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Kurosu T, Hanabara K, Asai A, Pambudi S, Phanthanawiboon S, Omokoko MD, Ono KI, Saijo M, Ramasoota P, Ikuta K. Chimeric flavivirus enables evaluation of antibodies against dengue virus envelope protein in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21561. [PMID: 33299049 PMCID: PMC7725774 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78639-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In a secondary dengue virus (DENV) infection, the presence of non-neutralizing antibodies (Abs), developed during a previous infection with a different DENV serotype, is thought to worsen clinical outcomes by enhancing viral production. This phenomenon is called antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection, and it has delayed the development of therapeutic Abs and vaccines against DENV, as they must be evaluated for the potential to induce ADE. Unfortunately, limited replication of DENV clinical isolates in vitro and in experimental animals hinders this evaluation process. We have, therefore, constructed a recombinant chimeric flavivirus (DV2ChimV), which carries premembrane (prM) and envelope (E) genes of type 2 DENV (DENV-2) R05-624 clinical (Thai) isolate in a backbone of Japanese encephalitis virus (Nakayama strain). DENV E-protein is the most important viral target, not only for neutralizing Abs, but also for infection-enhancing Abs. In contrast to DENV-2 R05-624, DV2ChimV replicated efficiently in cultured mammalian cells and was lethal in interferon-α/β–γ-receptor double-knockout mice. With DV2ChimV, we were able to perform neutralization assays, in vitro and in vivo ADE assays, and in vivo protection assays. These results suggest that the chimeric virus is a powerful tool for evaluation of Abs against DENV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kurosu
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan.
| | - Keiko Hanabara
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Azusa Asai
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sabar Pambudi
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Supranee Phanthanawiboon
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Magot Diata Omokoko
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Ono
- Medical and Biological Laboratories CO., LTD., Ina, Nagano, 396-0002, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saijo
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
| | - Pongrama Ramasoota
- Center of Excellence of Antibody Research, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Kazuyoshi Ikuta
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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2
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Begum F, Das S, Mukherjee D, Mal S, Ray U. Insight into the Tropism of Dengue Virus in Humans. Viruses 2019; 11:v11121136. [PMID: 31835302 PMCID: PMC6950149 DOI: 10.3390/v11121136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In tropical and subtropical zones, arboviruses are among the major threats to human life, affecting a large number of populations with serious diseases. Worldwide, over three hundred million people are infected with dengue virus (DENV) every year as per the World Health Organization (WHO). DENV-mediated disease severity ranges from a mild fever to hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome. Patients suffering from severe infection might experience multi-organ failure, cardiomyopathy and even encephalopathy, further complicating the disease pathogenesis. In life-threatening cases, DENV has been reported to affect almost all organs of the human body. In this review, we discuss the organ tropism of DENV in humans in depth as detected in various autopsy studies. Keeping in mind the fact that there is currently no DENV-specific antiviral, it is of utmost importance to achieve a vivid picture of the susceptible cells in humans which might help in designing antivirals against DENV, especially targeting those tissues in which infection might lead to life-threatening conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feroza Begum
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India; (F.B.); (S.D.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sandeepan Das
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India; (F.B.); (S.D.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Debica Mukherjee
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India; (F.B.); (S.D.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sweety Mal
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India; (F.B.); (S.D.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Upasana Ray
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India; (F.B.); (S.D.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-978-187-8333
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Shimizu H, Saito A, Mikuni J, Nakayama EE, Koyama H, Honma T, Shirouzu M, Sekine SI, Shioda T. Discovery of a small molecule inhibitor targeting dengue virus NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007894. [PMID: 31738758 PMCID: PMC6886872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection that has spread globally in recent years. Around half of the world's population, especially in the tropics and subtropics, is at risk of infection. Every year, 50-100 million clinical cases are reported, and more than 500,000 patients develop the symptoms of severe dengue infection: dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome, which threaten life in Asia and Latin America. No antiviral drug for dengue is available. The dengue virus (DENV) non-structural protein 5 (NS5), which possesses the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activity and is responsible for viral replication and transcription, is an attractive target for anti-dengue drug development. In the present study, 16,240 small-molecule compounds in a fragment library were screened for their capabilities to inhibit the DENV type 2 (DENV2) RdRp activities in vitro. Based on in cellulo antiviral and cytotoxity assays, we selected the compound RK-0404678 with the EC50 value of 6.0 μM for DENV2. Crystallographic analyses revealed two unique binding sites for RK-0404678 within the RdRp, which are conserved in flavivirus NS5 proteins. No resistant viruses emerged after nine rounds of serial passage of DENV2 in the presence of RK-0404678, suggesting the high genetic barrier of this compound to the emergence of a resistant virus. Collectively, RK-0404678 and its binding sites provide a new framework for antiviral drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Shimizu
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akatsuki Saito
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junko Mikuni
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Emi E. Nakayama
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroo Koyama
- Drug Discovery Chemistry Platform Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Teruki Honma
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mikako Shirouzu
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shun-ichi Sekine
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- * E-mail: (SS); (TS)
| | - Tatsuo Shioda
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail: (SS); (TS)
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Johnson TP, Larman HB, Lee MH, Whitehead SS, Kowalak J, Toro C, Lau CC, Kim J, Johnson KR, Reoma LB, Faustin A, Pardo CA, Kottapalli S, Howard J, Monaco D, Weisfeld-Adams J, Blackstone C, Galetta S, Snuderl M, Gahl WA, Kister I, Nath A. Chronic Dengue Virus Panencephalitis in a Patient with Progressive Dementia with Extrapyramidal Features. Ann Neurol 2019; 86:695-703. [PMID: 31461177 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the underlying etiology in a patient with progressive dementia with extrapyramidal signs and chronic inflammation referred to the National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program. METHODS Extensive investigations included metabolic profile, autoantibody panel, infectious etiologies, genetic screening, whole exome sequencing, and the phage-display assay, VirScan, for viral immune responses. An etiological diagnosis was established postmortem. RESULTS Using VirScan, enrichment of dengue viral antibodies was detected in cerebrospinal fluid as compared to serum. No virus was detected in serum or cerebrospinal fluid, but postmortem analysis confirmed dengue virus in the brain by immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and sequencing. Dengue virus was also detectable by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing from brain biopsy tissue collected 33 months antemortem, confirming a chronic infection despite a robust immune response directed against the virus. Immunoprofiling and whole exome sequencing of the patient did not reveal any immunodeficiency, and sequencing of the virus demonstrated wild-type dengue virus in the central nervous system. INTERPRETATION Dengue virus is the most common arbovirus worldwide and represents a significant public health concern. Infections with dengue virus are usually self-limiting, and chronic dengue infections have not been previously reported. Our findings suggest that dengue virus infections may persist in the central nervous system causing a panencephalitis and should be considered in patients with progressive dementia with extrapyramidal features in endemic regions or with relevant travel history. Furthermore, this work highlights the utility of comprehensive antibody profiling assays to aid in the diagnosis of encephalitis of unknown etiology. ANN NEUROL 2019;86:695-703.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tory P Johnson
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - H Benjamin Larman
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Myoung-Hwa Lee
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, Translational Neuroscience Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Stephen S Whitehead
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jeffrey Kowalak
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, Translational Neuroscience Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Camilo Toro
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - C Christopher Lau
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Juyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kory R Johnson
- Bioinformatics Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Lauren B Reoma
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, Translational Neuroscience Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Arline Faustin
- Department of Neurology, New York University, New York, NY
| | - Carlos A Pardo
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sanjay Kottapalli
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Daniel Monaco
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Craig Blackstone
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Steven Galetta
- Department of Neurology, New York University, New York, NY
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, New York University, New York, NY
| | - William A Gahl
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ilya Kister
- Department of Neurology, New York University, New York, NY
| | - Avindra Nath
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, Translational Neuroscience Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Chesnut M, Muñoz LS, Harris G, Freeman D, Gama L, Pardo CA, Pamies D. In vitro and in silico Models to Study Mosquito-Borne Flavivirus Neuropathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:223. [PMID: 31338335 PMCID: PMC6629778 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquito-borne flaviviruses can cause disease in the nervous system, resulting in a significant burden of morbidity and mortality. Disease models are necessary to understand neuropathogenesis and identify potential therapeutics and vaccines. Non-human primates have been used extensively but present major challenges. Advances have also been made toward the development of humanized mouse models, but these models still do not fully represent human pathophysiology. Recent developments in stem cell technology and cell culture techniques have allowed the development of more physiologically relevant human cell-based models. In silico modeling has also allowed researchers to identify and predict transmission patterns and discover potential vaccine and therapeutic candidates. This review summarizes the research on in vitro and in silico models used to study three mosquito-borne flaviviruses that cause neurological disease in humans: West Nile, Dengue, and Zika. We also propose a roadmap for 21st century research on mosquito-borne flavivirus neuropathogenesis, prevention, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Chesnut
- Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Laura S. Muñoz
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Neuroviruses Emerging in the Americas Study, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Georgina Harris
- Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dana Freeman
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lucio Gama
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Carlos A. Pardo
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Neuroviruses Emerging in the Americas Study, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David Pamies
- Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland,*Correspondence: David Pamies
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Mustafá YM, Meuren LM, Coelho SVA, de Arruda LB. Pathways Exploited by Flaviviruses to Counteract the Blood-Brain Barrier and Invade the Central Nervous System. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:525. [PMID: 30984122 PMCID: PMC6447710 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human infection by different flaviviruses may cause severe neurologic syndromes, through pathogenic mechanisms that are still largely unknown. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), West Nile virus (WNV), Zika virus (ZIKV), yellow fever virus (YFV), dengue virus (DENV), and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) are believed to reach the central nervous system by a hematogenous route, upon crossing the blood-brain barrier. Although the disruption of BBB during flavivirus infection has been largely evidenced in experimental models, the relevance of BBB breakdown for virus entering the brain was not completely elucidated. In vitro models of BBB had demonstrated that these viruses replicated in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs), which induced downregulation of tight junction proteins and increased the permeability of the barrier. Other reports demonstrated that infection of BMECs allowed the basolateral release of infectious particles, without a remarkable cytopathic effect, what might be sufficient for virus invasion. Virus replication and activation of other cells associated to the BBB, mostly astrocytes and microglia, were also reported to affect the endothelial barrier permeability. This event might occur simultaneously or after BMECs infection, being a secondary effect leading to BBB disruption. Importantly, activation of BMECs, astrocytes, and microglia by flaviviruses was associated to the expression and secretion of inflammatory mediators, which are believed to recruit leukocytes to the CNS. The leukocyte infiltrate could further mediate viral invasion through a Trojan horse mechanism and might contribute to BBB breakdown and to neurological alterations. This review discussed the previous studies regarding in vitro and in vivo models of JEV, WNV, ZIKV, YFV, DENV, and TBEV infection and addressed the pathways for BBB overcome and invasion of the CNS described for each virus infection, aiming to increment the knowledge and stimulate further discussion about the role of BBB in the neuropathogenesis of flavivirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Mucunã Mustafá
- Departamento de Virologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lana Monteiro Meuren
- Departamento de Virologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sharton Vinícius Antunes Coelho
- Departamento de Virologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciana Barros de Arruda
- Departamento de Virologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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