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Hu T, Zeng C, Song Z, Liu Q, Chen S, Huang W, Ma Q, Li H. HNRNPA2B1 and HNRNPR stabilize ASCL1 in an m6A-dependent manner to promote neuroblastoma progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167050. [PMID: 38331110 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
HNRNPA2B1 and HNRNPR stabilize ASCL1 mRNA in neuroblastoma, but whether their regulatory effects depend on m6A modification and whether their function involves ASCL1 remain unknown. This study investigated the m6A-dependent binding of HNRNPA2B1 and HNRNPR to ASCL1 and subsequent regulation, as well as the expression, clinical significance, and function of HNRNPA2B1 and HNRNPR in neuroblastoma. We revealed that METTL14 mediated ASCL1 m6A modification to stabilize ASCL1. HNRNPA2B1 and HNRNPR significantly enriched ASCL1 mRNA by binding to the 5' and 3' untranslated regions, respectively, and METTL14 knockdown reduced this enrichment. Mutations in m6A sites in the untranslated regions of ASCL1 mRNA considerably decreased probe capacity to engage HNRNPA2B1 and HNRNPR. HNRNPR interacts with IGF2BP1, and knocking down either impaired binding to ASCL1 mRNA. HNRNPA2B1 and HNRNPR knockdown suppressed neuroblastoma cell growth and invasion, while ASCL1 overexpression restored these effects. The high HNRNPA2B1 and HNRNPR expression in neuroblastoma correlated with ASCL1 expression. Thus, HNRNPA2B1 and HNRNPR bind and stabilize ASCL1 mRNA in an m6A-dependent manner to promote neuroblastoma progression. This study not only discovered a new mechanism underlying the high ASCL1 expression in neuroblastoma but also identified the HNRNPA2B1/HNRNPR/ASCL1 axis as a promising target for inhibiting neuroblastoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Chong Zeng
- Department of Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410119, China
| | - Zhihao Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Si Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Qianquan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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Wang H, Qian D, Wang J, Liu Y, Luo W, Zhang H, Cheng J, Li H, Wu Y, Li W, Wang J, Yang X, Zhang T, Han D, Wang Q, Zhang CZ, Liu L. HnRNPR-mediated UPF3B mRNA splicing drives hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00072-9. [PMID: 38402949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abnormal alternative splicing (AS) contributes to aggressive intrahepatic invasion and metastatic spread, leading to the high lethality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the functional implications of UPF3B-S (a truncated oncogenic splice variant) in HCC metastasis. METHODS Basescope assay was performed to analyze the expression of UPF3B-S mRNA in tissues and cells. RNA immunoprecipitation, and in vitro and in vivo models were used to explore the role of UPF3B-S and the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS We show that splicing factor HnRNPR binds to the pre-mRNA of UPF3B via its RRM2 domain to generate an exon 8 exclusion truncated splice variant UPF3B-S. High expression of UPF3B-S is correlated with tumor metastasis and unfavorable overall survival in patients with HCC. The knockdown of UPF3B-S markedly suppresses the invasive and migratory capacities of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, UPF3B-S protein targets the 3'-UTR of CDH1 mRNA to enhance the degradation of CDH1 mRNA, which results in the downregulation of E-cadherin and the activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Overexpression of UPF3B-S enhances the dephosphorylation of LATS1 and the nuclear accumulation of YAP1 to trigger the Hippo signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that HnRNPR-induced UPF3B-S promotes HCC invasion and metastasis by exhausting CDH1 mRNA and modulating YAP1-Hippo signaling. UPF3B-S could potentially serve as a promising biomarker for the clinical management of invasive HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dong Qian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiabei Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wenguang Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jingjing Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Heng Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of Comprehensive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) West District/Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of General Surgery, Division of Life Science and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wuhan Li
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Intelligent Pathology Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianzhi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dong Han
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qinyao Wang
- Anhui Chest Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chris Zhiyi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Lianxin Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Liu XS, Liu ZY, Zeng DB, Hu J, Chen XL, Gu JL, Gao Y, Pei ZJ. Functional enrichment analysis reveals the involvement of DARS2 in multiple biological pathways and its potential as a therapeutic target in esophageal carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:3934-3954. [PMID: 38382106 PMCID: PMC10929822 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The enzyme Aspartyl tRNA synthetase 2 (DARS2) is a crucial enzyme in the mitochondrial tRNA synthesis pathway, playing a critical role in maintaining normal mitochondrial function and protein synthesis. However, the role of DARS2 in ESCA is unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transcriptional data of pan-cancer and ESCA were downloaded from UCSC XENA, TCGA, and GEO databases to analyze the differential expression of DARS2 between tumor samples and normal samples, and its correlation with clinicopathological features of ESCA patients. R was used for GO, KEGG, and GSEA functional enrichment analysis of DARS2 co-expression and to analyze the connection of DARS2 with glycolysis and m6A-related genes. In vitro experiments were performed to assess the effects of interfering with DARS2 expression on ESCA cells. TarBase v.8, mirDIP, miRTarBase, ENCORI, and miRNet databases were used to analyze and construct a ceRNA network containing DARS2. RESULTS DARS2 was overexpressed in various types of tumors. In vitro experiments confirmed that interfering with DARS2 expression significantly affected the proliferation, migration, apoptosis, cell cycle, and glycolysis of ESCA cells. DARS2 may be involved in multiple biological pathways related to tumor development. Furthermore, correlation and differential analysis revealed that DARS2 may regulate ESCA m6A modification through its interaction with METTL3 and YTHDF1. A ceRNA network containing DARS2, DLEU2/has-miR-30a-5p/DARS2, was successfully predicted and constructed. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal the upregulation of DARS2 in ESCA and its association with clinical features, glycolysis pathway, m6A modification, and ceRNA network. These discoveries provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying ESCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Zi-Yue Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Dao-Bing Zeng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Danjiangkou First Hospital, Danjiangkou 420381, Hubei, China
| | - Xuan-Long Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Jiao-Long Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Pei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
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Zhang YH, Liu XS, Gao Y, Yuan LL, Huang ZM, Zhang Y, Liu ZY, Yang Y, Liu XY, Ke CB, Pei ZJ. SFXN1 as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of LUAD is associated with 18F-FDG metabolic parameters. Lung Cancer 2024; 188:107449. [PMID: 38184958 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2023.107449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sideroflexin 1 (SFXN1) has been discovered as a novel tumor marker for lung adenocarcinoma, but data on its importance in the development of lung adenocarcinoma is still limited. This study evaluated the correlation between SFXN1 and parameters related to 18F-flurodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), and further explored the role of SFXN1 in the value-added and glycolytic processes of LUAD. METHOD The expression and prognostic value of SFXN1 mRNA in LUAD were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data base. Retrospective analysis of 18F-FDG PET imaging and metabolic parameters in 42 patients to explore the relationship between the expression of SFXN1 and glucose metabolism levels in lung adenocarcinoma and its clinical significance. H1975 cells were selected as the in vitro research object, and the biological effects of SFXN1 on LUAD were further elucidated through Edu proliferation assay, CCK8 activity assay, wound healing experiment, and cell flow cytometry. RESULT SFXN1 is highly expressed in various tumors, including LUAD, and its high expression can serve as an independent predictor of overall survival in lung adenocarcinoma. In addition, the expression of SFXN1 in LUAD was significantly correlated with 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters: maximum and average standardized uptake values (SUVmax and SUVmean), as well as total lesion glycolysis (TLG) (rho = 0.574, 0.589, and 0.338, p < 0.05), which can predict the expression of SFXN1 with an accuracy of 0.934. In vitro functional experiments have shown that knocking down SFXN1 inhibits the proliferation and migration of LUAD cells, promotes cell apoptosis, and may inhibit tumor activity by regulating the expression of glycolytic related genes SLC2A1, HK2, GPI, ALDOA, GAPDH, ENO1, PKM, and LDHA. CONCLUSION The overexpression of SFXN1 is closely related to FDG uptake, and SFXN1, as a promising prognostic biomarker, may mediate the development of LUAD through the glycolytic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Hua Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Xu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China; Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Ling-Ling Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Zhong-Min Huang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Zi-Yue Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Chang-Bin Ke
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
| | - Zhi-Jun Pei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China; Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
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Yue SW, Liu HL, Su HF, Luo C, Liang HF, Zhang BX, Zhang W. m6A-regulated tumor glycolysis: new advances in epigenetics and metabolism. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:137. [PMID: 37582735 PMCID: PMC10426175 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01841-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycolytic reprogramming is one of the most important features of cancer and plays an integral role in the progression of cancer. In cancer cells, changes in glucose metabolism meet the needs of self-proliferation, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, metastasis, and also affect the immune escape, prognosis evaluation and therapeutic effect of cancer. The n6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of RNA is widespread in eukaryotic cells. Dynamic and reversible m6A modifications are widely involved in the regulation of cancer stem cell renewal and differentiation, tumor therapy resistance, tumor microenvironment, tumor immune escape, and tumor metabolism. Lately, more and more evidences show that m6A modification can affect the glycolysis process of tumors in a variety of ways to regulate the biological behavior of tumors. In this review, we discussed the role of glycolysis in tumor genesis and development, and elaborated in detail the profound impact of m6A modification on different tumor by regulating glycolysis. We believe that m6A modified glycolysis has great significance and potential for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Wei Yue
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‑Pancreatic‑Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Hai-Ling Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‑Pancreatic‑Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Fei Su
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‑Pancreatic‑Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Chu Luo
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‑Pancreatic‑Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui-Fang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‑Pancreatic‑Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.
| | - Bi-Xiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‑Pancreatic‑Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‑Pancreatic‑Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.
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