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Ahmadimanesh M, Etemad L, Morshedi Rad D, Ghahremani MH, Mohammadpour AH, Jafarzadeh Esfehani R, Jowsey P, Behdani F, Moallem SA, Abbaszadegan MR. Effect of citalopram and sertraline on the expression of miRNA- 124, 132, and 16 and their protein targets in patients with depression. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 26:820-829. [PMID: 37396946 PMCID: PMC10311976 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.66496.14595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effect of SSRIs on the expression of miRNAs and their protein targets. Materials and Methods In a 100 day open-label study of citalopram (n=25) and sertraline (n=25), levels of miRNA 16, 132, and 124 and glucocorticoid receptor (GR), Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and serotonin transporter (SERT) protein expression were measured by QRT-PCR and western blot in healthy control (n=20), patients with depression at the baseline, and same patients after 100 days of treatment. Results Expression levels of GR and BDNF proteins were lower in the depressed group before treatment as compared with the healthy group (P<0.0001). The SERT level was higher among the depressed group before treatment in comparison with the healthy group (P<0.0001). The level of GR and BDNF significantly increased, and SERT expression decreased after receiving sertraline (P<0.05). When the depressed group received citalopram, only SERT and GR were altered (P<0.05). Among the microRNAs' expression investigated, mir-124 and mir-132 were higher, and mir-16 was lower among the depressed compared with the healthy group (P<0.0001). Individuals receiving citalopram only showed an increase in the expression of mir-16 while administration of sertraline led to a significant increase in the expression of mir-16 and a decrease in mir-124 and mir-132 (P<0.05). Conclusion This elucidated the relationship between antidepressant treatment and the expression of different microRNA that control gene expression in various pathways involved in depressed patients. Receiving SSRI can affect the level of these proteins and their relevant microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Ahmadimanesh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Food and Drug Vice Presidency, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Leila Etemad
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Dorsa Morshedi Rad
- Center of Health Technologies, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani
- Department of Toxicology-Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of clinical pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Jafarzadeh Esfehani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Paul Jowsey
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Health Protection Research Unit for Chemical and Radiation Threats and Hazards, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Fatemeh Behdani
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Adel Moallem
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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2
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Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 (IGF-2) and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 7 (IGFBP-7) Are Upregulated after Atypical Antipsychotics in Spanish Schizophrenia Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179591. [PMID: 36076984 PMCID: PMC9455262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) and IGF binding protein 7 (IGFBP-7) have been related to schizophrenia (SZ) due to their implication in neurodevelopment. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the alterations in IGF-2 and IGFBP-7 in SZ patients are intrinsically related to the psychiatric disorder itself or are a secondary phenomenon due to antipsychotic treatment. In order to test this hypothesis, we measured plasma IGF-2 and IGFBP-7 in drug-naïve first episode (FE) and multiple episodes or chronic (ME) SZ Caucasian patients who have been following treatment for years. A total of 55 SZ patients (FE = 15, ME = 40) and 45 healthy controls were recruited. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Self-Assessment Anhedonia Scale (SAAS) were employed to check schizophrenic symptomatology and anhedonia, respectively. Plasma IGF-2 and IGFBP-7 levels were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The FE SZ patients had much lower IGF-2, but not IGFBP-7, than controls. Moreover, both IGF-2 and IGFBP-7 significantly increased after atypical antipsychotic treatment (aripiprazole, olanzapine, or risperidone) in these patients. On the other hand, chronic patients showed higher levels of both proteins when compared to controls. Our study suggests that circulatory IGF-2 and IGFBP-7 increase after antipsychotic treatment, regardless of long-term conditions and being lower in drug-naïve FE patients.
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Allen J, Romay-Tallon R, Mitchell MA, Brymer KJ, Johnston J, Sánchez-Lafuente CL, Pinna G, Kalynchuk LE, Caruncho HJ. Reelin has antidepressant-like effects after repeated or singular peripheral injections. Neuropharmacology 2022; 211:109043. [PMID: 35341790 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stress is a significant risk factor for depression onset. The effects of chronic stress can be studied preclinically using a corticosterone (CORT)-administration paradigm that results in a phenotype of depressive-like behavior associated with neurochemical abnormalities in brain regions like the hippocampus. We have recently shown that intrahippocampal infusions of Reelin have a fast effect in normalizing CORT-induced behavioral and neurochemical alterations. Reelin is also expressed in multiple peripheral systems and is found in blood plasma which prompted us to investigate whether peripheral intravenous (i.v.) Reelin injections could also result in antidepressant (ATD)-like actions. Repeated i.v. injections of Reelin were effective in rescuing the CORT-induced increases in forced-swim-test immobility in male and female rats, decreases in Reelin-immunopositive cells in the dentate gyrus subgranular zone, and expression of hippocampal GABAAβ 2/3, GluA1, and GluN2B receptors. However, Reelin had only a partial effect on the number and maturation rate of dentate gyrus newborn cells. CORT and Reelin did not affect open field test behavior. After evaluating the effects of multiple Reelin injections, we demonstrated that a single Reelin injection administered at the end of CORT treatment could rescue in 24 h the behavioral (forced-swim-test and object-in-place test), as well as neurochemical effects of CORT. These findings show that i.v. injections of Reelin have fast ATD-like effects associated with the restoration of hippocampal neurochemical deficits. Although additional mechanistic and pharmacokinetic studies are necessary, our data open the possibility to develop Reelin-based therapeutics with putative fast-ATD activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Allen
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | - Milann A Mitchell
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kyle J Brymer
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Jenessa Johnston
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | - Graziano Pinna
- The Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lisa E Kalynchuk
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Hector J Caruncho
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
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4
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Johnston JN, Ridgway L, Cary-Barnard S, Allen J, Sanchez-Lafuente CL, Reive B, Kalynchuk LE, Caruncho HJ. Patient oriented research in mental health: matching laboratory to life and beyond in Canada. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2021; 7:21. [PMID: 33902751 PMCID: PMC8074277 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-021-00266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
As patient-oriented research gains popularity in clinical research, the lack of patient input in foundational science grows more evident. Research has shown great utility in active partnerships between patient partners and scientists, yet many researchers are still hesitant about listening to the voices of those with lived experience guide and shape their experiments. Mental health has been a leading area for patient movements such as survivor-led research, however the stigma experienced by these patients creates difficulties not present in other health disciplines. The emergence of COVID-19 has also created unique circumstances that need to be addressed. Through this lens, we have taken experiences from our patient partners, students, and primary investigator to create recommendations for the better facilitation of patient-oriented research in foundational science in Canada. With these guidelines, from initial recruitment and leading to sustaining meaningful partnerships, we hope to encourage other researchers that patient-oriented research is necessary for the future of mental health research and foundational science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenessa N Johnston
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Lisa Ridgway
- Patient Partner, BC SUPPORT Unit, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | - Josh Allen
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | - Brady Reive
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Lisa E Kalynchuk
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Hector J Caruncho
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
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5
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Johnston JN, Thacker JS, Desjardins C, Kulyk BD, Romay-Tallon R, Kalynchuk LE, Caruncho HJ. Ketamine Rescues Hippocampal Reelin Expression and Synaptic Markers in the Repeated-Corticosterone Chronic Stress Paradigm. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:559627. [PMID: 32982757 PMCID: PMC7493014 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.559627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide, which necessitates novel therapeutics and biomarkers to approach treatment of this neuropsychiatric disorder. To assess potential mechanisms underlying the fast-acting antidepressant actions of ketamine we used a repeated corticosterone paradigm in adult male rats to assess the effects of ketamine on reelin-positive cells, a protein largely implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. We also assessed the effects of reelin and ketamine on hippocampal and cerebellar synpatosomes, and on serotonin transporter clustering in peripheral lymphocytes to determine reelin and ketamine's impact at the synaptic and peripheral levels. Reelin and ketamine similarly rescue synaptic expression of mTOR and p-mTOR that were decreased by corticosterone. Reelin, but not ketamine, was able to rescue patterns of serotonin transporter clustering in the periphery. These findings display ketamine as a powerful modulator of reelin expression and lend strength to further evaluation of the putative fast antidepressant-like actions of reelin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Brian D. Kulyk
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | - Lisa E. Kalynchuk
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Hector J. Caruncho
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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6
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Caruncho HJ, Rivera-Baltanas T, Romay-Tallon R, Kalynchuk LE, Olivares JM. Patterns of Membrane Protein Clustering in Peripheral Lymphocytes as Predictors of Therapeutic Outcomes in Major Depressive Disorder. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:190. [PMID: 30930773 PMCID: PMC6423346 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an utmost necessity of developing novel biomarkers of depression that result in a more efficacious use of current antidepressant drugs. The present report reviews and discusses a recent series of experiments that focused on analysis of membrane protein clustering in peripheral lymphocytes as putative biomarkers of therapeutic efficacy for major depressive disorder. This review recapitulates how the ideas were originated, and the main findings demonstrated that analysis of serotonin transporter and serotonin 2 A receptor clustering in peripheral lymphocytes of naïve depression patients resulted in a discrimination of two subpopulations of depressed patients that showed a differential response upon 8 weeks of antidepressant treatment. The paper also reviews the usefulness of animal models of depression for an initial evaluation of membrane protein clustering in lymphocytes, which provides a screening tool to determine additional proteins to be further evaluated in depression patients. Finally, the present review provides a brief discussion of the general field of biomarkers of depression in relation to therapeutic outcomes and suggests additional ideas to provide extra value to the reviewed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector J Caruncho
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Tania Rivera-Baltanas
- Psychiatric Diseases Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (CHUVI), SERGAS, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Lisa E Kalynchuk
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Jose M Olivares
- Psychiatric Diseases Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (CHUVI), SERGAS, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
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7
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Romay-Tallon R, Kulhawy E, Brymer KJ, Allen J, Rivera-Baltanas T, Olivares JM, Kalynchuk LE, Caruncho HJ. Changes in Membrane Protein Clustering in Peripheral Lymphocytes in an Animal Model of Depression Parallel Those Observed in Naïve Depression Patients: Implications for the Development of Novel Biomarkers of Depression. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1149. [PMID: 30374301 PMCID: PMC6196231 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Naïve depression patients show alterations in serotonin transporter (SERT) and serotonin 2A (5HT2A) receptor clustering in peripheral lymphocytes, and these alterations have been proposed as a biomarker of therapeutic efficacy in major depression. Repeated corticosterone (CORT) induces a consistent depression-like phenotype and has been widely used as an animal model to study neurobiological alterations underlying the depressive symptoms. In this experiment, we used the CORT paradigm to evaluate whether depression-like behavior is associated with similar changes in the pattern of SERT and 5HT2A membrane protein clustering as those observed in depression patients. We also analyzed the clustering of other proteins expressed in lipid rafts in lymphocytes. Rats received daily CORT or vehicle injections for 21 consecutive days. Afterward they underwent the forced swim test to evaluate depression-like behavior, and isolated lymphocytes were analyzed by immunocytochemistry coupled to image-analysis to study clustering parameters of the SERT, 5HT2A receptor, dopamine transporter (DAT), Beta2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR), NMDA 2B receptor (NR2B), Pannexin 1 (Pnx1), and prion cellular protein (PrPc). Our results showed that CORT increases the size of protein clusters for all proteins with the exception of β 2AR, which is decreased. CORT also increased the number of clusters for Pnx1 and PrPc only. Overall, these results indicate that alterations in SERT and 5HT2A protein clustering in naïve depression patients are paralleled by changes seen in an animal model of depression. The CORT paradigm may be a useful screen for examining additional proteins in lymphocytes as a preliminary step prior to their analysis as biomarkers of depression in human blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erin Kulhawy
- Innovate-Calgary, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kyle J Brymer
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Josh Allen
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | - Jose M Olivares
- Division of Psychiatry, Hospital Alvaro Cunqueiro, CHUVI, Vigo, Spain
| | - Lisa E Kalynchuk
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Hector J Caruncho
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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8
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p38α MAPK signaling drives pharmacologically reversible brain and gastrointestinal phenotypes in the SERT Ala56 mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E10245-E10254. [PMID: 30297392 PMCID: PMC6205438 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1809137115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common neurobehavioral disorder with limited treatment options. Activation of p38 MAPK signaling networks has been identified in ASD, and p38 MAPK signaling elevates serotonin (5-HT) transporter (SERT) activity, effects mimicked by multiple, hyperfunctional SERT coding variants identified in ASD subjects. Mice expressing the most common of these variants (SERT Ala56) exhibit hyperserotonemia, a biomarker observed in ASD subjects, as well as p38 MAPK-dependent SERT hyperphosphorylation, elevated hippocampal 5-HT clearance, hypersensitivity of CNS 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A/2C receptors, and behavioral and gastrointestinal perturbations reminiscent of ASD. As the α-isoform of p38 MAPK drives SERT activation, we tested the hypothesis that CNS-penetrant, α-isoform-specific p38 MAPK inhibitors might normalize SERT Ala56 phenotypes. Strikingly, 1-week treatment of adult SERT Ala56 mice with MW150, a selective p38α MAPK inhibitor, normalized hippocampal 5-HT clearance, CNS 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A/2C receptor sensitivities, social interactions, and colonic motility. Conditional elimination of p38α MAPK in 5-HT neurons of SERT Ala56 mice restored 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A/2C receptor sensitivities as well as social interactions, mirroring effects of MW150. Our findings support ongoing p38α MAPK activity as an important determinant of the physiological and behavioral perturbations of SERT Ala56 mice and, more broadly, supports consideration of p38α MAPK inhibition as a potential treatment for core and comorbid phenotypes present in ASD subjects.
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9
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Allen J, Romay-Tallon R, Brymer KJ, Caruncho HJ, Kalynchuk LE. Mitochondria and Mood: Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Key Player in the Manifestation of Depression. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:386. [PMID: 29928190 PMCID: PMC5997778 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human and animal studies suggest an intriguing link between mitochondrial diseases and depression. Although depression has historically been linked to alterations in monoaminergic pharmacology and adult hippocampal neurogenesis, new data increasingly implicate broader forms of dampened plasticity, including plasticity within the cell. Mitochondria are the cellular powerhouse of eukaryotic cells, and they also regulate brain function through oxidative stress and apoptosis. In this paper, we make the case that mitochondrial dysfunction could play an important role in the pathophysiology of depression. Alterations in mitochondrial functions such as oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and membrane polarity, which increase oxidative stress and apoptosis, may precede the development of depressive symptoms. However, the data in relation to antidepressant drug effects are contradictory: some studies reveal they have no effect on mitochondrial function or even potentiate dysfunction, whereas other studies show more beneficial effects. Overall, the data suggest an intriguing link between mitochondrial function and depression that warrants further investigation. Mitochondria could be targeted in the development of novel antidepressant drugs, and specific forms of mitochondrial dysfunction could be identified as biomarkers to personalize treatment and aid in early diagnosis by differentiating between disorders with overlapping symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Allen
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | - Kyle J Brymer
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Hector J Caruncho
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Lisa E Kalynchuk
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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10
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Ducasse D, Loas G, Dassa D, Gramaglia C, Zeppegno P, Guillaume S, Olié E, Courtet P. Anhedonia is associated with suicidal ideation independently of depression: A meta-analysis. Depress Anxiety 2018; 35:382-392. [PMID: 29232491 DOI: 10.1002/da.22709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anhedonia is considered a suicide risk factor in patients with major affective disorders. Here, we wanted to quantify the association between anhedonia and current suicidal ideation according to the absence/presence of between-group differences for depressive scores and psychiatric disorders. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of data on studies retrieved from Medline, Web of Science, and PsycINFO from 1965 to 2016 using, among others, the terms (suicid* or depression) and anhedonia. RESULTS We identified 15 observational case-control studies that investigated the anhedonia differences in individuals with and without current (i.e., within the past week, independently of the lifetime suicidality status) suicidal ideation (defined as thoughts of killing oneself). Overall, 657 subjects with and 6,690 subjects without current suicidal ideation could be compared. Anhedonia level was higher in the group with current suicidal ideation than in the group without, with a medium effect size (standardized mean difference = 0.57, z = 5.43, P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval, CI = 0.37-0.79). The association between anhedonia and current suicidal ideation remained significant when controlling for depression and psychiatric disorders. The anhedonia scales used in the selected studies did not allow investigating consummatory and motivational anhedonia separately. CONCLUSION Our major finding is the robust association between anhedonia and current suicidal ideation, independently of depression. This is highly relevant for the clinicians' daily practice and might help improving suicidal risk detection and the development of new therapeutic strategies for suicide prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Déborah Ducasse
- Department of Psychiatric Emergency & Acute Crisis, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France.,Fondamental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Gwenolé Loas
- Department of Psychiatry & Laboratory of Psychiatric Research (ULB 266), Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Déborah Dassa
- Department of Psychiatric Emergency & Acute Crisis, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Carla Gramaglia
- Psychiatry Institute, Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Novara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zeppegno
- Psychiatry Institute, Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Novara, Italy.,SCDU Psichiatria, AOU Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Novara, Italy
| | - Sébastien Guillaume
- Department of Psychiatric Emergency & Acute Crisis, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France.,Fondamental Foundation, Créteil, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Emilie Olié
- Department of Psychiatric Emergency & Acute Crisis, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France.,Fondamental Foundation, Créteil, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Department of Psychiatric Emergency & Acute Crisis, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France.,Fondamental Foundation, Créteil, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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11
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Romay-Tallon R, Rivera-Baltanas T, Allen J, Olivares JM, Kalynchuk LE, Caruncho HJ. Comparative study of two protocols for quantitative image-analysis of serotonin transporter clustering in lymphocytes, a putative biomarker of therapeutic efficacy in major depression. Biomark Res 2017; 5:27. [PMID: 29018523 PMCID: PMC5610465 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-017-0107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pattern of serotonin transporter clustering on the plasma membrane of lymphocytes extracted from human whole blood samples has been identified as a putative biomarker of therapeutic efficacy in major depression. Here we evaluated the possibility of performing a similar analysis using blood smears obtained from rats, and from control human subjects and depression patients. We hypothesized that we could optimize a protocol to make the analysis of serotonin protein clustering in blood smears comparable to the analysis of serotonin protein clustering using isolated lymphocytes. RESULTS Our data indicate that blood smears require a longer fixation time and longer times of incubation with primary and secondary antibodies. In addition, one needs to optimize the image analysis settings for the analysis of smears. When these steps are followed, the quantitative analysis of both the number and size of serotonin transporter clusters on the plasma membrane of lymphocytes is similar using both blood smears and isolated lymphocytes. CONCLUSIONS The development of this novel protocol will greatly facilitate the collection of appropriate samples by eliminating the necessity and cost of specialized personnel for drawing blood samples, and by being a less invasive procedure. Therefore, this protocol will help us advance the validation of membrane protein clustering in lymphocytes as a biomarker of therapeutic efficacy in major depression, and bring it closer to its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Romay-Tallon
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5 Canada.,Neuroscience Cluster, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | - Josh Allen
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5 Canada
| | - Jose M Olivares
- Department of Psychiatry, Alvaro Cunqueiro Hospital, Vigo, Galicia Spain
| | - Lisa E Kalynchuk
- Neuroscience Cluster, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.,College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Hector J Caruncho
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5 Canada.,Neuroscience Cluster, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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12
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Caruncho HJ, Brymer K, Romay-Tallón R, Mitchell MA, Rivera-Baltanás T, Botterill J, Olivares JM, Kalynchuk LE. Reelin-Related Disturbances in Depression: Implications for Translational Studies. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:48. [PMID: 26941609 PMCID: PMC4766281 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The finding that reelin expression is significantly decreased in mood and psychotic disorders, together with evidence that reelin can regulate key aspects of hippocampal plasticity in the adult brain, brought our research group and others to study the possible role of reelin in the pathogenesis of depression. This review describes recent progress on this topic using an animal model of depression that makes use of repeated corticosterone (CORT) injections. This methodology produces depression-like symptoms in both rats and mice that are reversed by antidepressant treatment. We have reported that CORT causes a decrease in the number of reelin-immunopositive cells in the dentate gyrus subgranular zone (SGZ), where adult hippocampal neurogenesis takes place; that down-regulation of the number of reelin-positive cells closely parallels the development of a depression-like phenotype during repeated CORT treatment; that reelin downregulation alters the co-expression of reelin with neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS); that deficits in reelin might also create imbalances in glutamatergic and GABAergic circuits within the hippocampus and other limbic structures; and that co-treatment with antidepressant drugs prevents both reelin deficits and the development of a depression-like phenotype. We also observed alterations in the pattern of membrane protein clustering in peripheral lymphocytes in animals with low levels of reelin. Importantly, we found parallel changes in membrane protein clustering in depression patients, which differentiated two subpopulations of naïve depression patients that showed a different therapeutic response to antidepressant treatment. Here, we review these findings and develop the hypothesis that restoring reelin-related function could represent a novel approach for antidepressant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector J Caruncho
- Neuroscience Cluster, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kyle Brymer
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | - Milann A Mitchell
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Tania Rivera-Baltanás
- Department of Psychiatry, Alvaro Cunqueiro Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Vigo Galicia, Spain
| | - Justin Botterill
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Jose M Olivares
- Department of Psychiatry, Alvaro Cunqueiro Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Vigo Galicia, Spain
| | - Lisa E Kalynchuk
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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