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Hedayatipour M, Etemadi S, Hekmat SN, Moosavi A. Challenges of using evidence in managerial decision-making of the primary health care system. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:38. [PMID: 38183009 PMCID: PMC10770934 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Managerial Evidence-Based Decision-Making [EBDM] in the primary is a systematic approach that directs the decision-maker in a conscientious, explicit, and judicious utilization of reliable and best evidence based on the professional experiences and preferences of stakeholders and patients from various sources. This study aimed to investigate the challenges primary healthcare managers encounter while undertaking decision-making processes. METHOD A systematic review was conducted in 2022 with the aim of identifying and collecting all qualitative articles pertaining to evidence-based decision-making in the primary healthcare system. To achieve this, a meticulous search was conducted using the relevant keywords, including primary health care and evidence-based decision making, as well as their corresponding synonyms, across the databases Web of Science, Scopus, and Pubmed. Importantly, there were no limitations imposed on the timeframe for the search. To carefully analyze and consolidate the findings of this systematic review, the meta-synthesis approach was employed. RESULTS A total of 22 articles were assessed in this systematic review study. The results revealed the main categories including evidence nature, EBDM barriers, utilizing evidence, decision-makers ability, organizational structure, evidence-based, EBDM support, communication for EBDM, evidence sides, EBDM skill development, public health promotion, and health system performance improvement. CONCLUSION The primary healthcare system is crucial in improving health outcomes and ensuring access to healthcare services for all individuals. This study explored the utilization of evidence-based EBDM within the primary healthcare system. We identified five key dimensions: causal, contextual, and intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences of EBDM as a core phenomenon. The findings will help policymakers and administrators comprehend the importance of evidence-based decision-making, ultimately leading to enhanced decision quality, community well-being, and efficiency within the healthcare system. EBDM entails considering the best reliable evidence, and incorporating community preferences while also exploiting the professional expertise and experiences of decision-makers. This systematic review has the potential to provide guidance for future reforms and enhance the quality of decision-making at the managerial level in primary healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Hedayatipour
- Department of Healthcare Management, Policy and Economics, Faculty of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sina Etemadi
- Department of Healthcare Management, Policy and Economics, Faculty of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Somayeh Noori Hekmat
- Department of Healthcare Management, Policy and Economics, Faculty of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Alisadat Moosavi
- Department of Medical Library & Information Sciences, Faculty of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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McCrabb S, Hall A, Milat A, Bauman A, Hodder R, Mooney K, Webb E, Barnes C, Yoong S, Sutherland R, Wolfenden L. Disseminating health research to public health policy-makers and practitioners: a survey of source, message content and delivery modality preferences. Health Res Policy Syst 2023; 21:121. [PMID: 38012773 PMCID: PMC10680334 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-023-01066-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the views of policy-makers and practitioners regarding how best to communicate research evidence is important to support research use in their decision-making. AIM To quantify and describe public health policy-makers and practitioners' views regarding the source, content and form of messages describing public health research findings to inform their decision-making. We also sought to examine differences in preferences between public health policy-makers and practitioners. METHODS A cross sectional, value-weighting survey of policy-makers and practitioners was conducted. Participants were asked to allocate a proportion of 100 points across different (i) sources of research evidence, (ii) message content and (iii) the form in which evidence is presented. Points were allocated based on their rating of influence, usefulness and preference when making decisions about health policy or practice. RESULTS A total of 186 survey responses were received from 90 policy-makers and 96 practitioners. Researchers and government department agencies were the most influential source of research evidence based on mean allocation of points, followed by knowledge brokers, professional peers and associations. Mean point allocation for perceived usefulness of message content was highest for simple summary of key findings and implications, and then evidence-based recommendations and data and statistical summaries. Finally, based on mean scores, policy-makers and practitioners preferred to receive research evidence in the form of peer-reviewed publications, reports, evidence briefs and plain language summaries. There were few differences in scores between policy-makers and practitioners across source, message content or form assessments or those with experience in different behavioural areas. CONCLUSIONS The findings should provide a basis for the future development and optimization of dissemination strategies to this important stakeholder group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam McCrabb
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2305, Australia.
| | - Alix Hall
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2305, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
| | - Andrew Milat
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence, NSW Ministry of Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebecca Hodder
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
| | - Kaitlin Mooney
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Emily Webb
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Courtney Barnes
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
| | - Serene Yoong
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, 3122, Australia
- Global Nutrition and Preventive Health, Institute of Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Rachel Sutherland
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
| | - Luke Wolfenden
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2305, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
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El-Jardali F, Bou-Karroum L, Hilal N, Hammoud M, Hemadi N, Assal M, Kalach N, Harb A, Azzopardi-Muscat N, Sy TR, Novillo-Ortiz D. Knowledge management tools and mechanisms for evidence-informed decision-making in the WHO European Region: a scoping review. Health Res Policy Syst 2023; 21:113. [PMID: 37907919 PMCID: PMC10619313 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-023-01058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge management (KM) emerged as a strategy to promote evidence-informed decision-making. This scoping review aims to map existing KM tools and mechanisms used to promote evidence-informed health decision-making in the WHO European Region and identify knowledge gaps. METHODS Following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidance for conducting scoping reviews, we searched Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane library, and Open Grey. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the general characteristics of the included papers and conducted narrative analysis of the included studies and categorized studies according to KM type and phase. RESULTS Out of 9541 citations identified, we included 141 studies. The KM tools mostly assessed are evidence networks, surveillance tools, observatories, data platforms and registries, with most examining KM tools in high-income countries of the WHO European region. Findings suggest that KM tools can identify health problems, inform health planning and resource allocation, increase the use of evidence by policymakers and stimulate policy discussion. CONCLUSION Policymakers and funding agencies are called to support capacity-building activities, and future studies to strengthen KM in the WHO European region particularly in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. An updated over-arching strategy to coordinate KM activities in the WHO European region will be useful in these efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi El-Jardali
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Knowledge to Policy Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lama Bou-Karroum
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Knowledge to Policy Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadeen Hilal
- Knowledge to Policy Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maya Hammoud
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nour Hemadi
- Knowledge to Policy Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Michelle Assal
- Knowledge to Policy Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nour Kalach
- Knowledge to Policy Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Aya Harb
- Knowledge to Policy Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Natasha Azzopardi-Muscat
- Division of Country Health Policies and Systems, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tyrone Reden Sy
- Division of Country Health Policies and Systems, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - David Novillo-Ortiz
- Division of Country Health Policies and Systems, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Finch M, Lum M, Yoong SL, Hodder RK, Grady A, Wolfenden L. Dissemination of public health research evidence and guidelines to Australian Early Childhood Education and Care staff: Views about source, content and format. Health Promot J Austr 2023. [PMID: 37827995 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Effective dissemination of public health research and evidence-based guidelines to Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) staff is critical for promoting research transfer and uptake and achieving positive outcomes for children. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted during August 2021 to March 2022, with a sub-sample of Australian ECEC services participating in a larger survey completed online and via Computer-Assisted Telephone Interview. Survey items assessed: influential source for receiving research, type of content that would influence decisions to adopt research and preferred formats for receiving research. RESULTS Overall, 993 service managers or staff from 1984 (50.0%) invited and eligible services completed the larger survey. Of these, 463 randomly allocated services (46.7%) had staff complete the dissemination items. The Australian Children's Education and Care Quality Authority, ECEC agencies and Government Departments were most frequently selected as influential sources of research evidence. Staff were most interested in content providing evidence-based recommendations for future actions and descriptions of health issues addressed. Workshops or conferences and webinars were the preferred format for receiving research. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight the importance of tailoring dissemination strategies to meet ECEC staff needs and engaging influential sources to disseminate research evidence. SO WHAT?: Understanding dissemination preferences of ECEC staff is crucial for supporting uptake of evidence-based health promotion in this setting. By developing tailored strategies based on ECEC preferences, research transfer and evidence-based decision making can be supported more effectively. These findings contribute to bridging the evidence-practice gap and improving the quality of care and health outcomes for children in ECEC settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Finch
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- National Centre of Implementation Science, University of Newcastle, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melanie Lum
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- National Centre of Implementation Science, University of Newcastle, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
- Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
- Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sze Lin Yoong
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- National Centre of Implementation Science, University of Newcastle, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
- Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
- Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca K Hodder
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- National Centre of Implementation Science, University of Newcastle, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alice Grady
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- National Centre of Implementation Science, University of Newcastle, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Luke Wolfenden
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- National Centre of Implementation Science, University of Newcastle, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
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5
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Wolfenden L, Close S, Finch M, Lecathelinais C, Ramanathan S, De Santis KK, Car LT, Doyle J, McCrabb S. Improving academic and public health impact of Cochrane public health reviews: what can we learn from bibliographic metrics and author dissemination strategies? A cross-sectional study. J Public Health (Oxf) 2023; 45:e577-e586. [PMID: 37169549 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To facilitate the development of impactful research dissemination strategies, this study aimed to: (i) survey authors of trials included in a sample of Cochrane reviews to describe strategies to disseminate trial findings, and examine their association with academic and policy impacts and (ii) audit academic and policy impact of CPH reviews. METHODS Authors of 104 trials within identified Cochrane reviews completed survey items assessing the dissemination strategies. Field weighted citation (FWCI) data extracted from bibliographic databases served as a measure of academic impact of trials and CPH reviews. Policy and practice impacts of trials were assessed during the survey of trial authors using items based on the Payback Framework, and for CPH reviews using 'policy mention' data collected via Altmetric Explorer. RESULTS Among the included trials, univariate (but not multivariable) regression models revealed significant associations between the use of dissemination strategies (i.e. posts on social media; workshops with end-users; media-releases) and policy or practice impacts. No significant associations were reported between dissemination strategies and trial FWCI. The mean FWCI of CPH reviews suggest that they are cited 220% more than other reviews in their field. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive dissemination strategies are likely required to maximize the potential the potential impacts of public health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Wolfenden
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2318, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, NSW 2287, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
- Cochrane Public Health, Newcastle, NSW 2318, Australia
| | - Shara Close
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2318, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Meghan Finch
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2318, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
- Cochrane Public Health, Newcastle, NSW 2318, Australia
| | - Christophe Lecathelinais
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2318, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, NSW 2287, Australia
| | - Shanthi Ramanathan
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2318, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Karina Karolina De Santis
- Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen 28359, Germany
| | - Lorainne Tudor Car
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Jodie Doyle
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2318, Australia
- Cochrane Public Health, Newcastle, NSW 2318, Australia
| | - Sam McCrabb
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2318, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
- Cochrane Public Health, Newcastle, NSW 2318, Australia
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Riera R, de Oliveira Cruz Latorraca C, Padovez RCM, Pacheco RL, Romão DMM, Barreto JOM, Machado MLT, Gomes R, da Silva SF, Martimbianco ALC. Strategies for communicating scientific evidence on healthcare to managers and the population: a scoping review. Health Res Policy Syst 2023; 21:71. [PMID: 37430348 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-023-01017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health evidence needs to be communicated and disseminated in a manner that is clearly understood by decision-makers. As an inherent component of health knowledge translation, communicating results of scientific studies, effects of interventions and health risk estimates, in addition to understanding key concepts of clinical epidemiology and interpreting evidence, represent a set of essential instruments to reduce the gap between science and practice. The advancement of digital and social media has reshaped the concept of health communication, introducing new, direct and powerful communication platforms and gateways between researchers and the public. The objective of this scoping review was to identify strategies for communicating scientific evidence in healthcare to managers and/or population. METHODS We searched Cochrane Library, Embase®, MEDLINE® and other six electronic databases, in addition to grey literature, relevant websites from related organizations for studies, documents or reports published from 2000, addressing any strategy for communicating scientific evidence on healthcare to managers and/or population. RESULTS Our search identified 24 598 unique records, of which 80 met the inclusion criteria and addressed 78 strategies. Most strategies focused on risk and benefit communication in health, were presented by textual format and had been implemented and somehow evaluated. Among the strategies evaluated and appearing to yield some benefit are (i) risk/benefit communication: natural frequencies instead of percentages, absolute risk instead relative risk and number needed to treat, numerical instead nominal communication, mortality instead survival; negative or loss content appear to be more effective than positive or gain content; (ii) evidence synthesis: plain languages summaries to communicate the results of Cochrane reviews to the community were perceived as more reliable, easier to find and understand, and better to support decisions than the original summaries; (iii) teaching/learning: the Informed Health Choices resources seem to be effective for improving critical thinking skills. CONCLUSION Our findings contribute to both the knowledge translation process by identifying communication strategies with potential for immediate implementation and to future research by recognizing the need to evaluate the clinical and social impact of other strategies to support evidence-informed policies. Trial registration protocol is prospectively available in MedArxiv (doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.04.21265922).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Riera
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Rua Barata Ribeiro, 142, 2O andar, São Paulo, SP, 01308-000, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina de Oliveira Cruz Latorraca
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Rua Barata Ribeiro, 142, 2O andar, São Paulo, SP, 01308-000, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Leite Pacheco
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Rua Barata Ribeiro, 142, 2O andar, São Paulo, SP, 01308-000, Brazil.
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Davi Mamblona Marques Romão
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Rua Barata Ribeiro, 142, 2O andar, São Paulo, SP, 01308-000, Brazil
- Instituto Veredas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Otávio Maia Barreto
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Rua Barata Ribeiro, 142, 2O andar, São Paulo, SP, 01308-000, Brazil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia Teixeira Machado
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Rua Barata Ribeiro, 142, 2O andar, São Paulo, SP, 01308-000, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Romeu Gomes
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Rua Barata Ribeiro, 142, 2O andar, São Paulo, SP, 01308-000, Brazil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Luiza Cabrera Martimbianco
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Rua Barata Ribeiro, 142, 2O andar, São Paulo, SP, 01308-000, Brazil
- Universidade Metropolitna de Santo (Unimes), Santos, Brazil
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Xun Y, Guo Q, Ren M, Liu Y, Sun Y, Wu S, Lan H, Zhang J, Liu H, Wang J, Shi Q, Wang Q, Wang P, Chen Y, Shao R, Xu DR. Characteristics of the sources, evaluation, and grading of the certainty of evidence in systematic reviews in public health: A methodological study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:998588. [PMID: 37064677 PMCID: PMC10097925 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.998588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To systematically explore how the sources of evidence, types of primary studies, and tools used to assess the quality of the primary studies vary across systematic reviews (SRs) in public health. Methods We conducted a methodological survey of SRs in public health by searching the of literature in selected journals from electronic bibliographic databases. We selected a 10% random sample of the SRs that met the explicit inclusion criteria. Two researchers independently extracted data for analysis. Results We selected 301 SRs for analysis: 94 (31.2%) of these were pre-registered, and 211 (70.1%) declared to have followed published reporting standard. All SRs searched for evidence in electronic bibliographic databases, and more than half (n = 180, 60.0%) searched also the references of the included studies. The common types of primary studies included in the SRs were primarily cross-sectional studies (n = 132, 43.8%), cohort studies (n = 126, 41.9%), randomized controlled trials (RCTs, n = 89, 29.6%), quasi-experimental studies (n = 83, 27.6%), case-control studies (n = 58, 19.3%) qualitative studies (n = 38, 12.6%) and mixed-methods studies (n = 32, 10.6%). The most frequently used quality assessment tools were the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (used for 50.0% of cohort studies and 55.6% of case-control studies), Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool (50.7% of RCTs) and Critical Appraisal Skills Program (38.5% of qualitative studies). Only 20 (6.6%) of the SRs assessed the certainty of the body of evidence, of which 19 (95.0%) used the GRADE approach. More than 65% of the evidence in the SRs using GRADE was of low or very low certainty. Conclusions SRs should always assess the quality both at the individual study level and the body of evidence for outcomes, which will benefit patients, health care practitioners, and policymakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangqin Xun
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiangqiang Guo
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mengjuan Ren
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yunlan Liu
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yajia Sun
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shouyuan Wu
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hui Lan
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianjian Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianling Shi
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Health Forum, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ping Wang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yaolong Chen
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Research Unit of Evidence-Based Evaluation and Guidelines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU017), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Lanzhou University, An Affiliate of the Cochrane China Network, Lanzhou, China
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Guideline Implementation and Knowledge Translation, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruitai Shao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Non-communicable Diseases, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dong Roman Xu
- SMU Institute for Global Health (SIGHT), School of Health Management and Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University (SMU), Guangzhou, China
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8
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Stoll M, Kerwer M, Lieb K, Chasiotis A. Plain language summaries: A systematic review of theory, guidelines and empirical research. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268789. [PMID: 35666746 PMCID: PMC9170105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plain language summaries (PLSs) have been introduced to communicate research in an understandable way to a nonexpert audience. Guidelines for writing PLSs have been developed and empirical research on PLSs has been conducted, but terminology and research approaches in this comparatively young field vary considerably. This prompted us to review the current state of the art of the theoretical and empirical literature on PLSs. The two main objectives of this review were to develop a conceptual framework for PLS theory, and to synthesize empirical evidence on PLS criteria. We began by searching Web of Science, PubMed, PsycInfo and PSYNDEX (last search 07/2021). In our review, we included empirical investigations of PLSs, reports on PLS development, PLS guidelines, and theoretical articles referring to PLSs. A conceptual framework was developed through content analysis. Empirical studies investigating effects of PLS criteria on defined outcomes were narratively synthesized. We identified 7,714 records, of which 90 articles met the inclusion criteria. All articles were used to develop a conceptual framework for PLSs which comprises 12 categories: six of PLS aims and six of PLS characteristics. Thirty-three articles empirically investigated effects of PLSs on several outcomes, but study designs were too heterogeneous to identify definite criteria for high-quality PLSs. Few studies identified effects of various criteria on accessibility, understanding, knowledge, communication of research, and empowerment. We did not find empirical evidence to support most of the criteria we identified in the PLS writing guidelines. We conclude that although considerable work on establishing and investigating PLSs is available, empirical evidence on criteria for high-quality PLSs remains scarce. The conceptual framework developed in this review may provide a valuable starting point for future guideline developers and PLS researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Stoll
- Leibniz Institute for Psychology (ZPID), Trier, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Martin Kerwer
- Leibniz Institute for Psychology (ZPID), Trier, Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
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Merner B, Lowe D, Walsh L, Synnot A, Stratil J, Lewin S, Glenton C, von Philipsborn P, Schonfeld L, Ryan R, O'Connor D, Hoving JL, Hill S. Stakeholder Involvement in Systematic Reviews: Lessons From Cochrane's Public Health and Health Systems Network. Am J Public Health 2021; 111:1210-1215. [PMID: 34370524 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2021.306252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bronwen Merner
- Bronwen Merner, Dianne Lowe, Louisa Walsh, Anneliese Synnot, Lina Schonfeld, Rebecca Ryan, and Sophie Hill are with Cochrane Consumers and Communication, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, VIC, Australia. Jan Stratil is with the Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Simon Lewin and Claire Glenton are with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. Peter von Philipsborn is with the Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Denise O'Connor is with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia. Jan L. Hoving is with the Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dianne Lowe
- Bronwen Merner, Dianne Lowe, Louisa Walsh, Anneliese Synnot, Lina Schonfeld, Rebecca Ryan, and Sophie Hill are with Cochrane Consumers and Communication, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, VIC, Australia. Jan Stratil is with the Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Simon Lewin and Claire Glenton are with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. Peter von Philipsborn is with the Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Denise O'Connor is with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia. Jan L. Hoving is with the Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Louisa Walsh
- Bronwen Merner, Dianne Lowe, Louisa Walsh, Anneliese Synnot, Lina Schonfeld, Rebecca Ryan, and Sophie Hill are with Cochrane Consumers and Communication, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, VIC, Australia. Jan Stratil is with the Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Simon Lewin and Claire Glenton are with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. Peter von Philipsborn is with the Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Denise O'Connor is with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia. Jan L. Hoving is with the Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anneliese Synnot
- Bronwen Merner, Dianne Lowe, Louisa Walsh, Anneliese Synnot, Lina Schonfeld, Rebecca Ryan, and Sophie Hill are with Cochrane Consumers and Communication, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, VIC, Australia. Jan Stratil is with the Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Simon Lewin and Claire Glenton are with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. Peter von Philipsborn is with the Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Denise O'Connor is with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia. Jan L. Hoving is with the Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan Stratil
- Bronwen Merner, Dianne Lowe, Louisa Walsh, Anneliese Synnot, Lina Schonfeld, Rebecca Ryan, and Sophie Hill are with Cochrane Consumers and Communication, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, VIC, Australia. Jan Stratil is with the Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Simon Lewin and Claire Glenton are with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. Peter von Philipsborn is with the Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Denise O'Connor is with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia. Jan L. Hoving is with the Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Simon Lewin
- Bronwen Merner, Dianne Lowe, Louisa Walsh, Anneliese Synnot, Lina Schonfeld, Rebecca Ryan, and Sophie Hill are with Cochrane Consumers and Communication, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, VIC, Australia. Jan Stratil is with the Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Simon Lewin and Claire Glenton are with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. Peter von Philipsborn is with the Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Denise O'Connor is with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia. Jan L. Hoving is with the Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Claire Glenton
- Bronwen Merner, Dianne Lowe, Louisa Walsh, Anneliese Synnot, Lina Schonfeld, Rebecca Ryan, and Sophie Hill are with Cochrane Consumers and Communication, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, VIC, Australia. Jan Stratil is with the Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Simon Lewin and Claire Glenton are with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. Peter von Philipsborn is with the Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Denise O'Connor is with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia. Jan L. Hoving is with the Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Peter von Philipsborn
- Bronwen Merner, Dianne Lowe, Louisa Walsh, Anneliese Synnot, Lina Schonfeld, Rebecca Ryan, and Sophie Hill are with Cochrane Consumers and Communication, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, VIC, Australia. Jan Stratil is with the Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Simon Lewin and Claire Glenton are with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. Peter von Philipsborn is with the Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Denise O'Connor is with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia. Jan L. Hoving is with the Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lina Schonfeld
- Bronwen Merner, Dianne Lowe, Louisa Walsh, Anneliese Synnot, Lina Schonfeld, Rebecca Ryan, and Sophie Hill are with Cochrane Consumers and Communication, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, VIC, Australia. Jan Stratil is with the Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Simon Lewin and Claire Glenton are with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. Peter von Philipsborn is with the Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Denise O'Connor is with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia. Jan L. Hoving is with the Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rebecca Ryan
- Bronwen Merner, Dianne Lowe, Louisa Walsh, Anneliese Synnot, Lina Schonfeld, Rebecca Ryan, and Sophie Hill are with Cochrane Consumers and Communication, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, VIC, Australia. Jan Stratil is with the Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Simon Lewin and Claire Glenton are with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. Peter von Philipsborn is with the Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Denise O'Connor is with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia. Jan L. Hoving is with the Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Denise O'Connor
- Bronwen Merner, Dianne Lowe, Louisa Walsh, Anneliese Synnot, Lina Schonfeld, Rebecca Ryan, and Sophie Hill are with Cochrane Consumers and Communication, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, VIC, Australia. Jan Stratil is with the Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Simon Lewin and Claire Glenton are with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. Peter von Philipsborn is with the Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Denise O'Connor is with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia. Jan L. Hoving is with the Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan L Hoving
- Bronwen Merner, Dianne Lowe, Louisa Walsh, Anneliese Synnot, Lina Schonfeld, Rebecca Ryan, and Sophie Hill are with Cochrane Consumers and Communication, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, VIC, Australia. Jan Stratil is with the Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Simon Lewin and Claire Glenton are with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. Peter von Philipsborn is with the Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Denise O'Connor is with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia. Jan L. Hoving is with the Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sophie Hill
- Bronwen Merner, Dianne Lowe, Louisa Walsh, Anneliese Synnot, Lina Schonfeld, Rebecca Ryan, and Sophie Hill are with Cochrane Consumers and Communication, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, VIC, Australia. Jan Stratil is with the Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Simon Lewin and Claire Glenton are with the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. Peter von Philipsborn is with the Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Denise O'Connor is with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Australia. Jan L. Hoving is with the Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Alayli AFG, Witte C, Haß W, Zeeb H, Heise TL, Hupfeld J. [Insights for healthy settings: a database to support the translation of findings from systematic reviews into practice]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2021; 64:552-559. [PMID: 33904939 PMCID: PMC8445874 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03309-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The database "Insights for healthy settings" was developed by the GKV-Bündnis für Gesundheit, a joint initiative of all health insurance funds for developing and implementing setting-based health promotion and prevention measures. It aims to support health insurance funds and other practice partners in planning and implementing evidence-based health promotion and prevention measures in different settings. The database complements existing intervention databases by providing insights based on findings from systematic reviews. This article aims to present the database, describe possible applications, and discuss options for further development.The database contains findings on the effectiveness and strategies for implementation of setting-based health promotion and prevention measures. In addition to structured summaries of systematic reviews, it includes summaries of scoping reviews and rapid reviews. Different search options (e.g., free text search, subject headings, and search filters) can be used to find database entries (currently n = 13). Quality-assured database entries are created by means of a standardized form and based on the four-eyes principle. To allow for easy access, key findings are presented briefly, and technical terms are clarified. Experts from health insurance funds are continuously involved in the development process of the database.As part of the database's further development, new reviews of the GKV-Bündnis für Gesundheit as well as from other sources will be added. Additionally, quality assessments of included reviews will be depicted and supporting activities developed to further encourage translation of scientific knowledge into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne F G Alayli
- Abteilung 5 Unterstützung der Krankenkassen bei Leistungen zur Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention in Lebenswelten, Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA), Maarweg 149-161, 50825, Köln, Deutschland.
| | | | - Wolfgang Haß
- Abteilung 5 Unterstützung der Krankenkassen bei Leistungen zur Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention in Lebenswelten, Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA), Maarweg 149-161, 50825, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Hajo Zeeb
- Leibniz-Institut für Präventionsforschung und Epidemiologie - BIPS, Bremen, Deutschland
- Health Sciences Bremen, Universität Bremen, Bremen, Deutschland
| | - Thomas L Heise
- Leibniz-Institut für Präventionsforschung und Epidemiologie - BIPS, Bremen, Deutschland
| | - Jens Hupfeld
- Referat Prävention, GKV-Spitzenverband, Berlin, Deutschland
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11
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Bußkamp A, Vonstein C, Tillmann J, Roßmann C, De Bock F. [Promotion of physical activity among the elderly as an example of knowledge translation: How do scientific findings enter community practice?]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2021; 64:560-567. [PMID: 33837439 PMCID: PMC8087559 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03311-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scientific findings can be an important source of knowledge for public health stakeholders involved in promoting physical activity, but several barriers hinder their use. Knowledge translation can simplify this process, but it requires the understanding of the stakeholder's needs. OBJECTIVES This qualitative study aims to describe how public health stakeholders access information and scientific findings, identify possible barriers, and highlight the needs of stakeholders in terms of presentation and processing. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve local- and state-level stakeholders from North Rhine-Westphalia, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia working in the area of physical activity promotion. The interviewees were selected through purposive sampling. The interviews were evaluated using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS The benefits of scientific findings are emphasized by the interviewees, but a lack of resources in combination with a flood of information, high complexity, and technical jargon complicate their application. There is a need for tailored preparation in the form of summaries, filter functions, elaboration of practice-relevant elements, and ways of provision. CONCLUSIONS To achieve successful knowledge translation, collaboration and interactive exchange between researchers, policymakers, and practice as well as a demand-oriented processing of scientific findings are central. Networking and bundling of knowledge on a platform are important tasks for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalena Bußkamp
- Referat 2-22 "Zusammenarbeit mit Ländern, Krankenkassen und Verbänden, Gremien; Gesundes Alter; Frauengesundheit; Männergesundheit", Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung, Maarweg 149-161, 50825, Köln, Deutschland.
| | - Claudia Vonstein
- Referat 2-22 "Zusammenarbeit mit Ländern, Krankenkassen und Verbänden, Gremien; Gesundes Alter; Frauengesundheit; Männergesundheit", Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung, Maarweg 149-161, 50825, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Judith Tillmann
- Referat 2-22 "Zusammenarbeit mit Ländern, Krankenkassen und Verbänden, Gremien; Gesundes Alter; Frauengesundheit; Männergesundheit", Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung, Maarweg 149-161, 50825, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Christin Roßmann
- Referat 2-22 "Zusammenarbeit mit Ländern, Krankenkassen und Verbänden, Gremien; Gesundes Alter; Frauengesundheit; Männergesundheit", Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung, Maarweg 149-161, 50825, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Freia De Bock
- Abteilung 2, Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA), Köln, Deutschland
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12
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De Bock F, Rehfuess E. [Establishing evidence-based prevention and health promotion: criteria for evidence-based interventions and necessary organizational requirements and capacities]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2021; 64:524-533. [PMID: 33881552 PMCID: PMC8087549 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03320-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Für die Umsetzung des Präventionsgesetzes in einem sich entwickelnden System Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung (PGF) ist die Anforderung der Evidenzbasierung formuliert. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt sich die Frage, welche Schritte, Prozesse und Vorgehensweisen in diesem System benötigt werden, um der Anforderung zunehmend gerecht zu werden. Dieser Übersichtsartikel diskutiert für Deutschland, wie evidenzbasierte Maßnahmen in der Praxis operationalisiert werden können und welche organisationalen Rahmenbedingungen und Kapazitäten für ein evidenzbasiertes Handeln von AkteurInnen notwendig sind. Aufbauend auf internationalen wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen und dem Memorandum Evidenzbasierte Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung der Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA) wird zunächst das Verständnis von evidenzbasierten Maßnahmen erläutert und im Weiteren werden Elemente zur Umsetzung von mehr Evidenzbasierung skizziert. Neben der transparenten und einheitlichen Darstellung in Datenbanken und Empfehlungen ist es notwendig, bei EntscheidungsträgerInnen in Praxis und Politik ein gemeinsames Verständnis von evidenzbasierten Interventionen und von Anforderungen für eine Evaluation, die Evidenzbasierung sichert, zu schaffen. Darüber hinaus kann evidenzbasiertes Handeln von EntscheidungsträgerInnen gefördert werden durch Wertschätzung gegenüber Evidenzbasierung in ihren Organisationen, durch Gewährleistung eines regelhaften Zugangs zu Evidenzdatenbanken, durch verbesserte Kompetenzen in Bezug auf Interpretation von Evidenz und durch eine systematische Zusammenarbeit mit der Wissenschaft. Mehr Evidenzbasierung ist eine Voraussetzung für die nachhaltige Verankerung von PGF als fünfte Säule des Gesundheitssystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freia De Bock
- Abteilung 2 "Effektivität und Effizienz gesundheitliche Aufklärung", Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA), Maarweg 149-161, 50825, Köln, Deutschland.
| | - Eva Rehfuess
- Institut für medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Deutschland.,Pettenkofer School of Public Health, München, Deutschland
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13
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Zähringer J, Schwingshackl L, Movsisyan A, Stratil JM, Capacci S, Steinacker JM, Forberger S, Ahrens W, Küllenberg de Gaudry D, Schünemann HJ, Meerpohl JJ. Use of the GRADE approach in health policymaking and evaluation: a scoping review of nutrition and physical activity policies. Implement Sci 2020; 15:37. [PMID: 32448231 PMCID: PMC7245872 DOI: 10.1186/s13012-020-00984-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition and physical activity policies have the potential to influence lifestyle patterns and reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases. In the world of health-related guidelines, GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) is the most widely used approach for assessing the certainty of evidence and determining the strength of recommendations. Thus, it is relevant to explore its usefulness also in the process of nutrition and physical activity policymaking and evaluation. The purpose of this scoping review was (i) to generate an exemplary overview of documents using the GRADE approach in the process of nutrition and physical activity policymaking and evaluation, (ii) to find out how the GRADE approach has been applied, and (iii) to explore which facilitators of and barriers to the use of GRADE have been described on the basis of the identified documents. The overarching aim of this work is to work towards improving the process of evidence-informed policymaking in the areas of dietary behavior, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. METHODS A scoping review was conducted according to current reporting standards. MEDLINE via Ovid, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched up until 4 July 2019. Documents describing a body of evidence which was assessed for the development or evaluation of a policy, including documents labeled as "guidelines," or systematic reviews used to inform policymaking were included. RESULTS Thirty-six documents were included. Overall, 313 GRADE certainty of evidence ratings were identified in systematic reviews and guidelines; the strength of recommendations/policies was assessed in four documents, and six documents mentioned facilitators or barriers for the use of GRADE. The major reported barrier was the initial low starting level of a body of evidence from non-randomized studies when assessing the certainty of evidence. CONCLUSION This scoping review found that the GRADE approach has been used for policy evaluations, in the evaluation of the effectiveness of policy-relevant interventions (policymaking), as well as in the development of guidelines intended to guide policymaking. Several areas for future research were identified to explore the use of GRADE in health policymaking and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Zähringer
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Schwingshackl
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ani Movsisyan
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan M Stratil
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sara Capacci
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jürgen M Steinacker
- Division of Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical Center, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sarah Forberger
- Department Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz-Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Department Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz-Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Daniela Küllenberg de Gaudry
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Holger J Schünemann
- McMaster GRADE Centre and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joerg J Meerpohl
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Cochrane Germany, Cochrane Germany Foundation, Freiburg, Germany.
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