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Huang XY, Xue LL, Ma RF, Shi JS, Wang TH, Xiong LL, Yu CY. Inhibition of CXCR4: A perspective on miracle fruit seed for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Exp Neurol 2024; 379:114841. [PMID: 38821198 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent type of dementia, and its causes are currently diverse and not fully understood. In a previous study, we discovered that short-term treatment with miracle fruit seed (MFS) had a therapeutic effect on AD model mice, however, the precise mechanism behind the effect remains unclear. In this research, we aimed to establish the efficacy and safety of long-term use of MFS in AD model mice. A variety of cytokines and chemokines have been implicated in the development of AD. Previous studies have validated a correlation between the expression levels of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and disease severity in AD. In this research, we observed an upregulation of CXCR4 expression in hippocampal tissues in the AD model group, which was then reversed after MFS treatment. Moreover, CXCR4 knockout led to improving cognitive function in AD model mice, and MFS showed the ability to regulate CXCR4 expression. Finally, our findings indicate that CXCR4 knockout and long-term MFS treatment produce comparable effects in treating AD model mice. In conclusion, this research demonstrates that therapeutic efficacy and safety of long-term use of MFS in AD model mice. MFS treatment and the subsequent reduction of CXCR4 expression exhibit a neuroprotective role in the brain, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yan Huang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Lu-Lu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui-Fang Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing-Shan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Lab of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
| | - Liu-Lin Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
| | - Chang-Yin Yu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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ElMosbah DE, Khattab MS, Ibrahim MA, El-Asssal MI, Miniawy HMFE. Preclinical efficacy of oral and nasal rivastigmine-loaded chitosan nano-particles on AlCl 3-induced Alzheimer's-like disease in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01541-9. [PMID: 39127977 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01541-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The successful treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is still a big challenge. Rivastigmine is one of the most used drugs for the treatment of AD. The short half-life, lower bioavailability, and less concentration of the drug in the brain after oral delivery are considered the main drawbacks of rivastigmine. To improve these drawbacks, nanostructure-mediated drug delivery has gained more attention. This study investigates the effect of rivastigmine-loaded in optimized chitosan nano-particles (RS-CSNPs) as polymeric nano-carriers by different administration routes (oral and intranasal) on aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced Alzheimer-like disease in rat. The model was established by giving rats 100 mg/kg/b.wt of AlCl3 orally for 3 months. Then the experimental rats were treated with RS-CSNPs either orally or intranasally for 75 days. Histopathology, immunohistochemistry of Tau expression in brain tissue, and gene expression of Caspase-3, NF-κB, and Nrf-2 were carried out. The therapeutic agents used decreased the alterations observed in AlCl3 group with improvement in the neuronal viability. In addition to low expression of tau protein, down-regulation of caspase-3 and NF-κB genes and up-regulation of Nrf-2. RS-CSNPs alleviated the progression of AD presumably via blocking the inflammatory cascade and decreasing the oxidative stress process. The intranasal route is superior to the oral one and promising in AD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina E ElMosbah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Marwa S Khattab
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mona I El-Asssal
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Hala M F El Miniawy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
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3
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Zhang F, Wang Y, Song X, Wen Y, Wang H, Zhang Y. The hydroxytyrosol-typed phenylpropanoidglycosides: A phenylpropanoid glycoside family with significant biological activity. Fitoterapia 2024; 178:106155. [PMID: 39089596 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol-typed phenylpropanoid glycosides (HPGs), composed of phenylethanol and various complex oligosaccharides, are widespread and abundant in different plant, and have a diverse range of biological activities. All HPGs reported previously have been isolated from natural sources, and most of them showed significant bioactivities, such as anti-inflamatory, anti-cancer, cytoprotection, neuro-protective effects, enzyme-inhibitory, anti-microbial effects, and cardiovascular activity. The goal of this review is to summarize the structures of HPGs reported over the past few decades, as well as to introduce their pharmacological effects. We also introduce the possible relationship between the structures of HPGs and their source plants, as well as the structure-activity relationships of some important activities. This review will serve as a resource for future research into this class of compounds, and demonstrate their potential value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixun Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yiping Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Xiaoping Song
- College of Chemical Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yingming Wen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Bioengineering, Beijing Polytechnic, No. 9 Liangshuihe 1st Street, Beijing 100176, China.
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, China; Glycobiology and Glycotechnology Research center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China; College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
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4
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Wang C, Hei Y, Liu Y, Bajpai AK, Li Y, Guan Y, Xu F, Yao C. Systems genetics identifies methionine as a high risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1381889. [PMID: 39081851 PMCID: PMC11286400 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1381889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
As a dietary strategy, methionine restriction has been reported to promote longevity and regulate metabolic disorders. However, the role and possible regulatory mechanisms underlying methionine in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), remain unexplored. This study utilized the data from BXD recombinant inbred (RI) mice to establish a correlation between the AD phenotype in mice and methionine level. Gene enrichment analysis indicated that the genes associated with the concentration of methionine in the midbrain are involved in the dopaminergic synaptic signaling pathway. Protein interaction network analysis revealed that glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) was a key regulator of the dopaminergic synaptic pathway and its expression level was significantly correlated with the AD phenotype. Finally, in vitro experiments demonstrated that methionine deprivation could reduce the expression of Aβ and phosphorylated Tau, suggesting that lowering methionine levels in humans may be a preventive or therapeutic strategy for AD. In conclusion, our findings support that methionine is a high risk factor for AD. These findings predict potential regulatory network, theoretically supporting methionine restriction to prevent AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congmin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yu Hei
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Yuhe Li
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yawen Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Fuyi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Cuifang Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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Zhao Y, Li T, Zhang L, Yang J, Zhao F, Wang Y, Ouyang Y, Liu J. TRAF6 promotes spinal microglial M1 polarization to aggravate neuropathic pain by activating the c-JUN/NF-kB signaling pathway. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:54. [PMID: 38995476 PMCID: PMC11245438 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09900-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neuropathic pain with complex networks of neuroinflammatory activation severely limits clinical therapeutic research. TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is associated with multiple inflammatory diseases. However, there remains confusion about the effects and mechanisms of TRAF6 in neuropathic pain. METHODS A chronic constriction injury (CCI) model was developed to simulate neuralgia in vivo. We overexpressed or knocked down TRAF6 in CCI mice, respectively. Activation of microglia by TRAF6, the inflammatory response, and disease progression were inspected using WB, qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and ELISA assays. Moreover, the mechanism of M1/M2 polarization activation of microglia by TRAF6 was elaborated in BV-2 cells. RESULTS TRAF6 was enhanced in the spinal neurons and microglia of the CCI mice model compared with the sham operation group.. Down-regulation of TRAF6 rescued the expression of Iba-1. In response to mechanical and thermal stimulation, PWT and PWL were improved after the knockdown of TRAF6. Decreased levels of pro-inflammatory factors were observed in TRAF6 knockdown groups. Meanwhile, increased microglial M1 markers induced by CCI were limited in mice with TRAF6 knockdown. In addition, TRAF6 overexpression has the precise opposite effect on CCI mice or microglia polarization. We also identifed that TRAF6 activated the c-JUN/NF-kB pathway signaling; the inhibitor of c-JUN/NF-kB could effectively alleviate the neuropathic pain induced by upregulated TRAF6 in the CCI mice model. CONCLUSION In summary, this study indicated that TRAF6 was concerned with neuropathic pain, and targeting the TRAF6/c-JUN/NF-kB pathway may be a prospective target for treating neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110136, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiegang Li
- Department of Emergency, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110136, People's Republic of China
| | - Lichun Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110136, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110136, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Ouyang
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China.
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Li Q, Zhang C, Sun X, Wang M, Zhang Z, Chen R, Sun X. Forsythoside B alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome mediated by SIRT1 activation. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305541. [PMID: 38885233 PMCID: PMC11182500 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inflammatory response is a key factor in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI), and anti-inflammatory interventions may offer a promising therapeutic strategy. Forsythoside B (FB) is a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from Forsythiae fructus, which has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. However, the mechanism of the neuroprotective effect of FB on CIRI remains unclear. METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). FB was administered intraperitoneally for 3 days prior to MCAO/R. Cerebral infarct volume and neurological deficit score were used as indices to evaluate MCAO/R injury. The serum levels of inflammatory factors and antioxidant enzymes were measured. The activation of silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 (Sirt1) and the inhibition of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor with a pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) pathway were assessed through western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis. Furthermore, the rats were treated with Sirt1 shRNA 3 days before MCAO/R by stereotactical injection into the ipsilateral hemispheric region to assess the impact of Sirt1 knockdown on the protection of FB during MCAO/R. RESULTS FB reduced cerebral infarct volume and neurological deficit score in MCAO/R rats. FB reduced pathological changes and cell apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region and cortex on the ischemic side of rats. FB inhibited the serum levels of inflammatory factors and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Further study showed that FB inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 pathway and induced Sirt1 activation. CONCLUSION FB demonstrated neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the NLRP3 pathway through Sirt1 activation in CIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chongyang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengchen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rongchang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Mei Z, Liu J, Schroeder JP, Weinshenker D, Duong DM, Seyfried NT, Li Y, Jin P, Wingo AP, Wingo TS. Lowering Hippocampal miR-29a Expression Slows Cognitive Decline and Reduces Beta-Amyloid Deposition in 5×FAD Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3343-3356. [PMID: 37989983 PMCID: PMC11087195 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
microRNA-29a (miR-29a) increases with age in humans and mice, and, in the brain, it has a role in neuronal maturation and response to inflammation. We previously found higher miR-29a levels in the human brain to be associated with faster antemortem cognitive decline, suggesting that lowering miR-29a levels could ameliorate memory impairment in the 5×FAD AD mouse model. To test this, we generated an adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing GFP and a miR-29a "sponge" or empty vector. We found that the AAV expressing miR-29a sponge functionally reduced miR-29a levels and improved measures of memory in the Morris water maze and fear condition paradigms when delivered to the hippocampi of 5×FAD and WT mice. miR-29a sponge significantly reduced hippocampal beta-amyloid deposition in 5×FAD mice and lowered astrocyte and microglia activation in both 5×FAD and WT mice. Using transcriptomic and proteomic sequencing, we identified Plxna1 and Wdfy1 as putative effectors at the transcript and protein level in WT and 5×FAD mice, respectively. These data indicate that lower miR-29a levels mitigate cognitive decline, making miR-29a and its target genes worth further evaluation as targets to mitigate Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Mei
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jason P Schroeder
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David Weinshenker
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Duc M Duong
- Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nicholas T Seyfried
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yujing Li
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aliza P Wingo
- Division of Mental Health, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Thomas S Wingo
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Li JJ, Chen ZH, Liu CJ, Kang YS, Tu XP, Liang H, Shi W, Zhang FX. The phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, quality control, and toxicity of Forsythiae Fructus: An updated systematic review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 222:114096. [PMID: 38641141 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Forsythiae Fructus (FF), the dried fruit of F. suspensa, is commonly used to treat fever, inflammation, etc in China or other Asian countries. FF is usually used as the core herb in traditional Chinese medicine preparations for the treatment of influenza, such as Shuang-huang-lian oral liquid and Yin-qiao powder, etc. Since the wide application and core role of FF, its research progress was summarized in terms of traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, quality control, and toxicity. Meanwhile, the anti-influenza substances and mechanism of FF were emphasized. Till now, a total of 290 chemical components are identified in F. suspensa, and among them, 248 components were isolated and identified from FF, including 42 phenylethanoid glycosides, 48 lignans, 59 terpenoids, 14 flavonoids, 3 steroids, 24 cyclohexyl ethanol derivatives, 14 alkaloids, 26 organic acids, and 18 other types. FF and their pure compounds have the pharmacological activities of anti-virus, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant, anti-bacteria, anti-tumor, neuroprotection, hepatoprotection, etc. Inhibition of TLR7, RIG-I, MAVS, NF-κB, MyD88 signaling pathway were the reported anti-influenza mechanisms of FF and phenylethanoid glycosides and lignans are the main active groups. However, the bioavailability of phenylethanoid glycosides and lignans of FF in vivo was low, which needed to be improved. Simultaneously, the un-elucidated compounds and anti-influenza substances of FF strongly needed to be explored. The current quality control of FF was only about forsythoside A and phillyrin, more active components should be taken into consideration. Moreover, there are no reports of toxicity of FF yet, but the toxicity of FF should be not neglected in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Zi-Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Cheng-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Yu-Shuo Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Xin-Pu Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Feng-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
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9
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Yang Y, Wang N, Wang Z, Zhao M, Chen L, Shi Z. Protective role of forsythoside B in Kawasaki disease-induced cardiac injury: Inhibition of pyroptosis via the SIRT1-NF-κB-p65 signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 392:110953. [PMID: 38471628 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD), an acute exanthematous febrile pediatric illness involving systemic non-specific inflammatory reactions in small- and medium-sized arteries, poses a significant risk of coronary artery and myocardial inflammatory injury. Developing new KD treatments with improved safety and fewer side-effects is highly desirable. Forsythoside B (FTS-B), extracted from the Forsythia suspensa plant, exerts anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting NF-κB, which is regulated by SIRT1, the reduced expression of which is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. However, it has yet to be established whether FTS-B influences KD-related inflammatory damage. In this study, we investigated the effects of FTS-B on inflammation in cellular and murine models of KD. Our findings revealed that KD is associated with cardiac dysfunction and inflammatory injury to myocardial and human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs), resulting in a pyroptosis-feedback loop. Both cellular and KD models were characterized by reduced SIRT1 expression and increased NF-κB p65 expression. Contrastingly, the rates of pyroptosis in both murine model myocardial tissues and HCAECs were significantly alleviated in response to FTS-B treatment. Also in both models, we detected an increase of SIRT1 expression and a decrease in the expression of p65. Further examination of the protective mechanism of FTS-B using the SIRT1-specific inhibitor, EX 527, revealed that this inhibitor blocked the palliative effects of FTS-B on inflammatory injury-induced pyroptosis. These results highlight the potential utility of the SIRT1-NF-κB-p65 pathway as a therapeutic target for KD treatment and demonstrate that FTS-B can alleviate KD-induced cardiac and HCAEC inflammatory injury via inhibition of pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Yang
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Asthma, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 831, Longtaiguan Lane, Qindu District, Xianyang, 712046, China.
| | - Nisha Wang
- Department of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 Yanta West Road, Xiaozhai Road Street, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Zhenyi Wang
- Department of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 Yanta West Road, Xiaozhai Road Street, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Miaomiao Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Asthma, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 831, Longtaiguan Lane, Qindu District, Xianyang, 712046, China.
| | - Luping Chen
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Asthma, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 831, Longtaiguan Lane, Qindu District, Xianyang, 712046, China.
| | - Zhaoling Shi
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Asthma, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 831, Longtaiguan Lane, Qindu District, Xianyang, 712046, China.
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10
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Liu J, Fang G, Lan C, Qiu C, Yao L, Zhang Q, Hu J, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Zhang Y. Forsythoside B Mitigates Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension via Blocking the NF-κB Signaling Pathway to Attenuate Vascular Remodeling. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:767-780. [PMID: 38495631 PMCID: PMC10942864 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s444605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease with little effective treatment. The proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) induced by the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling activation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PAH. Forsythoside B (FTS•B) possesses inhibitory effect on NF-κB signaling pathway. The present study aims to explore the effects and mechanisms of FTS•B in PAH. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats received monocrotaline (MCT) intraperitoneal injection to establish PAH model, and FTS•B was co-treated after MCT injection. Right ventricular hypertrophy and pulmonary artery pressure were measured by echocardiography and right heart catheterization, respectively. Histological alterations were detected by H&E staining and immunohistochemistry. FTS•B's role in PASMC proliferation and migration were evaluated by CCK-8 and wound healing assay. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining and ELISA were conducted. The NF-κB activator PMA was used to investigate the role of NF-κB in FTS•B's protective effects against PAH. Results FTS•B markedly alleviated MCT-induced vascular remodeling and pulmonary artery pressure, and improved right ventricular hypertrophy and survival. FTS•B also reversed PDGF-BB-induced PASMC proliferation and migration, decreased PCNA and CyclinD1 expression in vitro. The elevated levels of IL-1β and IL-6 caused by MCT were decreased by FTS•B. Mechanistically, MCT-triggered phosphorylation of p65, IκBα, IKKα and IKKβ was blunted by FTS•B. FTS•B also reversed MCT-induced nuclear translocation of p65. However, all these protective effects were blocked by PMA-mediated NF-κB activation. Conclusion FTS•B effectively attenuates PAH by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway to attenuate vascular remodeling. FTS•B might be a promising drug candidate with clinical translational potential for the treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiying Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangyao Fang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, People’s Republic of China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cong Lan
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenming Qiu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingtang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaolei Zhang
- Basic Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongjian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Hu M, Zheng M, Wang C, Li Q, Li J, Zhou X, Ying X, Quan S, Gu L, Zhang X. Andrographolide derivative Andro-III modulates neuroinflammation and attenuates neuropathological changes of Alzheimer's disease via GSK-3β/NF-κB/CREB pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 965:176305. [PMID: 38160932 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Andrographolide has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, making it a potential therapeutic option for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our research group optimized its structure in a previous study to minimize the risk of renal toxicity, which would beneficial for future clinical research. This study aims to examine the impact of Andro-III on enhancing cognitive learning ability in 3xTg-AD mice, as well as the mechanisms involved. Andro-III improved spatial learning ability, prevented the loss of Nysted's vesicles, reduced the accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau proteins, and suppressed microglial activation. Further research found that the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B RelA (NF-κB p65) expression and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) activity were inhibited, while CREB was upregulated in brain tissue treated with Andro-III. Moreover, Andro-III downregulated the expression of IBA1 and inflammatory factors in microglial cells of mice induced by Aβ. The regulation of the GSK-3β/NF-κB/CREB pathway was similar to that observed in 3xTg-AD mice. Therefore, Andro-III modulates neuroinflammation and attenuates neuropathological changes of AD via the GSK-3β/NF-κB/CREB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China; Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, PR China
| | - Miao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China; Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, PR China
| | - Can Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China; Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, PR China
| | - Qin Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China; Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, PR China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China; Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, PR China
| | - Xuebin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China; Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, PR China
| | - XinYi Ying
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China; Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, PR China
| | - Shengli Quan
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China; Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, PR China
| | - Lili Gu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China; Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, PR China.
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, PR China; Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, PR China.
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Karnik SJ, Margetts TJ, Wang HS, Movila A, Oblak AL, Fehrenbacher JC, Kacena MA, Plotkin LI. Mind the Gap: Unraveling the Intricate Dance Between Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias and Bone Health. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:165-176. [PMID: 38285083 PMCID: PMC10912190 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00847-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review examines the linked pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease/related dementia (AD/ADRD) and bone disorders like osteoporosis. The emphasis is on "inflammaging"-a low-level inflammation common to both, and its implications in an aging population. RECENT FINDINGS Aging intensifies both ADRD and bone deterioration. Notably, ADRD patients have a heightened fracture risk, impacting morbidity and mortality, though it is uncertain if fractures worsen ADRD. Therapeutically, agents targeting inflammation pathways, especially Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) and TNF-α, appear beneficial for both conditions. Additionally, treatments like Sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1), known for anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties, are gaining attention. The interconnectedness of AD/ADRD and bone health necessitates a unified treatment approach. By addressing shared mechanisms, we can potentially transform therapeutic strategies, enriching our understanding and refining care in our aging society. This review article is part of a series of multiple manuscripts designed to determine the utility of using artificial intelligence for writing scientific reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali J Karnik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Tyler J Margetts
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Hannah S Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Alexandru Movila
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jill C Fehrenbacher
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Melissa A Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Lilian I Plotkin
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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Zhang L, Lang F, Feng J, Wang J. Review of the therapeutic potential of Forsythiae Fructus on the central nervous system: Active ingredients and mechanisms of action. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117275. [PMID: 37797873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine has gained significant attention in recent years owing to its multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway advantages in treating various diseases. Forsythiae Fructus, derived from the dried fruit of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, is one such traditional Chinese medicine with numerous in vivo and ex vivo therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral properties. Forsythiae Fructus contains more than 200 chemical constituents, with forsythiaside, forsythiaside A, forsythiaside B, isoforsythiaside, forsythin, and phillyrin being the most active ingredients. Forsythiae Fructus exerts neuroprotective effects by modulating various pathways, including oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, NF-κB signaling, 2-AG, Nrf2 signaling, acetylcholinesterase, PI3K-Akt signaling, ferroptosis, gut-brain axis, TLR4 signaling, endoplasmic reticulum stress, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, and PPARγ signaling pathway. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to highlight the potential therapeutic effects of Forsythiae Fructus on the central nervous system and summarize the current knowledge on the active ingredients of Forsythiae Fructus and their effects on different pathways involved in neuroprotection. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this review, we conducted a comprehensive search of databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, China Knowledge Resource Integrated, local dissertations and books) up until June 2023 using key terms such as Forsythia suspensa, Forsythiae Fructus, forsythiaside, isoforsythiaside, forsythin, phillyrin, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, aging, and herpes simplex virus encephalitis. RESULTS Our findings indicate that Forsythiae Fructus and its active ingredients own therapeutic effects on the central nervous system by modulating various pathways, including oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, NF-κB signaling, 2-AG, Nrf2 signaling, acetylcholinesterase, PI3K-Akt signaling, ferroptosis, the gut-brain axis, TLR4 signaling, endoplasmic reticulum stress, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, and PPARγ signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Forsythiae Fructus and its active ingredients have demonstrated promising neuroprotective properties. Future in vivo and clinical studies of Forsythiae Fructus and its active ingredients should be conducted to establish precise dosage and standard guidelines for a more effective application in the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leying Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao St, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Fenglong Lang
- Department of Neurology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao St, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao St, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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Wang C, Cui X, Dong Z, Liu Y, Xia P, Wang X, Zhang Z, Yu S, Wu S, Liu H, Zong S, Lu Z. Attenuated memory impairment and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease by aucubin via the inhibition of ERK-FOS axis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111312. [PMID: 38043266 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative illness accompanied by cognitive and memory loss. In addition to the widely accepted, convincing amyloid cascade hypothesis, the activation of glial cells and neuroinflammation, especially the microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, has an essential role in the development and progression of AD. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory treatment is becoming a promising therapeutic strategy. Aucubin (Au) is a natural product derived from many plants with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Up to now, no research has been conducted to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of Au and its neuroprotective quality on AD and the potential molecular mechanisms of its medical roles. In our study, the results of network pharmacology revealed the potential therapeutic effect of Au on AD. The results of studies in vivo showed that Au improved the behaviors, counteracted cognitive and memory deficits, and ameliorated AD-like pathological features of the mouse brain, e.g., the deposition of Aβ plaques, neuronal damage, and inflammatory responses induced by glial cell overactivation, in APP/PS1 mice. The transcriptome sequencing further confirmed that the pathological symptoms of AD could be reversed by inhibiting the ERK/FOS axis to alleviate the inflammatory response. The in vitro experiments revealed that Au suppressed the BV2 cell activation, inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and the expression of c-FOS, and reduced the LPS-induced inflammatory mediator production by BV2 cells and primary astrocytes. Our study suggested that Au exerted its neuroprotective effects by inhibiting the inflammatory responses, which could be a promising treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenfang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yingchao Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Pengcheng Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuyi Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuai Zong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhiming Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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15
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Li S, Li Y, Hou L, Tang L, Gao F. Forsythoside B alleviates osteoarthritis through the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23569. [PMID: 37943572 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint pain and dysfunction syndrome resulting from severe joint degeneration. Inflammation and degeneration of the articular cartilage are two main features of OA and have tight interactions during OA progression. Conventional treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs has been widely utilized clinically, whereas the side effects have restricted their application. Forsythoside B has been found with anti-inflammatory effects and antiapoptosis in inflammatory diseases, whereas in OA it remains poorly understood. Interleukin (IL)-1β (10 ng/mL) was taken to induce an OA cell model on HC-A chondrocytes and an OA rat model was constructed for in vivo experiments. Forsythoside B was adopted to treat HC-A chondrocytes and OA rats. As shown by the data, Forsythoside B hampered IL-1β-elicited rat chondrocyte apoptosis, oxidative stress, and facilitated proliferation. The profiles of inflammatory factors, NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasomes, Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-associated protein-1 (Keap1), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) phosphorylation were suppressed by Forsythoside B, whereas the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) levels were promoted. Further, Forsythoside B mitigated cartilage damage and degeneration. Moreover, the oxidative stress and inflammation mediators in the cartilage tissue of OA rats were remarkably abated. Collectively, Forsythoside B hinders the NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathways to curb IL-1β-elicited OA rat oxidative stress and inflammation both in vivo and ex vivo, ameliorating OA development. All over, this study provides an underlying strategy for treating OA, which might help the clinical treatment of OA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Li
- Neurology Department, Wuxi People Hosptial, Wuxi, China
| | - Yan Li
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Hou
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Li Tang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Gao
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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16
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Li Y, Chen X, Zhou M, Feng S, Peng X, Wang Y. Microglial TLR4/NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:75-88. [PMID: 38043010 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a pervasive neurodegenerative disease that is estimated to represent approximately 70% of dementia cases worldwide, and the molecular complexity that has been highlighted remains poorly understood. The accumulation of extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ), intracellular neurofibrillary tangles formed by tau hyperphosphorylation, and neuroinflammation are the major pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Over the years, there has been no apparent breakthrough in drug discovery based on the Aβ and tau hypotheses. Neuroinflammation has gradually become a hot spot in AD treatment research. As the primary cells of innate immunity in the central nervous system, microglia play a key role in neuroinflammation. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes are vital molecules in neuroinflammation. In the pathological context of AD, the complex interplay between TLR4 and the NLRP3 inflammasomes in microglia influences AD pathology via neuroinflammation. In this review, the effect of the activation and inhibition of TLR4 and NLRP3 in microglia on AD pathology, as well as the cross-talk between TLR4 and the NLRP3 inflammasome, and the influence of essential molecules in the relevant signaling pathway on AD pathology, were expounded. In addition, the feasibility of these factors in representing a potential treatment option for AD has been clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiongjin Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mulan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Maoming, China
| | - Sifan Feng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoping Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Zhang Y, Lin Y, Wu K, Jiang M, Li L, Liu Y. Pleurotus abieticola Polysaccharide Alleviates Hyperlipidemia Symptoms via Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-κB/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3-Mediated Inflammatory Responses. Nutrients 2023; 15:4904. [PMID: 38068762 PMCID: PMC10708251 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia (HLP) is a metabolic syndrome induced by obesity, which has been widely recognized as a significant threat to human health. Pleurotus abieticola, an edible lignin-degrading fungus, remains relatively understudied in terms of its bioactivity and medicinal properties. In this study, the lipid-lowering effect of Pleurotus abieticola polysaccharide (PAPS1) was systematically explored in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced HLP mice. The findings demonstrated that the administration of PAPS1 significantly inhibited bodyweight gain, ameliorated blood glucose and lipid levels, reduced fat accumulation, and mitigated hepatic injury in HLP mice. In addition, PAPS1 demonstrated the capability to increase the levels of three distinct fecal metabolites while simultaneously reducing the levels of eight other fecal metabolites in HLP mice. According to biological detection, PAPS1 reduced the hepatic level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β, -6, -17A, -22, and -23, and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. Combined with proteomics, Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis showed that PAPS1 exerted suppressive effects on inflammation and oxidative damage by inhibiting the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in HLP mice. These findings offer evidence supporting the effectiveness of PAPS1 as a therapeutic agent in reducing lipid levels through its targeting of chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Yingjie Lin
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Keyi Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Ming Jiang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang 157011, China;
| | - Lanzhou Li
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Yang Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (K.W.)
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Zhang M, Zheng H, He J, Zhang M. Network pharmacology and in vivo studies reveal the neuroprotective effects of paeoniflorin on Alzheimer's disease. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21800. [PMID: 38027768 PMCID: PMC10661068 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that has still not been effectively treated. Paeoniflorin is a traditional Chinese medicine with potential neuroprotective effects against brain injury; however, the beneficial effects and mechanisms of action in AD have not been clarified. We aimed to explore the mechanisms of action of paeoniflorin in AD using network pharmacology and experimental validation. Network pharmacology analysis revealed 30 candidate targets through the intersection of the targets of paeoniflorin and related genes in AD, which were mainly enriched in oxidative stress and inflammation. Moreover, key targets of paeoniflorin against AD, namely Nrf2 (encoded by NFE2L2) and TLR4, were screened and found to be closely related to oxidative stress and inflammation. Subsequent in vivo experiments revealed that paeoniflorin treatment improved the cognition of APP/PS1 mice by ameliorating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which were associated with the upregulation of Nrf2 and HO1, and the downregulation of TLR4. Collectively, the present study demonstrates that paeoniflorin alleviates cognitive impairment in AD by regulating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, and that Nrf2, HO1, and TLR4 could be key targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiale He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Anhui, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Anhui, China
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Zheng Y, Zhang X, Zhang R, Wang Z, Gan J, Gao Q, Yang L, Xu P, Jiang X. Inflammatory signaling pathways in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with inhibitors, natural products and metabolites (Review). Int J Mol Med 2023; 52:111. [PMID: 37800614 PMCID: PMC10558228 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The intricate nature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis poses a persistent obstacle to drug development. In recent times, neuroinflammation has emerged as a crucial pathogenic mechanism of AD, and the targeting of inflammation has become a viable approach for the prevention and management of AD. The present study conducted a comprehensive review of the literature between October 2012 and October 2022, identifying a total of 96 references, encompassing 91 distinct pharmaceuticals that have been investigated for their potential impact on AD by inhibiting neuroinflammation. Research has shown that pharmaceuticals have the potential to ameliorate AD by reducing neuroinflammation mainly through regulating inflammatory signaling pathways such as NF‑κB, MAPK, NLRP3, PPARs, STAT3, CREB, PI3K/Akt, Nrf2 and their respective signaling pathways. Among them, tanshinone IIA has been extensively studied for its anti‑inflammatory effects, which have shown significant pharmacological properties and can be applied clinically. Thus, it may hold promise as an effective drug for the treatment of AD. The present review elucidated the inflammatory signaling pathways of pharmaceuticals that have been investigated for their therapeutic efficacy in AD and elucidates their underlying mechanisms. This underscores the auspicious potential of pharmaceuticals in ameliorating AD by impeding neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ruifeng Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Jiali Gan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Qing Gao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Lin Yang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Pengjuan Xu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
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20
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Sivamaruthi BS, Raghani N, Chorawala M, Bhattacharya S, Prajapati BG, Elossaily GM, Chaiyasut C. NF-κB Pathway and Its Inhibitors: A Promising Frontier in the Management of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2587. [PMID: 37761028 PMCID: PMC10526355 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway has emerged as a pivotal player in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including neurodegenerative illnesses like Alzheimer's disease (AD). The involvement of the NF-κB pathway in immune system responses, inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal survival highlights its significance in AD progression. We discuss the advantages of NF-κB pathway inhibition, including the potential to mitigate neuroinflammation, modulate amyloid beta (Aβ) production, and promote neuronal survival. However, we also acknowledge the limitations and challenges associated with this approach. Balancing the fine line between dampening inflammation and preserving physiological immune responses is critical to avoid unintended consequences. This review combines current knowledge on the NF-κB pathway's intricate involvement in AD pathogenesis, emphasizing its potential as a therapeutic target. By evaluating both advantages and limitations, we provide a holistic view of the feasibility and challenges of NF-κB pathway modulation in AD treatment. As the quest for effective AD therapies continues, an in-depth understanding of the NF-κB pathway's multifaceted roles will guide the development of targeted interventions with the potential to improve AD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Neha Raghani
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, India
| | - Mehul Chorawala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, India
| | - Sankha Bhattacharya
- School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM’S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur 425405, India
| | - Bhupendra G. Prajapati
- Shree S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Mehsana 384012, India
| | - Gehan M. Elossaily
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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21
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Sara Salahuddin H, Attaullah S, Ali Shah S, Khan S, Zahid M, Ullah M, Khayyam, Salahuddin S, Gul S, Alsugoor MH. Ranuncoside's attenuation of scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice via Nrf2 and NF-ĸB signaling. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101702. [PMID: 37533493 PMCID: PMC10391653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Scopolamine is a well-known pharmacological agent responsible for causing memory impairment in animals, as well as oxidative stress and neuroinflammation inducer which lead to the development of Alzheimer disease. Although a cure for Alzheimer's disease is unavailable. Ranuncoside, a metabolite obtained from a medicinal plant has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro, making it a promising treatment with potential anti-Alzheimer disease properties. However, as ranuncoside has not been evaluated for its antioxidant and anti-neuroinflammatory properties in any in vivo model, our study aimed to evaluate its neurotherapeutic efficacy against scopolamine-induced memory impairment in adult male albino mice. Mice were randomly divided into four experimental groups. Mice of group I was injected with saline, group II was injected with scopolamine (1 mg/kg/day) for 3 weeks. After receiving a daily injection of scopolamine for 1 week, the mice of group III were injected with ranuncoside (10 mg/kg) every other day for 2 weeks along with scopolamine daily and group IV were injected with ranuncoside on 5th alternate days. Behavioral tests (i.e., Morris water maze and Y-maze) were performed to determine the memory-enhancing effect of ranuncoside against scopolamine's memory deleterious effect. Western blot analysis was also performed to further elucidate the anti-neuroinflammatory and antioxidant effects of ranuncoside against scopolamine-induced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Our results showed memory-enhancing, anti-neuroinflammatory effect, and antioxidant effects of ranuncoside against scopolamine by increasing the expression of the endogenous antioxidant system (i.e., Nrf2 and HO-1), followed by blocking neuroinflammatory markers such as NF-κB, COX-2, and TNF-α. The results also revealed that ranuncoside possesses hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects against scopolamine-induced hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in mice as well as scopolamine's hyperglycemic effect. In conclusion, our findings suggest that ranuncoside could be a potential agent for the management of Alzheimer's disease, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sobia Attaullah
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Ali Shah
- Neuro Molecular Medicine Research Centre (NMMRC), Ring Road, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
- The University of Haripur, KPK, Pakistan
| | - SanaUllah Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahid
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mujeeb Ullah
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Khayyam
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Salahuddin
- Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Seema Gul
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mahdi H Alsugoor
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, College of Health Sciences-AlQunfudah, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia
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Mei Z, Liu J, Schroeder JP, Weinshenker D, Duong DM, Seyfried NT, Li Y, Jin P, Wingo AP, Wingo TS. Lowering hippocampal miR-29a expression slows cognitive decline and reduces beta-amyloid deposition in 5xFAD mice. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3235257. [PMID: 37645711 PMCID: PMC10462195 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3235257/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
microRNA-29a (miR-29a) increases with age in humans and mice, and, in the brain, it has a role in neuronal maturation and response to inflammation. We previously associated higher miR-29a levels in human brain with faster antemortem cognitive decline, suggesting that lowering miR-29a levels could ameliorate memory impairment in the 5xFAD AD mouse model. To test this hypothesis, we generated an adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing GFP and a miR-29a "sponge" or empty vector. We found that the AAV expressing miR-29a sponge functionally reduced miR-29a levels, and improved measures of memory in the Morris water maze and fear condition paradigms when sponge delivered to hippocampi of 5XFAD and WT mice. miR-29a sponge expression significantly reduced hippocampal beta-amyloid deposition in 5XFAD mice and lowered astrocyte and microglia activation in both 5XFAD and WT mice. Using transcriptomic and proteomic sequencing, we identified Plxna1 and Wdfy1 as putative effectors at the transcript and protein level in WT and 5XFAD mice, respectively. These data indicate that miR-29a promotes AD-like neuropathology and negatively regulates cognition, making it and its target genes attractive therapeutic targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease.
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23
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Zhang X, Gao R, Zhang C, Teng Y, Chen H, Li Q, Liu C, Wu J, Wei L, Deng L, Wu L, Ye-Lehmann S, Mao X, Liu J, Zhu T, Chen C. Extracellular RNAs-TLR3 signaling contributes to cognitive impairment after chronic neuropathic pain in mice. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:292. [PMID: 37544956 PMCID: PMC10404588 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01543-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is often associated with cognitive decline, which could influence the quality of the patient's life. Recent studies have suggested that Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is crucial for memory and learning. Nonetheless, the contribution of TLR3 to the pathogenesis of cognitive decline after chronic pain remains unclear. The level of TLR3 in hippocampal neurons increased in the chronic constriction injury (CCI) group than in the sham group in this study. Importantly, compared to the wild-type (WT) mice, TLR3 knockout (KO) mice and TLR3-specific neuronal knockdown mice both displayed improved cognitive function, reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines and neuronal apoptosis and attenuated injury to hippocampal neuroplasticity. Notably, extracellular RNAs (exRNAs), specifically double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), were increased in the sciatic nerve, serum, and hippocampus after CCI. The co-localization of dsRNA with TLR3 was also increased in hippocampal neurons. And the administration of poly (I:C), a dsRNA analog, elevated the levels of dsRNAs and TLR3 in the hippocampus, exacerbating hippocampus-dependent memory. In additon, the dsRNA/TLR3 inhibitor improved cognitive function after CCI. Together, our findings suggested that exRNAs, particularly dsRNAs, that were present in the condition of chronic neuropathic pain, activated TLR3, initiated downstream inflammatory and apoptotic signaling, caused damage to synaptic plasticity, and contributed to the etiology of cognitive impairment after chronic neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changteng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Teng
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changliang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liuxing Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liyun Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lining Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shixin Ye-Lehmann
- Diseases and Hormones of the Nervous System, University of Paris-Scalay Bicêtre Hosptial, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Xiaobo Mao
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Cell Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Chan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- The Research Units of West China (2018RU012)-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Cheng M, Ye C, Tian C, Zhao D, Li H, Sun Z, Miao Y, Zhang Q, Wang J, Dou Y. Engineered macrophage-biomimetic versatile nanoantidotes for inflammation-targeted therapy against Alzheimer's disease by neurotoxin neutralization and immune recognition suppression. Bioact Mater 2023; 26:337-352. [PMID: 36950153 PMCID: PMC10027514 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune recognition of excessive neurotoxins by microglia is a trigger for the onset of neuroinflammation in the brain, leading to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Blocking active recognition of microglia while removing neurotoxins holds promise for fundamentally alleviating neurotoxin-induced immune responses, but is very challenging. Herein, an engineered macrophage-biomimetic versatile nanoantidote (OT-Lipo@M) is developed for inflammation-targeted therapy against AD by neurotoxin neutralization and immune recognition suppression. Coating macrophage membranes can not only endow OT-Lipo@M with anti-phagocytic and inflammation-tropism capabilities to target inflammatory lesions in AD brain, but also efficiently reduce neurotoxin levels to prevent them from activating microglia. The loaded oxytocin (OT) can be slowly released to downregulate the expression of immune recognition site Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on microglia, inhibiting TLR4-mediated pro-inflammatory signalling cascade. Benefiting from this two-pronged immunosuppressive strategy, OT-Lipo@M exhibits outstanding therapeutic effects on ameliorating cognitive deficits, inhibiting neuronal apoptosis, and enhancing synaptic plasticity in AD mice, accompanied by the delayed hippocampal atrophy and brain microstructural disruption by in vivo 9.4T MR imaging. This work provides new insights into potential AD therapeutics targeting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation at the source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Cheng
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, PR China
| | - Caihua Ye
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, PR China
| | - Chunxiao Tian
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, PR China
| | - Dongju Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Haonan Li
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, PR China
| | - Zuhao Sun
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, PR China
| | - Yuyang Miao
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, 300052, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, 300052, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Junping Wang
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yan Dou
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, PR China
- Corresponding author.
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25
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Neuroprotective effects of curculigoside against Alzheimer’s disease via regulation oxidative stress mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in L-Glu-exposed HT22 cells and APP/PS1 mice. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kim MY, Kim S, Lee J, Kim JI, Oh E, Kim SW, Lee E, Cho KS, Kim CS, Lee MH. Lignan-Rich Sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.) Cultivar Exhibits In Vitro Anti-Cholinesterase Activity, Anti-Neurotoxicity in Amyloid-β Induced SH-SY5Y Cells, and Produces an In Vivo Nootropic Effect in Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impaired Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051110. [PMID: 37237976 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, a major cause of dementia, is characterized by impaired cholinergic function, increased oxidative stress, and amyloid cascade induction. Sesame lignans have attracted considerable attention owing to their beneficial effects on brain health. This study investigated the neuroprotective potential of lignan-rich sesame cultivars. Among the 10 sesame varieties studied, Milyang 74 (M74) extracts exhibited the highest total lignan content (17.71 mg/g) and in vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity (66.17%, 0.4 mg/mL). M74 extracts were the most effective in improving cell viability and inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) generation in amyloid-β25-35 fragment-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Thus, M74 was used to evaluate the nootropic effects of sesame extracts and oil on scopolamine (2 mg/kg)-induced memory impairment in mice compared to the control cultivar (Goenback). Pretreatment with the M74 extract (250 and 500 mg/kg) and oil (1 and 2 mL/kg) effectively improved memory disorder in mice (demonstrated by the passive avoidance test), inhibited AChE, and enhanced acetylcholine (Ach) levels. Moreover, immunohistochemistry and Western blot results showed that the M74 extract and oil reversed the scopolamine-induced increase in APP, BACE-1, and presenilin expression levels in the amyloid cascade and decreased BDNF and NGF expression levels in neuronal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Young Kim
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Milyang 50424, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungup Kim
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Milyang 50424, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongeun Lee
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Milyang 50424, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-In Kim
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Milyang 50424, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Oh
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Milyang 50424, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Kim
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Milyang 50424, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsoo Lee
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Milyang 50424, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Soo Cho
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Milyang 50424, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Song Kim
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Milyang 50424, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Hee Lee
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Milyang 50424, Republic of Korea
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Kianmehr M, Behdadfard M, Hedayati-Moghadam M, Khazdair MR. Effects of Herbs and Derived Natural Products on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity: A Literature Review. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:7675183. [PMID: 37102170 PMCID: PMC10125742 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7675183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Oxidative stress (OS) during inflammation can increase inflammatory responses and damage tissue. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can induce oxidative stress and inflammation in several organs. Natural products have several biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunoregulatory properties. The aims of the study are to study the possible therapeutic effects of natural products on LPS inducing toxicity on the nervous system, lung, liver, and immune system. Methods The in vitro and in vivo research articles that were published in the last 5 years were included in the current study. The keywords included "lipopolysaccharide," "toxicity," "natural products," and "plant extract" were searched in different databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar until October 2021. Results The results of most studies indicated that some medicinal herbs and their potent natural products can help to prevent, treat, and manage LPS-induced toxicity. Medicinal herbs and plant-derived natural products showed promising effects on managing and treating oxidative stress, inflammation, and immunomodulation by several mechanisms. Conclusion However, these findings provide information about natural products for the prevention and treatment of LPS-induced toxicity, but the scientific validation of natural products requires more evidence on animal models to replace modern commercial medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Behdadfard
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Alsayegh AA, Hakami ZH, Khamjan NA, Saad HM, Batiha GES, De Waard M. A Potential Link Between Visceral Obesity and Risk of Alzheimer's Disease. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:745-766. [PMID: 36409447 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03817-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia characterized by the deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and tau-neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Visceral obesity (VO) is usually associated with low-grade inflammation due to higher expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by adipose tissue. The objective of the present review was to evaluate the potential link between VO and the development of AD. Tissue hypoxia in obesity promotes tissue injury, production of adipocytokines, and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines leading to an oxidative-inflammatory loop with induction of insulin resistance. Importantly, brain insulin signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of AD and lower cognitive function. Obesity and enlargement of visceral adipose tissue are associated with the deposition of Aβ. All of this is consonant with VO increasing the risk of AD through the dysregulation of adipocytokines which affect the development of AD. The activated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway in VO might be a potential link in the development of AD. Likewise, the higher concentration of advanced glycation end-products in VO could be implicated in the pathogenesis of AD. Taken together, different inflammatory signaling pathways are activated in VO that all have a negative impact on the cognitive function and progression of AD except hypoxia-inducible factor 1 which has beneficial and neuroprotective effects in mitigating the progression of AD. In addition, VO-mediated hypoadiponectinemia and leptin resistance may promote the progression of Aβ formation and tau phosphorylation with the development of AD. In conclusion, VO-induced AD is mainly mediated through the induction of oxidative stress, inflammatory changes, leptin resistance, and hypoadiponectinemia that collectively trigger Aβ formation and neuroinflammation. Thus, early recognition of VO by visceral adiposity index with appropriate management could be a preventive measure against the development of AD in patients with VO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, Medical Faculty, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, Medical Faculty, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Abdulrahman A Alsayegh
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Applied Medical Sciences College, Jazan University, Jazan, 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaki H Hakami
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department Applied Medical Sciences College, Jazan University, Jazan, 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nizar A Khamjan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Marsa Matruh, 51744, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt.
| | - Michel De Waard
- Smartox Biotechnology, 6 rue des Platanes, 38120, Saint-Egrève, France.,L'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV NANTES, 44007, Nantes, France.,LabEx «Ion Channels, Science & Therapeutics», Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
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Wang YT, Lu K, Yao DD, Zhang SX, Chen G. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of Forsythiaside B on complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 645:55-60. [PMID: 36680937 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is frequently reported in clinical practice. Therefore, it is important to identify effective therapy to relieve pain. In this work, we selected Forsythoside B (FB), a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, to evaluate its effect in modulating inflammatory pain induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and the involved mechanisms. We discovered that FB could attenuate inflammatory pain triggered by CFA injection and exert anti-anxiety effects. In detail, proinflammatory cytokines, consisting of IL-6 and TNF-α, were decreased after FB administration in the CFA-injected mice. Furthermore, the FB application ameliorated the activation of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the microglia and astrocytes markers respectively. Therefore, our findings indicate that FB could be a promising treatment for chronic inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan-Dan Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shu-Xia Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Yang CZ, Wang SH, Zhang RH, Lin JH, Tian YH, Yang YQ, Liu J, Ma YX. Neuroprotective effect of astragalin via activating PI3K/Akt-mTOR-mediated autophagy on APP/PS1 mice. Cell Death Dis 2023; 9:15. [PMID: 36681681 PMCID: PMC9867706 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01324-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
As a small molecule flavonoid, astragalin (AST) has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-oxidation effects. However, the impact and molecular mechanism of AST in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are still not clear. This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of AST on APP/PS1 mice and Aβ25-35-injured HT22 cells. In this study, we found that AST ameliorated cognitive dysfunction, reduced hippocampal neuronal damage and loss, and Aβ pathology in APP/PS1 mice. Subsequently, AST activated autophagy and up-regulated the levels of autophagic flux-related protein in APP/PS1 mice and Aβ25-35-induced injury in HT22 cells. Interestingly, AST down-regulated the phosphorylation level of PI3K/Akt-mTOR pathway-related proteins, which was reversed by autophagy inhibitors 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) or Bafilomycin A1 (Baf A1). At the same time, consistent with the impacts of Akt inhibitor MK2206 and mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, inhibited levels of autophagy in Aβ25-35-injured HT22 cells were activated by the administration of AST. Taken together, these results suggested that AST played key neuroprotective roles on AD via stimulating PI3K/Akt-mTOR pathway-mediated autophagy and autophagic flux. This study revealed a new mechanism of autophagy regulation behind the neuroprotection impact of AST for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Zhu Yang
- grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Department of Anatomy, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Han Wang
- grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Department of Anatomy, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Run-Heng Zhang
- grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Department of Anatomy, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Hong Lin
- grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Department of Anatomy, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Hong Tian
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Experiment Teaching & Administration Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Qi Yang
- grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Department of Anatomy, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Department of Anatomy, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Xin Ma
- grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Department of Anatomy, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China ,grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Wang C, Zong S, Cui X, Wang X, Wu S, Wang L, Liu Y, Lu Z. The effects of microglia-associated neuroinflammation on Alzheimer's disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1117172. [PMID: 36911732 PMCID: PMC9992739 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1117172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is defined as a severe chronic degenerative neurological disease in human. The pathogenic mechanism of AD has been convincingly elucidated by the "amyloid cascade hypothesis" with the main focus of the pathological accretion of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides outside the cell. However, increasing evidence suggests that this hypothesis is weak in explaining the pathogenesis of AD. Neuroinflammation is crucial in the development of AD, which is proven by the elevated levels of inflammatory markers and the identification of AD risk genes relevant to the innate immune function. Here, we summarize the effects of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation on AD, focusing on the temporal and spatial changes in microglial phenotype, the interactions among microglia, Aβ, tau, and neurons, and the prospects and recent advances in neuroinflammation as a diagnostic and therapeutic target of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuai Zong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yingchao Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiming Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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The Pivotal Role of NF-kB in the Pathogenesis and Therapeutics of Alzheimer’s Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168972. [PMID: 36012242 PMCID: PMC9408758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide, with a high prevalence that is expected to double every 20 years. Besides the formation of Aβ plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, neuroinflammation is one the major phenotypes that worsens AD progression. Indeed, the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a well-established inflammatory transcription factor that fuels neurodegeneration. Thus, in this review, we provide an overview of the NF-κB role in the pathogenesis of AD, including its interaction with various molecular factors in AD mice models, neurons, and glial cells. Some of these cell types and molecules include reactive microglia and astrocytes, β-secretase, APOE, glutamate, miRNA, and tau protein, among others. Due to the multifactorial nature of AD development and the failure of many drugs designed to dampen AD progression, the pursuit of novel targets for AD therapeutics, including the NF-κB signaling pathway, is rising. Herein, we provide a synopsis of the drug development landscape for AD treatment, offering the perspective that NF-κB inhibitors may generate widespread interest in AD research in the future. Ultimately, the additional investigation of compounds and small molecules that target NF-κB signaling and the complete understanding of NF-κB mechanistic activation in different cell types will broaden and provide more therapeutic options for AD patients.
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Xia M, Zhang Y, Wu H, Zhang Q, Liu Q, Li G, Zhao T, Liu X, Zheng S, Qian Z, Li H. Forsythoside B attenuates neuro-inflammation and neuronal apoptosis by inhibition of NF-κB and p38-MAPK signaling pathways through activating Nrf2 post spinal cord injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109120. [PMID: 35944463 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a ruinous neurological pathology that results in locomotor and sensory impairment. Neuro-inflammation and secondary neuronal apoptosis contribute to SCI, with anti-inflammatory therapies the focus of many SCI studies. Forsythoside B (FTS•B), a phenylethanoid glycoside extracted from the leaves of Lamiophlomis rotata Kudo, has been shown previously to have anti-inflammatory properties. Nevertheless, the therapeutic effect of FTS•B on neuro-inflammation after SCI is unknown. METHODS Neuro-inflammation was assessed by western blotting (WB), immunofluorescence (IF) staining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) both in vitro and in vivo. Secondary neuronal apoptosis was simulated in a microglia-neuron co-culture model with the degree of apoptosis measured by WB, IF, and TUNEL staining. In vivo, FTS•B (10 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected into SCI mice. Morphological changes following SCI were evaluated by Nissl, Hematoxylin-eosin, and Luxol Fast Blue staining. Basso Mouse Scale scores were used to evaluate locomotor function recovery. RESULTS FTS•B markedly decreased the levels of iNOS, COX-2 and signature mediators of inflammation. Phosphorylated p38 and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) were markedly decreased by FTS•B. Additionally, FTS•B-induced inhibition of NF-κB and p38-MAPK signaling pathways was reversed by Nrf2 downregulation. Administration of FTS•B also significantly reduced apoptosis-related protein levels indicating that FTS•B ameliorated secondary neuronal apoptosis. FTS•B administration inhibited glial scar formation, decreased neuronal death, tissue deficiency, alleviated demyelination, and promoted locomotor recovery. CONCLUSION FTS•B effectively attenuates neuro-inflammation and secondary neuronal apoptosis by inhibition of NF-κB and p38-MAPK signaling pathways through activating Nrf2 after SCI. This study demonstrates FTS•B to be a potential therapeutic for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Postgraduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Honghui Wu
- Postgraduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qinyang Zhang
- Postgraduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiangxian Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangshen Li
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tianyu Zhao
- Postgraduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xuepeng Liu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shengnai Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhanyang Qian
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Haijun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China; Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China.
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Ding MR, Qu YJ, Hu B, An HM. Signal pathways in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with traditional Chinese medicine. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113208. [PMID: 35660246 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM OF THE REVIEW This study aimed to reveal the classical signal pathways and important potential targets of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD), and provide support for further investigation on TCM and its active ingredients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature survey was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CNKI, and other databases, with "Alzheimer's disease," "traditional Chinese medicine," "medicinal herb," "Chinese herb," and "natural plant" as the primary keywords. RESULTS TCM could modulate signal pathways related to AD pathological progression, including NF-κB, Nrf2, JAK/STAT, ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, autophagy-lysosome pathway-related AMPK/mTOR, GSK-3/mTOR, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR, as well as SIRT1 and PPARα pathway. It could regulate crosstalk between pathways through a multitarget, thus maintaining chronic inflammatory interaction balance, inhibiting oxidative stress damage, regulating ubiquitin-proteasome system function, modulating autophagy, and eventually improving cognitive impairment in patients with AD. CONCLUSION TCM could be multilevel, multitargeted, and multifaceted to prevent and treat AD. In-depth research on the prevention and treatment of AD with TCM could provide new ideas for exploring the pathogenesis of AD and developing new anti-AD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Rui Ding
- Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan-Jie Qu
- Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Hong-Mei An
- Department of Science & Technology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Yang HX, Liu QP, Zhou YX, Chen YY, An P, Xing YZ, Zhang L, Jia M, Zhang H. Forsythiasides: A review of the pharmacological effects. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:971491. [PMID: 35958429 PMCID: PMC9357976 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.971491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Forsythiasides are a kind of phenylethanol glycosides existing in Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, which possesses extensive pharmacological activities. According to the different groups connected to the nucleus, forsythiasides can be divided into A-K. In recent years, numerous investigations have been carried out on forsythiasides A, B, C, D, E, and I, which have the effects of cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, neuroprotection, et al. Mechanistically, forsythiasides regulate toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB), nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and other signaling pathways, as well as the expression of related cytokines and kinases. Further exploration and development may unearth more treatment potential of forsythiasides and provide more evidence for their clinical applications. In summary, forsythiasides have high development and application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xuan Yang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Xi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Library, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Ying Chen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei An
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Zhuo Xing
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Zhang,
| | - Min Jia
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Min Jia,
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Hong Zhang,
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Liu L, Sun Y, Wen C, Jiang T, Tian W, Xie X, Cui X, Lu R, Feng J, Jin A, Wen S, Wei W. Metabolome analysis of genus Forsythia related constituents in Forsythia suspensa leaves and fruits using UPLC-ESI-QQQ-MS/MS technique. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269915. [PMID: 35763534 PMCID: PMC9239459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Forsythia suspensa is a traditional Chinese herb. Its numerous metabolites have important roles, as they possessed a wide range of biological activities. This study explored the accumulations of F. suspensa metabolites by performing widely targeted metabolomic analysis. The metabolites were studied at four stages of fruit development. Metabolites in the fruits and leaves of F. suspensa during fruit development included phenolic acids, flavonoids, lipids, lignans and coumarins, amino acids and their derivatives, terpenes, organic acids, nucleotides and their derivatives, alkaloids, quinones, steroids, and tannins. Fourteen Forsythia related metabolites were detected. Their contents varied among the developmental stages. Statistically significant correlations were found between the levels of forsythoside B and 11-methyl-forsythide, and forsythialan B and phillygenin, in both leaves and fruits. According to the correlation analysis between metabolites, Forsythia related metabolites were divided into two classes and five subclasses. In total, 33 compounds presented significant correlations in both fruits and leaves, which indicated the potential relationship in the synthesis of Forsythia related metabolites. Forsythialan B and phillygenin were both negatively correlated with L-valine, while Z-6,7-epoxyligustilid was positively correlated with both compounds. The quality control compounds forsythiaside A and phillyrin were positively and negatively correlated with uracil, respectively. These metabolomics results may facilitate the biosynthesis of Forsythia related metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingdi Liu
- Institute of Cash Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Medicinal Plant Engineering Technology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Shijiazhuang Institute of Pomology, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Chunxiu Wen
- Institute of Cash Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Medicinal Plant Engineering Technology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Tao Jiang
- Institute of Cash Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Medicinal Plant Engineering Technology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Institute of Cash Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Medicinal Plant Engineering Technology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoliang Xie
- Institute of Cash Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Medicinal Plant Engineering Technology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xusheng Cui
- Shijiazhuang Yiling Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ruike Lu
- Institute of Cash Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Medicinal Plant Engineering Technology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jiaxing Feng
- Institute of Cash Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Medicinal Plant Engineering Technology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Aihong Jin
- Institute of Cash Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Medicinal Plant Engineering Technology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Saiqun Wen
- Institute of Cash Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Medicinal Plant Engineering Technology Research Center, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Shijiazhuang Institute of Pomology, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Ramesh M, Balachandra C, Andhare P, Govindaraju T. Rationally Designed Molecules Synergistically Modulate Multifaceted Aβ Toxicity, Microglial Activation, and Neuroinflammation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2209-2221. [PMID: 35759686 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Synergistic modulation of multifaceted toxicity is the key to tackle multifactorial Alzheimer's disease (AD). The etiology of AD includes amyloid β (Aβ) amyloidosis, metal ion dyshomeostasis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and neuroinflammation. We rationally designed multifunctional modulators by integrating pharmacophores for metal chelation, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and modulation of Aβ42 aggregation on the naphthalene monoimide (NMI) scaffold. The in vitro and cellular studies of NMIs revealed that M3 synergistically modulates metal-independent and -dependent amyloid toxicity, scavenges ROS, alleviates oxidative stress, and emulates Nrf2-mediated stress response in neuronal cells. M3 effectively reduced structural and functional damage of mitochondria, reduced Cyt c levels, and rescued cells from apoptosis. The biological atomic force microscopy and Western blot analysis revealed the ability of M3 to suppress microglial activation and neuroinflammation through inhibition of the NF-κβ pathway. The synergistic action of M3 is in agreement with our design strategy to develop a multifunctional therapeutic candidate by integrating multiple pharmacophores with distinct structural and functional elements to ameliorate the multifaceted toxicity of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Ramesh
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India
| | - Chenikkayala Balachandra
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India
| | - Pradhnesh Andhare
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India
| | - Thimmaiah Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India
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Carbamate-based N-Substituted Tryptamine Derivatives as Novel Pleiotropic Molecules for Alzheimer's Disease. Bioorg Chem 2022; 125:105844. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Multiple Roles of Paeoniflorin in Alzheimer's Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2464163. [PMID: 35449815 PMCID: PMC9017479 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2464163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a geriatric disease with the morbidity and mortality continuing to grow, partly due to the aging of the world population. As one of the most common types of primary neurodegenerative dementia, it is mainly due to environmental, epigenetic, immunological, and genetic factors. Paeoniflorin (PF), the main component of paeony extract, plays a more and more important role in the prevention and treatment of AD, including regulating protein, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and antiapoptosis, protecting glial cells, regulating neurotransmitters and related enzymes and receptors, and inhibiting or activating related signal pathways. This article summarizes the latest researches on the multiple effects and the mechanisms of PF in the treatment to cure AD, providing new insights and research basis for further clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of AD.
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Choe K, Park HY, Ikram M, Lee HJ, Park TJ, Ullah R, Kim MO. Systematic Review of the Common Pathophysiological Mechanisms in COVID-19 and Neurodegeneration: The Role of Bioactive Compounds and Natural Antioxidants. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081298. [PMID: 35455977 PMCID: PMC9031507 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoVCOVID-19) belongs to the Beta coronavirus family, which contains MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus) and SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus). SARS-CoV-2 activates the innate immune system, thereby activating the inflammatory mechanism, causing the release of inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, it has been suggested that COVID-19 may penetrate the central nervous system, and release inflammatory cytokines in the brains, inducing neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Several links connect COVID-19 with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), such as elevated oxidative stress, uncontrolled release of the inflammatory cytokines, and mitochondrial apoptosis. There are severe concerns that excessive immune cell activation in COVID-19 may aggravate the neurodegeneration and amyloid-beta pathology of AD. Here, we have collected the evidence, showing the links between the two diseases. The focus has been made to collect the information on the activation of the inflammation, its contributors, and shared therapeutic targets. Furthermore, we have given future perspectives, research gaps, and overlapping pathological bases of the two diseases. Lastly, we have given the short touch to the drugs that have equally shown rescuing effects against both diseases. Although there is limited information available regarding the exact links between COVID-19 and neuroinflammation, we have insight into the pathological contributors of the diseases. Based on the shared pathological features and therapeutic targets, we hypothesize that the activation of the immune system may induce neurological disorders by triggering oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyonghwan Choe
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (K.C.); (M.I.); (H.J.L.); (R.U.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hyun Young Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht Medical Center, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (K.C.); (M.I.); (H.J.L.); (R.U.)
| | - Hyeon Jin Lee
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (K.C.); (M.I.); (H.J.L.); (R.U.)
| | - Tae Ju Park
- Haemato-Oncology/Systems Medicine Group, Paul O’Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences (MVLS), University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 0ZD, UK;
| | - Rahat Ullah
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (K.C.); (M.I.); (H.J.L.); (R.U.)
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (K.C.); (M.I.); (H.J.L.); (R.U.)
- Alz-Dementia Korea Co., Jinju 52828, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-772-1345; Fax: +82-55-772-2656
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Tecalco-Cruz AC, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Briones-Herrera A, Cruz-Ramos E, López-Canovas L, Zepeda-Cervantes J. Protein degradation-associated mechanisms that are affected in Alzheimer´s disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:915-925. [PMID: 35083609 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04334-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia associated with age-related neurodegeneration. Alteration of several molecular mechanisms has been correlated with the progression of AD. In recent years, dysregulation of proteostasis-associated pathways has emerged as a potential risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. This review investigated the ubiquitin-proteasome system, lysosome-associated degradation, endoplasmic-reticulum-associated degradation, and the formation of advanced glycation end products. These pathways involved in proteostasis have been reported to be altered in AD, suggesting that their study may be critical for identifying new biomarkers and target molecules for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeles C Tecalco-Cruz
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), Apdo. Postal 03100, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología. Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Briones-Herrera
- Departamento de Biología. Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Cruz-Ramos
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), Apdo. Postal 03100, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Lilia López-Canovas
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), Apdo. Postal 03100, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jesús Zepeda-Cervantes
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Ju F, Kuang QX, Li QZ, Huang LJ, Guo WX, Gong LQ, Dai YF, Wang L, Gu YC, Wang D, Deng Y, Guo DL. Aureonitol Analogues and Orsellinic Acid Esters Isolated from Chaetomium elatum and Their Antineuroinflammatory Activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:3044-3054. [PMID: 34846889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of various pro-inflammatory factors in microglial cells tends to induce neurodegenerative diseases, for which there is no effective therapy available. Aureonitol (1) and seven analogues, including six previously undescribed [elatumenol A-F (2-4, 6-8, respectively)], along with two new orsellinic acid esters [elatumone A and B (9 and 10)], were isolated from Chaetomium elatum. The structures of the compounds were established through comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data, including high-resolution mass spectra and one- and two-dimensional NMR, and absolute configurations determined by the Mosher method, dimolybdenum tetraacetate-induced circular dichroism, and theoretical calculations including electronic circular dichroism and NMR. Metabolites 3, 4, 7, and 8 exhibited antineuroinflammatory activity by attenuating the production of inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and reactive oxygen species. Western blot results indicated 8 decreases the level of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 and suppresses the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) as well as the phosphorylation of the inhibitor of NF-κB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases in lipopolysaccharide-activated BV-2 microglial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Xuan Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Zhou Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Jun Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Xiu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei-Qiang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Fei Dai
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Lun Wang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Cheng Gu
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Berkshire RG42 6EY, U.K
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Le Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, People's Republic of China
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Umuhengerin Neuroprotective Effects in Streptozotocin-Induced Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model via Targeting Nrf2 and NF-Kβ Signaling Cascades. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10122011. [PMID: 34943114 PMCID: PMC8698785 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10122011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and is characterized by advanced cognitive deterioration, deposition of Aβ (amyloid-beta), and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles. Administration of streptozotocin (STZ) via the intracerebroventricular (ICV) route is a reliable model resembling sporadic AD (SAD) associated neuropathological changes. The present study was undertaken to explore the neuroprotective effects of the methoxy flavonoid, umuhengerin, in an STZ-induced SAD mouse model as a potential therapy for AD. Mice were injected once with STZ (3 mg/kg, ICV), followed by daily administration of umuhengerin (orally, 30 mg/kg) or the positive control donepezil (orally, 2.5 mg/kg) for 21 days. The pharmacological activity of umuhengerin was assessed through estimation of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers via mouse ELISA kits, Western blot analysis, and brain histopathological examination. Morris water maze test was also conducted to investigate umuhengerin-induced cognitive enhancement. The results showed that umuhengerin attenuated STZ-produced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress with a notable rise in the expression of Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2). In contrast, it downregulated Keap-1 (Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1), as well as elevated brain contents of GSH (reduced glutathione) and HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1). STZ-injected animals receiving umuhengerin showed marked downregulation of the nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-Kβp65) and noticeable increment in the expression of its inhibitor kappa beta alpha protein (IKβα), as well as prominent reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide), and TNF-α (tumor-necrosis factor-alpha) contents. Β-secretase protein expression and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity were also diminished upon umuhengerin injection in the STZ group, leading to decreased Aβ formation and cognitive improvement, respectively. In conclusion, umuhengerin neuroprotective effects were comparable to the standard drug donepezil; thus, it could be an alternative approach for AD management.
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Simultaneous administration of bromodomain and histone deacetylase I inhibitors alleviates cognition deficit in Alzheimer's model of rats. Brain Res Bull 2021; 179:49-56. [PMID: 34915044 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histone deacetylases (HDACs) target various genes responsible for cognitive functions. However, chromatin readers, particularly bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), are capable to change the final products of genes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the simultaneous effects of inhibition of HDACs and BRD4 on spatial and aversive memories impaired by amyloid β (Aβ) in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) considering CREB and TNF-α signaling. METHODS Forty male Wistar rats aged 3 months were randomly divided into five groups: saline +DMSO, Aβ+saline+DMSO, Aβ+JQ1, Aβ+MS-275, Aβ+JQ1+MS-275, and received the related treatments. MS-275, is the second generation of HDACs inhibitor, and JQ1 is a potent inhibitor of the BET family of bromodomain proteins in mammals. After the treatments, cognitive function was assessed by Morris water maze (MWM) and passive avoidance learning (PAL). The hippocampal level of mRNA for CREB and TNF-α, and also phosphorylated CREB were measured using real-time PCR and western blotting respectively. RESULTS Administration of JQ1 and MS-275, either separately or simultaneously, improved acquisition and retrieval of spatial and aversive memories as it was evident by decreased escape latency and increased time spent in the target quadrant (TTS) in Morris water maze (MWM), together with increase in step-through latency, but reduced time spent in the dark zone time in passive avoidance learning (PAL) compared with Aβ+saline+DMSO. Furthermore, there was a significant rise in the hippocampal level of CREB mRNA and phosphorylated CREB, but a reduction in TNF-α expression in comparison with Aβ + Saline. CONCLUSION Simultaneous administration of JQ1 and MS-275 improves acquisition and retrieval of both spatial and aversive memories partly via CREB and TNF-α signaling with no superiority to monotherapy.
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Shao SY, Zhang F, Yang YN, Feng ZM, Jiang JS, Zhang PC. Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory phenylethanoidglycosides from the fruits of Forsythia suspensa. Bioorg Chem 2021; 113:105025. [PMID: 34082247 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is emerging as a crucial reason of major neurodegenerative diseases in recent years. Increasingly evidences have supported that bioactive natural products from traditional Chinese medicines have efficiency for neuroinflammation. Forsythia suspensa, a typical medicinal herb, showed potential neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties in previous pharmacological studies. In our research to obtain neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory natural products, three unprecedented C6-C7'/C6-C16' linked phenylethanoidglycoside dimers (1-3), three new phenylethanoidglycosides (4-6), and six known compounds (7-12) were isolated from the fruits of Forsythia suspensa. Their structures were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic data and comparison to the literature data. All isolated compounds were evaluated their neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. Compounds 1 and 10 exhibited significant neuroprotective activities with the cell viability values of 75.24 ± 8.05% and 93.65 ± 10.17%, respectively, for the serum-deprivation and rotenone induced pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell injury. Meanwhile, compound 1 exhibited excellent anti-inflammatory activity against tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression in LPS induced RAW264.7 cells with the IC50 value of 1.30 μM. This study revealed that the bioactive phenylethanoidglycosides may attenuate neuroinflammation through their neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ya-Nan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zi-Meng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jian-Shuang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Pei-Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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Zhang Y, Yao Y, Yang Y, Wu H. Investigation of Anti-SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 Effect of Jinhua Qinggan Granules Based on a Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Approach. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211020619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Jinhua Qinggan Granules (JQGs) have achieved certain results in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in China during this coronavirus storm. In this study, we aimed to analyze the common mechanisms of JQG in the treatment of coronavirus-induced diseases, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and COVID-19 via network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods The active compounds of JQG were collected through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform. The common targets associated with these 3 diseases were screened from GeneCards database. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of JQG’s core targets were analyzed using The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery and KOBAS 3.0 system. Further, the protein-protein interaction network was built using STRING database. The compound-target- signaling pathway network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.7.2. The core components of JQG were docked with core targets, COVID-19 coronavirus 3 Cl hydrolase, and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) via Discovery Studio 2016 software. Results A total of 139 active compounds, 50 core targets, and 122 signaling pathways were screened out. The results of molecular docking showed that arctiin and linarin had a higher docking score with 3 Cl, ACE2, and core targets of JQH for antiviral effect. Conclusion The potential mechanism of action of JHQ in the treatment of MERS, SARS, and COVID-19 may be associated with the regulation of genes co-expressed with ACE2 and immune- related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunfeng Yao
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Hezhen Wu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
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Sun J, Qin X, Zhang X, Wang Q, Zhang W, Wang M. FBXW11 deletion alleviates Alzheimer's disease by reducing neuroinflammation and amyloid-β plaque formation via repression of ASK1 signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 548:104-111. [PMID: 33640602 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.12.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a complicated pathogenesis. F-box and WD-40 domain protein 11 (FBXW11), as a component of the SCF (Skp1-Cul1-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, regulates multiple different signaling pathways. However, the effects of FBXW11 on AD progression and the underlying mechanisms have not been studied. In this study, we found that FBXW11 expression was markedly increased in microglial cells stimulated by amyloid-β (Aβ). Immunofluorescence staining showed that FBXW11 was co-localized with Iba-1 in microglial cells, suggesting its potential in regulating neuroinflammation. Meanwhile, significantly elevated expression of FBXW11 was detected in hippocampus of AD mouse models. Then, our in vitro studies showed that FBXW11 deletion considerably ameliorated inflammatory response in Aβ-incubated microglial cells through suppressing nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) signaling. We further found that FBXW11 physically interacted with apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and promoted its ubiquitination, which led to the aberrant activation of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Importantly, promoting ASK1 significantly abolished the effects of FBXW11 knockdown to repress inflammation and MAPKs/NF-κB activation in Aβ-treated microglial cells. Subsequently, our in vivo experiments demonstrated that hippocampus-specific knockout of FBXW11 dramatically alleviated Aβ plaque load, neuronal death, and microglial activation in AD mice. Furthermore, hippocampal deficiency of FBXW11 markedly mitigated neuroinflammation in AD mice through restraining ASK1/MAPKs/NF-κB signaling, along with alleviated cognitive deficits. Together, our findings demonstrated that FBXW11 may be a functionally important mediator of ASK1 activation, which could be a novel molecular target for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Sun
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaodong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xinyan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Manxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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