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Matison AP, Flood VM, Lam BCP, Lipnicki DM, Tucker KL, Preux PM, Guerchet M, d'Orsi E, Quialheiro A, Rech CR, Skoog I, Najar J, Rydberg Sterner T, Scarmeas N, Kosmidis MH, Yannakoulia M, Gureje O, Ojagbemi A, Bello T, Shahar S, Fakhruddin NNINM, Rivan NFM, Anstey KJ, Cherbuin N, Mortby ME, Ho R, Brodaty H, Sachdev PS, Reppermund S, Mather KA. Associations between fruit and vegetable intakes and incident depression in middle-aged and older adults from 10 diverse international longitudinal cohorts. J Affect Disord 2024; 359:373-381. [PMID: 38788860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging observational evidence supports a role for higher fruit and vegetable intake in protecting against the development of depression. However, there is a scarcity of research in older adults or in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS Participants were 7801 community-based adults (mean age 68.6 ± 8.0 years, 55.8 % female) without depression, from 10 diverse cohorts, including four cohorts from LMICs. Fruit and vegetable intake was self-reported via comprehensive food frequency questionnaire, short food questionnaire or diet history. Depressive symptoms were assessed using validated measures, and depression defined applying validated cut-offs. The associations between baseline fruit and vegetable intakes and incident depression over a follow-up period of three to nine years were examined using Cox regression. Analyses were performed by cohort with results meta-analysed. RESULTS There were 1630 cases of incident depression (21 % of participants) over 40,258 person-years of follow-up. Higher intake of fruit was associated with a lower risk of incident depression (HR 0.87, 95%CI [0.77, 0.99], I2 = 4 %). No association was found between vegetable intake and incident depression (HR 0.93, 95%CI [0.84, 1.04], I2 = 0 %). LIMITATIONS Diverse measures used across the different cohorts and the modest sample size of our study compared with prior studies may have prevented an association being detected for vegetable intake. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports a role for fruit, but not vegetable intake in protecting against depression. Research investigating different types of fruits and vegetables using standardised measures in larger cohorts of older adults from low- and middle-income countries is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel P Matison
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Victoria M Flood
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, Australia; University Centre for Rural Health, Northern Rivers, Lismore, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ben C P Lam
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Darren M Lipnicki
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical & Nutritional Sciences, Center for Population Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, USA
| | - Pierre-Marie Preux
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France
| | - Maëlenn Guerchet
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France
| | - Eleonora d'Orsi
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Trindade University Campus, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Anna Quialheiro
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Trindade University Campus, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; IA&Saúde - The Artificial Intelligence and Health Research Unit, Instituto Politécnico de Saúde do Norte, CESPU, Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal
| | - Cassiano R Rech
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Program in Postgraduate Physical Education, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ingmar Skoog
- Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenna Najar
- Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Human Genetics, Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging at the Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Therese Rydberg Sterner
- Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary H Kosmidis
- Lab of Neuropsychology & Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Oye Gureje
- University of Ibadan, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health, Neurosciences and Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Akin Ojagbemi
- University of Ibadan, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health, Neurosciences and Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Toyin Bello
- University of Ibadan, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health, Neurosciences and Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Suzana Shahar
- Center for Healthy Ageing & Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nik N I N M Fakhruddin
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul F M Rivan
- Center for Healthy Ageing & Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kaarin J Anstey
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Moyra E Mortby
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roger Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simone Reppermund
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry (3DN), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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de Sousa TM, Caldeira TCM, Ramos IEC, Canella DS, Claro RM. Association between depression and ultra-processed food consumption: a population-based study (Vigitel, 2023). Public Health 2024; 234:187-190. [PMID: 39029268 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption with depression among Brazilian adults (≥18 years). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Data were obtained from a population-based survey conducted in 2023 (n = 21,690). UPF consumption was investigated using a questionnaire regarding the consumption on the previous day of 13 subgroups of UPF selected from those most consumed in Brazil according to a previous national survey (cutoff score ≥5 subgroups). The medical diagnosis of depression was self-reported. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the adjusted (by sex, age, education, presence of partner/spouse, and overweight) Odds Ratio (aOR) of UPF consumption according to the presence of depression. Analyses were conducted for the total population and stratified by sex. RESULTS Medical diagnosis of depression was reported by 12.3%. The prevalence of high UPF consumption (≥5 subgroups) was 17.7%, being higher in men (22.0%) and those with depression (19.3%). Depression increased the chance of presenting a high UPF consumption among the total population (aOR 1.35; CI 95% 1.08-1.68) and women (aOR 1.35; CI 95% 1.03-1.77), with no association among men. CONCLUSION The presence of depression was associated with greater consumption of UPF among Brazilian adults, especially among the female population. Public health actions to reduce UPF consumption could benefit from targeting this population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M de Sousa
- Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - T C M Caldeira
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - I E C Ramos
- Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D S Canella
- Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R M Claro
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Lin PY, Tseng P, Liang WM, Lin WY, Cheng YP, Kuo HW. The mediating effect of health behaviors on the association between job strain and mental health outcome: a national survey of police officers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10015. [PMID: 38693176 PMCID: PMC11063152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60746-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Police officers often face emotionally challenging interpersonal situations and numerous studies have demonstrated that policing is a stressful occupation. A study revealed a significant positive correlation between emotional demands among police officers and emotional dissonance, as well as burnout. Health-promoting behaviors can contribute to better overall health outcomes and reduce the risk of developing health problems, but there is limited research evaluating the association of job strain and health behaviors with mental health outcomes in police officers. The objective of this study was to assess the job strain associated with mental health mediated by health behaviors in Taiwanese police officers. This was a cross-sectional quantitative study conducted in Oct 2016. A total of 41,871 police officers (response rate was 79.7%) participated questionnaire that consisted of demographic information, job characteristics, health behaviors, and mental component summary (MCS) scores of the Short-Form Health Survey. Independent t-tests and one-way analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA) were conducted to assess the differences in mean MCS scores across various demographics, health behavior, and job characteristics. Multivariate regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between job strain and health behaviors with mental health outcomes. MCS scores were associated with job characteristics and health behaviors among police officers except for gender. After adjusting for covariates, multivariate analysis indicated that police officers with high job demands and high job strain index exhibited poor MCS scores. Job strain was significantly associated with MCS mediated by health behaviors (consumption of fruits and vegetables, and physical activity) in Taiwanese police officers. Since regular physical activity and increased vegetable and fruit consumption might alleviate the effects of job strain on mental health status, it is recommended that institutional policies be established to promote health-enhancing behaviors among police officers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Yi Lin
- Department of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pochang Tseng
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chao Tung University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan (ROC)
- Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Miin Liang
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Lin
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chao Tung University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan (ROC)
- Resource Circulation Administration, Ministry of Environment, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Po Cheng
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Medical Foundation Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Wen Kuo
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chao Tung University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan (ROC).
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Ma S, Zhu J, Xie S, Chen R, Li X, Wei W. Suboptimal dietary quality is associated with mental symptoms among adults aged 40 years and over in China: A population-based cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2023; 340:802-811. [PMID: 37597777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The previous studies an association between dietary patterns and psychiatric symptoms. However, few studies have examined the association of quality of dietary patterns and anxiety, depressive symptoms in the Chinese population. METHODS Between 2017 and 2019, a population-based, cross-sectional survey was carried out in China. Uniformed questionnaires collected the demographic characteristics and food data. The dietary quality of the adults was evaluated using the revised Diet Balance Index 2016 (DBI-16). We measured anxiety and depression symptoms using the the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9. RESULTS A total of 73,737 participants were recruited during the survey period. 17.6 % and 13.7 % of residents suffer from anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively. The DBI-16 indicates that participants with anxiety or depression symptoms had higher scores of low bound score (LBS, refers to inadequate food intake) and dietary quality distance (DQD, refers to unbalanced food intake) than those without anxiety or depression. The logistic regression models showed that high levels of LBS and DQD problems were more strongly associated with anxiety (LBS:OR = 1.20, DQD:OR = 1.30) and depressive symptoms (LBS:OR = 1.21, DQD:OR = 1.44). On the contrary, higher bound score (HBS, refers to excessive food intake) was significantly negatively correlated with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Moreover, each increase in the food group was associated with 4 % lower odds of anxiety and 6 % lower odds of depression symptoms. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional design and self-reporting of psychological symptoms and dietary information limit the generalizability of the results. CONCLUSION The dietary quality of adults aged 40 years and over in China is suboptimal, with excessive and inadequate food intake simultaneously. Dietary imbalance, and low dietary diversity may be related to anxiety and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanrui Ma
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Juan Zhu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shuanghua Xie
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ru Chen
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xinqing Li
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Wenqiang Wei
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Sousa TMD, Caldeira TCM, Soares MM, Claro RM. Health characteristics and behaviors associated with self-reported depression among Brazilian reproductive-aged women: Data from a population-based survey (2020-2021). J Psychiatr Res 2023; 165:28-33. [PMID: 37453213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the health characteristics and behaviors associated with depression in a large probabilistic sample of Brazilian reproductive-aged women. A total of 11,698 non-pregnant women aged 18-49 years old from the 26 Brazilian capitals and Federal District were interviewed by landline between 2020 and 2021. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the Odds Ratio (OR) of health characteristics and behaviors (smoking, alcohol abuse, physical activity, regular intake of fruits and vegetables, overweight, obesity and poor self-rated health) according to the presence of depression and drug treatment for depression. Medical diagnosis of depression, and other health characteristics and behaviors were self-reported. Analyses were adjusted by age, race/skin color, education, and marital status. Prevalence of self-reported depression was 13.3% and drug treatment for depression was reported by 5.3% of the total studied population. The presence of self-reported depression was associated with smoking (adjusted OR - aOR 2.15; CI95%:1.44-3.20), regular intake of fruits and vegetables (aOR 0.75; CI95%:0.59-0.95), overweight (aOR 1.38; CI95%:1.10-1.71), obesity (aOR 1.34; CI95%:1.04-1.71) and poor self-rated health (aOR 4.34; CI95%:3.04-6.21). Drug treatment for depression was associated with smoking (aOR 2.29; CI95%:1.33-3.95), overweight (aOR 1.65; CI95%:1.18-2.30) and poor self-rated health (aOR 4.20; CI95%:2.59-6.83). Self-reported depression and drug treatment for depression were associated with unfavorable health characteristics and behaviors among reproductive-aged women in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taciana Maia de Sousa
- Nutrition Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - Marcela Mello Soares
- Public Health Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Moreira Claro
- Nutrition Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Winiarska-Mieczan A, Kwiecień M, Jachimowicz-Rogowska K, Donaldson J, Tomaszewska E, Baranowska-Wójcik E. Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Neuroprotective Effects of Polyphenols-Polyphenols as an Element of Diet Therapy in Depressive Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032258. [PMID: 36768580 PMCID: PMC9916817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Depressive disorders can affect up to 350 million people worldwide, and in developed countries, the percentage of patients with depressive disorders may be as high as 10%. During depression, activation of pro-inflammatory pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased markers of oxidative stress, and a reduction in the antioxidant effectiveness of the body are observed. It is estimated that approximately 30% of depressed patients do not respond to traditional pharmacological treatments. However, more and more attention is being paid to the influence of active ingredients in food on the course and risk of neurological disorders, including depression. The possibility of using foods containing polyphenols as an element of diet therapy in depression was analyzed in the review. The possibility of whether the consumption of products such as polyphenols could alleviate the course of depression or prevent the progression of it was also considered. Results from preclinical studies demonstrate the potential of phenolic compounds have the potential to reduce depressive behaviors by regulating factors related to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and modulation of the intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Winiarska-Mieczan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-445-67-44
| | - Małgorzata Kwiecień
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Karolina Jachimowicz-Rogowska
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Janine Donaldson
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Ewa Tomaszewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 12, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Baranowska-Wójcik
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna St. 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
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Wang Y, Liu J, Compher C, Kral TV. Associations between dietary intake, diet quality and depressive symptoms in youth: A systematic review of observational studies. Health Promot Perspect 2022; 12:249-265. [PMID: 36686054 PMCID: PMC9808911 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2022.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression is the third leading cause of worldwide disease burden among youth, and nutrition- and diet-related behaviors have been considered as an effective strategy for reducing the risk of depressive symptoms. This systematic review aims to examine associations between dietary intake and diet quality with depressive symptoms among youth. Methods: In this systematic review, a search of scientific articles published between 2000 and 2021 was performed in four databases (CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo, and PubMed) according to the PRISMA checklist. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, observational studies that focused on associations between micronutrient, macronutrient, food group intake, and diet quality and depressive symptoms among youth, ages 3 to 18, were selected for review. Results: Thirty-two articles met the review criteria. Dietary intake of magnesium, vitamin B12, fiber, fruits, vegetables, and fish were consistently inversely related to depressive symptoms. However, the evidence of associations between intake of vitamins B6, C, D, and E, iron, copper, zinc, omega-3 fatty acids, carbohydrate, and dietary fat and depressive symptoms was mixed. Dietary effects on decreased depressive symptoms were more pronounced in children than adolescents. Additionally, most studies failed to adjust for potential confounding variables. Conclusion: This review provides preliminary and comprehensive evidence for a relationship between dietary intake, diet quality, and depressive symptoms in youth. Although the results are heterogeneous and more research is needed, our findings indicate the importance of nutrition interventions for youth for decreasing depressive symptoms or for preventing further symptom exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Wang
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Corresponding Author: Yiqi Wang,
| | - Jianghong Liu
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Charlene Compher
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tanja V.E. Kral
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Dharmayani PNA, Mishra GD, Mihrshahi S. Fruit and vegetable consumption and depression symptoms in young women: results from 1973 to 1978 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:4167-4178. [PMID: 35864339 PMCID: PMC9596510 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02926-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Growing evidence suggests that specific food groups may play an important role in improving mental health. However, very few studies explored the association between individual dietary factors and depression symptoms by following a large cohort of individuals over a long period. We examined the differential effects of fruit and vegetables in relation to depression symptoms over a 15-year follow-up period in the 1973-78 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. METHODS Fruit and vegetable consumption was assessed using short questions. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression-10 scale with a cut off ≥ 10 indicated depressive symptoms. Multiple imputations with generalised estimating equations models were performed to estimate odds ratio of depression symptoms according to fruit and vegetable consumption. RESULTS A total of 4241 participants with a mean age of 27.6 (SD 1.45) years at baseline were followed up at five surveys (2003-2018). Fruit and vegetable intake (≥ 2 servings) was cross-sectionally associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms. In longitudinal analysis, a higher intake of fruit (≥ 4 servings) and vegetable (≥ 5 servings) was consistently associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms, with a 25% lower odds (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.57, 0.97; p = 0.031) and a 19% lower odds (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.70, 0.94; p = 0.007) than consuming one serve or less fruit and vegetable, respectively. CONCLUSION These results suggest that a higher intake of fruit and vegetables was associated with a lower risk of depression symptoms over 15 years from a population-based prospective study of Australian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putu Novi Arfirsta Dharmayani
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Gita D Mishra
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Seema Mihrshahi
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
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Radavelli-Bagatini S, Sim M, Blekkenhorst LC, Bondonno NP, Bondonno CP, Woodman R, Dickson JM, Harms C, Magliano DJ, Shaw JE, Daly RM, Hodgson JM, Lewis JR. Higher Consumption of Fruit and Vegetables Is Associated With Lower Worries, Tension and Lack of Joy Across the Lifespan. Front Nutr 2022; 9:837066. [PMID: 35586735 PMCID: PMC9108498 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.837066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Higher total fruit and vegetable (FV) intakes have been associated with lower perceived stress. However, the relationship of FV intake with domains of perceived stress is unclear. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the relationship between consumption of FV and four perceived stress domains (worries, tension, lack of joy and demands) in a population-based cohort of Australian adults. Methods Participants (n = 8,640) were men and women aged ≥25 years from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) Study. Dietary intake was assessed using a 74-item validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Perceived stress domains were determined using a validated 20-item version of the Perceived Stress Questionnaire, with higher scores representing higher perceived stress. Cut-offs for high perceived stress domains were obtained from the highest quartiles of each domain for each sex. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was performed to investigate cross-sectional associations. Results The mean age of participants (50.1% females) was 47.8 (SD 15) years. Those with higher intakes of FV, combined and separately, had a significantly lower odds (16–36%) for higher worries, tension and lack of joy, independent of other lifestyle factors. Conclusion In Australian adults, higher consumption of FV was associated with lower odds of worries, tension and lack of joy. Following the dietary guidelines for the recommended intake of FV may help improve feelings of worries, tension and lack of joy, which are linked to mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Radavelli-Bagatini
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Simone Radavelli-Bagatini
| | - Marc Sim
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lauren C. Blekkenhorst
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Nicola P. Bondonno
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Danish Cancer Society Research Centre (DCRC), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Catherine P. Bondonno
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Richard Woodman
- Flinders Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Joanne M. Dickson
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Arts and Humanities (Psychology), Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Craig Harms
- School of Arts and Humanities, Psychology and Criminology, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dianna J. Magliano
- Diabetes and Population Health, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Diabetes and Epidemiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan E. Shaw
- Diabetes and Population Health, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robin M. Daly
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan M. Hodgson
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Joshua R. Lewis
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, Children's Hospital at Westmead, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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10
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Gong Q, Momma H, Cui Y, Huang C, Niu K, Nagatomi R. Associations Between Consumption of Different Vegetable Types and Depressive Symptoms in Japanese Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthc Policy 2022; 15:1073-1085. [PMID: 35611327 PMCID: PMC9124467 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s350935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Vegetable intake is an important part of our everyday diet and is associated with many positive health outcomes. Although previous studies have investigated the association between vegetable consumption and depressive symptoms among various populations, no study has examined this association in the adult working population. The present study investigated whether the frequency of consumption of a specific type of vegetable is associated with the prevalence of depressive symptoms in Japanese adult workers. Participants and Methods The final participants consisted of 1724 Japanese adults, and a cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the results. The frequency of vegetable consumption and depressive symptoms was evaluated using a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), respectively. The association between the variables was examined using Poisson regression analysis. Age-stratified analysis was performed, and SDS cut-off values of 45 and 50 were used to perform a sensitivity analysis. Results After adjustment for covariates, including age, body mass index, sociodemographic and lifestyle-related variables, health condition, C-reactive protein, and other dietary variables, an inverse association was found between tomato product consumption and the prevalence of depressive symptoms among men (P for trend <0.01); however, no significant association was found for other vegetable types. For women, there was no association between the frequency of consumption of any of the vegetable types and the prevalence of depressive symptoms. The results were confirmed by the age-stratified analysis for both genders. Conclusion Consumption of tomato products may help alleviate depressive symptoms, regardless of differences in dietary culture among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Gong
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Haruki Momma
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yufei Cui
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Institute of Exercise Epidemiology and Department of Physical Education, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cong Huang
- Department of Physical Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
- Correspondence: Ryoichi Nagatomi, Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan, Tel/Fax + 81-22-717-8586, Email
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11
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Radavelli-Bagatini S, Sim M, Blekkenhorst LC, Bondonno NP, Bondonno CP, Woodman R, Dickson JM, Magliano DJ, Shaw JE, Daly RM, Hodgson JM, Lewis JR. Associations of specific types of fruit and vegetables with perceived stress in adults: the AusDiab study. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:2929-2938. [PMID: 35307760 PMCID: PMC9363314 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02848-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Higher total fruit and vegetable (FV) intakes have been associated with lower perceived stress. The relationship between specific types of FV and perceived stress remains uncertain. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to explore the relationship between consumption of specific types of FV with perceived stress in a population-based cohort of men and women aged ≥ 25 years from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) Study.
Methods
Dietary intake was assessed using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (n = 8,640). Perceived stress was evaluated using a validated Perceived Stress Questionnaire, with values ranging 0–1 (lowest to highest). High perceived stress cut-offs of ≥0.34 for men and ≥0.39 for women were obtained from the highest quartile of the perceived stress score for each sex. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was performed to investigate the associations.
Results
The mean age of participants (50.1% females) was 47.8 (SD 15) years. Persons in the highest, versus lowest, quartiles of apples and pears, orange and other citrus, and banana intakes had a significantly lower odds (24–31%) of having high perceived stress. Similarly, persons with higher intakes of cruciferous, yellow/orange/red, and legume vegetables had significantly lower odds (25–27%) of having high perceived stress.
Conclusion
In Australian adults, a higher consumption of apples and pears, oranges and other citrus, and bananas, as well as cruciferous, yellow/orange/red, and legume vegetables were associated with lower odds of having high perceived stress. The recommendations of “eating a rainbow” of colours may assist in preventing and/or reducing perceived stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Radavelli-Bagatini
- Institute for Nutrition Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Marc Sim
- Institute for Nutrition Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lauren C Blekkenhorst
- Institute for Nutrition Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Nicola P Bondonno
- Institute for Nutrition Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Catherine P Bondonno
- Institute for Nutrition Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Richard Woodman
- Flinders Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Joanne M Dickson
- Institute for Nutrition Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Arts and Humanities (Psychology), Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dianna J Magliano
- Diabetes and Population Health, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan E Shaw
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Diabetes and Epidemiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- Institute for Nutrition Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- Institute for Nutrition Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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12
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Kakutani N, Yokota T, Fukushima A, Obata Y, Ono T, Sota T, Kinugasa Y, Takahashi M, Matsuo H, Matsukawa R, Yoshida I, Kakinoki S, Yonezawa K, Himura Y, Yokota I, Yamamoto K, Tsuchihashi-Makaya M, Kinugawa S. Impact of citrus fruit intake on the mental health of patients with chronic heart failure. J Cardiol 2021; 79:719-726. [PMID: 34955372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The full impact of the intake of citrus fruits on the risk of depression in individuals with chronic heart failure (HF) is unknown. Here, we examined the associations between the estimated habitual intakes of citrus fruits and depressive symptoms in patients with chronic HF. METHODS We enrolled 150 stable outpatients with chronic HF who had a history of worsening HF. To assess the patients' daily dietary patterns, we used a brief self-administered diet-history questionnaire to calculate the daily consumption of foods and nutrients. To assess the patients' mental state, we used a nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). RESULTS Twelve patients (8%) were identified as having moderate-to-severe depression (PHQ-9 score ≥10). The patients with PHQ-9 ≥10 had lower daily intakes of citrus fruits compared to those with no or mild depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 <10). The daily intakes of various antioxidants, including vitamin C, β-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin, all of which are abundant in citrus fruits, were reduced in the patients with PHQ-9 ≥10, accompanied by higher serum levels of 8-isoprostane (an oxidative stress marker). A multivariate logistic regression analysis using forward selection showed that a lowered daily intake of citrus fruits was an independent predictor of the comorbidity of moderate-to-severe depression in patients with chronic HF, after adjustment for age, gender, and the hemoglobin value. CONCLUSIONS A lower daily consumption of citrus fruits was associated with higher prevalence of depression in patients with chronic HF. Our findings support the hypothesis that a daily consumption of citrus fruits has a beneficial effect on the prevention and treatment of depression in chronic HF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kakutani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokota
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita-14 Nishi-5, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan.
| | - Arata Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshikuni Obata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Taisuke Ono
- Department of Cardiology, Kitami Red Cross Hospital, Kitami, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sota
- Division of Rehabilitation, Tottori University Hospital, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Kinugasa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | | | - Hisashi Matsuo
- Department of Cardiology, Keiwakai Ebetsu Hospital, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Matsukawa
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Aortic Center, Saiseikai Fukuoka General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yoshida
- Department of Cardiology, Obihiro Kyokai Hospital, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Shigeo Kakinoki
- Department of Cardiology, Otaru Kyokai Hospital, Otaru, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yonezawa
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Hakodate National Hospital, Hakodate, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Himura
- Department of Cardiology, Hikone Municipal Hospital, Hikone, Japan
| | - Isao Yokota
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | | | - Shintaro Kinugawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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13
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Ainamani HE, Bamwerinde WM, Rukundo GZ, Tumwesigire S, Mfitumukiza V, Bikaitwoha EM, Tsai AC. Fruit and vegetable intake and mental health among family caregivers of people with dementia in Uganda. MENTAL HEALTH & PREVENTION 2021; 24:None. [PMID: 34900574 PMCID: PMC8641063 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2021.200223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of fruits and vegetables is correlated with improved mental wellbeing. Although this growing body of research has been recognized by researchers and clinicians in high-income countries, fewer studies examining this relationship have been conducted in low- and middle-income settings. In this study, we sought to estimate the association between fruit and vegetable intake and symptoms of depression and anxiety. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 242 family caregivers of people with dementia in southwestern Uganda. Fruit and vegetable intake in the past week was measured with a food frequency questionnaire. Depression and anxiety were assessed using the depression and anxiety subscales of the 42-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales. Multivariable regression models were used to estimate the associations between fruits and vegetable consumption and depression and anxiety, adjusting for caregiving burden and other potential confounders. Depression symptom severity was negatively associated with consumption of jackfruits (b =-4.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], -8.96 to -0.39), green leafy vegetables (b =-14.1; 95% CI, -18.0 to -10.1), root vegetables (b =-14.0; 95% CI, -19.5 to -8.63), and other vegetables (b =-14.8; 95% CI, -19.3 to -10.3), and frequent consumption of vegetables (b =-1.91; 95% CI, -3.77 to -0.04). Anxiety symptom severity was negatively associated with consumption of green leafy vegetables (b =-12.2; 95% CI, -16.0 to -8.46), root vegetables (b=-12.6; 95% CI, -17.5 to -7.58), and other vegetables (b =-12.7; 95% CI, -17.0 to -8.40), and frequent consumption of vegetables (b =-2.07; 95% CI, -3.84 to -0.29). Our results suggest that fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with reduced depression and anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert E Ainamani
- Department of Mental Health, Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda, P. O. Box 317
| | - Wilson M Bamwerinde
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources Kabale University, Kabale, Uganda
| | - Godfrey Z Rukundo
- Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Sam Tumwesigire
- Department of Pediatrics, Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda
| | | | - Everd M Bikaitwoha
- Department of Pediatrics, Kabale University School of Medicine, Kabale, Uganda
| | - Alexander C Tsai
- Center for Global Health and Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
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14
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Lee J, Allen J. Gender Differences in Healthy and Unhealthy Food Consumption and Its Relationship with Depression in Young Adulthood. Community Ment Health J 2021; 57:898-909. [PMID: 32602082 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-020-00672-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study explores the relationship between the consumption of healthy and unhealthy foods and depression among young adults and the moderating effect of gender on these relationships. The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 for Children and Young Adults (NLSY79 CY) was used. A total of 2983 young adults were selected for the final sample. Logistic Regression Analysis and Ordinary Linear Regression were conducted to examine the research questions. Young men were overall more likely than young women to engage in negative eating habits. The consumption of healthy foods, which included fruits and vegetables, had a significant inverse relationship with depression. An interaction effect was found, indicating that gender moderated the relationship between fruit consumption and depression among young adults. Young males need to be taught more about the importance of good eating habits. Eating more fruits and vegetables (healthy foods) is more important than avoiding fast food or soft drinks (unhealthy foods) for young adults' mental health. The gender differences in the effect of fruit consumption implies that increased fruit consumption may be critical to reduce young females' depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Lee
- Department of Social Welfare, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jennifer Allen
- School of Social Work, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
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15
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Sun J, Li Z, Li Y, Zhang D. Intakes of Specific Categories of Vegetables and Fruits Are Inversely Associated With Depressive Symptoms Among Adults. J Epidemiol 2020; 31:210-219. [PMID: 32281554 PMCID: PMC7878715 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence on the relationships between intakes of different categories of vegetables and fruits and depressive symptoms is very limited and inconsistent, especially with no evidence from the general population. This study aimed to estimate their relationships among a large general population. METHODS The cross-sectional design was based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2014) and included 16,925 adults. Dietary information was attained from two nonconsecutive 24-hr dietary recalls. Patient Health Questionnaire was applied for measuring depressive symptoms. The associations between vegetables and fruits intakes and depressive symptoms were appraised utilizing logistic regression and restricted cubic spline. RESULTS Compared with the lowest category of intake, the most-adjusted odds ratios of depressive symptoms for the highest intake category of tomatoes and tomato mixtures were 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-0.99), and 0.64 (95% CI, 0.48-0.85) for dark-green vegetables, 0.67 (95% CI, 0.53-0.84) for other vegetables, 0.48 (95% CI, 0.29-0.79) for berries, 0.67 (95% CI, 0.55-0.82) for total vegetables, and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.57-0.86) for total fruits, and for the medium categories of bananas and dried fruits were 0.62 (95% CI, 0.41-0.95) and 0.39 (95% CI, 0.19-0.81), respectively. After sensitivity analysis further excluding subjects with co-morbid health conditions, these findings remained significant, except for bananas. An L-shaped relationship was observed between depressive symptoms and intake of total vegetables, while the association was linear with total fruits intake. CONCLUSIONS Intakes of tomatoes and tomato mixtures, dark-green vegetables, other vegetables, berries, dried fruits, total vegetables, and total fruits were inversely related to depressive symptoms among adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University
| | - Zhaoying Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University
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16
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Ji T, Li X, Meng G, Gu Y, Zhang Q, Liu L, Wu H, Yao Z, Zhang S, Wang Y, Zhang T, Wang X, Cao X, Li H, Liu Y, Wang X, Wang X, Sun S, Zhou M, Jia Q, Song K, Sun Z, Wu XH, Niu K. The association between banana consumption and the depressive symptoms in Chinese general adult population: A cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2020; 264:1-6. [PMID: 31846806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Banana contains many kinds of substances that are beneficial to depressive symptoms. However, there are no epidemiological researches directly to explore the association between banana consumption and depressive symptoms. This study aimed to investigate whether the banana consumption is related to depressive symptoms in a general adult population. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed in 24,673 adults in Tianjin. Banana consumption was evaluated via a validated food frequency questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were assessed by using Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). The association between banana consumption and depressive symptoms was analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 16.1% in males and 18.4% in females (SDS ≥ 45), respectively. In males, comparing to the reference group (almost never), the multivariable adjusted odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals) of depressive symptoms across banana consumption were 0.86 (0.74, 0.99) for <1 time/week, 0.76 (0.66, 0.88) for 1-3 times/week and 0.97 (0.82, 1.16) for ≥4 times/week. By contrast, the multivariable adjusted ORs (95% confidence intervals) were 1.11 (0.94, 1.32) for <1 time/week, 0.99 (0.85, 1.16) for 1-3 times/week and 1.22 (1.02, 1.46) for ≥4 times/week in females. Similar association was observed when other cut-offs (SDS ≥ 48 and 50) were used to define depressive symptoms. LIMITATION This is a cross-sectional study, causality remains unknown. CONCLUSION Findings from this study suggested a negative association between moderate banana consumption and depressive symptoms in males. In females, high banana consumption is positively related to depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Ji
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiaoyue Li
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ge Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yeqing Gu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhanxin Yao
- Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shunming Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yawen Wang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Tingjing Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xuena Wang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xingqi Cao
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Huiping Li
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yunyun Liu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiaohe Wang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaomei Sun
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Song
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhong Sun
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
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17
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Głąbska D, Guzek D, Groele B, Gutkowska K. Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Mental Health in Adults: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E115. [PMID: 31906271 PMCID: PMC7019743 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of a properly balanced diet in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders has been suggested, while vegetables and fruits have a high content of nutrients that may be of importance in the case of depressive disorders. The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic review of the observational studies analyzing association between fruit and vegetable intake and mental health in adults. The search adhered to the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and the review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (CRD42019138148). A search for peer-reviewed observational studies published until June 2019 was performed in PubMed and Web of Science databases, followed by an additional manual search for publications conducted via analyzing the references of the found studies. With respect to the intake of fruit and/or vegetable, studies that assessed the intake of fruits and/or vegetables, or their processed products (e.g., juices), as a measure expressed in grams or as the number of portions were included. Those studies that assessed the general dietary patterns were not included in the present analysis. With respect to mental health, studies that assessed all the aspects of mental health in both healthy participants and subjects with physical health problems were included, but those conducted in groups of patients with intellectual disabilities, dementia, and eating disorders were excluded. To assess bias, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was applied. A total of 5911 studies were independently extracted by 2 researchers and verified if they met the inclusion criteria using a 2-stage procedure (based on the title, based on the abstract). After reviewing the full text, a total of 61 studies were selected. A narrative synthesis of the findings from the included studies was performed, which was structured around the type of outcome. The studies included mainly focused on depression and depressive symptoms, but also other characteristics ranging from general and mental well-being, quality of life, sleep quality, life satisfaction, flourishing, mood, self-efficacy, curiosity, creativity, optimism, self-esteem, stress, nervousness, or happiness, to anxiety, minor psychiatric disorders, distress, or attempted suicide, were analyzed. The most prominent results indicated that high total intake of fruits and vegetables, and some of their specific subgroups including berries, citrus, and green leafy vegetables, may promote higher levels of optimism and self-efficacy, as well as reduce the level of psychological distress, ambiguity, and cancer fatalism, and protect against depressive symptoms. However, it must be indicated that the studies included were conducted using various methodologies and in different populations, so their results were not always sufficiently comparable, which is a limitation. Taken together, it can be concluded that fruits and/or vegetables, and some of their specific subgroups, as well as processed fruits and vegetables, seems to have a positive influence on mental health, as stated in the vast majority of the included studies. Therefore, the general recommendation to consume at least 5 portions of fruit and vegetables a day may be beneficial also for mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Głąbska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Dominika Guzek
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (D.G.); (K.G.)
| | - Barbara Groele
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Krystyna Gutkowska
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (D.G.); (K.G.)
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Cheng HY, Shi YX, Yu FN, Zhao HZ, Zhang JH, Song M. Association between vegetables and fruits consumption and depressive symptoms in a middle-aged Chinese population: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15374. [PMID: 31045783 PMCID: PMC6504327 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
There is scarce evidence regarding the association between the consumption of vegetables and fruits and depressive symptoms in Chinese population. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the influence of vegetables and fruits consumption on depressive symptoms in a middle-aged Chinese population. This study comprised 1676 Chinese adults aged between 45 and 59 years, who participated in a Health Survey at the time of periodic checkup in the city of Linyi, Shandong Province, China. Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Log-binomial regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the consumption of vegetables and fruits and depressive symptoms. A total of 53 participants (3.2%) were classified as having depressive symptoms. After adjustment for confounding variables, participants in the highest quartile of the fruits consumption and vegetables consumption had lower prevalence ratio (PR) for depressive symptoms (PR = 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.603-0.974, P = .042; PR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.612-0.977, P = .045) than those in the lowest quartile. Moreover, those in the highest quartile of total vegetables and fruits consumption had also a lower PR of depressive symptoms (PR = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.503-0.806, P = .037) than did those in the lowest quartile.Our findings indicate that higher consumption of vegetables and fruits is significantly associated with a lower risk of depressive symptoms. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mei Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Linyi People's Hospital, Lanshan District, Linyi, Shandong, the People's Republic of China
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