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Kawasaki A, Matsuzaki Y, Kawada T. Neuroregulatory Effects of Microcone Patch Stimulation on the Auricular Branch of the Vagus Nerve and the Prefrontal Cortex: A Feasibility Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2399. [PMID: 38673672 PMCID: PMC11051441 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The primary purpose of this study was to preliminarily examine the effects of autonomic nervous system activity on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Recent studies have examined approaches to modulating autonomic activity using invasive and non-invasive methods, but the effects of changes in autonomic activity during cognitive tasks on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex have not been fully investigated. The purpose of this preliminary investigation was to examine changes in autonomic activity and blood oxygen saturation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during reading tasks induced by vagus nerve stimulation using a microcone patch. Methods: A cohort of 40 typically developing adults was enrolled in this study. We carefully examined changes in autonomic nervous system activity and blood oxygen saturation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during a reading task in two conditions: with and without microcone patch stimulation. Results: Significant changes in brain activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortext due to microcone patch stimulation were confirmed. In addition, hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed specific changes in reading task-related blood oxygen saturation in the dorsolateral prefrontal region during microcone patch stimulation. Conclusions: It should be recognized that this study is a preliminary investigation and does not have immediate clinical applications. However, our results suggest that changes in autonomic nervous system activity induced by external vagal stimulation may affect activity in specific reading-related regions of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Further research and evaluation are needed to fully understand the implications and potential applications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Kawasaki
- College of Social Csciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto 603-8577, Japan
- Graduate School of Education, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan;
| | - Yutaka Matsuzaki
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
| | - Taku Kawada
- Graduate School of Education, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan;
- Sendai Shirayuri Gakuen Elementary School, Sendai 981-3205, Japan
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2
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Watanabe N, Nara M, Suzuki S, Sugie M, Yamamoto T, Hotta H. Effects of gentle mechanical skin stimulation on subjective symptoms and joint range of motions in people with chronic neck and shoulder discomfort. J Physiol Sci 2023; 73:4. [PMID: 36991326 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-023-00862-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the efficacy of a 2-week self-administered gentle mechanical skin stimulation on chronic neck and shoulder discomfort. In participants (n = 12) with chronic neck and shoulder discomfort, subjective measures of pain sensation, discomfort, and difficulty in moving using a visual analog scale (VAS, 0-10) and objective measures of 12 different joint range of motions (ROMs) for the cervical and shoulder regions, using a digital goniometer, were collected before and after self-care with contact acupuncture, called microcones. The self-care for 2 weeks significantly (p < 0.001) decreased all VAS scores to 2.2-2.3 from baseline values of 6.0-7.4. Of the 12 ROMs tested, 8 were significantly increased (p < 0.013). This open-label study suggests the use of self-care with microcones in improving subjective symptoms and joint ROMs in people suffering from chronic neck and shoulder discomfort. However, a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial is needed to further investigate the efficacy and safety of microcones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Marina Nara
- Japanese Association for Healthy Life Expectancy, Tokyo, 173-0014, Japan
| | - Shihoko Suzuki
- NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation), Tokyo, 150-8001, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Sugie
- Oyama Kenko-no-Machi Clinic, Tokyo, 173-0014, Japan
- Health Promotion Management Office, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Takao Yamamoto
- NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation), Tokyo, 150-8001, Japan
| | - Harumi Hotta
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.
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3
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Gómez-Sánchez E, Franco-de la Torre L, Bologna-Molina RE, Molina-Frechero N, Serafín-Higuera NA, Hernández-Gómez A, Alonso-Castro ÁJ, Sat-Muñoz D, Isiordia-Espinoza MA. Local Tramadol Improves the Anesthetic Success in Patients with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10101867. [PMID: 36292314 PMCID: PMC9602303 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis is a painful clinical condition with a broad inflammatory component. Dental anesthesia in these patients is affected by the inflammatory process, reporting a high incidence of anesthesia failure. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analytical evaluation was to determine the effect of pre-treatment with tramadol in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, as well as for pain control and adverse effects. This study was registered in PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021279262). PubMed was consulted to identify clinical investigations comparing tramadol and placebo/local anesthetics in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Data about the anesthesia, pain control, and adverse effects were extracted. Both the anesthetic success index and the adverse effects of local tramadol and placebo were compared with the Mantel−Haenszel test and odds ratio. Data analysis showed that the local administration of tramadol increased the anesthetic success rate when compared to placebo in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (n = 228; I2 = 0; OR = 2.2; 95% CIs: 1.30 to 3.79; p < 0.004). However, local administration of tramadol increased the risk of adverse effects when compared to placebo/local anesthetics (n = 288; I2 = 0; OR = 7.72; 95% CIs: 1.37 to 43.46; p < 0.02). In conclusion, this study shows that the local administration of tramadol increases the anesthetic success index when compared to placebo in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Gómez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, División de Disciplinas Básicas para la Salud, Cuerpo Académico Ciencias Morfológicas en el Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de la Enfermedad (UDG-CA-874), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Lorenzo Franco-de la Torre
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Médicas, Departamento de Clínicas, División de Ciencias Biomédicas, Cuerpo Académico Terapéutica y Biología Molecular (UDG-CA-973), Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Guadalajara 47620, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - Nelly Molina-Frechero
- Departamento de Salud, Laboratorio de Cariología y Medicina Oral, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | | | - Adriana Hernández-Gómez
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Médicas, Departamento de Clínicas, División de Ciencias Biomédicas, Cuerpo Académico Terapéutica y Biología Molecular (UDG-CA-973), Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Guadalajara 47620, Jalisco, Mexico
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47620, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ángel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Departamento de Farmacia, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato City 36050, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Daniel Sat-Muñoz
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, División de Disciplinas Básicas para la Salud, Cuerpo Académico Ciencias Morfológicas en el Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de la Enfermedad (UDG-CA-874), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Mario Alberto Isiordia-Espinoza
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Médicas, Departamento de Clínicas, División de Ciencias Biomédicas, Cuerpo Académico Terapéutica y Biología Molecular (UDG-CA-973), Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Guadalajara 47620, Jalisco, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-(378)-119-57-86
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Sakamoto T, Ishio Y, Ishida Y, Mogi K, Kikusui T. Low maternal licking/grooming stimulation increases pain sensitivity in male mouse offspring. Exp Anim 2021; 70:13-21. [PMID: 32741955 PMCID: PMC7887629 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.20-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Deprivation of maternal care has been associated with higher pain sensitivity in offspring. In the present study, we hypothesized that the maternal licking/grooming behavior was an important factor for the development of the pain regulatory system. To test this hypothesis, we used male F2 offspring of early-weaned (EW) F1 mother mice that exhibit lower frequency of licking/grooming behavior. The formalin test revealed that F2 offspring of EW F1 dams showed significantly higher pain behavior than F2 offspring of normally-weaned (NW) F1 dams. We found that the mRNA levels of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), a nociceptor, were higher in the lumbosacral dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of F2 offspring of EW F1 dams than those of F2 offspring of NW F1 dams, suggesting that the higher pain sensitivity may be attributed to low licking/grooming, which may result in developmental changes in nociceptive neurons. In the DRG, mRNA levels of Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor B4 (MrgprB4), a marker of sensory neurons that detect gentle stroking, was also up-regulated in the F2 offspring of EW F1 dams. Considering that gentle touch alleviates pain, Mrgprb4 up-regulation may reflect a compensatory change. The present findings indicate important implications of maternal licking/grooming behavior in the development of the pain regulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sakamoto
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Yukino Ishio
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Yuiko Ishida
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Mogi
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Takefumi Kikusui
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
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Saito N, Kaneko G, Mito K. Bumpy Patches: Analgesic Effects of Particle Pressure in Sports Injury Treatment. ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.14326/abe.10.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Norio Saito
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Traditional Medicine Clinic
| | - Gen Kaneko
- School of Arts & Sciences, University of Houston-Victoria
| | - Kazuyuki Mito
- The Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications
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6
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Chapman KB, Yousef TA, Foster A, D Stanton-Hicks M, van Helmond N. Mechanisms for the Clinical Utility of Low-Frequency Stimulation in Neuromodulation of the Dorsal Root Ganglion. Neuromodulation 2020; 24:738-745. [PMID: 33236811 DOI: 10.1111/ner.13323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dorsal root ganglion stimulation (DRG-S) involves the electrical modulation of the somata of afferent neural fibers to treat chronic pain. DRG-S has demonstrated clinical efficacy at frequencies lower than typically used with spinal cord stimulation (SCS). In a clinical study, we found that the frequency of DRG-S can be tapered to a frequency as low as 4 Hz with no loss of efficacy. This review discusses possible mechanisms of action underlying effective pain relief with very low-frequency DRG-S. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a literature review to explore the role of frequency in neural transmission and the corresponding relevance of frequency settings with neuromodulation. FINDINGS Sensory neural transmission is a frequency-modulated system, with signal frequency determining which mechanisms are activated in the dorsal horn. In the dorsal horn, low-frequency signaling (<20 Hz) activates inhibitory processes while higher frequencies (>25 Hz) are excitatory. Physiologically, low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs) fibers transmit or modulate innocuous mechanical touch at frequencies as low as 0.5-5 Hz, while nociceptive fibers transmit pain at high frequencies. We postulate that very low-frequency DRG-S, at least partially, harnesses LTMRs and the native endogenous opioid system. Utilizing lower stimulation frequency decreases the total energy delivery used for DRG-S, extends battery life, and facilitates the development of devices with smaller generators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth B Chapman
- Spine & Pain Institute of New York, New York City, NY, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York City, NY, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra Northwell, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Tariq A Yousef
- Spine & Pain Institute of New York, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Noud van Helmond
- Spine & Pain Institute of New York, New York City, NY, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA
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7
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Bordoni B, Walkowski S, Ducoux B, Tobbi F. The Cranial Bowl in the New Millennium and Sutherland's Legacy for Osteopathic Medicine: Part 2. Cureus 2020; 12:e10435. [PMID: 33062548 PMCID: PMC7556686 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.10435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cranial osteopathic medicine is practiced all over the world, respecting the dictates of the creator, Dr Sutherland. Despite the current manual approach faithfully follows the theoretical and practical bases that make up the cranial model of the last century, there are many scientific evidences that highlight the criticalities of the same model. In the first part we reviewed the role of the meninges and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as well as we discussed some rhythms present in the central nervous system; these latter elements are the pillars to support the theoretical idea of the movement of the skull evaluated and palpated by the osteopath. In this second part we will review the mechanical characteristics of other structures that make up the cranial system, highlighting new perspectives for clinical practice, thanks to the most recent data derived from scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bordoni
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Foundation Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, ITA
| | - Stevan Walkowski
- Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine-Dublin, Dublin, USA
| | - Bruno Ducoux
- Osteopathy, Formation Recherche Osteopathie Prévention, Bordeaux, FRA
| | - Filippo Tobbi
- Osteopathy, Poliambulatorio Medico e Odontoiatrico, Varese, ITA
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8
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Chapman KB, Groenen PS, Vissers KC, van Helmond N, Stanton-Hicks MD. The Pathways and Processes Underlying Spinal Transmission of Low Back Pain: Observations From Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation Treatment. Neuromodulation 2020; 24:610-621. [PMID: 32329155 DOI: 10.1111/ner.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dorsal root ganglion stimulation (DRG-S) is a novel approach to treat chronic pain. Lead placement at L2 has been reported to be an effective treatment for axial low back pain (LBP) primarily of discogenic etiology. We have recently shown, in a diverse cohort including cases of multilevel instrumentation following extensive prior back surgeries, that DRG-S lead placement at T12 is another promising target. Local effects at the T12 DRG, alone, are insufficient to explain these results. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a literature review to explore the mechanisms of LBP relief with T12 DRG-S. FINDINGS Branches of individual spinal nerve roots innervate facet joints and posterior spinal structures, while the discs and anterior vertebrae are carried via L2, and converge in the dorsal horn (DH) of the spinal cord at T8-T9. The T12 nerve root contains cutaneous afferents from the low back and enters the DH of the spinal cord at T10. Low back Aδ and C-fibers then ascend via Lissauer's tract (LT) to T8-T9, converging with other low back afferents. DRG-S at T12, then, results in inhibition of the converged low back fibers via endorphin-mediated and GABAergic frequency-dependent mechanisms. Therefore, T12 lead placement may be the optimal location for DRG-S to treat LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth B Chapman
- The Spine & Pain Institute of New York, New York City, NY, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York City, NY, USA.,Northwell Health Systems, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Pauline S Groenen
- The Spine & Pain Institute of New York, New York City, NY, USA.,College of Medicine, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Kris C Vissers
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain, and Palliative Medicine, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Noud van Helmond
- The Spine & Pain Institute of New York, New York City, NY, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA
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9
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Costa R, Tamascia ML, Sanches A, Moreira RP, Cunha TS, Nogueira MD, Casarini DE, Marcondes FK. Tactile stimulation of adult rats modulates hormonal responses, depression-like behaviors, and memory impairment induced by chronic mild stress: Role of angiotensin II. Behav Brain Res 2020; 379:112250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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10
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Hotta H, Watanabe N. Gentle Perineal Skin Stimulation for Control of Nocturia. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 302:1824-1836. [PMID: 30980505 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
One of the major causes of nocturia is overactive bladder (OAB). Somatic afferent nerve stimuli are used for treating OAB. However, clinical evidence for the efficacy of this treatment is insufficient due to the lack of appropriate control stimuli. Studies on anesthetized animals, which eliminate emotional factors and placebo effects, have demonstrated an influence of somatic stimuli on urinary bladder functions and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. In general, the effects of somatic stimuli are dependent on the modality, location, and physical characteristics of the stimulus. Recently we showed that gentle stimuli applied to the perineal skin using a soft elastomer roller inhibited micturition contractions to a greater extent than a roller with a hard surface. Studies aiming to elucidate the neural mechanisms of gentle stimulation-induced inhibition reported that 1-10 Hz discharges of low-threshold cutaneous mechanoreceptive Aβ, Aδ, and C fibers evoked during stimulation with an elastomer roller inhibited the micturition reflex by activating the spinal cord opioid system, thereby reducing both ascending and descending transmission between bladder and pontine micturition center. The present review will provide a brief summary of (1) the effect of somatic electrical stimulation on the micturition reflex, (2) the effect of gentle mechanical skin stimulation on the micturition reflex, (3) the afferent, efferent, and central mechanisms underlying the effects of gentle stimulation, and (4) a translational clinical study demonstrating the efficacy of gentle skin stimuli for treating nocturia in the elderly with OAB by using the two roller types inducing distinct effects on rat micturition contractions. Anat Rec, 302:1824-1836, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harumi Hotta
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Harris SJ, Papathanassoglou EDE, Gee M, Hampshaw SM, Lindgren L, Haywood A. Interpersonal touch interventions for patients in intensive care: A design-oriented realist review. Nurs Open 2019; 6:216-235. [PMID: 30918674 PMCID: PMC6419112 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To develop a theoretical framework to inform the design of interpersonal touch interventions intended to reduce stress in adult intensive care unit patients. DESIGN Realist review with an intervention design-oriented approach. METHODS We searched CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Web of Science and grey literature sources without date restrictions. Subject experts suggested additional articles. Evidence synthesis drew on diverse sources of literature and was conducted iteratively with theory testing. We consulted stakeholders to focus the review. We performed systematic searches to corroborate our developing theoretical framework. RESULTS We present a theoretical framework based around six intervention construction principles. Theory testing provided some evidence in favour of treatment repetition, dynamic over static touch and lightening sedation. A lack of empirical evidence was identified for construction principles relating to intensity and positive/negative evaluation of emotional experience, moderate pressure touch for sedated patients and intervention delivery by relatives versus healthcare practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sansha J. Harris
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR)University of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | | | - Melanie Gee
- Faculty of Health and WellbeingSheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK
| | - Susan M. Hampshaw
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR)University of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | | | - Annette Haywood
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR)University of SheffieldSheffieldUK
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12
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Hotta H, Suzuki H, Iimura K, Watanabe N. Age-Related Changes in Neuromodulatory Control of Bladder Micturition Contractions Originating in the Skin. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:117. [PMID: 29599702 PMCID: PMC5863509 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The brainstem is essential for producing micturition contractions of the urinary bladder. Afferent input from perineal skin evoked by gentle mechanical stimulation inhibits micturition contractions by decreasing both ascending and descending transmissions between the brainstem and spinal cord. Dysfunction of this inhibitory mechanism may be one cause of the increase in the prevalence of overactive bladder in old age. The aim of this study was to examine effect of aging on function of skin afferent fibers that inhibit bladder micturition contractions in rats. We used anesthetized male rats in three different age groups: young adult (4–5 months old), middle aged (6–9 months old), and aged (27–30 months old). The bladder was expanded to produce isovolumetric rhythmic micturition contractions. Skin afferent fibers were activated for 1 min either by electrical stimulation (0.5 ms, 0.2–10 V, 0.1–10 Hz) of the cutaneous branch of the pudendal nerve (CBPN) or by gentle mechanical skin stimulation with an elastomer roller. When skin afferent nerves were activated electrically, micturition contractions were inhibited in a similar manner in all age groups, with long latency inhibition induced by excitation of Aβ fibers and short latency inhibition by additional Aδ and C fiber excitation (at 1–10 Hz). On the contrary, when skin afferent nerves were activated mechanically by rolling, latency of inhibition following rolling stimulation was prolonged in aged rats. Single unitary afferent nerve activity of low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMs) from the cutaneous nerve was recorded. The discharge rate during rolling was not significantly reduced in Aβ units but was much lower in Aδ and C units in aged rats (0.4 and 0.5 Hz, respectively) than in young adult rats (3 and 7 Hz). These results suggest that the neural mechanism that inhibits bladder micturition contractions by skin afferent input is well maintained in old age, but the early inhibition by gentle skin stimulation is decreased because of reduced responses of Aδ- and C-LTMs.
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Abstract
This paper is the thirty-eighth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2015 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior, and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia, stress and social status, tolerance and dependence, learning and memory, eating and drinking, drug abuse and alcohol, sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology, mental illness and mood, seizures and neurologic disorders, electrical-related activity and neurophysiology, general activity and locomotion, gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions, cardiovascular responses, respiration and thermoregulation, and immunological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
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14
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Watanabe N, Hotta H. Heart Rate Changes in Response to Mechanical Pressure Stimulation of Skeletal Muscles Are Mediated by Cardiac Sympathetic Nerve Activity. Front Neurosci 2017; 10:614. [PMID: 28119562 PMCID: PMC5222799 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulation of mechanoreceptors in skeletal muscles such as contraction and stretch elicits reflexive autonomic nervous system changes which impact cardiovascular control. There are pressure-sensitive mechanoreceptors in skeletal muscles. Mechanical pressure stimulation of skeletal muscles can induce reflex changes in heart rate (HR) and blood pressure, although the neural mechanisms underlying this effect are unclear. We examined the contribution of cardiac autonomic nerves to HR responses induced by mechanical pressure stimulation (30 s, ~10 N/cm2) of calf muscles in isoflurane-anesthetized rats. Animals were artificially ventilated and kept warm using a heating pad and lamp, and respiration and core body temperature were maintained within physiological ranges. Mechanical stimulation was applied using a stimulation probe 6 mm in diameter with a flat surface. Cardiac sympathetic and vagus nerves were blocked to test the contribution of the autonomic nerves. For sympathetic nerve block, bilateral stellate ganglia, and cervical sympathetic nerves were surgically sectioned, and for vagus nerve block, the nerve was bilaterally severed. In addition, mass discharges of cardiac sympathetic efferent nerve were electrophysiologically recorded. Mechanical stimulation increased or decreased HR in autonomic nerve-intact rats (range: −56 to +10 bpm), and the responses were negatively correlated with pre-stimulus HR (r = −0.65, p = 0.001). Stimulation-induced HR responses were markedly attenuated by blocking the cardiac sympathetic nerve (range: −9 to +3 bpm, p < 0.0001) but not the vagus nerve (range: −75 to +30 bpm, p = 0.17). In the experiments with cardiac sympathetic efferent nerve activity recordings, mechanical stimulation increased, or decreased the frequency of sympathetic nerve activity in parallel with HR (r = 0.77, p = 0.0004). Furthermore, the changes in sympathetic nerve activity were negatively correlated with its tonic level (r = −0.62, p = 0.0066). These results suggest that cardiac sympathetic nerve activity regulates HR responses to muscle mechanical pressure stimulation and the direction of HR responses depends on the tonic level of the nerve activity, i.e., bradycardia occurs when the tonic activity is high and tachycardia occurs when the activity is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harumi Hotta
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo, Japan
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Amirova LE, Navasiolava NM, Bareille MP, Beck A, Tomilovskaya ES, Kozlovzkaya IB, Gauquelin-Koch G, Gharib C, Custaud MA. Effects of plantar stimulation on cardiovascular response to orthostatism. Eur J Appl Physiol 2016; 116:2257-2266. [PMID: 27688160 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-016-3479-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Walking is a complex locomotor process that involves both spinal cord reflexes and cortical integration of peripheral nerve input. Maintaining an upright body position requires not only neuromuscular activity but also cardiovascular regulation. We postulated that plantar mechanical stimulation might modulate autonomic nervous system activity and, thereby, impact blood pressure adaptation during standing. METHODS Twelve healthy subjects underwent three randomly ordered 45-min 70°-saddle tilt tests while the plantar surfaces of the feet were stimulated using specially engineered Korvit boots in the following modes: (1) no stimulation, (2) disrupted stimulation, and (3) walking mode. Orthostatic tolerance time was measured for each trial. During testing, we obtained an electrocardiogram and measured blood pressure, skin blood flow, and popliteal vein cross-sectional area. We estimated central hemodynamics, baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability. RESULTS Orthostatic tolerance time was not found to differ significantly between test conditions (37.2 ± 10.4, 40.9 ± 7.6, and 41.8 ± 8.2 min, for no stimulation, disrupted stimulation, and walking mode, respectively). No significant differences between treatment groups were observed for stroke volume or cardiac baroreflex sensitivity, both of which decreased significantly from baseline during tilt testing in all groups. Cardiac sympathetic index and popliteal vein cross-sectional area increased at the end of the tilt period in all groups, without significant differences between treatments. CONCLUSIONS Plantar mechanical stimulation is insufficient for immediate modulation of cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic activity under orthostatic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liubov E Amirova
- Laboratoire BNMI, Faculté de Médecine, UMR CNRS 6214, INSERM 1083, 49045, Angers Cedex, France
- Institute for Biomedical Problems, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Arnaud Beck
- Institute for Space Medicine and Physiology (MEDES), Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | - Claude Gharib
- Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
- CIDO, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Marc-Antoine Custaud
- Laboratoire BNMI, Faculté de Médecine, UMR CNRS 6214, INSERM 1083, 49045, Angers Cedex, France.
- CRC, Clinical Research Center, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France.
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Onda A, Uchida S, Suzuki H, Hotta H. Stimulus frequency-dependent inhibition of micturition contractions of the urinary bladder by electrical stimulation of afferent Aβ, Aδ, and C fibers in cutaneous branches of the pudendal nerve. J Physiol Sci 2016; 66:491-496. [PMID: 27384685 PMCID: PMC5045840 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-016-0468-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to examine the afferent mechanisms for the reflex inhibition of the rhythmic micturition contractions (RMCs) of the urinary bladder induced by stimulation of the perineal skin afferents in urethane-anesthetized rats. Electrical stimulation (pulse duration: 0.5 ms) was applied to the cutaneous branches of the pudendal nerve (CBPN) at frequencies of 0.1, 1, and 10 Hz for 1 min. Nerve fiber groups were defined by recording compound action potentials from CBPN. Activation of only Aβ fibers (0.2 V) produced an inhibition of RMCs at 7-11 min after the onset of stimulation (late inhibition), at any tested frequency. Additional activation of Aδ fibers (1 V) produced additional early inhibition (immediately after stimulation) at 1 and 10 Hz. Furthermore, additional activation of C fibers (10 V) at 10 Hz completely stopped RMCs for >10 min. This strong inhibition persisted after local application of capsaicin to the stimulating CBPN. We conclude that activities of Aβ, Aδ, and C afferent fibers, without capsaicin-sensitive channels, can contribute to the inhibition of bladder contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Onda
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.,Division of Rheumatology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 173-8606, Japan
| | - Sae Uchida
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Harue Suzuki
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.,Graduate School of the University of Human Arts and Sciences, Saitama, 339-8539, Japan
| | - Harumi Hotta
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.
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Iimura K, Watanabe N, Masunaga K, Miyazaki S, Hotta H, Kim H, Hisajima T, Takahashi H, Kasuya Y. Effects of a Gentle, Self-Administered Stimulation of Perineal Skin for Nocturia in Elderly Women: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Crossover Trial. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151726. [PMID: 27003163 PMCID: PMC4803221 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Somatic afferent nerve stimuli are used for treating an overactive bladder (OAB), a major cause of nocturia in the elderly. Clinical evidence for this treatment is insufficient because of the lack of appropriate control stimuli. Recent studies on anesthetized animals show that gentle stimuli applied to perineal skin with a roller could inhibit micturition contractions depending on the roller’s surface material. We examined the efficacy of gentle skin stimuli for treating nocturia. Methods The study was a cross-over, placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized clinical study using two rollers with different effects on micturition contractions. Participants were elderly women (79–89 years) with nocturia. Active (soft elastomer roller) or placebo (hard polystyrene roller) stimuli were applied to perineal skin by participants for 1 min at bedtime. A 3-day baseline assessment period was followed by 3-day stimulation and 4-day resting periods, after which the participants were subjected to other stimuli for another 3 days. The primary outcome was change in the frequency of nighttime urination, for which charts were maintained during each 3-day period. Results Twenty-four participants were randomized, of which 22 completed all study protocols. One participant discontinued treatment because of an adverse event (abdominal discomfort). In participants with OAB (n = 9), change from baseline in the mean frequency of urination per night during the active stimuli period (mean ± standard deviation, −0.74 ± 0.7 times) was significantly greater than that during placebo stimuli periods (−0.15 ± 0.8 times [p < 0.05]). In contrast, this difference was not observed in participants without OAB (n = 13). Conclusions These results suggest that gentle perineal stimulation with an elastomer roller is effective for treating OAB-associated nocturia in elderly women. Here the limitation was a study period too short to assess changes in the quality of sleep and life. Trial Registration UMIN Clinical Trial Registry (CTR) UMIN000015809
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Iimura
- Graduate School of Health Science, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Masunaga
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Miyazaki
- Graduate School of Health Science, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Faculty of Health Care, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harumi Hotta
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hunkyung Kim
- Department of Promotion of Prevention of Musculoskeletal Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Hisajima
- Graduate School of Health Science, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Faculty of Health Care, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Takahashi
- Graduate School of Health Science, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Faculty of Health Care, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kasuya
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Hotta H, Watanabe N. Gentle Mechanical Skin Stimulation Inhibits Micturition Contractions via the Spinal Opioidergic System and by Decreasing Both Ascending and Descending Transmissions of the Micturition Reflex in the Spinal Cord. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135185. [PMID: 26252000 PMCID: PMC4529237 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, we found that gentle mechanical skin stimulation inhibits the micturition reflex in anesthetized rats. However, the central mechanisms underlying this inhibition have not been determined. This study aimed to clarify the central neural mechanisms underlying this inhibitory effect. In urethane-anesthetized rats, cutaneous stimuli were applied for 1 min to the skin of the perineum using an elastic polymer roller with a smooth, soft surface. Inhibition of rhythmic micturition contractions by perineal stimulation was abolished by naloxone, an antagonist of opioidergic receptors, administered into the intrathecal space of the lumbosacral spinal cord at doses of 2–20 μg but was not affected by the same doses of naloxone administered into the subarachnoid space of the cisterna magna. Next, we examined whether perineal rolling stimulation inhibited the descending and ascending limbs of the micturition reflex. Perineal rolling stimulation inhibited bladder contractions induced by electrical stimulation of the pontine micturition center (PMC) or the descending tract of the micturition reflex pathway. It also inhibited the bladder distension-induced increase in the blood flow of the dorsal cord at L5–S1, reflecting the neural activity of this area, as well as pelvic afferent-evoked field potentials in the dorsal commissure at the lumbosacral level; these areas contain long ascending neurons to the PMC. Neuronal activities in this center were also inhibited by the rolling stimulation. These results suggest that the perineal rolling stimulation activates the spinal opioidergic system and inhibits both ascending and descending transmissions of the micturition reflex pathway in the spinal cord. These inhibitions would lead to the shutting down of positive feedback between the bladder and the PMC, resulting in inhibition of the micturition reflex. Based on the central neural mechanisms we show here, gentle perineal stimulation may be applicable to several different types of overactive bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harumi Hotta
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Nobuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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