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Mao YW, Chu KF, Song P, Wang AJ, Zhao T, Feng JJ. Atomically dispersed bimetallic active sites as H 2O 2 self-supplied nanozyme for effective chemodynamic therapy, chemotherapy and starvation therapy. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 162:213919. [PMID: 38861801 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is severely hindered by insufficient intracellular H2O2 level that seriously deteriorates antitumor efficacy, albeit with its extensively experimental and theoretical research. Herein, we designed atomically dispersed FeCo dual active sites anchored in porous carbon polyhedra (termed FeCo/PCP), followed by loading with glucose oxidase (GOx) and anticancer doxorubicin (DOX), named FeCo/PCP-GOx-DOX, which converted glucose into toxic hydroxyl radicals. The loaded GOx can either decompose glucose to self-supply H2O2 or provide fewer nutrients to feed the tumor cells. The as-prepared nanozyme exhibited the enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity at high glucose by contrast with those at less or even free of glucose, suggesting sufficient accumulation of H2O2 and continual transformation to OH for CDT. Besides, the FeCo/PCP-GOx-DOX can subtly integrate starvation therapy, the FeCo/PCP-initiated CDT, and DOX-inducible chemotherapy (CT), greatly enhancing the therapeutic efficacy than each monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Wen Mao
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Life Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Kai-Fei Chu
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Life Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Pei Song
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Life Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Ai-Jun Wang
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Life Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Tiejun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
| | - Jiu-Ju Feng
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Life Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
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Chen T, Duan Y, Dai W, Guo W, Jing P, Ma S, Mao C, Wan M, Zhang S. Carbon monoxide-releasing nanomotors based on endogenous biochemical reactions for tumor therapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 663:396-404. [PMID: 38412725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The lack of selective release ability in the tumor microenvironment and the limited efficacy of monotherapy are important factors that limit the current use of carbon monoxide (CO) donors for tumor therapy. Herein, inspired by endogenous biochemical reactions in vivo, one kind of CO-releasing nanomotor was designed for the multimodal synergistic treatment of tumor. Specifically, glucose oxidase (GOx) and 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) were co-modified onto metal-organic framework material (MIL-101) to obtain MIL-GOx-ALA nanomotors (M-G-A NMs), which exhibit excellent biocompatibility and degradation ability in tumor microenvironment. Subsequently, the released 5-ALA generates CO in the tumor microenvironment through an endogenous reaction and further acts on mitochondria to release large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which directly kill tumor cells. Furthermore, the produced ROS and the degradation products of M-G-A NMs can also provide the reaction substrate for the Fenton reaction, thereby enhancing chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and inducing apoptosis of tumor cells. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental data confirm the successful occurrence of the above process, and the combination of CO gas therapy/enhanced CDT can effectively inhibit tumor growth. This CDT-enhancing agent designed based on endogenous biochemical reactions has good prospects for tumor treatment application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Chen
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Duan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenjun Dai
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenyan Guo
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Pengshen Jing
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shenglin Ma
- Molecular Diagnostic Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Chun Mao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Institute for Life and Health, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Mimi Wan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Institute for Life and Health, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Shirong Zhang
- Molecular Diagnostic Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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Li B, Jiao S, Guo S, Xiao T, Zeng Y, Hu Y, Li X, Xiong S, Xu Y. Deep eutectic solvent self-assembled reverse nanomicelles for transdermal delivery of sparingly soluble drugs. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:272. [PMID: 38773580 PMCID: PMC11106993 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02552-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transdermal delivery of sparingly soluble drugs is challenging due to their low solubility and poor permeability. Deep eutectic solvent (DES)/or ionic liquid (IL)-mediated nanocarriers are attracting increasing attention. However, most of them require the addition of auxiliary materials (such as surfactants or organic solvents) to maintain the stability of formulations, which may cause skin irritation and potential toxicity. RESULTS We fabricated an amphiphilic DES using natural oxymatrine and lauric acid and constructed a novel self-assembled reverse nanomicelle system (DES-RM) based on the features of this DES. Synthesized DESs showed the broad liquid window and significantly solubilized a series of sparingly soluble drugs, and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models with good prediction ability were further built. The experimental and molecular dynamics simulation elucidated that the self-assembly of DES-RM was adjusted by noncovalent intermolecular forces. Choosing triamcinolone acetonide (TA) as a model drug, the skin penetration studies revealed that DES-RM significantly enhanced TA penetration and retention in comparison with their corresponding DES and oil. Furthermore, in vivo animal experiments demonstrated that TA@DES-RM exhibited good anti-psoriasis therapeutic efficacy as well as biocompatibility. CONCLUSIONS The present study offers innovative insights into the optimal design of micellar nanodelivery system based on DES combining experiments and computational simulations and provides a promising strategy for developing efficient transdermal delivery systems for sparingly soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Siwen Jiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shiqi Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yao Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yingwei Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Sha Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuehong Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Li X, Shen M, Yang J, Liu L, Yang YW. Pillararene-Based Stimuli-Responsive Supramolecular Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313317. [PMID: 38206943 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Cancer poses a significant challenge to global public health, seriously threatening human health and life. Although various therapeutic strategies, such as chemotherapy (CT), radiotherapy, phototherapy, and starvation therapy, are applied to cancer treatment, their limited therapeutic effect, severe side effects, and unsatisfactory drug release behavior need to be carefully considered. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop efficient drug delivery strategies for improving cancer treatment efficacy and realizing on-demand drug delivery. Notably, pillararenes, as an emerging class of supramolecular macrocycles, possess unique properties of highly tunable structures, superior host-guest chemistry, facile modification, and good biocompatibility, which are widely used in cancer therapy to achieve controllable drug release and reduce the toxic side effects on normal tissues under various internal/external stimuli conditions. This review summarizes the recent advance of stimuli-responsive supramolecular delivery systems (SDSs) based on pillararenes for tumor therapy from the perspectives of different assembly methods and hybrid materials, including molecular-scale SDSs, supramolecular nano self-assembly delivery systems, and nanohybrid SDSs. Moreover, the prospects and critical challenges of stimuli-responsive SDSs based on pillararenes for cancer therapy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Chemistry and School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Meili Shen
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Chemistry and School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Wei Yang
- College of Chemistry and School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
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Qi G, Shi G, Wang S, Hu H, Zhang Z, Yin Q, Li Z, Hao L. A Novel pH-Responsive Iron Oxide Core-Shell Magnetic Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle (M-MSN) System Encapsulating Doxorubicin (DOX) and Glucose Oxidase (Gox) for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7133-7147. [PMID: 38054080 PMCID: PMC10695029 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s436253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study developed a pancreatic cancer targeted drug delivery system that responds to changes in acidity. The system was based on iron oxide core-shell magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (M-MSNs) to treat pancreatic cancer through combined chemotherapy and starvation therapy. Methods Glucose oxidase (Gox) was coupled to the cancer cell surface to reduce glucose availability for cancer cells, exacerbating the heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment. Reduced pH accelerated the depolymerization of pH-sensitive polydopamine (PDA), thereby controlling the spatial distribution of Gox and release of doxorubicin (DOX) within tumor cells. Results Characterization results showed the successful synthesis of DG@M-MSN-PDA-PEG-FA (DG@NPs) with a diameter of 66.02 ± 3.6 nm. In vitro data indicated DG@NPs were highly effective and stable with good cellular uptake shown by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). DG@NPs exhibited high cytotoxicity and induced apoptosis. Additionally, in vivo experiments confirmed DG@NPs effectively inhibited tumor growth in nude mice with good biosafety. The combination of starvation therapy and chemotherapy facilitated drug release, suggesting DG@NPs as a novel drug delivery system for pancreatic cancer treatment. Conclusion This study successfully constructed a doxorubicin release system responsive to acidity changes for targeted delivery in pancreatic cancer, providing a new strategy for combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqiang Qi
- Department of Molecular Imaging, School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangyue Shi
- Department of Molecular Imaging, School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengchao Wang
- Department of Molecular Imaging, School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Hu
- Medical Imaging Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhichen Zhang
- Department of Molecular Imaging, School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiangqiang Yin
- Department of Molecular Imaging, School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongtao Li
- Department of Molecular Imaging, School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liguo Hao
- Department of Molecular Imaging, School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Molecular Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161041, People’s Republic of China
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Wu S, Yan M, Liang M, Yang W, Chen J, Zhou J. Supramolecular host-guest nanosystems for overcoming cancer drug resistance. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:805-827. [PMID: 38263983 PMCID: PMC10804391 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Cancer drug resistance has become one of the main challenges for the failure of chemotherapy, greatly limiting the selection and use of anticancer drugs and dashing the hopes of cancer patients. The emergence of supramolecular host-guest nanosystems has brought the field of supramolecular chemistry into the nanoworld, providing a potential solution to this challenge. Compared with conventional chemotherapeutic platforms, supramolecular host-guest nanosystems can reverse cancer drug resistance by increasing drug uptake, reducing drug efflux, activating drugs, and inhibiting DNA repair. Herein, we summarize the research progress of supramolecular host-guest nanosystems for overcoming cancer drug resistance and discuss the future research direction in this field. It is hoped that this review will provide more positive references for overcoming cancer drug resistance and promoting the development of supramolecular host-guest nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China
| | - Miaomiao Yan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China
| | - Minghao Liang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenzhi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiong Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
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Lu B, Xia J, Huang Y, Yao Y. The design strategy for pillararene based active targeted drug delivery systems. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12091-12099. [PMID: 37740359 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04021f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Pillararenes have columnar architectures with electron-rich cavities to endow themselves with unique host-guest complexation capability. Easy structural modifiability facilitates them to be used in many applications. Currently, pillararene based drug delivery systems (DDSs) have been developed as a powerful tool for precise diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Various functional guest molecules could be integrated with pillararenes to construct nanomaterials for cancer chemotherapy, phototherapy and chemodynamic therapy. In order to improve cancer therapy efficacy, active targeted DDSs have become particularly important. Benefiting from the good host-guest properties and structural variability of pillararenes, tumor targeting groups could be easily introduced into pillararene based DDSs to realize precise drug delivery at tumor sites. In this feature article, we provide a comprehensive summary of the present design strategy for pillararene based active targeted DDSs, which can be classified into three types namely host-guest complexation, charge reversal and targeted group modified pillararenes. Some important examples are selected to for a detailed discussion on their respective strengths and weaknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China.
| | - Jiachen Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China.
| | - Yuying Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China.
| | - Yong Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China.
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Wang J, Zhang Z, Chen Y. Supramolecular immunotherapy on diversiform immune cells. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8347-8367. [PMID: 37563947 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00924f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular immunotherapy employs supramolecular materials to stimulate the immune system for inhibiting tumor cell growth and metastasis, reducing the cancer recurrence rate, and improving the quality of the patient's life. Additionally, it can lessen patient suffering and the deterioration of their illness, as well as increase their survival rate. This paper will outline the fundamentals of tumor immunotherapy based on supramolecular materials as well as its current state of development and potential applications. To be more specific, we will first introduce the basic principles of supramolecular immunotherapy, including the processes, advantages and limitations of immunotherapy, the construction of supramolecular material structures, and its benefits in treatment. Second, considering the targeting of supramolecular drugs to immune cells, we comprehensively discuss the unique advantages of applying supramolecular drugs with different types of immune cells in tumor immunotherapy. The current research advances in supramolecular immunotherapy, including laboratory research and clinical applications, are also described in detail. Finally, we reveal the tremendous promise of supramolecular materials in tumor immunotherapy, as well as discuss the opportunities and challenges that may be faced in future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China
| | - Yueyue Chen
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China
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林 晓, 黄 马, 陈 君, 周 逊, 钟 卓, 陆 文, 黄 显, 刘 添. [Manganese-based nanoparticles for chemodynamic therapy of gastrointestinal cancer]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:1432-1439. [PMID: 37712282 PMCID: PMC10505582 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.08.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the physicochemical features of glucose oxidase-loaded and manganese-based mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN@Mn-GOx) and its antitumor effect against gastrointestinal cancer. METHODS The morphology, particle size and Fenton-like properties of MSN@Mn-GOx nanoparticles were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Zeta potential analysis, ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A mouse model bearing human colon cancer HT-29 xenograft was established to examine the antitumor effect of MSN@Mn-GOx using MRI imaging. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production assay, CCK-8 assay and EdU assay were used to evaluate the in vitro anti-tumor effect of the nanoparticles. RESULTS MSN@Mn-GOx nanoparticles were solid spheres with a diameter of about 100 nm and a Zeta potential of -35 mV. MSN@Mn-GOx had a higher H2O2 catalytic efficiency in glucose containing solution than in glucose-free solution, and showed a stronger Fenton-like properties at pH6.0 than at pH7.4 (P<0.05). In the tumor-bearing mice, MSN@Mn-GOx treatment dose-dependently enhanced T1 imaging of the tumor (P<0.01). Compared with the control group and MSN@Mn group, MSN@Mn-GOx induced a significantly higher level of ROS production and a stronger inhibitory effect on the proliferation of gastric and colon cancer cells (P<0.05). CONCLUSION MSN@Mn-GOx nanoparticles have good chemodynamic properties and a strong anti-tumor effect and provide a potential therapeutic option for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- 晓丰 林
- 广州中医药大学第二附属医院脾胃病科, 广东 广州 510515Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 马养 黄
- 广州中医药大学第二附属医院脾胃病科, 广东 广州 510515Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 君千 陈
- 广州中医药大学第二附属医院脾胃病科, 广东 广州 510515Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 逊 周
- 广州中医药大学第二附属医院脾胃病科, 广东 广州 510515Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 卓丹 钟
- 广州中医药大学第二附属医院脾胃病科, 广东 广州 510515Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 文聪 陆
- 广东省妇幼保健院儿科, 广东 广州 510515Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Women and Children's Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 显莹 黄
- 南方医科大学南方医院血管介入科, 广东 广州 510515Department of Vascular Interventional Therapy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 添文 刘
- 广州中医药大学第二附属医院脾胃病科, 广东 广州 510515Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Di X, Pei Z, Pei Y, James TD. Tumor microenvironment-oriented MOFs for chemodynamic therapy. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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11
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Wang Y, Tang R, Zhang Y, Dai Y, Zhou Q, Zhou Y, Yan CG, Lu B, Wang J, Yao Y. Pillar[5]arene-Derived Terpyridinepalladium(II) Complex: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in Green Catalysis. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:7605-7610. [PMID: 37162421 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticle catalysts have attracted great interest because they possess high surface-to-volume ratios and exhibit a very large number of catalytically active sites per unit area. However, high surface-to-volume ratios will induce nanoparticle aggregates during the catalytic reactions, making them lose their catalytic activity. In this work, a monoterpyridine-unit-functionalized pillar[5]arene (TP5) was synthesized successfully, which can be used as anchoring sites for the controllable preparation of well-dispersed palladium nanoparticles [TP5/Pd(0) NPs]. The as-prepared TP5/Pd(0) NPs were fully characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction. Importantly, the ultrafine TP5/Pd(0) NPs are found to be excellent and reusable catalysts for the reduction of nitrophenols in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
| | - Ruowen Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
| | - Yu Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
| | - Qixiang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
| | - Youjun Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P. R. China
| | - Chao-Guo Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P. R. China
| | - Bing Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
| | - Yong Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
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12
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Chao S, Shen Z, Li B, Pei Y, Pei Z. An L-arginine-functionalized pillar[5]arene-based supramolecular photosensitizer for synergistically enhanced cancer therapeutic effectiveness. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3455-3458. [PMID: 36866731 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00123g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
An L-arginine-functionalized pillar[5]arene-based supramolecular photosensitizer LAP5⊃NBSPD was constructed by host-guest interactions, which could self-assemble into nano-micelles to achieve effective delivery and selective release of LAP5 and NBS in cancer cells. In vitro studies revealed that LAP5⊃NBSPD NPs exhibited excellent cancer cell membrane disruption and ROS generation properties, which provides a novel route for synergistically enhanced cancer therapeutic effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Chao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China.
- College of Plant protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ziyan Shen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Bowen Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Yuxin Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Zhichao Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China.
- College of Plant protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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13
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Yao H, Hu YP, Yang HR, Yang BH, Wang JW, Zhang YM, Wei TB, Lin Q. Ion recognition properties of 2,2'-bibenzimidazole regulated by ammonium-modified pillar[5]arenes. Analyst 2023; 148:1221-1226. [PMID: 36762553 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00095h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing issues of environmental degradation and health problem, the selective detection of toxic ions has attracted considerable attention from researchers. Chemical fluorescent sensors with the advantages of facile operation, high sensitivity, rapid response, and easy visualization are emerging as powerful detection tools towards ions. However, the selective recognition of ions is always hindered by the presence of other interfering substances. Herein, we show that supramolecular host-guest interaction based on a pillar[5]arene provides a new opportunity to regulate the ionic recognition properties of guest molecules. A pillar[5]arene-based host-guest complex HG was constructed through the host-guest interaction between ammonium functionalized pillar[5]arene (HAP5) and 2,2'-bibenzimidazole (G). The host-gust complex HG can realize the successive, highly selective, and sensitive detection of specific ions. It was found that only in the presence of HAP5, the sensitivity towards cations was evidently enhanced, and selective successive recognition for I- and HSO4- was achieved. Those results indicate that the introduction of HAP5 can effectively improve the ion recognition performance of 2,2'-bibenzimidazole, so it is a feasible strategy using supramolecular host-guest interaction to regulate the ionic recognition properties of guest molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Yin-Ping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Hao-Ran Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Bao-Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Jin-Wang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - You-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Tai-Bao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Qi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
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14
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Wang Y, Tang R, Wang D, Wang J, Huang Y, Ding Y, Lu B, Sun Y, Stang PJ, Yao Y. Platinum(II)-Metallaclip-Based Theranostics for Cell Imaging and Synergetic Chemotherapy-Photodynamic Therapy. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1786-1790. [PMID: 35767467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular coordination complexes formed by coordination-induced assembly not only avoid the loss of activity of precursors but also provide an efficient way for controlled release, which can be further used in various fields of biology such as drug delivery, cell imaging, and tumor treatment. In this work, a PtII metallaclip (4) was prepared from 4-[4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)phenyl]pyridine (1), 5,10,15-triphenyl-20-(pyridin-4-yl)porphyrin (2), 90o Pt, and glycol-chain-modified isophthalic acid (3) in an acetone/water mixture through the "coordination-driven self-assembly" method. 31P and 1H NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry were used to characterize the obtained metallaclip 4. 4 can self-assemble into fluorescent nanostructures in aqueous solution because of the tetraphenylethylene unit and its amphiphilic nature. Importantly, the fluorescent nanoparticles not only can be employed for cell imaging but also can generate singlet oxygen (1O2) under 660 nm laser irradiation and the release of Pt drug in the tumor issue for cancer therapy. The work may provide a new way for scientists to construct functional biomaterials with multiple applications via molecular self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
| | - Ruowen Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
| | - Yuying Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
| | - Yue Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
| | - Bing Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States.,Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Peter J Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Yong Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
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15
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Yan M, Zhou J. Pillararene-Based Supramolecular Polymers for Cancer Therapy. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031470. [PMID: 36771136 PMCID: PMC9919256 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular polymers have attracted considerable interest due to their intriguing features and functions. The dynamic reversibility of noncovalent interactions endows supramolecular polymers with tunable physicochemical properties, self-healing, and externally stimulated responses. Among them, pillararene-based supramolecular polymers show great potential for biomedical applications due to their fascinating host-guest interactions and easy modification. Herein, we summarize the state of the art of pillararene-based supramolecular polymers for cancer therapy and illustrate its developmental trend and future perspective.
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16
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Li Z, Shen Z, Pei Y, Chao S, Pei Z. Covalently bridged pillararene-based polymers: structures, synthesis, and applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:989-1005. [PMID: 36621829 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05594e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Covalently bridged pillararene-based polymers (CBPPs) are a special class of macrocycle-based polymers in which multiple pillararene monomers are attached to the polymer structures by covalent bonds. Owing to the unique molecular structures including the connection components or the spatial structures, CBPPs have become increasingly popular in applications ranging from environmental science to biomedical science. In this review, CBPPs are divided into three types (linear polymers, grafted polymers, and cross-linked polymers) according to their structural characteristics and described from the perspective of synthesis methods comprehensively. In addition, the applications of CBPPs are presented, including selective adsorption and separation, fluorescence sensing and detection, construction of supramolecular gels, anticancer drug delivery, artificial light-harvesting, catalysis, and others. Finally, the current challenging issues and comprehensive prospects of CBPPs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanghuan Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyan Shen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Yuxin Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Shuang Chao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China. .,College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhichao Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China. .,College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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17
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Yao Y, Li Z, Zhao R. Editorial: Supramolecular cancer therapeutic biomaterials. Front Chem 2023; 11:1162103. [PMID: 36936528 PMCID: PMC10020698 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1162103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhengtao Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ruibo Zhao
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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18
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Mohammed DF, Madlool HA, Faris M, Shalan BH, Hasan HH, Azeez NF, Abbas FH. Harnessing inorganic nanomaterials for chemodynamic cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:1891-1906. [PMID: 36647807 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The most important aspect of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is the harnessing of Fenton or Fenton-like chemistry for cancer therapy within the tumor microenvironment, which occurs because of the moderate acidity and overexpressed H2O2 in the tumor microenvironment. Hydroxyl radicals (•OH) produced within tumor cells via Fenton and Fenton-like reactions cause cancer cell death. Reactive oxygen species-mediated CDT demonstrates a desired anticancer impact without the need for external stimulation or the development of drug resistance. Cancer therapy based on CDT is known as a viable cancer therapy modality. This review discusses the most recent CDT advancements and provides some typical instances. As a result, potential methods for further improving CDT efficiency under the guidance of Fenton chemistry are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhelal F Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Hussein A Madlool
- Radiological Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Faris
- Department of Dentistry, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Bashar Hadi Shalan
- Anesthesia Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Huda Hadi Hasan
- Department of Business Administration, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Nidaa F Azeez
- Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Fatima Hashim Abbas
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
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19
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Zhong H, Li L, Zhu S, Wang Y. Controllable self-assembly of thiophene-based π-conjugated molecule and further construction of pillar[5]arene-based host-guest white-light emission system. Front Chem 2022; 10:980173. [PMID: 36118325 PMCID: PMC9478560 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.980173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoluminescence materials have been widely applied in biological imaging and sensing, anti-counterfeiting, light-emitting diodes, logic gates et al. The fabrication of luminescent materials with adjustable emission color by self-assembly of π-conjugated molecules has attracted particular attention. In this study, we designed and synthesized a thiophene-based α-cyanostyrene-derivative (TPPA), then investigate its self-assembly morphology and fluorescence emission under different organic solvents, different proportions of H2O/THF (DMSO) mixture and different pH conditions by UV, FL and SEM images. It was found that TPPA formed nanoparticles by self-assembly in organic solvent (THF or DMSO), accompanied by strong fluorescence emission. However, with the increase of water ratio, the fluorescence intensity decreased accompany with red shift, and the self-assembly morphology changed from nanoparticles to fibers. More interestingly, when pillar[5]arene (P5) was added to form host-guest complex with TPPA, white light emission could be successfully constructed when the ratio of TPPA to P5 was 1:20 and THF to water was 19:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Zhong
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Liang Li, ; Shajun Zhu, ; Yang Wang,
| | - Shajun Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Liang Li, ; Shajun Zhu, ; Yang Wang,
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Liang Li, ; Shajun Zhu, ; Yang Wang,
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20
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Li ZL, Wu H, Zhu JQ, Sun LY, Tong XM, Huang DS, Yang T. Novel Strategy for Optimized Nanocatalytic Tumor Therapy: From an Updated View. SMALL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202200024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Li Li
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College) Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
- School of Public Health Hangzhou Medical College Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University) Shanghai 200438 China
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Clinical Research Institute Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College) Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
- School of Public Health Hangzhou Medical College Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University) Shanghai 200438 China
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Clinical Research Institute Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Jia-Qi Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
| | - Li-Yang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College) Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
- School of Public Health Hangzhou Medical College Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
| | - Xiang-Min Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College) Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
- School of Public Health Hangzhou Medical College Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
| | - Dong-Sheng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College) Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
- School of Public Health Hangzhou Medical College Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
| | - Tian Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College) Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
- School of Public Health Hangzhou Medical College Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014 China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University) Shanghai 200438 China
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Clinical Research Institute Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University Shanghai 200438 China
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