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Xing Y, Shi H, Gao X, Zhu X, Zhang D, Fang L, Wang J, Liu C, Wu D, Wang X, Min W. Walnut-Derived Peptides Alleviate Learning and Memory Impairments in a Mice Model via Inhibition of Microglia Phagocytose Synapses. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38853533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Microglia phagocytose synapses have an important effect on the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Here, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of the walnut-derived peptide, TWLPLPR(TW-7), against LPS-induced cognitive deficits in mice and explored the underlying C1q-mediated microglia phagocytose synapses mechanisms in LPS-treated HT22 cells. The MWM showed that TW-7 improved the learning and memory capacity of the LPS-injured mice. Both transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence analysis illustrated that synaptic density and morphology were increased while associated with the decreased colocalized synapses with C1q. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence demonstrated that TW-7 effectively reduced the microglia phagocytosis of synapses. Subsequently, overexpression of C1q gene plasmid was used to verify the contribution of the TW-7 via the classical complement pathway-regulated mitochondrial function-mediated microglia phagocytose synapses in LPS-treated HT22 cells. These data suggested that TW-7 improved the learning and memory capability of LPS-induced cognitively impaired mice through a mechanism associated with the classical complement pathway-mediated microglia phagocytose synapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Xing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Haoyuan Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Xi Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Dingwen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Li Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Ji Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Chunlei Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Dan Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Xiyan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Weihong Min
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
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Gilani SJ, Bin Jumah MN, Fatima F, Al-Abbasi FA, Afzal M, Alzarea SI, Sayyed N, Nadeem MS, Kazmi I. Hibiscetin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-evoked memory impairment by inhibiting BDNF/caspase-3/NF-κB pathway in rodents. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16795. [PMID: 38313003 PMCID: PMC10838095 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores the neuroprotective potential of hibiscetin concerning memory deficits induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection in rats. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of hibiscetin against LPS-injected memory deficits in rats. The behavioral paradigms were conducted to access LPS-induced memory deficits. Various biochemical parameters such as acetyl-cholinesterase activity, choline-acetyltransferase, antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, glutathione transferase, catalase), oxidative stress (malonaldehyde), and nitric oxide levels were examined. Furthermore, neuroinflammatory parameters such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and nuclear factor-kappa B expression and brain-derived neurotrophic factor as well as apoptosis marker i.e., caspase-3 were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the hibiscetin-treated group exhibited significant recovery in LPS-induced memory deficits in rats by using behavioral paradigms, biochemical parameters, antioxidant levels, oxidative stress, neuroinflammatory markers, and apoptosis markers. Recent research suggested that hibiscetin may serve as a promising neuroprotective agent in experimental animals and could offer an alternative in LPS-injected memory deficits in rodent models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Jamal Gilani
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Foundation Year, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Nasser Bin Jumah
- Environment and Biomaterial Unit, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Society for Applied Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhat Fatima
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A. Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem Sayyed
- School of Pharmacy, Glocal University, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Oresanya IO, Orhan IE. Deciphering Neuroprotective Effect of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (syn. Salvia rosmarinus Spenn.) through Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Curr Drug Targets 2024; 25:330-352. [PMID: 38258779 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501255093240117092328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Rosmarinus officinalis L. (RO, rosemary) is a well-known medicinal, aromatic, and culinary herb with traditional use in European folk medicine against memory deficits and neurodegenerative disorders. This review highlights the different neuroprotective activities of RO investigated in both preclinical and clinical studies, as well as in silico molecular docking of bioactive compounds found in RO. The neuroprotective effect of RO was searched through databases including PubMed, Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, and Clinical Trials using the keywords "Rosmarinus officinalis, rosemary, neuroprotective effect, memory, cognitive dysfunction, Alzheimer's disease." RO, which is rich in secondary metabolites that have memory-enhancing potential, has displayed neuroprotection through different molecular mechanisms such as inhibition of cholinesterase, modulation of dopaminergic and oxytocinergic systems, mediation of oxidative and inflammatory proteins, involved in neuropathic pain, among others. RO extracts exhibited antidepressant and anxiolytic activities. Also, the plant has shown efficacy in scopolamine-, lipopolysaccharide-, AlCl3-, and H2O2-induced amnesia as well as amyloid-beta- and ibotenic acid-induced neurotoxicity and chronic constriction injury-related oxidative stress memory and cognitive impairments in animal models. A few clinical studies available supported the neuroprotective effects of RO and its constituents. However, more clinical studies are needed to confirm results from preclinical studies further and should include not only placebo-controlled studies but also studies including positive controls using approved drugs. Many studies underlined that constituents of RO may have the potential for developing drug candidates against Alzheimer's disease that possess high bioavailability, low toxicity, and enhanced penetration to CNS, as revealed from the experimental and molecular docking analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibukun O Oresanya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ilkay E Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Türkiye
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Vedat Dalokay Street, No. 112, 06670 Ankara, Türkiye
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Lai NHY, Mohd Zahir IA, Liew AKY, Ogawa S, Parhar I, Soga T. Teleosts as behaviour test models for social stress. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1205175. [PMID: 37744951 PMCID: PMC10512554 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1205175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress is an important aspect of our everyday life and exposure to it is an unavoidable occurrence. In humans, this can come in the form of social stress or physical stress from an injury. Studies in animal models have helped researchers to understand the body's adaptive response to stress in human. Notably, the use of behavioural tests in animal models plays a pivotal role in understanding the neural, endocrine and behavioural changes induced by social stress. Under socially stressed conditions, behavioural parameters are often measured physiological and molecular parameters as changes in behaviour are direct responses to stress and are easily assessed by behavioural tests. Throughout the past few decades, the rodent model has been used as a well-established animal model for stress and behavioural changes. Recently, more attention has been drawn towards using fish as an animal model. Common fish models such as zebrafish, medaka, and African cichlids have the advantage of a higher rate of reproduction, easier handling techniques, sociability and most importantly, share evolutionary conserved genetic make-up, neural circuitry, neuropeptide molecular structure and function with mammalian species. In fact, some fish species exhibit a clear diurnal or seasonal rhythmicity in their stress response, similar to humans, as opposed to rodents. Various social stress models have been established in fish including but not limited to chronic social defeat stress, social stress avoidance, and social stress-related decision-making. The huge variety of behavioural patterns in teleost also aids in the study of more behavioural phenotypes than the mammalian species. In this review, we focus on the use of fish models as alternative models to study the effects of stress on different types of behaviours. Finally, fish behavioural tests against the typical mammalian model-based behavioural test are compared and discussed for their viability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tomoko Soga
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
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Lyu W, Kousaka M, Jia H, Kato H. Effects of Turmeric Extract on Age-Related Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Senescence-Accelerated Mice. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040941. [PMID: 37109470 PMCID: PMC10141758 DOI: 10.3390/life13040941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle atrophy is one of the main causes of sarcopenia—the age-related loss of skeletal muscle. In this study, we investigated the effect of turmeric (Curcuma longa) extract (TE) supplementation on age-related muscle atrophy in a senescence-accelerated mouse model and explored the underlying mechanisms. Twenty-six-week-old male, senescence-accelerated mouse resistant (SAMR) mice received the AIN-93G basal diet, while twenty-six-week-old male, senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice received the AIN-93G basal diet or a 2% TE powder-supplemented diet for ten weeks. Our findings revealed that TE supplementation showed certain effects on ameliorating the decrease in body weight, tibialis anterior weight, and mesenteric fat tissue weight in SAMP8 mice. TE improved gene expression in the glucocorticoid receptor-FoxO signaling pathway in skeletal muscle, including redd1, klf15, foxo1, murf1, and mafbx. Furthermore, TE might have the certain potential on improving the dynamic balance between anabolic and catabolic processes by inhibiting the binding of glucocorticoid receptor or FoxO1 to the glucocorticoid response element or FoxO-binding element in the MuRF1 promoter in skeletal muscle, thereby promoting muscle mass and strength, and preventing muscle atrophy and sarcopenia prevention. Moreover, TE may have reduced mitochondrial damage and maintained cell growth and division by downregulating the mRNA expression of the genes mfn2 and tsc2. Thus, the results indicated TE’s potential for preventing age-related muscle atrophy and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weida Lyu
- Health Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Marika Kousaka
- Health Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Huijuan Jia
- Health Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Hisanori Kato
- Health Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
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Recent Progress in Research on Mechanisms of Action of Natural Products against Alzheimer's Disease: Dietary Plant Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213886. [PMID: 36430365 PMCID: PMC9695301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable degenerative disease of the central nervous system and the most common type of dementia in the elderly. Despite years of extensive research efforts, our understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of AD is still highly limited. Nevertheless, several hypotheses related to risk factors for AD have been proposed. Moreover, plant-derived dietary polyphenols were also shown to exert protective effects against neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. In this review, we summarize the regulatory effects of the most well-known plant-derived dietary polyphenols on several AD-related molecular mechanisms, such as amelioration of oxidative stress injury, inhibition of aberrant glial cell activation to alleviate neuroinflammation, inhibition of the generation and promotion of the clearance of toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, inhibition of cholinesterase enzyme activity, and increase in acetylcholine levels in the brain. We also discuss the issue of bioavailability and the potential for improvement in this regard. This review is expected to encourage further research on the role of natural dietary plant polyphenols in the treatment of AD.
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Tan JK, Nazar FH, Makpol S, Teoh SL. Zebrafish: A Pharmacological Model for Learning and Memory Research. Molecules 2022; 27:7374. [PMID: 36364200 PMCID: PMC9657833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Learning and memory are essential to organism survival and are conserved across various species, especially vertebrates. Cognitive studies involving learning and memory require using appropriate model organisms to translate relevant findings to humans. Zebrafish are becoming increasingly popular as one of the animal models for neurodegenerative diseases due to their low maintenance cost, prolific nature and amenability to genetic manipulation. More importantly, zebrafish exhibit a repertoire of neurobehaviors comparable to humans. In this review, we discuss the forms of learning and memory abilities in zebrafish and the tests used to evaluate the neurobehaviors in this species. In addition, the pharmacological studies that used zebrafish as models to screen for the effects of neuroprotective and neurotoxic compounds on cognitive performance will be summarized here. Lastly, we discuss the challenges and perspectives in establishing zebrafish as a robust model for cognitive research involving learning and memory. Zebrafish are becoming an indispensable model in learning and memory research for screening neuroprotective agents against cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen Kit Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Faris Hazwan Nazar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Seong Lin Teoh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Malik N, Amber S, Zahid S. Rosmarinus officinalis and Methylphenidate Exposure Improves Cognition and Depression and Regulates Anxiety-Like Behavior in AlCl3-Induced Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:943163. [PMID: 36034857 PMCID: PMC9411514 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.943163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurological illness that causes severe cognitive impairment. AD patients also experience at least one of the neuropsychiatric symptoms including apathy, depression, and anxiety during the course of their life. Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors are the available treatment options to alleviate cognitive deficits, whereas methylphenidate (MPH), a psychostimulant, is considered for the treatment of apathy in AD patients. Rosmarinus officinalis, a perennial herb, has been potentially known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study investigated the potential effects of MPH and R. officinalis in comparison with the standard drug, Donepezil, on cognition, anxiety, and depression in the AlCl3-induced mouse model of AD. The animals were divided into eight groups (n = 8, each). The results revealed that the MPH- and R. officinalis-treated groups significantly improved memory impairment, whereas R. officinalis substantially reduced depression and anxiety as compared with other treatment groups. MPH treatment induced an antidepressant effect and increased anxiety-like behavior. Moreover, the AlCl3 exposure led to the formation of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques in mice hippocampus; however, none of the tested drugs caused a significant reduction in amyloid burden at the selected doses. The present study suggested the potential of R. officinalis to improve memory as well as neuropsychiatric symptoms in AD. Although R. officinalis improved cognitive abilities, it did not reduce the amyloid plaque burden, which indicates that the memory-enhancing effects of R. officinalis are due to some alternate mechanism that needs to be explored further.
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Shenoy A, Banerjee M, Upadhya A, Bagwe-Parab S, Kaur G. The Brilliance of the Zebrafish Model: Perception on Behavior and Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:861155. [PMID: 35769627 PMCID: PMC9234549 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.861155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has become increasingly prevalent in the elderly population across the world. It’s pathophysiological markers such as overproduction along with the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) are posing a serious challenge to novel drug development processes. A model which simulates the human neurodegenerative mechanism will be beneficial for rapid screening of potential drug candidates. Due to the comparable neurological network with humans, zebrafish has emerged as a promising AD model. This model has been thoroughly validated through research in aspects of neuronal pathways analogous to the human brain. The cholinergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic pathways, which play a role in the manifested behavior of the zebrafish, are well defined. There are several behavioral models in both adult zebrafish and larvae to establish various aspects of cognitive impairment including spatial memory, associative memory, anxiety, and other such features that are manifested in AD. The zebrafish model eliminates the shortcomings of previously recognized mammalian models, in terms of expense, extensive assessment durations, and the complexity of imaging the brain to test the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. This review highlights the various models that analyze the changes in the normal behavioral patterns of the zebrafish when exposed to AD inducing agents. The mechanistic pathway adopted by drugs and novel therapeutic strategies can be explored via these behavioral models and their efficacy to slow the progression of AD can be evaluated.
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Jia H, Yamashita T, Li X, Kato H. Laurel Attenuates Dexamethasone-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy In Vitro and in a Rat Model. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102029. [PMID: 35631169 PMCID: PMC9143575 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention of muscle atrophy contributes to improved quality of life and life expectancy. In this study, we investigated the effects of laurel, selected from 34 spices and herbs, on dexamethasone (DEX)-induced skeletal muscle atrophy and deciphered the underlying mechanisms. Co-treatment of C2C12 myotubes with laurel for 12 h inhibited the DEX-induced expression of intracellular ubiquitin ligases—muscle atrophy F-box (atrogin-1/MAFbx) and muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1)—and reduction in myotube diameter. Male Wistar rats were supplemented with 2% laurel for 17 days, with DEX-induced skeletal muscle atrophy occurring in the last 3 days. Laurel supplementation inhibited the mRNA expression of MuRF1, regulated DNA damage and development 1 (Redd1), and forkhead box class O 1 (Foxo1) in the muscles of rats. Mechanistically, we evaluated the effects of laurel on the cellular proteolysis machinery—namely, the ubiquitin/proteasome system and autophagy—and the mTOR signaling pathway, which regulates protein synthesis. These data indicated that the amelioration of DEX-induced skeletal muscle atrophy induced by laurel, is mainly mediated by the transcriptional inhibition of downstream factors of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Thus, laurel may be a potential food ingredient that prevents muscle atrophy.
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