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Sampaio J, Pinto J, Pizarro A, Oliveira B, Moreira A, Padrão P, Moreira P, Guedes de Pinho P, Carvalho J, Barros R. Combined mediterranean diet-based sustainable healthy diet and multicomponent training intervention impact on plasma biomarkers and metabolome in older adults. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:2125-2135. [PMID: 39116619 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Healthy dietary patterns and exercise practices have been associated with improved metabolic and inflammatory profiles. However, studies regarding the combined effect of these interventions on plasma biomarkers and metabolome in older adults are sparser. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a combined Mediterranean Diet-based Sustainable Healthy Diet (SHD) and Multicomponent Training (MT) intervention on the plasma biomarkers and metabolome and how dietary intake and exercise could modulate these effects. METHODS SHD intervention included a weekly supply of Mediterranean Diet-based SHD food and four nutrition sessions involving a Mediterranean-Diet culinary workshop, and the exercise program included 50-min MT group sessions, held three times a week, lasting both 12 weeks. Plasma biomarkers were obtained through standard biochemical analysis. A proton (1H) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based metabolomics approach was used to study the metabolome in blood plasma. Repeated measures ANOVA were performed and adjusted for confounders. RESULTS SHD + MT intervention significantly decreased HDL-C and calcium. SHD + MT showed some changes in common with the SHD and MT group, namely a significant decrease in citrate levels (p = 0.009 for SHD + MT; p = 0.037 for SHDT) and an increase in pyruvate (p < 0.001 for MT and SHD + MT). The SHD + MT group also revealed specific changes in the levels of some amino acids (decrease in alanine, glutamine and lysine: p = 0.026; p < 0.001; p = 0.038, respectively). Increases in formate (p = 0.025) and unsaturated lipids (p = 0.011) are consistent with changes in energy and lipoprotein metabolism. CONCLUSION Our data show that a combined lifestyle intervention program, including a Mediterranean Diet-based SHD and MT, could modulate biomarker and metabolome and there seems to be a metabolic path associated to these interventions in older adults. Due to its wide-ranging relevance, it is pertinent to assess to what extent combined SHD and MT can contribute to better clinical profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Sampaio
- Faculty of Sport (FADEUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Epidemiology Unit (EPIUnit), Public Health Institute (ISPUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Pinto
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Pizarro
- Faculty of Sport (FADEUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Oliveira
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences (FCNAUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - André Moreira
- Epidemiology Unit (EPIUnit), Public Health Institute (ISPUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine (FMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Padrão
- Epidemiology Unit (EPIUnit), Public Health Institute (ISPUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences (FCNAUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Moreira
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Epidemiology Unit (EPIUnit), Public Health Institute (ISPUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences (FCNAUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Guedes de Pinho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Carvalho
- Faculty of Sport (FADEUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Renata Barros
- Epidemiology Unit (EPIUnit), Public Health Institute (ISPUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences (FCNAUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Kiuchi S, Nakaya K, Cooray U, Takeuchi K, Motoike IN, Nakaya N, Taki Y, Koshiba S, Mugikura S, Osaka K, Hozawa A. A principal component analysis of metabolome and cognitive decline among Japanese older adults: cross-sectional analysis using Tohoku Medical Megabank Cohort Study. J Epidemiol 2024:JE20240099. [PMID: 38972731 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20240099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BackgroundDementia is the leading cause of disability and imposes a significant burden on society. Previous studies have suggested an association between metabolites and cognitive decline. Although the metabolite composition differs between Western and Asian populations, studies targeting Asian populations remain scarce.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data from a cohort survey of community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 60 years living in Miyagi, Japan, conducted by Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization between 2013 and 2016. Forty-three metabolite variables quantified using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used as explanatory variables. Dependent variable was the presence of cognitive decline (≤ 23 points), assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination. Principal component (PC) analysis was performed to reduce the dimensionality of metabolite variables, followed by logistic regression analysis to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cognitive decline.ResultsA total of 2,940 participants were included (men: 49.0%, mean age: 67.6 years). Among them, 1.9% showed cognitive decline. The first 12 PC components (PC1-PC12) accounted for 71.7% of the total variance. Multivariate analysis showed that PC1, which mainly represented essential amino acids, was associated with lower odds of cognitive decline (OR = 0.89; 95% CI, 0.80-0.98). PC2, which mainly included ketone bodies, was associated with cognitive decline (OR = 1.29; 95% CI, 1.11-1.51). PC3, which included amino acids, was associated with lower odds of cognitive decline (OR = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.66-0.99).ConclusionAmino acids are protectively associated with cognitive decline, whereas ketone metabolites are associated with higher odds of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakura Kiuchi
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Kumi Nakaya
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
| | - Upul Cooray
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
- Division of Statistics and Data Science, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Ikuko N Motoike
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University
- Systems Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Naoki Nakaya
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University
- Division of Health Behavioral Epidemiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yasuyuki Taki
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University
| | - Seizo Koshiba
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University
- The Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Tohoku University
| | - Shunji Mugikura
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
| | - Ken Osaka
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
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Perrar I, Alexy U, Nöthlings U. Cohort profile update-overview of over 35 years of research in the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:727-740. [PMID: 38151532 PMCID: PMC10948456 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03290-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide an update on the cohort profile of the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study, including objectives, study design, methods and description of the comprehensive data pool, as well as to summarize the most important research findings of recent years. METHODS In 1985, the open (dynamic) cohort started to collect information on diet, growth, development, and metabolism of healthy children and adolescents in Dortmund, Germany. Detailed data are collected annually during infancy, childhood, and adolescence of the participants, including a 3-day weighed dietary record, a 24-h urine sample, anthropometric and medical examinations as well as interviews on lifestyle. RESULTS Even if the basic examination modules have not changed since the start over 35 years ago, the DONALD study has been continuously further developed by introducing new modules. As such, participants are also invited for follow-up examinations during adulthood since 2005, including an additional fasting blood withdrawal. Overall, 2375 (♂: 1177; ♀: 1198) participants were recruited in the DONALD study between 1985 and 2022. Data from ~ 30,700 anthropometric measurements, ~ 19,200 dietary records, ~ 10,600 24-h urine and ~ 1300 blood samples are available from an observation period of over 35 years. CONCLUSION The DONALD study provides a large data pool for longitudinal studies on nutrition, growth, and health in childhood and adolescence, its impact on the development of diseases in early adult life as well as dietary intake trends over more than three decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Perrar
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences-Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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