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Wang L, Xu Y, Zhang L, Kang K, Kobryn A, Portman K, Gordon RE, Pan PY, Taioli E, Aaronson SA, Chen SH, Mulholland DJ. World Trade Center dust exposure promotes cancer in PTEN-deficient mouse prostates. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:518-532. [PMID: 35911788 PMCID: PMC9336209 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-21-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
During the 9/11 attacks individuals were exposed to World Trade Center (WTC) dust which contained a complex mixture of carcinogens. Epidemiological studies have revealed the increased incidence of prostate and thyroid cancer in WTC survivors and responders. While reports have shown that WTC-dust associates with the increased prevalence of inflammatory related disorders, studies to date have not determined whether this exposure impacts cancer progression. In this study, we have used genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models with prostate specific deletion of the PTEN tumor suppressor to study the impact of WTC-dust exposure on deposition of dust particles, inflammation, and cancer progression. In normal C57/BL6 mice, dust exposure increased cellular expression of inflammatory genes with highest levels in the lung and peripheral blood. In normal and tumor bearing GEM mice, increased immune cell infiltration to the lungs was observed. Pathological evaluation of mice at different time points showed that WTC-dust exposure promoted PI3K-AKT activation, increased epithelial proliferation and acinar invasion in prostates with heterozygous and homozygous Pten loss. Using autochthonous and transplant GEM models of prostate cancer we demonstrated that dust exposure caused reduced survival as compared to control cohorts. Finally, we used imaging mass cytometry (IMC) to detect elevated immune cell infiltration and cellular expression of inflammatory markers in prostate tumors isolated from human WTC survivors. Collectively, our study shows that chronic inflammation, induced by WTC dust exposure, promotes more aggressive cancer in genetically predisposed prostates and potentially in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Yitian Xu
- Center for Immunotherapy Research, Cancer Center of Excellence, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Licheng Zhang
- Center for Immunotherapy Research, Cancer Center of Excellence, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Kyeongah Kang
- Center for Immunotherapy Research, Cancer Center of Excellence, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Andriy Kobryn
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Kensey Portman
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ronald E Gordon
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ping-Ying Pan
- Center for Immunotherapy Research, Cancer Center of Excellence, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Emanuela Taioli
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York
| | - Stuart A Aaronson
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York
| | - Shu-Hsia Chen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Center for Immunotherapy Research, Cancer Center of Excellence, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - David J Mulholland
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York
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Durmus N, Pehlivan S, Zhang Y, Shao Y, Arslan AA, Corona R, Henderson I, Sterman DH, Reibman J. Lung Cancer Characteristics in the World Trade Center Environmental Health Center. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2689. [PMID: 33800009 PMCID: PMC7967411 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The destruction of the World Trade Center (WTC) towers on 11 September 2001 resulted in acute and chronic dust and fume exposures to community members, including local workers and residents, with well-described aerodigestive adverse health effects. This study aimed to characterize lung cancer in the WTC Environmental Health Center (WTC EHC) focusing on gender and smoking history. WTC EHC patients undergo an initial evaluation that includes WTC exposure information, demographics, and tobacco use. Detailed cancer characteristics are recorded from pathology reports. As of 31 December 2019, 248 WTC EHC patients had a diagnosis of lung cancer. More patients with lung cancer were women (57%) compared to men (43%). Many cases (47% women, 51% men) reported acute dust cloud exposure. Thirty-seven percent of lung cancer cases with available smoking history were never-smokers (≤1 pack-years) and 42% had a ≤5 pack-year history. The median age of cancer diagnosis in never-smoking women was 61 years compared to 66 years in men. Adenocarcinoma was more common in never-smokers compared to ever-smokers (72% vs. 65%) and in women compared to men (70% vs. 65%). We provide an initial description of lung cancers in local community members with documented exposure to the WTC dust and fumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nedim Durmus
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine (SOM), New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; (N.D.); (S.P.); (I.H.); (D.H.S.)
- World Trade Center Environmental Health Center, NYC H+HC, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (A.A.A.); (R.C.)
| | - Sultan Pehlivan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine (SOM), New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; (N.D.); (S.P.); (I.H.); (D.H.S.)
- World Trade Center Environmental Health Center, NYC H+HC, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (A.A.A.); (R.C.)
| | - Yian Zhang
- World Trade Center Environmental Health Center, NYC H+HC, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (A.A.A.); (R.C.)
- Department of Population Health, Division of Biostatistics, School of Medicine (SOM), New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yongzhao Shao
- World Trade Center Environmental Health Center, NYC H+HC, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (A.A.A.); (R.C.)
- Department of Population Health, Division of Biostatistics, School of Medicine (SOM), New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine (SOM), New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
- NYU Perlmutter Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alan A. Arslan
- World Trade Center Environmental Health Center, NYC H+HC, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (A.A.A.); (R.C.)
- Department of Population Health, Division of Biostatistics, School of Medicine (SOM), New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine (SOM), New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
- NYU Perlmutter Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine (SOM), New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Rachel Corona
- World Trade Center Environmental Health Center, NYC H+HC, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (A.A.A.); (R.C.)
| | - Ian Henderson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine (SOM), New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; (N.D.); (S.P.); (I.H.); (D.H.S.)
| | - Daniel H. Sterman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine (SOM), New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; (N.D.); (S.P.); (I.H.); (D.H.S.)
| | - Joan Reibman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine (SOM), New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; (N.D.); (S.P.); (I.H.); (D.H.S.)
- World Trade Center Environmental Health Center, NYC H+HC, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (A.A.A.); (R.C.)
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine (SOM), New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Cohen MD, Prophete C, Horton L, Sisco M, Park SH, Lee HW, Zelikoff J, Chen LC. Impact on rats from acute intratracheal inhalation exposures to WTC dusts. Inhal Toxicol 2020; 32:218-230. [PMID: 32448006 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2020.1768322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Studies have revealed the increased incidence of health disorders in First Responders (FR) who were at Ground Zero over the initial 72 hr after the World Trade Center (WTC) collapses. Previous studies in rats exposed to WTC dusts using exposure scenarios that mimicked FR mouthbreathing showed exposure led to altered expression of genes whose products could be involved in lung ailments. Nevertheless, it was uncertain if repeated exposures (as occurred in earliest days post-disaster) might have given rise to long-term changes in the lungs/other organs, in white blood cell (WBC) profiles, and/or systemic expression of select (mostly immune-related) proteins.Methods: To examine this, rats were exposed on 2 consecutive days (2 hr/d, intratracheal inhalation) to WTC dusts and then examined over a 1-yr period thereafter. At select times post-exposure, organ (lung, heart, liver, kidney, spleen) weights, WBC profiles, and blood levels of a variety of proteins were evaluated.Results: The study showed that over the 1-yr period, there were nominal effects on organ weights (absolute, index) as a result of the dust exposures. There were significant changes (relative to in naïve rats) in WBC profiles, with exposed rats having increased monocyte-macrophage and decreased lymphocyte percentages. The study also found that dust exposure led to significant systemic increases in many proteins, including MCP-1, RANTES, MMP-9, RAGE, and Galectin-3.Conclusions: These results provide further support for our longstanding hypothesis that the WTC dusts could potentially have acted as direct inducers of many of the health effects that have been seen in the exposed FR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell D Cohen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University of School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Colette Prophete
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University of School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lori Horton
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University of School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maureen Sisco
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University of School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sung-Hyun Park
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University of School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hyun-Wook Lee
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University of School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judith Zelikoff
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University of School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lung-Chi Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University of School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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