen N, Yu T, Zhou Q. A novel intronic circular RNA circFGFR1 int2 up-regulates FGFR1 by recruiting transcriptional activators P65/FUS and suppressing miR-4687-5p to promote prostate cancer progression. J Transl Med 2023; 21:840. [PMID: 37993879 PMCID: PMC10664560 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04718-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) is a core component of the FGFs/FGFR pathway that activates multiple signalling pathways, including ERK1/2, PI3K/AKT, PLCγ, and NF-κB. Aberrant expression of FGFR1 due to gene amplification, chromosome rearrangement, point mutation, and epigenetic deregulations, have been reported in various cancers. FGFR1 overexpression has also been reported in prostate cancer (PCa), but the underlining mechanisms are not clear. Here we report a novel circular RNA, circFGFR1int2, derived from intron 2 of FGFR1 gene, which is overexpressed in PCa and associated with tumor progression. Importantly, we show that circFGFR1int2 facilitates FGFR1 transcription by recruiting transcription activators P65/FUS and by interacting with FGFR1 promoter. Moreover, we show that circFGFR1int2 suppresses post-transcriptional inhibitory effects of miR-4687-5p on FGFR1 mRNA. These mechanisms synergistically promote PCa cell growth, migration, and invasion. Overexpression of circFGFR1int2 is significantly correlated with higher tumor grade, Gleason score, and PSA level, and is a significant unfavorable prognosticator for CRPC-free survival (CFS) (RR = 3.277, 95% confidence interval: 1.192-9.009; P = 0.021). These findings unravelled novel mechanisms controlling FGFR1 gene expression by intronic circRNA and its potential clinicopathological utility as a diagnostic or therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyue Wang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jinjing Zhong
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiuyi Pan
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhengzheng Su
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yunyi Xu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mengni Zhang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ni Chen
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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15
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Chen X, Gu J, Huang J, Wen K, Zhang G, Chen Z, Wang Z. Characterization of circRNAs in established osimertinib‑resistant non‑small cell lung cancer cell lines. Int J Mol Med 2023; 52:102. [PMID: 37681495 PMCID: PMC10619537 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is an urgent problem to be solved in the treatment of non‑small‑cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Osimertinib is a third‑generation EGFR‑tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which can improve the efficacy and quality of life of patients; however, the inevitable resistance after long‑term use of osimertinib often leads to treatment failure. Cell lines are key tools for basic and preclinical studies. At present, few osimertinib‑resistant cell lines (HCC827‑OR and H1975‑OR) have been established. In the present study, osimertinib‑resistant cell lines were established by gradually increasing the drug concentration. Half‑maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), cell morphology, whole exon sequencing, Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay, EdU staining and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the osimertinib‑resistant cell lines. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression levels of key proteins involved in osimertinib resistance. The circular RNA (circRNA) expression profile was identified by RNA sequencing (RNA‑seq) analysis of HCC827, HCC827‑OR, H1975 and H1975‑OR cells. Subsequently, the biological roles of differentially expressed circRNAs were explored in in vitro studies. Osimertinib‑resistant cell lines were successfully established via treatment with an increasing concentration of osimertinib. Osimertinib IC50 and proliferation of resistant cells were much higher than those of sensitive cells. Notably, phosphorylated (p)‑AKT and p‑ERK were markedly activated in resistant cells, and the inhibitory effect of osimertinib on p‑AKT and p‑ERK was weaker in resistant cells than that in parental cells. RNA‑seq analysis identified differentially expressed circRNAs in HCC827, HCC827‑OR, H1975 and H1975‑OR cells. The most dysregulated circRNAs (circPDLIM5 and circPPP4R1) were selected for further functional study. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that the host genes of differentially expressed circRNAs were associated with 'endocytosis' and 'regulation of autophagy'. In conclusion, the present study established osimertinib‑resistant cell lines and revealed that circRNAs may serve as a promising biomarker in NSCLC osimertinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011
| | - Jingyao Gu
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011
| | - Jiali Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering,
China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009
| | - Kang Wen
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011
| | - Ge Zhang
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011
| | - Zhenyao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032,
P.R. China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011
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16
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Lindner G, Takenaka K, Santucci K, Gao Y, Janitz M. Protein-coding circular RNAs - mechanism, detection, and their role in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 678:68-77. [PMID: 37619313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a unique class of non-coding RNAs and were originally thought to have no protein-coding potential due to their lack of a 5' cap and 3' poly(A) tail. However, recent studies have challenged this notion and revealed that some circRNAs have protein-coding potential. They have emerged as a key area of interest in cancer and neurodegeneration research as recent studies have identified several circRNAs that can produce functional proteins with important roles in cancer progression. The protein-coding potential of circRNAs is determined by the presence of an open reading frame (ORF) within the circular structure that can encode a protein. In some cases, the ORF can be translated into a functional protein despite the lack of traditional mRNA features. While the protein-coding potential of most circRNAs remains unclear, several studies have identified specific circRNAs that can produce functional proteins. Understanding the protein-coding potential of circRNAs is important for unravelling their biological functions and potential roles in disease. Our review provides comprehensive coverage of recent advances in the field of circRNA protein-coding capacity and its impact on cancer and neurodegenerative diseases pathogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Lindner
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Konii Takenaka
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristina Santucci
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yulan Gao
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Janitz
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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17
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Ning J, Luo Y, Chen L, Xiao G, Tanzhu G, Zhou R. CircRNAs and lung cancer: Insight into their roles in metastasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115260. [PMID: 37633056 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. A major contributing factor to the poor survival rates in lung cancer is the high prevalence of metastasis at the time of diagnosis. To address this critical issue, it is imperative to investigate the mechanisms underlying lung cancer metastasis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a distinct type of ribonucleic acid characterized by their unique circular structure, have been implicated in the progression of various diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the close association between circRNAs and the occurrence and development of lung cancer, particularly in relation to metastasis. In this review, we provide a concise overview of the expression patterns and prognostic significance of circRNAs in lung cancer. Additionally, we summarized the current understanding of the clinical relevance of circRNAs in lung cancer metastasis. Furthermore, we systematically focused on the roles of circRNAs in each step of lung cancer metastasis, reflecting the sequential progression of this process. Notably, circRNAs exhibit dual functionality in lung cancer metastasis, acting both as facilitators and inhibitors of metastatic processes. Given their potential, circRNAs hold promise as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for lung cancer metastasis, warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyang Ning
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Center of Coronary Circulation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Liu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Gang Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Guilong Tanzhu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Rongrong Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Xiangya Lung Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China.
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18
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Wang G, Wei X, Gao S, Chen W, Geng Y, Liu J, Guan H. Circ_LRP6 facilitates osteosarcoma progression via the miR-122-5p/miR-204-5p/HMGB1 axis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2462-2475. [PMID: 37449723 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Circ_LRP6 is participated in the occurrence and development of numerous tumors. Nevertheless, its roles and mechanism in osteosarcoma (OS) is unknown. This study aims to illustrate this point. With the use of qRT-PCR, the level of circ_LRP6, miR-122-5p, miR-204-5p and HMGB1 was identified. To observe cell proliferation, migration and invasion, we adopted CCK-8 and Transwell assays in the present study. Besides, to prove the existing interaction, bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase reporting assays were employed. The influence of circ_LRP6 on osteosarcoma in vivo was evaluated by subcutaneous tumor formation model in nude mice. In osteosarcoma tissues, circ_LRP6 and HMGB1 are strongly denoted, whereas miR-122-5p and miR-204-5p are under-expressed. Circ_LRP6 knockdown could significantly hinder the proliferation, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Circ_LRP6 hindered the proliferation of osteosarcoma in vivo. Bioinformatics predicted that miR-122-5p and miR-204-5p functioned as direct targets of circ_LRP6, and HMGB1 were possible target genes of miR-122-5p and miR-204-5p. The findings indicated that the low level of miR-122-5p and miR-204-5p and the overexpression of HMGB1 could partially restore and reduce the inhibitory impact of circ_LRP6 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Circ_LRP6 affects osteosarcoma progression via the miR-122-5p/miR-204-5p/HMGB1 axis, and is shown to be a molecular biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, Henan, China
| | - Xiyuan Wei
- Department of Medical Services Division, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, Henan, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, Henan, China
| | - Wenheng Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, Henan, China
| | - Yang Geng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, Henan, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Research of Trauma Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongya Guan
- Research of Trauma Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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19
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Zhu P, Liu B, Fan Z. Noncoding RNAs in tumorigenesis and tumor therapy. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 3:692-706. [PMID: 38933287 PMCID: PMC11197782 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a complicated process in which numerous modulators are involved in different ways. Previous studies have focused primarily on tumor-associated protein-coding genes such as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, as well as their associated oncogenic pathways. However, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), rising stars in diverse physiological and pathological processes, have recently emerged as additional modulators in tumorigenesis. In this review, we focus on two typical kinds of ncRNAs: long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs). We describe the molecular patterns of ncRNAs and focus on the roles of ncRNAs in cancer stem cells (CSCs), tumor cells, and tumor environmental cells. CSCs are a small subset of tumor cells and are generally considered to be cells that initiate tumorigenesis, and dozens of ncRNAs have been defined as critical modulators in CSC maintenance and oncogenesis. Moreover, ncRNAs are widely involved in oncogenetic processes, including sustaining proliferation, resisting cell death, genome instability, metabolic disorders, immune escape and metastasis. We also discuss the potential applications of ncRNAs in tumor diagnosis and therapy. The progress in ncRNA research greatly improves our understanding of ncRNAs in oncogenesis and provides new potential targets for future tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Benyu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zusen Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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20
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Alahdal M, Elkord E. Non-coding RNAs in cancer immunotherapy: Predictive biomarkers and targets. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1425. [PMID: 37735815 PMCID: PMC10514379 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, standardising clinical predictive biomarkers for assessing the response to immunotherapy remains challenging due to variations in personal genetic signatures, tumour microenvironment complexities and epigenetic onco-mechanisms. MAIN BODY Early monitoring of key non-coding RNA (ncRNA) biomarkers may help in predicting the clinical efficacy of cancer immunotherapy and come up with standard predictive ncRNA biomarkers. For instance, reduced miR-125b-5p level in the plasma of non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with anti-PD-1 predicts a positive outcome. The level of miR-153 in the plasma of colorectal cancer patients treated with chimeric antigen receptor T lymphocyte (CAR-T) cell therapy may indicate the activation of T-cell killing activity. miR-148a-3p and miR-375 levels may forecast favourable responses to CAR-T-cell therapy in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. In cancer patients treated with the GPC3 peptide vaccine, serum levels of miR-1228-5p, miR-193a-5p and miR-375-3p were reported as predictive biomarkers of good response and improved overall survival. Therefore, there is a critical need for further studies to elaborate on the key ncRNA biomarkers that have the potential to predict early clinical responses to immunotherapy. CONCLUSION This review summarises important predictive ncRNA biomarkers that were reported in cancer patients treated with different immunotherapeutic modalities, including monoclonal antibodies, small molecule inhibitors, cancer vaccines and CAR-T cells. In addition, a concise discussion on forthcoming perspectives is provided, outlining technical approaches for the optimal utilisation of immunomodulatory ncRNA biomarkers as predictive tools and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murad Alahdal
- Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, StPetersburgFloridaUSA
- Department of OncologySydney Kimmel Cancer CenterSchool of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Eyad Elkord
- Department of Applied BiologyCollege of ScienceUniversity of SharjahUniversity CitySharjahUnited Arab Emirates
- Biomedical Research CenterSchool of ScienceEngineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchesterUK
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21
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Pisignano G, Michael DC, Visal TH, Pirlog R, Ladomery M, Calin GA. Going circular: history, present, and future of circRNAs in cancer. Oncogene 2023; 42:2783-2800. [PMID: 37587333 PMCID: PMC10504067 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02780-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
To date, thousands of highly abundant and conserved single-stranded RNA molecules shaped into ring structures (circRNAs) have been identified. CircRNAs are multifunctional molecules that have been shown to regulate gene expression transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally and exhibit distinct tissue- and development-specific expression patterns associated with a variety of normal and disease conditions, including cancer pathogenesis. Over the past years, due to their intrinsic stability and resistance to ribonucleases, particular attention has been drawn to their use as reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. However, there are some critical caveats to their utility in the clinic. Their circular shape limits their annotation and a complete functional elucidation is lacking. This makes their detection and biomedical application still challenging. Herein, we review the current knowledge of circRNA biogenesis and function, and of their involvement in tumorigenesis and potential utility in cancer-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Pisignano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - David C Michael
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Tanvi H Visal
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Radu Pirlog
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Ladomery
- Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Frenchay, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Wang F, Lu Q, Yu H, Zhang XM. The Circular RNA circFGFR4 Facilitates Resistance to Anti-PD-1 of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Targeting the miR-185-5p/CXCR4 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:825-835. [PMID: 37601820 PMCID: PMC10439764 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s411901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose One of the most catastrophic malignant tumors is triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). It is characterized by rapid progression in the clinic. CircRNAs are abnormally expressed in almost all cancers and play important roles in tumor immune evasion. Nevertheless, the biological roles of the circular fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 RNA (circFGFR4) in TNBC remain unclear. Methods The expression of circFGFR4 in TNBC tissues and paired nontumor tissues was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The role of circFGFR4 in TNBC immune evasion was estimated by analyzing clinical tissues. In vivo circRNA precipitation, RNA immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays were performed to explore interaction between circFGFR4 and miR-185-5p. Results Our results indicated that circFGFR4 was significantly overexpressed in TNBC tissues. Upregulated circFGFR4 expression was correlated with decreased CD8+ T cell infiltration in tumor tissues and resistance to anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy in TNBC patients and mice bearing TNBC tumors. Forced circFGFR4 expression inhibited CD8+ T cell infiltration in tissue sections from TNCB tumor bearing mice. Mechanistically, circFGFR4 competitively sponged miR-185-5p and prevented miR-185-5p from decreasing the levels of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). Conclusion Ultimately, our results indicated that circFGFR4 plays an important role in immune evasion and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy resistance via regulates miR-185-5p/CXCR4 axis in TNBC, thus suggesting that circFGFR4 has significant potential as a biomarker for predicting sensitivity to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and as an immunotherapeutic target for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiong Lu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Concord Medical Cancer Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Jaiswal A, Kaushik N, Choi EH, Kaushik NK. Functional impact of non-coding RNAs in high-grade breast carcinoma: Moving from resistance to clinical applications: A comprehensive review. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188915. [PMID: 37196783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite the recent advances in cancer therapy, triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are the most relapsing cancer sub-type. It is partly due to their propensity to develop resistance against the available therapies. An intricate network of regulatory molecules in cellular mechanisms leads to the development of resistance in tumors. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have gained widespread attention as critical regulators of cancer hallmarks. Existing research suggests that aberrant expression of ncRNAs modulates the oncogenic or tumor suppressive signaling. This can mitigate the responsiveness of efficacious anti-tumor interventions. This review presents a systematic overview of biogenesis and down streaming molecular mechanism of the subgroups of ncRNAs. Furthermore, it explains ncRNA-based strategies and challenges to target the chemo-, radio-, and immunoresistance in TNBCs from a clinical standpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Jaiswal
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Neha Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nagendra Kumar Kaushik
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Wang K, Chen Z, Qiao X, Zheng J. Hsa_circ_0084003 modulates glycolysis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through targeting hsa-miR-143-3p/DNMT3A axis. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:457-467. [PMID: 37397922 PMCID: PMC10311161 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, one of the deadliest tumors of the digestive tract, is a difficult and invasive malignancy. Current treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma mainly depends on surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which, however, often resulting in questionable curative effect. Therefore, new targeted therapies are needed in future treatment. We first interfered with hsa_circ_0084003 expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells, and further studied how hsa_circ_0084003 functioned in regulating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell aerobic glycolysis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and also evaluated the regulatingeffect of hsa_circ_0084003 on hsa-miR-143-3p and its target DNA methyltransferase 3A. Hsa_circ_0084003 knockdown could notably inhibit the aerobic glycolysis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0084003 could regulate its downstream target DNA methyltransferase 3A by binding to hsa-miR-143-3p, and overexpression of hsa_circ_0084003 could reverse the anticarcinogenic effect of hsa-miR-143-3p on aerobic glycolysis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. Hsa_circ_0084003, as a carcinogenic circular RNA, regulated its downstream target DNA methyltransferase 3A to promote pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell aerobic glycolysis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through sponging hsa-miR-143-3p. Therefore, hsa_circ_0084003 could be studied as a possible therapeutic target regarding pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqiong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hainan Provincial People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Zhiju Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hainan Provincial People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hainan Provincial People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Jinfang Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hainan Provincial People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
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25
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Dong Y, Gao Q, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Du Y, Liu Y, Zhang G, Li S, Wang G, Chen X, Liu H, Han L, Ye Y. Identification of CircRNA signature associated with tumor immune infiltration to predict therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2540. [PMID: 37137884 PMCID: PMC10156742 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38232-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of cancer. However, the clinical implications and regulatory networks of circRNAs in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint blockades (ICB) have not been fully elucidated. Here, we characterize circRNA expression profiles in two independent cohorts of 157 ICB-treated advanced melanoma patients and reveal overall overexpression of circRNAs in ICB non-responders in both pre-treatment and early during therapy. Then, we construct circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks to reveal circRNA-related signaling pathways in the context of ICB treatment. Further, we construct an ICB-related circRNA signature (ICBcircSig) score model based on progression-free survival-related circRNAs to predict immunotherapy efficacy. Mechanistically, the overexpression of ICBcircSig circTMTC3 and circFAM117B could increase PD-L1 expression via the miR-142-5p/PD-L1 axis, thus reducing T cell activity and leading to immune escape. Overall, our study characterizes circRNA profiles and regulatory networks in ICB-treated patients, and highlights the clinical utility of circRNAs as predictive biomarkers of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dong
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Lin Gang Laboratory, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yanhua Du
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Guangxiong Zhang
- Lin Gang Laboratory, Shanghai, 200025, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Shengli Li
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Gaoyang Wang
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China.
| | - Leng Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Youqiong Ye
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China.
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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26
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Zhang Y, Qi W, Wu Y. EIF4A3-induced circular RNA SCAP facilitates tumorigenesis and progression of non-small-cell lung cancer via miR-7/SMAD2 signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:65237-65249. [PMID: 37079240 PMCID: PMC10182944 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26307-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) family determines transcription efficiency by directly binding to precursor RNAs. One member, EIF4A3, modulates the expression of circRNAs. Circular RNA SCAP (circSCAP), a newly found circRNA, has been implicated in atherosclerosis. Yet, how circSCAP regulates cancer development and progression remains understudied. Here, we investigated the function of circSCAP and the molecular mechanism in the tumorigenesis and progression of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). CircSCAP was upregulated in both NSCLC tissues and cell lines and was mainly located in the cytoplasm. CircSCAP expression was promoted by EIF4A3, which was associated with poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC. CircSCAP sponged miR-7 to upregulate small mothers against decapentaplegic 2 (SMAD2). CircSCAP knockdown undermined cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities in NSCLC cell lines (SPCA1 and A549), which was rescued by either inhibiting miR-7 or overexpressing SMAD2. Moreover, circSCAP knockdown upregulated E-cadherin, while downregulating N-cadherin, Vimentin, and MMP9 in SPCA1 and A549 cells, which were abolished by either inhibiting miR-7 or overexpressing SMAD2. Additionally, miR-7 was markedly downregulated, whereas SMAD2 was significantly upregulated in NSCLC tissues. MiR-7 expression was inversely correlated with circSCAP and SMAD2 expression in NSCLC tissues. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that circSCAP is significantly upregulated in NSCLC cell lines and tissues and elucidates that circSCAP facilitates NSCLC progression by sponging miR-7 and upregulating SMAD2. The study provides a novel molecular target for early diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jiaxing (Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University), Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Precision Treatment for Lung Cancer, the First Hospital of Jiaxing (Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University), Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibo Qi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jiaxing (Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University), Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglei Wu
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jiaxing (Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University), Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Tang T, Liu X, Wu R, Shen L, Ren S, Shen B. CTRR-ncRNA: A Knowledgebase for Cancer Therapy Resistance and Recurrence Associated Non-coding RNAs. GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2023; 21:292-299. [PMID: 36265769 PMCID: PMC10626174 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cancer therapy resistance and recurrence (CTRR) are the dominant causes of death in cancer patients. Recent studies have indicated that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) can not only reverse the resistance to cancer therapy but also are crucial biomarkers for the evaluation and prediction of CTRR. Herein, we developed CTRR-ncRNA, a knowledgebase of CTRR-associated ncRNAs, aiming to provide an accurate and comprehensive resource for research involving the association between CTRR and ncRNAs. Compared to most of the existing cancer databases, CTRR-ncRNA is focused on the clinical characterization of cancers, including cancer subtypes, as well as survival outcomes and responses to personalized therapy of cancer patients. Information pertaining to biomarker ncRNAs has also been documented for the development of personalized CTRR prediction. A user-friendly interface and several functional modules have been incorporated into the database. Based on the preliminary analysis of genotype-phenotype relationships, universal ncRNAs have been found to be potential biomarkers for CTRR. The CTRR-ncRNA is a translation-oriented knowledgebase and it provides a valuable resource for mechanistic investigations and explainable artificial intelligence-based modeling. CTRR-ncRNA is freely available to the public at http://ctrr.bioinf.org.cn/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Tang
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Centre for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xingyun Liu
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Centre for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rongrong Wu
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Centre for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Centre for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shumin Ren
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Centre for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bairong Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Centre for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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28
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Yi Q, Feng J, Liao Y, Sun W. Circular RNAs in chemotherapy resistance of lung cancer and their potential therapeutic application. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:225-237. [PMID: 35594011 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the high malignancy-related incidence and mortality worldwide, accounting for about 13% of total cancer diagnoses. Currently, the use of anti-cancer agents is still the main therapeutic method for lung cancer. However, cancer cells will gradually show resistance to these drugs with the progress of treatment. And the molecular mechanisms underlying chemotherapy agents resistance remain unclear. circRNAs are newly identified noncoding RNAs molecules with covalently closed circular structures. Previous studies have shown that circRNAs are associated with tumorigenesis and progression of various cancers, including lung cancer. Recently, growing reports have suggested that circRNAs could contribute to drug resistance of lung cancer cell through different mechanisms. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the functions and underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in regulating chemoresistance of lung cancer and discussed their potential applications for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Liao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weichao Sun
- The Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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29
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Sun Z, Han J, Wang J. Circular RNA PIP5K1A promotes glycolysis and malignancy of non-small cell lung cancer via miR-656-3p/GBE1 axis under hypoxia. Mol Cell Toxicol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-023-00343-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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30
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Zhu H, Tan J, Pan X, Ouyang H, Zhang Z, Li M, Zhao Y. HELLPAR/RRM2 axis related to HMMR as novel prognostic biomarker in gliomas. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:125. [PMID: 36750807 PMCID: PMC9903609 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10596-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas are the most frequent type of central nervous system tumor, accounting for more than 70% of all malignant CNS tumors. Recent research suggests that the hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (HMMR) could be a novel potential tumor prognostic marker. Furthermore, mounting data has highlighted the important role of ceRNA regulatory networks in a variety of human malignancies. The complexity and behavioural characteristics of HMMR and the ceRNA network in gliomas, on the other hand, remained unknown. METHODS Transcriptomic expression data were collected from TCGA, GTEx, GEO, and CGGA database.The relationship between clinical variables and HMMR was analyzed with the univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess OS. TCGA data are analyzed and processed, and the correlation results obtained were used to perform GO, GSEA, and ssGSEA. Potentially interacting miRNAs and lncRNAs were predicted by miRWalk and StarBase. RESULTS HMMR was substantially expressed in gliomas tissues compared to normal tissues. Multivariate analysis revealed that high HMMR expression was an independent predictive predictor of OS in TCGA and CGGA. Functional enrichment analysis found that HMMR expression was associated with nuclear division and cell cycle. Base on ssGSEA analysis, The levels of HMMR expression in various types of immune cells differed significantly. Bioinformatics investigation revealed the HEELPAR-hsa-let-7i-5p-RRM2 ceRNA network, which was linked to gliomas prognosis. And through multiple analysis, the good predictive performance of HELLPAR/RRM2 axis for gliomas patients was confirmed. CONCLUSION This study provides multi-layered and multifaceted evidence for the importance of HMMR and establishes a HMMR-related ceRNA (HEELPAR-hsa-let-7i-5p-RRM2) overexpressed network related to the prognosis of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxin Zhu
- grid.412604.50000 0004 1758 4073Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi China
| | - Jiacong Tan
- grid.412604.50000 0004 1758 4073Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi China
| | - Xinyi Pan
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825Huankui Academy, Nanchang University, Honggutan New District, Jiangxi 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Hengyang Ouyang
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825Huankui Academy, Nanchang University, Honggutan New District, Jiangxi 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Zhixiong Zhang
- grid.412604.50000 0004 1758 4073Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi China
| | - Meihua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Yeyu Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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31
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Lv J, Li K, Yu H, Han J, Zhuang J, Yu R, Cheng Y, Song Q, Bai K, Cao Q, Yang H, Yang X, Lu Q. HNRNPL induced circFAM13B increased bladder cancer immunotherapy sensitivity via inhibiting glycolysis through IGF2BP1/PKM2 pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:41. [PMID: 36747239 PMCID: PMC9901087 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The response rate to immunotherapy in patients with bladder cancer (BCa) remains relatively low. Considering the stable existence and important functions in tumour metabolism, the role of circRNAs in regulating immune escape and immunotherapy sensitivity is receiving increasing attention. METHODS Circular RNA (circRNA) sequencing was performed on five pairs of BCa samples, and circFAM13B (hsa_circ_0001535) was screened out because of its remarkably low expression in BCa. Further mRNA sequencing was conducted, and the association of circFAM13B with glycolysis process and CD8+ T cell activation was confirmed. The functions of circFAM13B were verified by proliferation assays, glycolysis assays, BCa cells-CD8+ T cell co-culture assays and tumorigenesis experiment among human immune reconstitution NOG mice. Bioinformatic analysis, RNA-protein pull down, mass spectrometry, RNA immunoprecipitation, luciferase reporter assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization were performed to validate the HNRNPL/circFAM13B/IGF2BP1/PKM2 cascade. RESULTS Low expression of circFAM13B was observed in BCa, and it was positively associated with lower tumour stage and better prognosis among patients with BCa. The function of CD8+ T cells was promoted by circFAM13B, and it could attenuate the glycolysis of BCa cells and reverse the acidic tumour microenvironment (TME). The production of granzyme B and IFN-γ was improved, and the immunotherapy (PD-1 antibodies) sensitivity was facilitated by the inhibition of acidic TME. Mechanistically, circFAM13B was competitively bound to the KH3-4 domains of IGF2BP1 and subsequently reduced the binding of IGF2BP1 and PKM2 3'UTR. Thus, the stability of the PKM2 mRNA decreased, and glycolysis-induced acidic TME was inhibited. The generation of circFAM13B was explored by confirming whether heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (HNRNPL) could promote circFAM13B formation via pre-mRNA back-splicing. CONCLUSIONS HNRNPL-induced circFAM13B could repress immune evasion and enhance immunotherapy sensitivity by inhibiting glycolysis and acidic TME in BCa through the novel circFAM13B/IGF2BP1/PKM2 cascade. Therefore, circFAM13B can be used as a biomarker for guiding the immunotherapy among patients with BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Lv
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Kai Li
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Hao Yu
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Jie Han
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Juntao Zhuang
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Ruixi Yu
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Yidong Cheng
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Qiang Song
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Kexin Bai
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Qiang Cao
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Haiwei Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Qiang Lu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Dutta S, Ganguly A, Chatterjee K, Spada S, Mukherjee S. Targets of Immune Escape Mechanisms in Cancer: Basis for Development and Evolution of Cancer Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020218. [PMID: 36829496 PMCID: PMC9952779 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has emerged as a novel therapeutic tool for cancer therapy in the last decade. Unfortunately, a small number of patients benefit from approved immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Therefore, multiple studies are being conducted to find new ICIs and combination strategies to improve the current ICIs. In this review, we discuss some approved immune checkpoints, such as PD-L1, PD-1, and CTLA-4, and also highlight newer emerging ICIs. For instance, HLA-E, overexpressed by tumor cells, represents an immune-suppressive feature by binding CD94/NKG2A, on NK and T cells. NKG2A blockade recruits CD8+ T cells and activates NK cells to decrease the tumor burden. NKG2D acts as an NK cell activating receptor that can also be a potential ICI. The adenosine A2A and A2B receptors, CD47-SIRPα, TIM-3, LAG-3, TIGIT, and VISTA are targets that also contribute to cancer immunoresistance and have been considered for clinical trials. Their antitumor immunosuppressive functions can be used to develop blocking antibodies. PARPs, mARTs, and B7-H3 are also other potential targets for immunosuppression. Additionally, miRNA, mRNA, and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated immunotherapeutic approaches are being investigated with great interest. Pre-clinical and clinical studies project these targets as potential immunotherapeutic candidates in different cancer types for their robust antitumor modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shovan Dutta
- The Center for Immunotherapy & Precision Immuno-Oncology (CITI), Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Anirban Ganguly
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar 814152, India
| | | | - Sheila Spada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Sumit Mukherjee
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (S.M.)
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Li H, Huang Q, Guo H, Chen X, Li X, Qiu M. Circular RNA, circular RARS, promotes aerobic glycolysis of non-small-cell lung cancer by binding with LDHA. Thorac Cancer 2023; 14:389-398. [PMID: 36628612 PMCID: PMC9891865 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Accumulating evidence has highlighted the critical roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aims to unveil the roles of circRARS (circular RARS) (hsa_circ_0001551) in NSCLC. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR was used to determine the expression of circRARS in NSCLC tissues and cells. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to determine the prognostic value of circRARS expression. CCK8, transwell, and wound healing assays were used to assess the proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities of NSCLC cells. RNA pull-down, cell fraction, glucose consumption, lactate production, and lactate dehydrogenase activity assays were conducted to explore the potential mechanisms of circRARS in NSCLC. RESULTS circRARS is upregulated in NSCLC tissues and positively correlated with smoking status, lymph node metastasis, and higher tumor stages. NSCLC patients with high expression of circRARS have poor overall survival. Functional assays demonstrated that circRARS accelerated the proliferation, invasion, and migration of NSCLC cells in vitro. The cell fraction suggested that circRARS mainly accumulated in cytoplasm and the RNA pull-down assay showed lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA) could bind with circRARS. Furthermore, circRARS positively regulates LDHA activity and LDHA expression at the transcription level. Moreover, downregulated circRARS decreases glucose consumption and lactate production and compromises aerobic glycolysis in NSCLC cells. Finally, rescue assays showed circRARS could promote NSCLC cell proliferation by regulating LDHA activity. CONCLUSION This study shows that circRARS can promote glycolysis and tumor progression in NSCLC by regulating LDHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Li
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina,Thoracic Oncology InstitutePeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Haifa Guo
- The First Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiuyuan Chen
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina,Thoracic Oncology InstitutePeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Mantang Qiu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina,Thoracic Oncology InstitutePeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
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CircSETD3 mediates acquired resistance to gefitinib in non-small lung cancer cells by FXR1/ECT2 pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 154:106344. [PMID: 36503048 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gefitinib is the first-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring EGFR sensitive mutation. However, acquired resistance significantly limits its therapeutic efficacy. CircSETD3 has been reported to promote gefitinib resistance in NSCLC cells, however, its underlying mechanisms have not been fully clarified. METHODS The expression of circSETD3 were detected in NSCLC patients who received gefitinib as first-line treatment, including 20 gefitinib-sensitive patients and 20 acquired gefitinib-resistant patients. Cell viability were examined by CCK8 assay. The mRNA and protein levels were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. Using RNA pull-down assay followed by mass spectrometry to identified proteins that interact with circSETD3. The interaction between circSETD3 and fragile X-related protein-1 (FXR1) were further validated by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and pull-down analysis. Fuorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunofluorescence (IF) assays was used for the identification of sub-location of circSETD3 and FXR1 in cells. The effect of circSETD3 overexpression and knockdown on NSCLC tumor growth to gefitinib sensitivity was detected using the mouse xenograft model. RESULTS CircSETD3 was significantly upregulated in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells, and decreased the gefitinib sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, circSETD3 facilitated FXR1 binding to its downstream mRNA target, epithelial cell-transforming sequence 2 (ECT2), promoting ECT2 mRNA decay, which further inhibited cellular apoptosis. CONCLUSION CircSETD3/FXR1/ECT2 axis plays a critical role in the acquired resistance to gefitinib in NSCLC. Our results highlight the potential of circSETD3 as a biomarker and therapeutic target for NSCLC patients with acquired gefitinib resistance.
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Ruan H, Wang PC, Han L. Characterization of circular RNAs with advanced sequencing technologies in human complex diseases. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1759. [PMID: 36164985 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are one category of non-coding RNAs that do not possess 5' caps and 3' free ends. Instead, they are derived in closed circle forms from pre-mRNAs by a non-canonical splicing mechanism named "back-splicing." CircRNAs were discovered four decades ago, initially called "scrambled exons." Compared to linear RNAs, the expression levels of circRNAs are considerably lower, and it is challenging to identify circRNAs specifically. Thus, the biological relevance of circRNAs has been underappreciated until the advancement of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology. The biological insights of circRNAs, such as their tissue-specific expression patterns, biogenesis factors, and functional effects in complex diseases, namely human cancers, have been extensively explored in the last decade. With the invention of the third generation sequencing (TGS) with longer sequencing reads and newly designed strategies to characterize full-length circRNAs, the panorama of circRNAs in human complex diseases could be further unveiled. In this review, we first introduce the history of circular RNA detection. Next, we describe widely adopted NGS-based methods and the recently established TGS-based approaches capable of characterizing circRNAs in full-length. We then summarize data resources and representative circRNA functional studies related to human complex diseases. In the last section, we reviewed computational tools and discuss the potential advantages of utilizing advanced sequencing approaches to a functional interpretation of full-length circRNAs in complex diseases. This article is categorized under: RNA Evolution and Genomics > Computational Analyses of RNA RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Ruan
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Wang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Leng Han
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas, USA
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Saadi W, Fatmi A, Pallardó FV, García-Giménez JL, Mena-Molla S. Long Non-Coding RNAs as Epigenetic Regulators of Immune Checkpoints in Cancer Immunity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010184. [PMID: 36612180 PMCID: PMC9819025 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, cancer treatment has undergone significant changes, predominantly in the shift towards immunotherapeutic strategies using immune checkpoint inhibitors. Despite the clinical efficacy of many of these inhibitors, the overall response rate remains modest, and immunotherapies for many cancers have proved ineffective, highlighting the importance of knowing the tumor microenvironment and heterogeneity of each malignancy in patients. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have attracted increasing attention for their ability to control various biological processes by targeting different molecular pathways. Some lncRNAs have a regulatory role in immune checkpoints, suggesting they might be utilized as a target for immune checkpoint treatment. The focus of this review is to describe relevant lncRNAs and their targets and functions to understand key regulatory mechanisms that may contribute in regulating immune checkpoints. We also provide the state of the art on super-enhancers lncRNAs (selncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), which have recently been reported as modulators of immune checkpoint molecules within the framework of human cancer. Other feasible mechanisms of interaction between lncRNAs and immune checkpoints are also reported, along with the use of miRNAs and circRNAs, in generating new tumor immune microenvironments, which can further help avoid tumor evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiam Saadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature, Life and Earth Sciences, University of Djillali Bounaama, Khemis Miliana 44225, Algeria
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (S.M.-M.)
| | - Ahlam Fatmi
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Salvador Mena-Molla
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (S.M.-M.)
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Pan LN, Ma YF, Hu JA, Xu ZH. Hsa_circ_0003288 facilitates tumor progression by targeting miR-145 in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Cancer Biomark 2022; 35:349-357. [PMID: 35001875 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-203198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) has been shown to participate in various tumors, including lung cancer. In the present study, we explored the expression and functional relevance of hsa_circ_0003288 in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We verified that hsa_circ_0003288 expression was upregulated in lung cancer tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of hsa_circ_0003288 dramatically promoted lung cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, inhibited apoptosis, and increased cell migration and invasion in vitro. Xenograft experiments showed that hsa_circ_0003288 overexpression accelerated tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0003288 negatively regulated miR-145 to exert the oncogenic role in lung cancer. Overexpression of miR-145 decreased cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and suppressed migration and invasion in lung cancer. Additionally, miR-145 co-transfection abolished the oncogenic role of hsa_circ_0003288. Collectively, these findings identified a novel regulatory role of hsa_circ_0003288/miR-145 axis in the progression of NSCLC.
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Yang B, Zhang B, Qi Q, Wang C. CircRNA has_circ_0017109 promotes lung tumor progression via activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling due to modulating miR-671-5p/FZD4 axis. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:443. [PMID: 36434577 PMCID: PMC9700975 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02209-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Accumulating evidence highlights the critical roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the malignant progression of cancers. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern of a newly identified circRNA (hsa_circ_0017109) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and examined its downstream molecular targets. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting (WB) were conducted to quantify gene and protein expression. In vitro functional assays such as colony formation assay, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry were used to study cell proliferation and apoptosis. RNA pull-down assay, luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation were performed to validate molecular interaction. Mouse xenograft model of NSCLC cells was used to assess the role of circ_0017109 in tumorigenesis. RESULTS Circ_0017109 was upregulated in NSCLC tumor samples and cells. Silencing circ_0017109 impaired cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in NSCLC cells, and circ_0017109 knockdown suppressed in vivo tumorigenesis of NSCLC cells in mouse xenograft model. MiR-671-5p was identified as a target of circ_0017109, and circ_0017109 negatively impacted on miR-671-5p expression. MiR-671-5p downregulated FZD4 and dampened the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Circ_0017109 modulated FZD4 expression by suppressing miR-671-5p activity. CONCLUSIONS Elevated circ_0017109 expression promotes tumor progression of NSCLC by modulating miR-671-5p/FZD4/β-catenin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huan-hu-xi Road, Ti-Yuan-Bei, He XI Disrict, Tianjin, 30060 P.R. China ,grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Huan-hu-xi Road, Ti-Yuan-Bei, He XI Disrict, Tianjin, 30060 P.R. China ,grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Huan-hu-xi Road, Ti-Yuan-Bei, He XI Disrict, Tianjin, 30060 P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huan-hu-xi Road, Ti-Yuan-Bei, He XI Disrict, Tianjin, 30060 P.R. China ,grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Huan-hu-xi Road, Ti-Yuan-Bei, He XI Disrict, Tianjin, 30060 P.R. China ,grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Huan-hu-xi Road, Ti-Yuan-Bei, He XI Disrict, Tianjin, 30060 P.R. China
| | - Qi Qi
- grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huan-hu-xi Road, Ti-Yuan-Bei, He XI Disrict, Tianjin, 30060 P.R. China ,grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Huan-hu-xi Road, Ti-Yuan-Bei, He XI Disrict, Tianjin, 30060 P.R. China ,grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Huan-hu-xi Road, Ti-Yuan-Bei, He XI Disrict, Tianjin, 30060 P.R. China
| | - Changli Wang
- grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huan-hu-xi Road, Ti-Yuan-Bei, He XI Disrict, Tianjin, 30060 P.R. China ,grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Huan-hu-xi Road, Ti-Yuan-Bei, He XI Disrict, Tianjin, 30060 P.R. China ,grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Huan-hu-xi Road, Ti-Yuan-Bei, He XI Disrict, Tianjin, 30060 P.R. China
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Dai M, Liu M, Yang H, Küçük C, You H. New insights into epigenetic regulation of resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:101. [PMID: 36384676 PMCID: PMC9667634 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00356-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1) is a type of immune-inhibitory checkpoint protein, which delivers inhibitory signals to cytotoxic T cells by binding to the programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) displayed on the surface of cancer cells. Antibodies blocking PD-1/PD-L1 interaction have been extensively used in treatment of human malignancies and have achieved promising outcomes in recent years. However, gradual development of resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has decreased the effectiveness of this immunotherapy in cancer patients. The underlying epigenetic mechanisms need to be elucidated for application of novel strategies overcoming this immunotherapy resistance. Epigenetic aberrations contribute to cancerogenesis by promoting different hallmarks of cancer. Moreover, these alterations may lead to therapy resistance, thereby leading to poor prognosis. Recently, the epigenetic regulatory drugs have been shown to decrease the resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in certain cancer patients. Inhibitors of the non-coding RNAs, DNA methyltransferases, and histone deacetylases combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have shown considerable therapeutic efficacy against carcinomas as well as blood cancers. Importantly, DNA methylation-mediated epigenetic silencing can inhibit antigen processing and presentation, which promotes cancerogenesis and aggravates resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy. These observations altogether suggest that the combination of the epigenetic regulatory drugs with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors may present potential solution to the resistance caused by monotherapy of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.
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Shen J, Wang J, Zhen H, Liu Y, Li L, Luo Y, Hu J, Liu X, Li S, Hao Z, Li M, Zhao Z. MicroRNA-381 Regulates Proliferation and Differentiation of Caprine Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells by Targeting PTEN and JAG2. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113587. [PMID: 36362373 PMCID: PMC9656929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, microRNA (miR)-381 was found to be the most down-regulated miRNA in skeletal muscle of Liaoning cashmere goats with higher skeletal muscle mass, but the molecular mechanism involved remains unclear. In this study, primary caprine skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs) were isolated and identified. We investigated the effect of miR-381 on the viability, proliferation and differentiation of caprine SMSCs, and the target relationships of miR-381 with jagged canonical Notch ligand 2 (JAG2) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). Cells isolated were positive for SMSC-specific marker protein Pax7. This suggests that purified SMSCs were obtained. The expression level of miR-381 achieved a peak value on day 4 after SMSC differentiation, and miR-381 also significantly increased the expression levels of myogenic differentiation marker genes: myosin heavy chain (MyHC), myogenin (MyoG) and myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) in differentiated SMSCs, the area of MyHC-positive myotubes and the myogenic index. These findings suggest that miR-381 promoted myogenic differentiation of caprine SMSCs. The CCK8 assay and EDU staining analysis showed that miR-381 mimic both inhibited the viability of SMSCs and decreased the percentage of EDU-labeled positive SMSCs. In contrast, miR-381 inhibitor had the opposite effect with miR-381 mimic. A dual luciferase reporter assay verified that miR-381 can target JAG2 and PTEN by binding to the 3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTR) of the genes. The transfection of miR-381 mimic into caprine SMSCs resulted in decreases in expression levels of JAG2 and PTEN, while miR-381 inhibitor increased the two target genes in expression. This is the first study to reveal the biological mechanisms by which miR-381 regulates caprine SMSC activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiqing Wang
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-931-763-2469
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Sufianov A, Begliarzade S, Beilerli A, Liang Y, Ilyasova T, Beylerli O. Circular RNAs as biomarkers for lung cancer. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 8:83-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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CircRNA-Based Cervical Cancer Prognosis Model, Immunological Validation and Drug Prediction. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:7994-8018. [PMID: 36354693 PMCID: PMC9689098 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29110633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer (CC) is a common cancer in female, which is associated with problems like poor prognosis. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a kind of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that has an important role in regulating microRNA (miRNA) in many cancers. The regulatory mechanisms of CC immune microenvironment and the transcriptome level remain to be fully explored. METHODS In this study, we constructed the ceRNA network through the interaction data and expression matrix of circRNA, miRNA and mRNA. Meanwhile, based on the gene expression matrix, CIBERSORT algorithm was used to reveal contents of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). Then, we screened prognostic markers based on ceRNA network and immune infiltration and constructed two nomograms. In order to find immunological differences between the high- and low-risk CC samples, we examined multiple immune checkpoints and predicted the effect of PD-L1 ICI immunotherapy. In addition, the sensitive therapeutics for high-risk patients were screened, and the potential agents with anti-CC activity were predicted by Connective Map (CMap). RESULTS We mapped a ceRNA network including 5 circRNAs, 17 miRNAs and 129 mRNAs. From the mRNA nodes of the network six genes and two kind of cells were identified as prognostic makers for CC. Among them, there was a significant positive correlation between CD8+ T cells and SNX10 gene. The results of TIDE and single sample GSEA (ssGSEA) showed that T cells CD8 do play a key role in inhibiting tumor progression. Further, our study screened 24 drugs that were more sensitive to high-risk CC patients and several potential therapeutic agents for reference. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified several circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axes and six prognostic genes based on the ceRNA network. In addition, through TIIC, survival analysis and a series of immunological analyses, T cells were proved to be good prognostic markers, besides play an important role in the immune process. Finally, we screened 24 potentially more effective drugs and multiple potential drug compounds for high- and low-risk patients.
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Yu W, Liu R, Miao Z, Zhang L, Sheyhidin I, Ainiwaer J. The diagnostic significance of blood-derived circRNAs in NSCLC: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:987704. [PMID: 36353543 PMCID: PMC9638072 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.987704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Using blood-derived circular RNAs (circRNAs) may be an efficient tool for noninvasive fluid biopsy in diagnosing non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, no relevant systemic meta-analysis has been conducted so far to support the diagnostic value of using blood-derived circRNAs in NSCLC clinically. The aim of this study is to clarify the issue through a meta-analysis. Methods A systematic search strategy was used to search relevant literature in the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from 2017 to 2022. The relationship between the diagnostic accuracy of circRNAs and NSCLC was analyzed. For the purpose of evaluating the quality of the literature, Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) was used. Statistical analyses were assessed using Stata software (version 17.0) and META-DISC (version 1.4). Results The meta-analysis included 1,093 patients with NSCLC and 959 controls. Results are as follows: pooled sensitivity, 0.78 (95% CI = 0.71–0.83, I2 = 71.86); pooled specificity, 0.76 (95% CI = 0.70–0.82, I2 = 70.12); pooled positive likelihood ratio (PLR), 3.3 (95% CI = 2.6–4.2, I2 = 37.56); pooled negative likelihood ratio (NLR), 0.29 (95% CI = 0.23–0.37, I2 = 64.67); diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), 11.42 (95% CI = 7.88–16.56, I2 = 99.05); area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), 0.84 (95% CI = 0.80–0.87). Based on the subgroup analysis, it appears that the heterogeneity is primarily caused by the NSCLC subgroup. Conclusion circRNAs are highly useful diagnostic biomarkers for NSCLC in China. Further prospective studies on the diagnostic value of circRNAs should be conducted in multiple countries. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022323804.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Yu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ruixue Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhoulin Miao
- Radiology Department, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ilyar Sheyhidin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Julaiti Ainiwaer
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Julaiti Ainiwaer,
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Ren W, Yuan Y, Peng J, Mutti L, Jiang X. The function and clinical implication of circular RNAs in lung cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:862602. [PMID: 36338714 PMCID: PMC9629004 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.862602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the recent advent of promising new targeted therapies, lung cancer diagnostic strategies still have difficulty in identifying the disease at an early stage. Therefore, the characterizations of more sensible and specific cancer biomarkers have become an important goal for clinicians. Circular RNAs are covalently close, endogenous RNAs without 5' end caps or 3'poly (A) tails and have been characterized by high stability, abundance, and conservation as well as display cell/tissue/developmental stage-specific expressions. Numerous studies have confirmed that circRNAs act as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, RNA-binding protein, and transcriptional regulators; some circRNAs even act as translation templates that participate in multiple pathophysiological processes. Growing evidence have confirmed that circRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of lung cancers through the regulation of proliferation and invasion, cell cycle, autophagy, apoptosis, stemness, tumor microenvironment, and chemotherapy resistance. Moreover, circRNAs have emerged as potential biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis and targets for developing new treatments. In this review, we will summarize recent progresses in identifying the biogenesis, biological functions, potential mechanisms, and clinical applications of these molecules for lung cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Ren
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yixiao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Luciano Mutti
- The Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiulin Jiang
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Yan T, Tian X, Liu F, Liu Q, Sheng Q, Wu J, Jiang S. The emerging role of circular RNAs in drug resistance of non-small cell lung cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1003230. [PMID: 36303840 PMCID: PMC9592927 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1003230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the characteristics of aggressiveness and high risk of postoperative recurrence, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a serious hazard to human health, accounting for 85% of all lung cancer cases. Drug therapies, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, are effective treatments for NSCLC in clinics. However, most patients ultimately develop drug resistance, which is also the leading cause of treatment failure in cancer. To date, the mechanisms of drug resistance have yet to be fully elucidated, thus original strategies are developed to overcome this issue. Emerging studies have illustrated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) participate in the generation of therapeutic resistance in NSCLC. CircRNAs mediate the modulations of immune cells, cytokines, autophagy, ferroptosis and metabolism in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which play essential roles in the generation of drug resistance of NSCLC. More importantly, circRNAs function as miRNAs sponges to affect specific signaling pathways, directly leading to the generation of drug resistance. Consequently, this review highlights the mechanisms underlying the relationship between circRNAs and drug resistance in NSCLC. Additionally, several therapeutic drugs associated with circRNAs are summarized, aiming to provide references for circRNAs serving as potential therapeutic targets in overcoming drug resistance in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinghao Yan
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinchen Tian
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qingbin Liu
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qing Sheng
- School of Architecture and Fine Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Jianlin Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Jianlin Wu, ; Shulong Jiang,
| | - Shulong Jiang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Jianlin Wu, ; Shulong Jiang,
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Current Landscape of Therapeutic Resistance in Lung Cancer and Promising Strategies to Overcome Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194562. [PMID: 36230484 PMCID: PMC9558974 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite an initial response to therapy, many lung cancer patients inevitably develop resistance to therapy leading to decreased duration of response and success of treatment. Recent research aims to elucidate mechanisms of resistance in order to improve drug response and treatment outcomes. By utilizing multidisciplinary approaches that target various resistance mechanism, it may be possible to delay development of treatment resistance or even resensitize cancers. This review aims to discuss novel approaches to improve clinical outcomes, delay the occurrence of resistance, and overcome resistance. Abstract Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide with a 5-year survival rate of less than 18%. Current treatment modalities include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Despite advances in therapeutic options, resistance to therapy remains a major obstacle to the effectiveness of long-term treatment, eventually leading to therapeutic insensitivity, poor progression-free survival, and disease relapse. Resistance mechanisms stem from genetic mutations and/or epigenetic changes, unregulated drug efflux, tumor hypoxia, alterations in the tumor microenvironment, and several other cellular and molecular alterations. A better understanding of these mechanisms is crucial for targeting factors involved in therapeutic resistance, establishing novel antitumor targets, and developing therapeutic strategies to resensitize cancer cells towards treatment. In this review, we summarize diverse mechanisms driving resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, and promising strategies to help overcome this therapeutic resistance.
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CircFBXW7 Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Regulating miR-492. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:8699359. [PMID: 36117850 PMCID: PMC9477579 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8699359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background CircFBXW7 has been determined to be involved in various cancers; however, its role in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. This study examined the function and potential mechanism of circFBXW7 in NSCLC. Methods The structure of circFBXW7 was verified via RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. The expression of circFBXW7 in NSCLC was determined by qRT-PCR. The effect of circFBXW7 overexpression on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells was examined by CCK-8 and Transwell assays. Furthermore, a circFBXW7-miRNA network was established to explore their interaction. Predicted miRNA was determined by qRT-PCR. Moreover, the miRNA mimics were synthesized, wherein its effect on proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells overexpressed circFBXW7 was assessed. Results The circularity of circFBXW7 was verified. The expression of circFBXW7 was found to be downregulated in NSCLC cells compared with that in normal human lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells. Overexpression of circFBXW7 reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, according to the circFBXW7-miRNA network prediction and qRT-PCR validation, miR-492 was identified to be the target of circFBXW7. The inhibitory effect of circFBXW7 overexpression on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion was reversed by miR-492 mimics. Conclusion CircFBXW7 is downregulated in NSCLC. CircFBXW7 inhibits NSCLC cells proliferation, migration, and invasion by regulating miR-492.
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Nengroo MA, Khan MA, Verma A, Datta D. Demystifying the CXCR4 conundrum in cancer biology: Beyond the surface signaling paradigm. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188790. [PMID: 36058380 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The oncogenic chemokine duo CXCR4-CXCL12/SDF-1 (C-X-C Receptor 4-C-X-C Ligand 12/ Stromal-derived factor 1) has been the topic of intense scientific disquisitions since Muller et al., in her ground-breaking research, described this axis as a critical determinant of organ-specific metastasis in breast cancer. Elevated CXCR4 levels correlate with distant metastases, poor prognosis, and unfavourable outcomes in most solid tumors. Therapeutic impediment of the axis in clinics with Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved inhibitors like AMD3100 or Plerixafor yield dubious results, contrary to pre-clinical developments. Clinical trials entailing inhibition of CXCR7 (C-X-C Receptor 7), another convicted chemokine receptor that exhibits affinity for CXCL12, reveal outcomes analogous to that of CXCR4-CXCL12 axis blockade. Of note, the cellular CXCR4 knockout phenotype varies largely from that of inhibitor treatments. These shaky findings pique great curiosity to delve further into the realm of this infamous chemokine receptor to provide a probable explanation. A multitude of recent reports suggests the presence of an increased intracellular CXCR4 pool in various cancers, both cytoplasmic and nuclear. This intracellular CXCR4 protein reserve seems active as it correlates with vital tumor attributes, viz. prognosis, aggressiveness, metastasis, and disease-free survival. Diminishing this entire intracellular CXCR4 load apart from the surface signals looks encouraging from a therapeutic point of view. Transcending beyond the classically accepted concept of ligand-mediated surface signaling, this review sheds new light on plausible associations of intracellularly compartmentalised CXCR4 with various aspects of tumorigenesis. Besides, this review also puts forward a comprehensive account of CXCR4 regulation in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushtaq Ahmad Nengroo
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Muqtada Ali Khan
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Ayushi Verma
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Dipak Datta
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India.
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Circular RNA Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Progression by Targeting MicroRNA-532-3p/PIK3CB Axis. Pancreas 2022; 51:930-942. [PMID: 36607937 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to explore the contribution and mechanism of circular RNA fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (circFGFR1) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) progression. METHODS Expressions of circFGFR1, microRNA (miR)-532-3p, and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta (PIK3CB) were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or in situ hybridization. Fluorescence in situ hybridization determined the subcellular localization of circFGFR1. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect PIK3CB expression in PDAC tissues. Cell growth was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and colony formation assays. Wound healing, transwell, and flow cytometry assays examined the migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Dual-luciferase and RNA pull-down assay verified the interactions between circFGFR1/PIK3CB and miR-532-3p. In vivo xenograft tumor growth and lung metastasis were assessed in nude mice. RESULTS Functionally, knockdown of circFGFR1 restrained in vitro PDAC cell growth, migration, invasion, and in vivo xenograft tumor growth and lung metastasis. In addition, circFGFR1 could sponge miR-532-3p to upregulate PIK3CB level. Rescue experiments revealed that the tumor-suppressive effects caused by miR-532-3p mimics could be reversed by circFGFR1 or PIK3CB overexpression. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed that circFGFR1 driven the malignant progression of PDAC by targeting miR-532-3p/PIK3CB axis, suggesting that inhibition of circFGFR1 might be considered as a therapeutic target for PDAC.
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Ye R, Lu X, Liu J, Duan Q, Xiao J, Duan X, Yue Z, Liu F. CircSOD2 Contributes to Tumor Progression, Immune Evasion and Anti-PD-1 Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Targeting miR-497-5p/ANXA11 Axis. Biochem Genet 2022; 61:597-614. [PMID: 36008700 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10273-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) can function as functional molecules in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, circRNA superoxide dismutase 2 (circSOD2) was researched in HCC progression and immune system. The real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used for quantification of circSOD2, microRNA-497-5p (miR-497-5p) and Annexin A11 (ANXA11). Cell assays were performed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and colony formation assays for proliferation, flow cytometry for apoptosis and cell cycle, wound healing assay for migration and transwell assay for migration/invasion. ANXA11 and metastatic protein levels were measured by western blot. Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were performed to analyze target binding. CD8+ T cell immunity was assessed by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay, and the effect of circSOD2 on programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD-1) therapy was evaluated by mice xenograft assay. CircSOD2 was upregulated in HCC tissues and cells. Knockdown of circSOD2 resulted in HCC cell growth inhibition, apoptosis promotion, cell cycle arrest and metastasis suppression. Mechanically, circSOD2 promoted HCC development by acting as a miR-497-5p sponge and miR-497-5p played a tumor-inhibitory role in HCC cells by targeting ANXA11. Moreover, circSOD2 induced upregulation of ANXA11 expression by interacting with miR-497-5p. Also, the promoting effects of circSOD2 on immune evasion and anti-PD-1 resistance were related to miR-497-5p/ANXA11 axis. This study elucidated the pivotal function of circSOD2 in HCC progression and immunosuppression by mediating miR-497-6p/ANXA11 axis. CircSOD2/miR-497-5p/ANXA11 axis was a novel view of circRNA research in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ye
- Department of General Surgery 3, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 128 Jinling Road, Jingkai District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- Outpatient department, Ganzhou City Third People's Hospital, Ganzhou, 341001, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of General Surgery 3, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 128 Jinling Road, Jingkai District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of General Surgery 3, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 128 Jinling Road, Jingkai District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Junqi Xiao
- Department of General Surgery 3, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 128 Jinling Road, Jingkai District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xunhong Duan
- Department of General Surgery 3, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 128 Jinling Road, Jingkai District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Zhibiao Yue
- Department of General Surgery 3, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 128 Jinling Road, Jingkai District, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Fengen Liu
- Department of General Surgery 3, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 128 Jinling Road, Jingkai District, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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