1
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Michael ES, Hennel F, Pruessmann KP. Motion-compensated diffusion encoding in multi-shot human brain acquisitions: Insights using high-performance gradients. Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:556-572. [PMID: 38441339 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the utility of up to second-order motion-compensated diffusion encoding in multi-shot human brain acquisitions. METHODS Experiments were performed with high-performance gradients using three forms of diffusion encoding motion-compensated through different orders: conventional zeroth-order-compensated pulsed gradients (PG), first-order-compensated gradients (MC1), and second-order-compensated gradients (MC2). Single-shot acquisitions were conducted to correlate the order of motion compensation with resultant phase variability. Then, multi-shot acquisitions were performed at varying interleaving factors. Multi-shot images were reconstructed using three levels of shot-to-shot phase correction: no correction, channel-wise phase correction based on FID navigation, and correction based on explicit phase mapping (MUSE). RESULTS In single-shot acquisitions, MC2 diffusion encoding most effectively suppressed phase variability and sensitivity to brain pulsation, yielding residual variations of about 10° and of low spatial order. Consequently, multi-shot MC2 images were largely satisfactory without phase correction and consistently improved with the navigator correction, which yielded repeatable high-quality images; contrarily, PG and MC1 images were inadequately corrected using the navigator approach. With respect to MUSE reconstructions, the MC2 navigator-corrected images were in close agreement for a standard interleaving factor and considerably more reliable for higher interleaving factors, for which MUSE images were corrupted. Finally, owing to the advanced gradient hardware, the relative SNR penalty of motion-compensated diffusion sensitization was substantially more tolerable than that faced previously. CONCLUSION Second-order motion-compensated diffusion encoding mitigates and simplifies shot-to-shot phase variability in the human brain, rendering the multi-shot acquisition strategy an effective means to circumvent limitations of retrospective phase correction methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Seth Michael
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franciszek Hennel
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Klaas Paul Pruessmann
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Tornifoglio B, Johnston RD, Stone AJ, Kerskens C, Lally C. Microstructural and mechanical insight into atherosclerotic plaques: an ex vivo DTI study to better assess plaque vulnerability. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:1515-1530. [PMID: 36652053 PMCID: PMC10511397 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01671-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive microstructural characterisation has the potential to determine the stability, or lack thereof, of atherosclerotic plaques and ultimately aid in better assessing plaques' risk to rupture. If linked with mechanical characterisation using a clinically relevant imaging technique, mechanically sensitive rupture risk indicators could be possible. This study aims to provide this link-between a clinically relevant imaging technique and mechanical characterisation within human atherosclerotic plaques. Ex vivo diffusion tensor imaging, mechanical testing, and histological analysis were carried out on human carotid atherosclerotic plaques. DTI-derived tractography was found to yield significant mechanical insight into the mechanical properties of more stable and more vulnerable microstructures. Coupled with insights from digital image correlation and histology, specific failure characteristics of different microstructural arrangements furthered this finding. More circumferentially uniform microstructures failed at higher stresses and strains when compared to samples which had multiple microstructures, like those seen in a plaque cap. The novel findings in this study motivate diagnostic measures which use non-invasive characterisation of the underlying microstructure of plaques to determine their vulnerability to rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tornifoglio
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R D Johnston
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A J Stone
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Kerskens
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Lally
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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3
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Taylor EN, Huang N, Lin S, Mortazavi F, Wedeen VJ, Siamwala JH, Gilbert RJ, Hamilton JA. Lipid and smooth muscle architectural pathology in the rabbit atherosclerotic vessel wall using Q-space cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2022; 24:74. [PMID: 36544161 PMCID: PMC9773609 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-022-00897-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is an arterial vessel wall disease characterized by slow, progressive lipid accumulation, smooth muscle disorganization, and inflammatory infiltration. Atherosclerosis often remains subclinical until extensive inflammatory injury promotes vulnerability of the atherosclerotic plaque to rupture with luminal thrombosis, which can cause the acute event of myocardial infarction or stroke. Current bioimaging techniques are unable to capture the pathognomonic distribution of cellular elements of the plaque and thus cannot accurately define its structural disorganization. METHODS We applied cardiovascular magnetic resonance spectroscopy (CMRS) and diffusion weighted CMR (DWI) with generalized Q-space imaging (GQI) analysis to architecturally define features of atheroma and correlated these to the microscopic distribution of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC), immune cells, extracellular matrix (ECM) fibers, thrombus, and cholesteryl esters (CE). We compared rabbits with normal chow diet and cholesterol-fed rabbits with endothelial balloon injury, which accelerates atherosclerosis and produces advanced rupture-prone plaques, in a well-validated rabbit model of human atherosclerosis. RESULTS Our methods revealed new structural properties of advanced atherosclerosis incorporating SMC and lipid distributions. GQI with tractography portrayed the locations of these components across the atherosclerotic vessel wall and differentiated multi-level organization of normal, pro-inflammatory cellular phenotypes, or thrombus. Moreover, the locations of CE were differentiated from cellular constituents by their higher restrictive diffusion properties, which permitted chemical confirmation of CE by high field voxel-guided CMRS. CONCLUSIONS GQI with tractography is a new method for atherosclerosis imaging that defines a pathological architectural signature for the atheromatous plaque composed of distributed SMC, ECM, inflammatory cells, and thrombus and lipid. This provides a detailed transmural map of normal and inflamed vessel walls in the setting of atherosclerosis that has not been previously achieved using traditional CMR techniques. Although this is an ex-vivo study, detection of micro and mesoscale level vascular destabilization as enabled by GQI with tractography could increase the accuracy of diagnosis and assessment of treatment outcomes in individuals with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik N Taylor
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, UNM School of Medicine, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Nasi Huang
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sunni Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Farzad Mortazavi
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Van J Wedeen
- AA Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jamila H Siamwala
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Richard J Gilbert
- Research Service, Providence VA Medical Center and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - James A Hamilton
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
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Alex A, Ayyappan A, Valakada J, Narasimhaiah D, Pitchai S, Sylaja PN. Role of diffusion-weighted imaging in carotid plaque vulnerability assessment. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43055-022-00776-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
MR plaque imaging is a valuable tool in characterizing carotid atherosclerotic plaque and identifying high-risk features. There are limited data on the role of the widely available single-shot diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in plaque characterization along with histological correlation. This study aimed to correlate the plaque characteristics identified by MR imaging in vivo at the level of maximum stenosis with histological plaque characteristics in the postoperative specimen.
Methods
Patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy in a tertiary care center during one and half years were prospectively recruited for non-contrast MR carotid plaque imaging (including single-shot EPI-DWI sequence) in a 3 Tesla MRI using a dedicated carotid coil. An experienced radiologist correlated DWI sequence findings with histopathology of postsurgical sections to confirm the high-risk features.
Results
Twenty-three patients (mean age 66.1 years ± SD 6.25) were evaluated, of which 65% were males and 96% were symptomatic. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in location of plaques could differentiate histopathological unstable from stable plaques (0.83 × 10–3 mm2/s vs 1.7 × 10–3 mm2/s; p 0.001), with a sensitivity and specificity of 75% and 79%, respectively, at an ADC cutoff of 1.24 × 10–3 mm2/s. Plaques with and without lipid-rich necrotic core (0.86 × 10–3 mm2/s vs 1.44 × 10–3 mm2/s; p = 0.042) as well as intraplaque hemorrhage could be differentiated (0.751 × 10–3 mm2/s vs 1.352 × 10–3 mm2/s; p 0.037) using the apparent diffusion coefficients.
Conclusion
The widely available single-shot EPI-DWI in assessing plaque characteristics in carotid stenosis is promising and correlated with histopathological features. Diffusion-weighted imaging will be a helpful adjunct in patients when contrast administration is intolerable.
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Tornifoglio B, Stone AJ, Kerskens C, Lally C. Ex Vivo Study Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging to Identify Biomarkers of Atherosclerotic Disease in Human Cadaveric Carotid Arteries. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:1398-1412. [PMID: 36172867 PMCID: PMC9592180 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to address the potential of ex vivo diffusion tensor imaging to provide insight into the microstructural composition and morphological arrangement of aged human atherosclerotic carotid arteries. METHODS In this study, whole human carotid arteries were investigated both anatomically and by comparing healthy and diseased regions. Nonrigid image registration was used with unsupervised segmentation to investigate the influence of elastin, collagen, cell density, glycosaminoglycans, and calcium on diffusion tensor imaging derived metrics (fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity). Early stage atherosclerotic features were also investigated in terms of microstructural components and diffusion tensor imaging metrics. RESULTS All vessels displayed a dramatic decrease in fractional anisotropy compared with healthy animal arterial tissue, while the mean diffusivity was sensitive to regions of advanced disease. Elastin content strongly correlated with both fractional anisotropy (r>0.7, P<0.001) and mean diffusivity (r>-0.79, P<0.0002), and the thickened intima was also distinguishable from arterial media by these metrics. CONCLUSIONS These different investigations point to the potential of diffusion tensor imaging to identify characteristics of arterial disease progression, at early and late-stage lesion development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Tornifoglio
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (B.T., A.J.S., C.K., C.L.), Ireland.,Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering (B.T., A.J.S., C.L.), Ireland
| | - Alan J. Stone
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (B.T., A.J.S., C.K., C.L.), Ireland.,Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering (B.T., A.J.S., C.L.), Ireland.,Department of Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (A.J.S.)
| | - Christian Kerskens
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (B.T., A.J.S., C.K., C.L.), Ireland.,Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience (C.K.), Ireland
| | - Caitríona Lally
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (B.T., A.J.S., C.K., C.L.), Ireland.,Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering (B.T., A.J.S., C.L.), Ireland.,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin (C.L.), Ireland
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Qiao H, Yang Q, Huo R, Han H, Ning Z, Shen R, Song X, Chen H, Chen S, Zhao X. Reliability and Value of 3D Sequential QUantitative T 1 -T 2 -T 2 * MAppings (SQUMA) MR Multi-Parametric Imaging in Characterizing Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis. J Magn Reson Imaging 2022; 57:1376-1389. [PMID: 36173363 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND T1 , T2 , and T2 * mappings are seldom performed in a single examination, and their values in evaluating symptomatic atherosclerosis are lacking. PURPOSE To perform three-dimensional (3D) quantitative T1 , T2 , and T2 * mappings (SQUMA) multi-parametric imaging for carotid vessel wall and evaluate its reliability and value in assessing carotid atherosclerosis. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS Eight healthy subjects and 20 patients with symptomatic carotid atherosclerosis. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3 T, SQUMA imaging T1 -, T2 -, and T2 *-mapping, multi-contrast vessel wall imaging including T1 - and T2 -weighted, time-of-flight, and SNAP sequences. ASSESSMENT SQUMA was acquired in all subjects and multi-contrast images were acquired in healthy subjects. T1 , T2 , and T2 * values and lumen area (LA), wall area (WA), mean wall thickness (MeanWT), and normalized wall index (NWI) of carotid arteries were measured. SQUMA and multi-contrast measurements were compared in healthy subjects and differences in SQUMA measurements between healthy subjects and patients were assessed. The discriminative value of SQUMA measurements for symptomatic vessel was determined. STATISTICAL TESTS Paired t or Wilcoxon signed-rank test, independent t or Mann-Whitney U test, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), intraclass correlation coefficients, and Bland-Altman plots. Statistically significant level, P < 0.05. RESULTS There were no significant differences in LA (P = 0.340), WA (P = 0.317), MeanWT (P = 0.088), and NWI (P = 0.091) of carotid arteries between SQUMA and multi-contrast vessel wall images. The values of T2 (50.9 ± 2.9 msec vs. 44.5 ± 4.2 msec), T2 * (28.2 ± 4.3 msec vs. 24.7 ± 2.6 msec), WA (23.7 ± 4.6 mm2 vs. 36.2 ± 7.7 mm2 ), MeanWT (0.99 ± 0.05 mm vs. 1.50 ± 0.28 mm), and NWI (40.7 ± 3.0% vs. 53.8 ± 5.4%) of carotid arteries in healthy subjects were significantly different from those in atherosclerotic patients. The combination of quantitative T1 , T2 , and T2 * values and MeanWT showed greatest AUC (0.81; 95% CI: 0.65-0.92) in discriminating symptomatic vessels. DATA CONCLUSION Carotid MR 3D quantitative multi-parametric imaging of SQUMA enables acquisition of T1 , T2 , and T2 * maps, reliably measuring carotid morphology and discriminating carotid symptomatic atherosclerosis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Qiao
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiansu Yang
- Center of Medicine Clinical Research, Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Huo
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hualu Han
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zihan Ning
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Shen
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowei Song
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijun Chen
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xihai Zhao
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
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7
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Exploring arterial tissue microstructural organization using non-Gaussian diffusion magnetic resonance schemes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22247. [PMID: 34782651 PMCID: PMC8593063 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01476-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize the alterations in microstructural organization of arterial tissue using higher-order diffusion magnetic resonance schemes. Three porcine carotid artery models namely; native, collagenase treated and decellularized, were used to estimate the contribution of collagen and smooth muscle cells (SMC) on diffusion signal attenuation using gaussian and non-gaussian schemes. The samples were imaged in a 7 T preclinical scanner. High spatial and angular resolution diffusion weighted images (DWIs) were acquired using two multi-shell (max b-value = 3000 s/mm2) acquisition protocols. The processed DWIs were fitted using monoexponential, stretched-exponential, kurtosis and bi-exponential schemes. Directionally variant and invariant microstructural parametric maps of the three artery models were obtained from the diffusion schemes. The parametric maps were used to assess the sensitivity of each diffusion scheme to collagen and SMC composition in arterial microstructural environment. The inter-model comparison showed significant differences across the considered models. The bi-exponential scheme based slow diffusion compartment (Ds) was highest in the absence of collagen, compared to native and decellularized microenvironments. In intra-model comparison, kurtosis along the radial direction was the highest. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate the efficacy of higher order dMRI schemes in mapping constituent specific alterations in arterial microstructure.
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8
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Kim SE, Parker DL, Roberts JA, Treiman GS, Alexander M, Baradaran H, de Havenon A, McNally JS. Differentiation of symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid intraplaque hemorrhage using 3D high-resolution diffusion-weighted stack of stars imaging. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4582. [PMID: 34296793 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic events related to carotid disease are far more strongly associated with plaque instability than stenosis. 3D high-resolution diffusion-weighted (DW) imaging can provide quantitative diffusion measurements on carotid atherosclerosis and may improve detection of vulnerable intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH). The 3D DW-stack of stars (SOS) sequence was implemented with 3D SOS acquisition combined with DW preparation. After simulation of signals created from 3D DW-SOS, phantom studies were performed. Three healthy subjects and 20 patients with carotid disease were recruited. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were statistically analyzed on three subgroups by using a two-group comparison Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test with p values less than 0.05: symptomatic versus asymptomatic; IPH-positive versus IPH-negative; and IPH-positive symptomatic versus asymptomatic plaques to determine the relationship with plaque vulnerability. ADC values calculated by 3D DW-SOS provided values similar to those calculated from other techniques. Mean ADC of symptomatic plaque was significantly lower than asymptomatic plaque (0.68 ± 0.18 vs. 0.98 ± 0.16 x 10-3 mm2 /s, p < 0.001). ADC was also significantly lower in IPH-positive versus IPH-negative plaque (0.68 ± 0.13 vs. 1.04 ± 0.11 x 10-3 mm2 /s, p < 0.001). Additionally, ADC was significantly lower in symptomatic versus asymptomatic IPH-positive plaque (0.57 ± 0.09 vs. 0.75 ± 0.11 x 10-3 mm2 /s, p < 0.001). Our results provide strong evidence that ADC measurements from 3D DW-SOS correlate with the symptomatic status of extracranial internal carotid artery plaque. Further, ADC improved discrimination of symptomatic plaque in IPH. These data suggest that diffusion characteristics may improve detection of destabilized plaque leading to elevated stroke risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Eun Kim
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Dennis L Parker
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - John A Roberts
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Gerald S Treiman
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VASLCHCS, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Matthew Alexander
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Hediyeh Baradaran
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Adam de Havenon
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - J Scott McNally
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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9
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Sandberg JK, Young VA, Syed AB, Yuan J, Hu Y, Sandino C, Menini A, Hargreaves B, Vasanawala S. Near-Silent and Distortion-Free Diffusion MRI in Pediatric Musculoskeletal Disorders: Comparison With Echo Planar Imaging Diffusion. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 53:504-513. [PMID: 32815203 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is common for evaluating pediatric musculoskeletal lesions, but suffers from geometric distortion and intense acoustic noise. PURPOSE To investigate the performance of a near-silent and distortion-free DWI sequence (DW-SD) relative to standard echo-planar DWI (DW-EPI) in pediatric extremity MRI. STUDY TYPE Prospective validation study. SUBJECTS Thirty-nine children referred for extremity MRI. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE DW-EPI and DW-SD, based on a rotating ultrafast sequence modified with sinusoidal diffusion preparation gradients, at 3T. ASSESSMENT DW-SD image quality (Sanat ) was assessed from 0 (nondiagnostic) to 5 (outstanding) and comparative image quality (Scomp ) (from -2 = DW-EPI more delineated to +2 = DW-SD more delineated, 0 = same). ADC measured by DW-SD and DW-EPI were compared in bone marrow, muscle, and lesions. STATISTICAL TESTS Wilcoxon rank-sum test and confidence interval of proportions (CIOP) were calculated for Scomp , Student's t-test, coefficient of variation (COV), and Bland-Altman analysis for ADC values, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for interreader agreement. RESULTS DW-SD and DW-EPI ADC values for bone marrow, muscle, and lesions were not significantly different (P = 0.3, P = 0.2, and P = 0.27, respectively) and had an overall ADC COV of 14.8% (95% confidence interval: 12.3%, 16.9%) and no significant proportional bias on Bland-Altman analysis. Sanat CIOP was rated diagnostic or better (score of 3, 4, or 5) in 72-98% of cases for bone marrow, muscle, and soft tissues. DW-SD was equivalent to or preferred over DW-EPI in muscles and soft tissues, with CIOP 86-93% and 93%, respectively. Lesions were equally visualized on DW-SD and DW-EPI in 40-51%, with DW-SD preferred in 44-56% of cases. DW-SD was rated significantly better than DW-EPI across all comparative variables that included bone marrow, muscle, soft tissue, cartilage, and lesions (P < 0.05). Readers had moderate to near-perfect (ICC range = 0.45-0.85). DATA CONCLUSION DW-SD of the extremities provided similar ADC values and improved image quality compared with conventional DW-EPI. Level of Evidence 2 Technical Efficacy Stage 2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2021;53:504-513.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse K Sandberg
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Victoria A Young
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Ali B Syed
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jianmin Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yuxin Hu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Christopher Sandino
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Anne Menini
- Application Science Lab, GE Healthcare, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Brian Hargreaves
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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10
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Zhu G, Hom J, Li Y, Jiang B, Rodriguez F, Fleischmann D, Saloner D, Porcu M, Zhang Y, Saba L, Wintermark M. Carotid plaque imaging and the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2020; 10:1048-1067. [PMID: 32968660 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2020.03.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carotid artery plaque is a measure of atherosclerosis and is associated with future risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), which encompasses coronary, cerebrovascular, and peripheral arterial diseases. With advanced imaging techniques, computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have shown their potential superiority to routine ultrasound to detect features of carotid plaque vulnerability, such as intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC), fibrous cap (FC), and calcification. The correlation between imaging features and histological changes of carotid plaques has been investigated. Imaging of carotid features has been used to predict the risk of cardiovascular events. Other techniques such as nuclear imaging and intra-vascular ultrasound (IVUS) have also been proposed to better understand the vulnerable carotid plaque features. In this article, we review the studies of imaging specific carotid plaque components and their correlation with risk scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Section, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jason Hom
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Section, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Clinical Medical Research Center, Luye Pharma Group Ltd., Beijing 100000, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Section, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Fatima Rodriguez
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Dominik Fleischmann
- Department of Radiology, Cardiovascular Imaging Section, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - David Saloner
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michele Porcu
- Dipartimento di Radiologia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Yanrong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Section, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Luca Saba
- Dipartimento di Radiologia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Max Wintermark
- Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Section, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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11
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Imaging Features of Vulnerable Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque and the Associated Clinical Implications. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11936-020-00821-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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12
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Yuan J, Hu Y, Menini A, Sandino CM, Sandberg J, Sheth V, Moran CJ, Alley M, Lustig M, Hargreaves B, Vasanawala S. Near-silent distortionless DWI using magnetization-prepared RUFIS. Magn Reson Med 2019; 84:170-181. [PMID: 31782557 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a near-silent and distortionless DWI (sd-DWI) sequence using magnetization-prepared rotating ultrafast imaging sequence. METHODS A rotating ultrafast imaging sequence was modified with driven-equilibrium diffusion preparation, including eddy-current compensation methods. To compensate for the T1 recovery during readout, a phase-cycling method was used. Both compensation methods were validated in phantoms. The optimized sequence was compared with an EPI diffusion sequence for image distortion, contrast, ADC, and acoustic noise level in phantoms. The sequence was evaluated in 1 brain volunteer, 5 prostate volunteers, and 10 pediatric patients with joint diseases. RESULTS Combination of several eddy-current compensation methods reduced the artifact to an acceptable level. Phase cycling reduced T1 recovery contamination during readout. In phantom scans, the optimized sequence generated similar image contrast to the EPI diffusion sequence, and ADC maps between the sequences were comparable; sd-DWI had significantly lower acoustic noise (P < .05). In vivo brain scan showed reduced image distortion in sd-DWI compared with the EPI diffusion, although residual motion artifact remains due to brain pulsation. The prostate scans showed that sd-DWI can provide similar ADC compared with EPI diffusion, with no image distortion. Patient scans showed that the sequence can clearly depict joint lesions. CONCLUSION An sd-DWI sequence was developed and optimized. Compared with conventional EPI diffusion, sd-DWI provided similar diffusion contrast, accurate ADC measurement, improved image quality, and minimal ambient scanning noise. The sequence showed the ability to obtain in vivo diffusion contrast in relatively motion-free body regions, such as prostate and joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Yuxin Hu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | | | - Jesse Sandberg
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Vipul Sheth
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | - Marcus Alley
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Michael Lustig
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Brian Hargreaves
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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13
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Wang T, Qiao H, Xu H, Xu D, Liu G, Yuan C, Zhao X. Identification of carotid non-hemorrhagic lipid-rich necrotic core by magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition gradient-echo imaging: Validation by contrast-enhanced T1 weighted imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 63:155-158. [PMID: 31425806 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2019.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huiyu Qiao
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Xu
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongxiang Xu
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Gaifen Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Yuan
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Xihai Zhao
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China.
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14
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Abstract
Background The quality of carotid wall MRI can benefit substantially from a dedicated RF coil that is tailored towards the human neck geometry and optimized for image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), parallel imaging performance and RF penetration depth and coverage. In last decades, several of such dedicated carotid coils were introduced. However, a comparison of the more successful designs is still lacking. Objective To perform a head-to-head comparison over four dedicated MR carotid surface coils with 4, 6, 8 and 30 coil elements, respectively. Material and methods Ten volunteers were scanned on a 3T scanner. For each subject, multiple black-blood carotid vessel wall images were measured using the four coils with different parallel imaging settings. The performance of the coils was evaluated and compared in terms of image coverage, penetration depth and noise correlations between elements. Vessel wall of a common carotid section was delineated manually. Subsequently, images were assessed based on vessel wall morphology and image quality parameters. The morphological parameters consisted of the vessel wall area, thickness, and normalized wall index (wall area/total vessel area). Image quality parameters consisted of vessel wall SNR, wall-lumen contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), the vessel g-factor, and CNRindex ((wall–lumen signal) / (wall+lumen signal)). Repeated measures analysis of variance (rmANOVA) was applied for each parameter for the averaged 10 slices for all volunteers to assess effect of coil and SENSE factor. If the rmANOVA was significant, post-hoc comparisons were conducted. Results No significant coil effect were found for vessel wall morphological parameters. SENSE acceleration affected some morphological parameters for 6- and 8-channel coils, but had no effect on the 30-channel coil. The 30-channel coil achieved high acceleration factors (10x) with significantly lower vessel g-factor values (ps ≤ 0.01), but lower vessel wall SNR and CNR values (ps ≤ 0.01). Conclusion All four coils were capable of high-quality carotid MRI. The 30-channel coil is recommended when rapid image acquisition acceleration is required for 3D measurements, whereas 6- and 8-channel coils demonstrated the highest SNR performance.
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15
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Ota H, Tamura H, Itabashi R, Yazawa Y, Nakamura Y, Hisamatsu K, Takamatsu M, Endo H, Niizuma K, Enomoto Y, Nagasaka T, Kajita K, Watanabe M, Yoshimura S, Yuan C. Quantitative characterization of carotid plaque components using MR apparent diffusion coefficients and longitudinal relaxation rates at 3T: A comparison with histology. J Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 48:1657-1667. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Ota
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology; Tohoku University Hospital; Miyagi Japan
| | - Hajime Tamura
- Division of Medical Physics; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Miyagi Japan
| | - Ryo Itabashi
- Department of Stroke Neurology; Kohnan Hospital; Miyagi Japan
| | - Yukako Yazawa
- Department of Stroke Neurology; Kohnan Hospital; Miyagi Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nakamura
- Division of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine; Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Japan
| | - Kenji Hisamatsu
- Pathology Division; Gifu University Hospital; Gifu Japan
- Department of Tumor Pathology; Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine; Gifu Japan
| | - Manabu Takamatsu
- Department of Pathology; The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research; Tokyo Japan
| | - Hidenori Endo
- Department of Neurosurgery; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Miyagi Japan
| | - Kuniyasu Niizuma
- Department of Neurosurgery; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Miyagi Japan
| | - Yukiko Enomoto
- Department of Neurosurgery; Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine; Gifu Japan
| | - Tatsuo Nagasaka
- Department of Radiological Technology; Tohoku University Hospital; Miyagi Japan
| | - Kimihiro Kajita
- Department of Radiology service; Gifu University Hospital; Gifu Japan
| | - Mika Watanabe
- Department of Pathology; Tohoku University Hospital; Miyagi Japan
| | | | - Chun Yuan
- Department of Radiology; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
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16
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Zhang Q, Coolen BF, Nederveen AJ, Strijkers GJ. Three‐dimensional diffusion imaging with spiral encoded navigators from stimulated echoes (3D‐DISPENSE). Magn Reson Med 2018; 81:1052-1065. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinwei Zhang
- Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Bram F. Coolen
- Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam, Biomedical Engineering and Physics Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Aart J. Nederveen
- Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Gustav J. Strijkers
- Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam, Biomedical Engineering and Physics Amsterdam The Netherlands
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17
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Cervantes B, Van AT, Weidlich D, Kooijman H, Hock A, Rummeny EJ, Gersing A, Kirschke JS, Karampinos DC. Isotropic resolution diffusion tensor imaging of lumbosacral and sciatic nerves using a phase-corrected diffusion-prepared 3D turbo spin echo. Magn Reson Med 2018; 80:609-618. [PMID: 29380414 PMCID: PMC5947302 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To perform in vivo isotropic-resolution diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of lumbosacral and sciatic nerves with a phase-navigated diffusion-prepared (DP) 3D turbo spin echo (TSE) acquisition and modified reconstruction incorporating intershot phase-error correction and to investigate the improvement on image quality and diffusion quantification with the proposed phase correction. METHODS Phase-navigated DP 3D TSE included magnitude stabilizers to minimize motion and eddy-current effects on the signal magnitude. Phase navigation of motion-induced phase errors was introduced before readout in 3D TSE. DTI of lower back nerves was performed in vivo using 3D TSE and single-shot echo planar imaging (ss-EPI) in 13 subjects. Diffusion data were phase-corrected per kz plane with respect to T2 -weighted data. The effects of motion-induced phase errors on DTI quantification was assessed for 3D TSE and compared with ss-EPI. RESULTS Non-phase-corrected 3D TSE resulted in artifacts in diffusion-weighted images and overestimated DTI parameters in the sciatic nerve (mean diffusivity [MD] = 2.06 ± 0.45). Phase correction of 3D TSE DTI data resulted in reductions in all DTI parameters (MD = 1.73 ± 0.26) of statistical significance (P ≤ 0.001) and in closer agreement with ss-EPI DTI parameters (MD = 1.62 ± 0.21). CONCLUSION DP 3D TSE with phase correction allows distortion-free isotropic diffusion imaging of lower back nerves with robustness to motion-induced artifacts and DTI quantification errors. Magn Reson Med 80:609-618, 2018. © 2018 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Cervantes
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der IsarTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Anh T. Van
- Institute of Medical Engineering (IMETUM)Technical University of MunichGarchingGermany
| | - Dominik Weidlich
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der IsarTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | | | | | - Ernst J. Rummeny
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der IsarTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Alexandra Gersing
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der IsarTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Jan S. Kirschke
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der IsarTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Dimitrios C. Karampinos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der IsarTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
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18
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Identification of carotid lipid-rich necrotic core and calcification by 3D magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition gradient-echo imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 53:71-76. [PMID: 30021124 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study sought to investigate the feasibility of three-dimensional MPRAGE in identifying the lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC) and calcification (CA) of carotid atherosclerotic plaques. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve patients (mean age 68.4 ± 11.8 years; 7 males) with carotid atherosclerotic plaques on ultrasound were included and underwent multicontrast magnetic resonance (MR) vessel wall imaging. The contrast enhanced T1W (CE-T1W) images were considered as reference for identifying LRNC. The signal intensity of LRNC, CA, sterno-cleidomastoid muscle and fibrous tissue (FT) was measured on CE-T1W, T1W, T2W, and MPRAGE images, respectively. The relative signal intensity (rSI) of LRNC and CA against muscle or FT was compared among four sequences. Area under the curve (AUC) of rSIs of LRNC, CA and FT against muscle on MPRAGE, T1W and T2W images in discriminating the LRNC or CA from FT and the other plaque component was calculated. RESULTS Of 352 slices, 88 (25.0%) had LRNC, 31 (8.8%) had CA, 14 (4.0%) had both LRNC and CA, and 247 (70.2%) had no components. Among four imaging sequences, MPRAGE images showed the lowest rSI of LRNC (0.34 ± 0.18) and CA (0.20 ± 0.16) against muscle, followed by T1W (0.48 ± 0.18 and 0.33 ± 0.21), CE-T1W (0.58 ± 0.23 and 0.40 ± 0.21) and T2W (0.71 ± 0.47 and 0.43 ± 0.40) images. In addition, the MPRAGE images showed the lowest rSI of LRNC (0.57 ± 0.26) and CA (0.33 ± 0.23) against FT. MPRAGE showed greater AUC than T2W and T1W in discriminating the LRNC (0.827 vs. 0.703 vs. 0.635) and CA (0.917 vs. 0.838 vs. 0.825). CONCLUSION MPRAGE sequence might be a potential non-contrast enhanced imaging tool for identification of carotid LRNC and CA.
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19
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Saba L, Yuan C, Hatsukami TS, Balu N, Qiao Y, DeMarco JK, Saam T, Moody AR, Li D, Matouk CC, Johnson MH, Jäger HR, Mossa-Basha M, Kooi ME, Fan Z, Saloner D, Wintermark M, Mikulis DJ, Wasserman BA. Carotid Artery Wall Imaging: Perspective and Guidelines from the ASNR Vessel Wall Imaging Study Group and Expert Consensus Recommendations of the American Society of Neuroradiology. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:E9-E31. [PMID: 29326139 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Identification of carotid artery atherosclerosis is conventionally based on measurements of luminal stenosis and surface irregularities using in vivo imaging techniques including sonography, CT and MR angiography, and digital subtraction angiography. However, histopathologic studies demonstrate considerable differences between plaques with identical degrees of stenosis and indicate that certain plaque features are associated with increased risk for ischemic events. The ability to look beyond the lumen using highly developed vessel wall imaging methods to identify plaque vulnerable to disruption has prompted an active debate as to whether a paradigm shift is needed to move away from relying on measurements of luminal stenosis for gauging the risk of ischemic injury. Further evaluation in randomized clinical trials will help to better define the exact role of plaque imaging in clinical decision-making. However, current carotid vessel wall imaging techniques can be informative. The goal of this article is to present the perspective of the ASNR Vessel Wall Imaging Study Group as it relates to the current status of arterial wall imaging in carotid artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Saba
- From the Department of Medical Imaging (L.S.), University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - C Yuan
- Departments of Radiology (C.Y., N.B., M.M.-B.)
| | - T S Hatsukami
- Surgery (T.S.H.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - N Balu
- Departments of Radiology (C.Y., N.B., M.M.-B.)
| | - Y Qiao
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (Y.Q., B.A.W.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - J K DeMarco
- Department of Radiology (J.K.D.), Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - T Saam
- Department of Radiology (T.S.), Ludwig-Maximilian University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - A R Moody
- Department of Medical Imaging (A.R.M.), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute (D.L., Z.F.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - C C Matouk
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Neurovascular and Stroke Programs (C.C.M., M.H.J.).,Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (C.C.M., M.H.J.)
| | - M H Johnson
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Neurovascular and Stroke Programs (C.C.M., M.H.J.).,Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (C.C.M., M.H.J.).,Surgery (M.H.J.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - H R Jäger
- Neuroradiological Academic Unit (H.R.J.), Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - M E Kooi
- Department of Radiology (M.E.K.), CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Z Fan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute (D.L., Z.F.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - D Saloner
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (D.S.), University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - M Wintermark
- Department of Radiology (M.W.), Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - D J Mikulis
- Division of Neuroradiology (D.J.M.), Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network
| | - B A Wasserman
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (Y.Q., B.A.W.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
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20
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Coolen BF, Calcagno C, van Ooij P, Fayad ZA, Strijkers GJ, Nederveen AJ. Vessel wall characterization using quantitative MRI: what's in a number? MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 31:201-222. [PMID: 28808823 PMCID: PMC5813061 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-017-0644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed the rapid development of new MRI technology for vessel wall imaging. Today, with advances in MRI hardware and pulse sequences, quantitative MRI of the vessel wall represents a real alternative to conventional qualitative imaging, which is hindered by significant intra- and inter-observer variability. Quantitative MRI can measure several important morphological and functional characteristics of the vessel wall. This review provides a detailed introduction to novel quantitative MRI methods for measuring vessel wall dimensions, plaque composition and permeability, endothelial shear stress and wall stiffness. Together, these methods show the versatility of non-invasive quantitative MRI for probing vascular disease at several stages. These quantitative MRI biomarkers can play an important role in the context of both treatment response monitoring and risk prediction. Given the rapid developments in scan acceleration techniques and novel image reconstruction, we foresee the possibility of integrating the acquisition of multiple quantitative vessel wall parameters within a single scan session.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram F Coolen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, PO BOX 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Claudia Calcagno
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pim van Ooij
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gustav J Strijkers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, PO BOX 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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21
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Gao Y, Han F, Zhou Z, Cao M, Kaprealian T, Kamrava M, Wang C, Neylon J, Low DA, Yang Y, Hu P. Distortion-free diffusion MRI using an MRI-guided Tri-Cobalt 60 radiotherapy system: Sequence verification and preliminary clinical experience. Med Phys 2017; 44:5357-5366. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- Department of Radiological Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
- Physics and Biology in Medicine IDP; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Radiological Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Ziwu Zhou
- Department of Radiological Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Minsong Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
- Physics and Biology in Medicine IDP; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Tania Kaprealian
- Department of Radiation Oncology; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Mitchell Kamrava
- Department of Radiation Oncology; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Chenyang Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - John Neylon
- Department of Radiation Oncology; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Daniel A. Low
- Department of Radiation Oncology; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
- Physics and Biology in Medicine IDP; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Yingli Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
- Physics and Biology in Medicine IDP; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Radiological Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
- Physics and Biology in Medicine IDP; University of California; Los Angeles CA USA
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22
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Zhang Q, Coolen BF, Versluis MJ, Strijkers GJ, Nederveen AJ. Diffusion-prepared stimulated-echo turbo spin echo (DPsti-TSE): An eddy current-insensitive sequence for three-dimensional high-resolution and undistorted diffusion-weighted imaging. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2017; 30:e3719. [PMID: 28295736 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present a new three-dimensional (3D), diffusion-prepared turbo spin echo sequence based on a stimulated-echo read-out (DPsti-TSE) enabling high-resolution and undistorted diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). A dephasing gradient in the diffusion preparation module and rephasing gradients in the turbo spin echo module create stimulated echoes, which prevent signal loss caused by eddy currents. Near to perfect agreement of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values between DPsti-TSE and diffusion-weighted echo planar imaging (DW-EPI) was demonstrated in both phantom transient signal experiments and phantom imaging experiments. High-resolution and undistorted DPsti-TSE was demonstrated in vivo in prostate and carotid vessel wall. 3D whole-prostate DWI was achieved with four b values in only 6 min. Undistorted ADC maps of the prostate peripheral zone were obtained at low and high imaging resolutions with no change in mean ADC values [(1.60 ± 0.10) × 10-3 versus (1.60 ± 0.02) × 10-3 mm2 /s]. High-resolution 3D DWI of the carotid vessel wall was achieved in 12 min, with consistent ADC values [(1.40 ± 0.23) × 10-3 mm2 /s] across different subjects, as well as slice locations through the imaging volume. This study shows that DPsti-TSE can serve as a robust 3D diffusion-weighted sequence and is an attractive alternative to the traditional two-dimensional DW-EPI approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinwei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bram F Coolen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Gustav J Strijkers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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23
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Xia J, Yin A, Li Z, Liu X, Peng X, Xie N. Quantitative Analysis of Lipid-Rich Necrotic Core in Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques by In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Clinical Outcomes. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:2745-2750. [PMID: 28584227 PMCID: PMC5470833 DOI: 10.12659/msm.901864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to explore the accuracy of in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the quantitative evaluation of lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC) in carotid atherosclerotic plaques compared with histopathology, and to assess the association of LRNC size with cerebral ischemia symptoms. Material/Methods Thirty patients were enrolled and 19 patients (16 men and 3 women) were analyzed. All the patients were submitted to MRI on a Siemens Avanto (1.5-Tesla) device before carotid endarterectomy (CEA). The scanning protocol included three-dimensional time of flight (3D TOF), T1-weighted image (T1WI), T2-weighted image (T2WI), turbo spin-echo T2-weighted (T2-TSE), and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image. MRI images were reviewed for quantitative measurements of LRNC areas. LRNC specimens were collected for histology. Percentages of LRNC area to total vessel area were assessed to determine the association of MRI with histological findings. Results There were 151 pairs of matched MRI and pathological sections. LRNC area percentages (LRNC area/vessel area) measured by MRI and histology were 20.6±9.0% and 18.7±9.5%, respectively (r=0.69, p<0.001). Twelve out of 19 patients had symptoms (S-group; 3 had recent stroke, 3 had a recent stroke and a history of transient ischemic attack (TIA), and 6 had TIA); the remaining 7 subjects showed no symptoms (NS-group). LRNC area percentages in the S- and NS-groups were 22.2±5.8% and 12.6±10.7%, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions MRI can quantitatively measure LRNC in carotid atherosclerotic plaques, and may be useful in predicting the rupture risk of plaques. These findings provide a basis for imaging use in individualized treatment plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xia
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen No.2 People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Anyu Yin
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen No.2 People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhenzhou Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen No. 2 People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Xin Liu
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Xianghong Peng
- Core Laboratory, Shenzhen No. 2 People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Ni Xie
- Core Laboratory, Shenzhen No. 2 People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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Van AT, Cervantes B, Kooijman H, Karampinos DC. Analysis of phase error effects in multishot diffusion-prepared turbo spin echo imaging. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2017; 7:238-250. [PMID: 28516049 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2017.04.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To characterize the effect of phase errors on the magnitude and the phase of the diffusion-weighted (DW) signal acquired with diffusion-prepared turbo spin echo (dprep-TSE) sequences. METHODS Motion and eddy currents were identified as the main sources of phase errors. An analytical expression for the effect of phase errors on the acquired signal was derived and verified using Bloch simulations, phantom, and in vivo experiments. RESULTS Simulations and experiments showed that phase errors during the diffusion preparation cause both magnitude and phase modulation on the acquired data. When motion-induced phase error (MiPe) is accounted for (e.g., with motion-compensated diffusion encoding), the signal magnitude modulation due to the leftover eddy-current-induced phase error cannot be eliminated by the conventional phase cycling and sum-of-squares (SOS) method. By employing magnitude stabilizers, the phase-error-induced magnitude modulation, regardless of its cause, was removed but the phase modulation remained. The in vivo comparison between pulsed gradient and flow-compensated diffusion preparations showed that MiPe needed to be addressed in multi-shot dprep-TSE acquisitions employing magnitude stabilizers. CONCLUSIONS A comprehensive analysis of phase errors in dprep-TSE sequences showed that magnitude stabilizers are mandatory in removing the phase error induced magnitude modulation. Additionally, when multi-shot dprep-TSE is employed the inconsistent signal phase modulation across shots has to be resolved before shot-combination is performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh T Van
- Zentralinstitut für Medizintechnik, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Barbara Cervantes
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Dimitrios C Karampinos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Opriessnig P, Mangge H, Stollberger R, Deutschmann H, Reishofer G. In vivo cardiovascular magnetic resonance of 2D vessel wall diffusion anisotropy in carotid arteries. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2016; 18:81. [PMID: 27876066 PMCID: PMC5120527 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-016-0304-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffusion weighted (DW) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has shown great potential to discriminate between healthy and diseased vessel tissue by evaluating the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) along the arterial axis. Recently, ex vivo studies on porcine arteries utilizing diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) revealed a circumferential fiber orientation rather than an organization in axial direction, suggesting dominant diffusion perpendicular to the slice direction. In the present study, we propose a method to access tangential and radial diffusion of carotids in vivo by utilizing a pulse sequence that enables high resolution DW imaging in combination with a two-dimensional (2D) diffusion gradient direction sampling scheme perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the artery. METHODS High resolution DTI of 12 healthy male volunteers (age: 25-60 years) was performed on one selected axial slice using a read-out segmented EPI (rs-EPI) sequence on a 3T MR scanner. RESULTS It was found consistently for all 12 volunteers, that the tangential component as the principle direction of diffusion. Mean vessel wall fractional anisotropy (FA) values ranged from 0.7 for the youngest to 0.56 for the oldest participant. Linear regression analysis between the FA values and volunteers age revealed a highly significant (P < 0.01) linear relationship with an adjusted R2 of 0.52. In addition, a linear trend (P < 0.1) could be observed between radial diffusivity (RD) and age. CONCLUSION These results point to FA being a sensitive parameter able to capture changes in the vascular architecture with age. In detail, the data demonstrate a decrease in FA with advancing age indicating possible alterations of tissue microstructural integrity. Moreover, analyzing 2D diffusion tensor directions is sufficient and applicable in a clinical setup concerning the overall scan time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Opriessnig
- Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, A-8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, A-8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Stollberger
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 16/III, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Hannes Deutschmann
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 9, A-8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Gernot Reishofer
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 9, A-8036 Graz, Austria
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26
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Pennell DJ, Baksi AJ, Prasad SK, Mohiaddin RH, Alpendurada F, Babu-Narayan SV, Schneider JE, Firmin DN. Review of Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 2015. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2016; 18:86. [PMID: 27846914 PMCID: PMC5111217 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-016-0305-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There were 116 articles published in the Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (JCMR) in 2015, which is a 14 % increase on the 102 articles published in 2014. The quality of the submissions continues to increase. The 2015 JCMR Impact Factor (which is published in June 2016) rose to 5.75 from 4.72 for 2014 (as published in June 2015), which is the highest impact factor ever recorded for JCMR. The 2015 impact factor means that the JCMR papers that were published in 2013 and 2014 were cited on average 5.75 times in 2015. The impact factor undergoes natural variation according to citation rates of papers in the 2 years following publication, and is significantly influenced by highly cited papers such as official reports. However, the progress of the journal's impact over the last 5 years has been impressive. Our acceptance rate is <25 % and has been falling because the number of articles being submitted has been increasing. In accordance with Open-Access publishing, the JCMR articles go on-line as they are accepted with no collating of the articles into sections or special thematic issues. For this reason, the Editors have felt that it is useful once per calendar year to summarize the papers for the readership into broad areas of interest or theme, so that areas of interest can be reviewed in a single article in relation to each other and other recent JCMR articles. The papers are presented in broad themes and set in context with related literature and previously published JCMR papers to guide continuity of thought in the journal. We hope that you find the open-access system increases wider reading and citation of your papers, and that you will continue to send your quality papers to JCMR for publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. J. Pennell
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP UK
| | - A. J. Baksi
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP UK
| | - S. K. Prasad
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP UK
| | - R. H. Mohiaddin
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP UK
| | - F. Alpendurada
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP UK
| | - S. V. Babu-Narayan
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP UK
| | - J. E. Schneider
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP UK
| | - D. N. Firmin
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP UK
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27
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Pennell DJ, Baksi AJ, Prasad SK, Raphael CE, Kilner PJ, Mohiaddin RH, Alpendurada F, Babu-Narayan SV, Schneider J, Firmin DN. Review of Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 2014. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2015; 17:99. [PMID: 26589839 PMCID: PMC4654908 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-015-0203-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There were 102 articles published in the Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (JCMR) in 2014, which is a 6% decrease on the 109 articles published in 2013. The quality of the submissions continues to increase. The 2013 JCMR Impact Factor (which is published in June 2014) fell to 4.72 from 5.11 for 2012 (as published in June 2013). The 2013 impact factor means that the JCMR papers that were published in 2011 and 2012 were cited on average 4.72 times in 2013. The impact factor undergoes natural variation according to citation rates of papers in the 2 years following publication, and is significantly influenced by highly cited papers such as official reports. However, the progress of the journal's impact over the last 5 years has been impressive. Our acceptance rate is <25% and has been falling because the number of articles being submitted has been increasing. In accordance with Open-Access publishing, the JCMR articles go on-line as they are accepted with no collating of the articles into sections or special thematic issues. For this reason, the Editors have felt that it is useful once per calendar year to summarize the papers for the readership into broad areas of interest or theme, so that areas of interest can be reviewed in a single article in relation to each other and other recent JCMR articles. The papers are presented in broad themes and set in context with related literature and previously published JCMR papers to guide continuity of thought in the journal. We hope that you find the open-access system increases wider reading and citation of your papers, and that you will continue to send your quality papers to JCMR for publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Pennell
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - A J Baksi
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - S K Prasad
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - C E Raphael
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - P J Kilner
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - R H Mohiaddin
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - F Alpendurada
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - S V Babu-Narayan
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - J Schneider
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
| | - D N Firmin
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust & Imperial College, Sydney Street, London, SW 3 6NP, UK.
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