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Cyr B, Cabrera Ranaldi EDLRM, Hadad R, Dietrich WD, Keane RW, de Rivero Vaccari JP. Extracellular vesicles mediate inflammasome signaling in the brain and heart of Alzheimer's disease mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1369781. [PMID: 38660388 PMCID: PMC11039928 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1369781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an inflammatory neurodegenerative disease characterized by memory loss and cognitive impairment that worsens over time. AD is associated with many comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease that are associated with poorer outcomes. Comorbidities, especially heart disease and stroke, play a significant role in the demise of AD patients. Thus, it is important to understand how comorbidities are linked to AD. We have previously shown that extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated inflammasome signaling plays an important role in the pathogenesis of brain injury and acute lung injury after traumatic brain injury. Methods We analyzed the cortical, hippocampal, ventricular, and atrial protein lysates from APP/PS1 mice and their respective controls for inflammasome signaling activation. Additionally, we analyzed serum-derived EV for size, concentration, and content of inflammasome proteins as well as the EV marker CD63. Finally, we performed conditioned media experiments of EV from AD patients and healthy age-matched controls delivered to cardiovascular cells in culture to assess EV-induced inflammation. Results We show a significant increase in Pyrin, NLRP1, caspase-1, and ASC in the brain cortex whereas caspase-8, ASC, and IL-1β were significantly elevated in the heart ventricles of AD mice when compared to controls. We did not find significant differences in the size or concentration of EV between groups, but there was a significant increase of caspase-1 and IL-1β in EV from AD mice compared to controls. In addition, conditioned media experiments of serum-derived EV from AD patients and age-matched controls delivered to cardiovascular cells in culture resulted in inflammasome activation, and significant increases in TNF-α and IL-2. Conclusion These results indicate that EV-mediated inflammasome signaling in the heart may play a role in the development of cardiovascular diseases in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Cyr
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Erika D. L. R. M. Cabrera Ranaldi
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Roey Hadad
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - W. Dalton Dietrich
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Robert W. Keane
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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2
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Fang X, Zhou D, Wang X, Ma Y, Zhong G, Jing S, Huang S, Wang Q. Exosomes: A Cellular Communication Medium That Has Multiple Effects On Brain Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03957-4. [PMID: 38356095 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03957-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, as membranous vesicles generated by multiple cell types and secreted to extracellular space, play a crucial role in a range of brain injury-related brain disorders by transporting diverse proteins, RNA, DNA fragments, and other functional substances. The nervous system's pathogenic mechanisms are complicated, involving pathological processes like as inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and autophagy, all of which result in blood-brain barrier damage, cognitive impairment, and even loss of normal motor function. Exosomes have been linked to the incidence and progression of brain disorders in recent research. As a result, a thorough knowledge of the interaction between exosomes and brain diseases may lead to the development of more effective therapeutic techniques that may be implemented in the clinic. The potential role of exosomes in brain diseases and the crosstalk between exosomes and other pathogenic processes were discussed in this paper. Simultaneously, we noted the delicate events in which exosomes as a media allow the brain to communicate with other tissues and organs in physiology and disease, and compiled a list of natural compounds that modulate exosomes, in order to further improve our understanding of exosomes and propose new ideas for treating brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dishu Zhou
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510405, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guangcheng Zhong
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shangwen Jing
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuiqing Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China.
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Mulla J, Katti R, Scott MJ. The Role of Gasdermin-D-Mediated Pryoptosis in Organ Injury and Its Therapeutic Implications. Organogenesis 2023; 19:2177484. [PMID: 36967609 PMCID: PMC9980590 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2023.2177484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Gasdermin-D (GSDMD) belongs to the Gasdermin family (GSDM), which are pore-forming effector proteins that facilitate inflammatory cell death, also known as pyroptosis. This type of programmed cell death is dependent on inflammatory caspase activation, which cleaves gasdermin-D (GSDMD) to form membrane pores and initiates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Pyroptosis plays an important role in achieving immune regulation and homeostasis within various organ systems. The role of GSDMD in pyroptosis has been extensively studied in recent years. In this review, we summarize the role of GSDMD in cellular and organ injury mediated by pyroptosis. We will also provide an outlook on GSDMD therapeutic targets in various organ systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joud Mulla
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rohan Katti
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Melanie J. Scott
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Chen Y, Zhang H, Hu X, Cai W, Jiang L, Wang Y, Wu Y, Wang X, Ni W, Zhou K. Extracellular Vesicles: Therapeutic Potential in Central Nervous System Trauma by Regulating Cell Death. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:6789-6813. [PMID: 37482599 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03501-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
CNS (central nervous system) trauma, which is classified as SCI (spinal cord injury) and TBI (traumatic brain injury), is gradually becoming a major cause of accidental death and disability worldwide. Many previous studies have verified that the pathophysiological mechanism underlying cell death and the subsequent neuroinflammation caused by cell death are pivotal factors in the progression of CNS trauma. Simultaneously, EVs (extracellular vesicles), membrane-enclosed particles produced by almost all cell types, have been proven to mediate cell-to-cell communication, and cell death involves complex interactions among molecules. EVs have also been proven to be effective carriers of loaded bioactive components to areas of CNS trauma. Therefore, EVs are promising therapeutic targets to cure CNS trauma. However, the link between EVs and various types of cell death in the context of CNS trauma remains unknown. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the mechanism underlying EV effects, the relationship between EVs and cell death and the pathophysiology underlying EV effects on the CNS trauma based on information in published papers. In addition, we discuss the prospects of applying EVs to the CNS as feasible therapeutic strategies for CNS trauma in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yituo Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Xinli Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanta Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Liting Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Yongli Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, 313099, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Basic and Clinical Translation of Orthopaedics Key Laboratory, Huzhou, 313099, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Wenfei Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
| | - Kailiang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
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Wang Y, Jia L, Wei M, Lyu J, Sheng M, Sun Y, Dong Z, Han W, Ren Y, Weng Y, Yu W. Circulating Exosomes Mediate Neurodegeneration Following Hepatic Ischemia-reperfusion Through Inducing Microglial Pyroptosis in the Developing Hippocampus. Transplantation 2023; 107:2364-2376. [PMID: 37291725 PMCID: PMC10593148 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor neurodevelopmental outcomes after pediatric liver transplantation seriously affect the long-term quality of life of recipients, in whom hepatic ischemia reperfusion (HIR) is considered to play a pivotal role. However, the link between HIR and brain injury remains unclear. Because circulating exosomes are considered as the key mediators of information transmission over long distances, we aimed to assess the role of circulating exosomes in HIR-induced hippocampal injury in young rats. METHODS We administered exosomes extracted from the sera of HIR model rats to normal young rats via the tail vein. Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, histological examination, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to evaluate the role of exosomes in neuronal injury and activation of microglial pyroptosis in the developing hippocampus. Primary microglial cells were cocultured with exosomes to further assess the effect of exosomes on microglia. To further explore the potential mechanism, GW4869 or MCC950 was used to block exosome biogenesis or nod-like receptor family protein 3, respectively. RESULTS Serum-derived exosomes played a crucial role in linking HIR with neuronal degeneration in the developing hippocampus. Microglia were found to be the target cells of ischemia-reperfusion derived exosomes (I/R-exosomes). I/R-exosomes were taken up by microglia and promoted the occurrence of microglial pyroptosis in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the exosome-induced neuronal injury was alleviated by suppressing the occurrence of pyroptosis in the developing hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS Microglial pyroptosis induced by circulating exosomes plays a vital role in developing hippocampal neuron injury during HIR in young rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Wang
- The First Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lili Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Wei
- The First Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingshu Lyu
- The First Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingwei Sheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhonglan Dong
- The First Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenhui Han
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yinghui Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiqi Weng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenli Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Challa NVD, Chen S, Yuan H, Duncan MR, Moreno WJ, Bramlett H, Dietrich WD, Benny M, Schmidt AF, Young K, Wu S. GSDMD gene knockout alleviates hyperoxia-induced hippocampal brain injury in neonatal mice. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:205. [PMID: 37679766 PMCID: PMC10486051 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02878-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal hyperoxia exposure is associated with brain injury and poor neurodevelopment outcomes in preterm infants. Our previous studies in neonatal rodent models have shown that hyperoxia stimulates the brain's inflammasome pathway, leading to the activation of gasdermin D (GSDMD), a key executor of pyroptotic inflammatory cell death. Moreover, we found pharmacological inhibition of caspase-1, which blocks GSDMD activation, attenuates hyperoxia-induced brain injury in neonatal mice. We hypothesized that GSDMD plays a pathogenic role in hyperoxia-induced neonatal brain injury and that GSDMD gene knockout (KO) will alleviate hyperoxia-induced brain injury. METHODS Newborn GSDMD knockout mice and their wildtype (WT) littermates were randomized within 24 h after birth to be exposed to room air or hyperoxia (85% O2) from postnatal days 1 to 14. Hippocampal brain inflammatory injury was assessed in brain sections by immunohistology for allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF1) and CD68, markers of microglial activation. Cell proliferation was evaluated by Ki-67 staining, and cell death was determined by TUNEL assay. RNA sequencing of the hippocampus was performed to identify the transcriptional effects of hyperoxia and GSDMD-KO, and qRT-PCR was performed to confirm some of the significantly regulated genes. RESULTS Hyperoxia-exposed WT mice had increased microglia consistent with activation, which was associated with decreased cell proliferation and increased cell death in the hippocampal area. Conversely, hyperoxia-exposed GSDMD-KO mice exhibited considerable resistance to hyperoxia as O2 exposure did not increase AIF1 + , CD68 + , or TUNEL + cell numbers or decrease cell proliferation. Hyperoxia exposure differentially regulated 258 genes in WT and only 16 in GSDMD-KO mice compared to room air-exposed WT and GSDMD-KO, respectively. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that in the WT brain, hyperoxia differentially regulated genes associated with neuronal and vascular development and differentiation, axonogenesis, glial cell differentiation, hypoxia-induced factor 1 pathway, and neuronal growth factor pathways. These changes were prevented by GSDMD-KO. CONCLUSIONS GSDMD-KO alleviates hyperoxia-induced inflammatory injury, cell survival and death, and alterations of transcriptional gene expression of pathways involved in neuronal growth, development, and differentiation in the hippocampus of neonatal mice. This suggests that GSDMD plays a pathogenic role in preterm brain injury, and targeting GSDMD may be beneficial in preventing and treating brain injury and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naga Venkata Divya Challa
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children's Research Institute, Holtz Children's Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Shaoyi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children's Research Institute, Holtz Children's Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Huijun Yuan
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children's Research Institute, Holtz Children's Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Matthew R Duncan
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children's Research Institute, Holtz Children's Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - William Javier Moreno
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis and Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Helen Bramlett
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis and Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - W Dalton Dietrich
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis and Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Merline Benny
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children's Research Institute, Holtz Children's Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Augusto F Schmidt
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children's Research Institute, Holtz Children's Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Karen Young
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children's Research Institute, Holtz Children's Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Shu Wu
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children's Research Institute, Holtz Children's Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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Wu S, Benny M, Duara J, Williams K, Tan A, Schmidt A, Young KC. Extracellular vesicles: pathogenic messengers and potential therapy for neonatal lung diseases. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1205882. [PMID: 37397144 PMCID: PMC10311919 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1205882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of nano-sized membranous structures increasingly recognized as mediators of intercellular and inter-organ communication. EVs contain a cargo of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, and their cargo composition is highly dependent on the biological function of the parental cells. Their cargo is protected from the extracellular environment by the phospholipid membrane, thus allowing for safe transport and delivery of their intact cargo to nearby or distant target cells, resulting in modification of the target cell's gene expression, signaling pathways and overall function. The highly selective, sophisticated network through which EVs facilitate cell signaling and modulate cellular processes make studying EVs a major focus of interest in understanding various biological functions and mechanisms of disease. Tracheal aspirate EV-miRNA profiling has been suggested as a potential biomarker for respiratory outcome in preterm infants and there is strong preclinical evidence showing that EVs released from stem cells protect the developing lung from the deleterious effects of hyperoxia and infection. This article will review the role of EVs as pathogenic messengers, biomarkers, and potential therapies for neonatal lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Holtz Children’s Hospital, Jackson Memorial Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Merline Benny
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Holtz Children’s Hospital, Jackson Memorial Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Joanne Duara
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Holtz Children’s Hospital, Jackson Memorial Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Kevin Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Holtz Children’s Hospital, Jackson Memorial Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - April Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Holtz Children’s Hospital, Jackson Memorial Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Augusto Schmidt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Holtz Children’s Hospital, Jackson Memorial Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Karen C. Young
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Holtz Children’s Hospital, Jackson Memorial Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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Challa NVD, Chen S, Yun H, Duncan MR, Moreno WJ, Bramlett H, Dietrich WD, Benny M, Schmidt AF, Young K, Wu S. GSDMD gene knockout alleviates hyperoxia-induced hippocampal brain injury in neonatal mice. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3055085. [PMID: 37398125 PMCID: PMC10312931 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3055085/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Neonatal hyperoxia exposure is associated with brain injury and poor neurodevelopment outcomes in preterm infants. Our previous studies in neonatal rodent models have shown that hyperoxia stimulates the brain's inflammasome pathway, leading to the activation of gasdermin D (GSDMD), a key executor of pyroptotic inflammatory cell death. Moreover, we found inhibition of GSDMD activation attenuates hyperoxia-induced brain injury in neonatal mice. We hypothesized that GSDMD plays a pathogenic role in hyperoxia-induced neonatal brain injury and that GSDMD gene knockout (KO) will alleviate hyperoxia-induced brain injury. Methods: Newborn GSDMD knockout mice and their wildtype (WT) littermates were randomized within 24 h after birth to be exposed to room air or hyperoxia (85% O2) from postnatal day 1 to 14. Hippocampal brain inflammatory injury was assessed in brain sections by immunohistology for allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF1), a marker of microglial activation. Cell proliferation was evaluated by Ki-67 staining, and cell death was determined by TUNEL assay. RNA sequencing of the hippocampus was performed to identify the transcriptional effects of hyperoxia and GSDMD-KO, and qRT-PCR was performed to confirm some of the significantly regulated genes. Results: Hyperoxia-exposed WT mice had increased microglia consistent with activation, which was associated with decreased cell proliferation and increased cell death in the hippocampal area. Conversely, hyperoxia-exposed GSDMD-KO mice exhibited considerable resistance to hyperoxia as O2 exposure failed to increase either AIF1+ or TUNEL+ cell numbers, nor decrease cell proliferation. Hyperoxia exposure differentially regulated 258 genes in WT and only 16 in GSDMD-KO mice compared to room air- exposed WT and GSDMD-KO, respectively. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that in the WT brain, hyperoxia differentially regulated genes associated with neuronal and vascular development and differentiation, axonogenesis, glial cell differentiation, and core development pathways hypoxia-induced factor 1, and neuronal growth factor pathways. These changes were prevented by GSDMD-KO. Conclusion: GSDMD-KO alleviates hyperoxia-induced inflammatory injury, cell survival and death, and alterations of transcriptional gene expression of pathways involved in neuronal growth, development, and differentiation in the hippocampus of neonatal mice. This suggests that GSDMD plays a pathogenic role in preterm brain injury, and targeting GSDMD may be beneficial in preventing and treating brain injury and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naga Venkata Divya Challa
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children’s Research Institute and Holtz Children’s Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Shaoyi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children’s Research Institute and Holtz Children’s Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Huijun Yun
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children’s Research Institute and Holtz Children’s Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Matthew R Duncan
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children’s Research Institute and Holtz Children’s Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Williams Javier Moreno
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis and Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Helen Bramlett
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis and Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - W Dalton Dietrich
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis and Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Merline Benny
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children’s Research Institute and Holtz Children’s Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Augusto F Schmidt
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children’s Research Institute and Holtz Children’s Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Karen Young
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children’s Research Institute and Holtz Children’s Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Shu Wu
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Neonatology, Batchelor Children’s Research Institute and Holtz Children’s Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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9
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Ding P, Yang R, Li C, Fu HL, Ren GL, Wang P, Zheng DY, Chen W, Yang LY, Mao YF, Yuan HB, Li YH. Fibroblast growth factor 21 attenuates ventilator-induced lung injury by inhibiting the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptotic pathway. Crit Care 2023; 27:196. [PMID: 37218012 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-023-04488-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is caused by overdistension of the alveoli by the repetitive recruitment and derecruitment of alveolar units. This study aims to investigate the potential role and mechanism of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a metabolic regulator secreted by the liver, in VILI development. METHODS Serum FGF21 concentrations were determined in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation during general anesthesia and in a mouse VILI model. Lung injury was compared between FGF21-knockout (KO) mice and wild-type (WT) mice. Recombinant FGF21 was administrated in vivo and in vitro to determine its therapeutic effect. RESULTS Serum FGF21 levels in patients and mice with VILI were significantly higher than in those without VILI. Additionally, the increment of serum FGF21 in anesthesia patients was positively correlated with the duration of ventilation. VILI was aggravated in FGF21-KO mice compared with WT mice. Conversely, the administration of FGF21 alleviated VILI in both mouse and cell models. FGF21 reduced Caspase-1 activity, suppressed the mRNA levels of Nlrp3, Asc, Il-1β, Il-18, Hmgb1 and Nf-κb, and decreased the protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, IL-1β, IL-18, HMGB1 and the cleaved form of GSDMD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that endogenous FGF21 signaling is triggered in response to VILI, which protects against VILI by inhibiting the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptosis pathway. These results suggest that boosting endogenous FGF21 or the administration of recombinant FGF21 could be promising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of VILI during anesthesia or critical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, PLA No.983 Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Long Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang-Li Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, PLA No.983 Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Yu Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Ye Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Fei Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hong-Bin Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yong-Hua Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Zhou W, Zhao L, Mao Z, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Li M. Bidirectional Communication Between the Brain and Other Organs: The Role of Extracellular Vesicles. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s10571-023-01345-5. [PMID: 37067749 PMCID: PMC10106324 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01345-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
A number of substances released by the brain under physiological and pathological conditions exert effects on other organs. In turn, substances produced primarily by organs such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, or the heart may have an impact on the metabolism and function and metabolism of the healthy and diseased brain. Despite a mounting amount of evidence supports such bidirectional communication between the brain and other organs, research on the function of molecular mediators carried by extracellular vesicles (EVs) is in the early stages. In addition to being able to target or reach practically any organ, EVs have the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier to transport a range of substances (lipids, peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids) to recipient cells, exerting biological effects. Here, we review the function of EVs in bidirectional communication between the brain and other organs. In a small number of cases, the role has been explicitly proven; yet, in most cases, it relies on indirect evidence from EVs in cell culture or animal models. There is a dearth of research currently available on the function of EVs-carrying mediators in the bidirectional communication between the brain and bone marrow, adipose tissue, liver, heart, lungs, and gut. Therefore, more studies are needed to determine how EVs facilitate communication between the brain and other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Jilin Cancer Hospital, 1018 Huguang Street, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Zelu Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhixiong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Meihua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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11
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Liu X, Zhang L, Cao Y, Jia H, Li X, Li F, Zhang S, Zhang J. Neuroinflammation of traumatic brain injury: Roles of extracellular vesicles. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1088827. [PMID: 36741357 PMCID: PMC9889855 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1088827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of neurological disorder or death, with a heavy burden on individuals and families. While sustained primary insult leads to damage, subsequent secondary events are considered key pathophysiological characteristics post-TBI, and the inflammatory response is a prominent contributor to the secondary cascade. Neuroinflammation is a multifaceted physiological response and exerts both positive and negative effects on TBI. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), as messengers for intercellular communication, are involved in biological and pathological processes in central nervous system (CNS) diseases and injuries. The number and characteristics of EVs and their cargo in the CNS and peripheral circulation undergo tremendous changes in response to TBI, and these EVs regulate neuroinflammatory reactions by activating prominent receptors on receptor cells or delivering pro- or anti-inflammatory cargo to receptor cells. The purpose of this review is to discuss the possible neuroinflammatory mechanisms of EVs and loading in the context of TBI. Furthermore, we summarize the potential role of diverse types of cell-derived EVs in inflammation following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilei Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiyao Cao
- Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Haoran Jia
- Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanjian Li
- Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Jianning Zhang, ; Shu Zhang,
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Jianning Zhang, ; Shu Zhang,
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12
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Sonny S, Yuan H, Chen S, Duncan MR, Chen P, Benny M, Young K, Park KK, Schmidt AF, Wu S. GSDMD deficiency ameliorates hyperoxia-induced BPD and ROP in neonatal mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:143. [PMID: 36599874 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27201-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are among the most common morbidities affecting extremely premature infants who receive oxygen therapy. Many clinical studies indicate that BPD is associated with advanced ROP. However, the mechanistic link between hyperoxia, BPD, and ROP remains to be explored. Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is a key executor of inflammasome-induced pyroptosis and inflammation. Inhibition of GSDMD has been shown to attenuate hyperoxia-induced BPD and brain injury in neonatal mice. The objective of this study was to further define the mechanistic roles of GSDMD in the pathogenesis of hyperoxia-induced BPD and ROP in mouse models. Here we show that global GSDMD knockout (GSDMD-KO) protects against hyperoxia-induced BPD by reducing macrophage infiltration, improving alveolarization and vascular development, and decreasing cell death. In addition, GSDMD deficiency prevented hyperoxia-induced ROP by reducing vasoobliteration and neovascularization, improving thinning of multiple retinal tissue layers, and decreasing microglial activation. RNA sequencing analyses of lungs and retinas showed that similar genes, including those from inflammatory, cell death, tissue remodeling, and tissue and vascular developmental signaling pathways, were induced by hyperoxia and impacted by GSDMD-KO in both models. These data highlight the importance of GSDMD in the pathogenesis of BPD and ROP and suggest that targeting GSDMD may be beneficial in preventing and treating BPD and ROP in premature infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Sonny
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Huijun Yuan
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Shaoyi Chen
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Matthew R Duncan
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Pingping Chen
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Merline Benny
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Karen Young
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Kevin K Park
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Augusto F Schmidt
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Shu Wu
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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13
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Chen J, Li M, Liu Z, Wang Y, Xiong K. Molecular mechanisms of neuronal death in brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1025708. [PMID: 36582214 PMCID: PMC9793715 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1025708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a common cerebrovascular disease with high disability and mortality rates worldwide. The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in an aneurysm rupture in SAH are complex and can be divided into early brain injury and delayed brain injury. The initial mechanical insult results in brain tissue and vascular disruption with hemorrhages and neuronal necrosis. Following this, the secondary injury results in diffused cerebral damage in the peri-core area. However, the molecular mechanisms of neuronal death following an aneurysmal SAH are complex and currently unclear. Furthermore, multiple cell death pathways are stimulated during the pathogenesis of brain damage. Notably, particular attention should be devoted to necrosis, apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis. Thus, this review discussed the mechanism of neuronal death and its influence on brain injury after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Department of Neurosurgery, 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mingchang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuanghua Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuhai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China,*Correspondence: Yuhai Wang,
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Kun Xiong,
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14
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Xia X, Wang Y, Zheng JC. Extracellular vesicles, from the pathogenesis to the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. Transl Neurodegener 2022; 11:53. [PMID: 36510311 PMCID: PMC9743667 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-022-00330-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small bilipid layer-enclosed vesicles that can be secreted by all tested types of brain cells. Being a key intercellular communicator, EVs have emerged as a key contributor to the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease through delivery of bioactive cargos within the central nervous system (CNS). Importantly, CNS cell-derived EVs can be purified via immunoprecipitation, and EV cargos with altered levels have been identified as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of NDs. Given the essential impact of EVs on the pathogenesis of NDs, pathological EVs have been considered as therapeutic targets and EVs with therapeutic effects have been utilized as potential therapeutic agents or drug delivery platforms for the treatment of NDs. In this review, we focus on recent research progress on the pathological roles of EVs released from CNS cells in the pathogenesis of NDs, summarize findings that identify CNS-derived EV cargos as potential biomarkers to diagnose NDs, and comprehensively discuss promising potential of EVs as therapeutic targets, agents, and drug delivery systems in treating NDs, together with current concerns and challenges for basic research and clinical applications of EVs regarding NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Xia
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China ,Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, 200331 Shanghai, China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, 200065 Shanghai, China ,grid.24516.340000000123704535Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200434 Shanghai, China ,grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065 China
| | - Yi Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, 200331 Shanghai, China ,grid.24516.340000000123704535Translational Research Center, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201613 China ,grid.24516.340000000123704535Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin C. Zheng
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China ,Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, 200331 Shanghai, China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, 200065 Shanghai, China ,grid.24516.340000000123704535Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200434 Shanghai, China ,grid.24516.340000000123704535Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China ,grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065 China
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15
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Hwang W, Shimizu M, Lee JW. Role of extracellular vesicles in severe pneumonia and sepsis. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2022; 22:747-762. [PMID: 35418256 PMCID: PMC9971738 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2022.2066470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Extracellular vesicles (EV) released constitutively or following external stimuli from structural and immune cells are now recognized as important mediators of cell-to-cell communication. They are involved in the pathogenesis of pneumonia and sepsis, leading causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) where mortality rates remain up to 40%. Multiple investigators have demonstrated that one of the underlying mechanisms of the effects of EVs is through the transfer of EV content to host cells, resulting in apoptosis, inflammation, and permeability in target organs. AREAS COVERED The current review focuses on preclinical research examining the role of EVs released into the plasma and injured alveolus during pneumonia and sepsis. EXPERT OPINION Inflammation is associated with elevated levels of circulating EVs that are released by activated structural and immune cells and can have significant proinflammatory, procoagulant, and pro-permeability effects in critically ill patients with pneumonia and/or sepsis. However, clinical translation of the use of EVs as biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets may be limited by current methodologies used to identify and quantify EVs accurately (whether from host cells or infecting organisms) and lack of understanding of the role of EVs in the reparative phase during recovery from pneumonia and/or sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjung Hwang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s hospital, Catholic College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - Masaru Shimizu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jae-Woo Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Jae-Woo Lee, MD, Professor, University of California San Francisco, Department of Anesthesiology, 505 Parnassus Ave., Box 0648, San Francisco, CA 94143, Telephone: (415) 476-0452, Fax: (415) 514-2999,
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