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Yu C, Liu X, Ma B, Xu J, Chen Y, Dai C, Peng H, Zha D. Novel anti-neuroinflammatory pyranone-carbamate derivatives as selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors for treating Alzheimer's disease. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2313682. [PMID: 38362862 PMCID: PMC10878344 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2313682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) and neuroinflammation have recently emerged as promising therapeutic directions for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Herein, we synthesised 19 novel pyranone-carbamate derivatives and evaluated their activities against cholinesterases and neuroinflammation. The optimal compound 7p exhibited balanced BuChE inhibitory activity (eqBuChE IC50 = 4.68 nM; huBuChE IC50 = 9.12 nM) and anti-neuroinflammatory activity (NO inhibition = 28.82% at 10 μM, comparable to hydrocortisone). Enzyme kinetic and docking studies confirmed compound 7p was a mix-type BuChE inhibitor. Additionally, compound 7p displayed favourable drug-likeness properties in silico prediction, and exhibited high BBB permeability in the PAMPA-BBB assay. Compound 7p had good safety in vivo as verified by an acute toxicity assay (LD50 > 1000 mg/kg). Most importantly, compound 7p effectively mitigated cognitive and memory impairments in the scopolamine-induced mouse model, showing comparable effects to Rivastigmine. Therefore, we envisioned that compound 7p could serve as a promising lead compound for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyu Yu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xueyan Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Bingxiang Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jiexin Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yiquan Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chaoxian Dai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Huaping Peng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Daijun Zha
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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2
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Singh S, Bhatt D, Kumar Singh M, Bisht S, Sundaresan V, Chandra Padalia R, Umrao Bawankule D, Swaroop Verma R. Neuroinflammation and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Potentials of a Spiroketal-Enol Ether Polyyne Isolated from Artemisia pallens Wall. ex DC. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301762. [PMID: 38263615 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Artemisia pallens Wall. ex DC (Asteraceae) is cultivated for the production of high-value essential oil from its aerial biomass. In this study, the chemical composition of the root (crop-residue) essential oil was investigated for the first time, using column-chromatography, GC-FID, GC-MS, LC-QTOF, and NMR techniques, which led to the identification of twenty constituents, with isolation of (E)-2-(2',4'-hexadiynylidene)-1,6-dioxaspiro [4.5]dec-3-ene (D6). The D6 was evaluated in vitro for neuroinflammation and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential. It showed inhibition of neuroinflammation in a concentration-dependent manner with significant inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. D6 did not have any significant effect on the viability of the cells at the therapeutic concentrations. D6 also has shown acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential (51.90±1.19 %) at the concentration of log 106 nM. The results showed that D6 has a potential role in the resolution of neuroinflammation, and its acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential directs further investigation of its role in the management of Alzheimer's disease-related pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Singh
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Divya Bhatt
- Bio-Prospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Munmun Kumar Singh
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Surbhi Bisht
- Bio-Prospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Velusamy Sundaresan
- Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources Conservation Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Research Center, Bengaluru, 560065, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra Chandra Padalia
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Centre Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263149, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar Umrao Bawankule
- Bio-Prospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ram Swaroop Verma
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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3
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Cho HG, Kim DU, Oh JY, Park SJ, Kweon B, Bae GS. Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects of Arecae pericarpium on LPS-Stimulated BV2 Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:884-895. [PMID: 38275670 PMCID: PMC10814974 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Arecae pericarpium (AP), the fruit peel of the betel palm, is a traditional Oriental herbal medicine. AP is used to treat various diseases and conditions, such as ascites, edema, and urinary retention, in traditional Korean medicine. Recent studies have demonstrated its anti-obesity and antibacterial effects; however, its anti-neuroinflammatory effects have not yet been reported. Therefore, we investigated the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of AP on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse microglia in this study. To determine the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of AP on BV2 microglial cells, we examined the production of nitric oxide (NO) using Griess assay and assessed the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory mediators, such as inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, using a real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, we determined the levels of mitogen-activated protein kinases and IκBα via Western blotting to understand the regulating mechanisms of AP. AP treatment decreased NO production in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Additionally, AP suppressed the expression of iNOS and COX-2 and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. AP also inhibited the activation of p38 and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Therefore, AP exerts anti-neuroinflammatory effects via inactivation of the p38 and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-gyu Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea; (H.-g.C.); (D.-U.K.); (J.-Y.O.)
| | - Dong-Uk Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea; (H.-g.C.); (D.-U.K.); (J.-Y.O.)
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jin-Young Oh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea; (H.-g.C.); (D.-U.K.); (J.-Y.O.)
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung-Joo Park
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Herbology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Bitna Kweon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea; (H.-g.C.); (D.-U.K.); (J.-Y.O.)
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea;
| | - Gi-Sang Bae
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea; (H.-g.C.); (D.-U.K.); (J.-Y.O.)
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea;
- Research Center of Traditional Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
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Oh YC, Jeong YH, Yang HJ, Li W, Ma JY. Lumbricus Extract Prevents LPS-Induced Inflammatory Activation of BV2 Microglia and Glutamate-Induced Hippocampal HT22 Cell Death by Suppressing MAPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling and Oxidative Stress. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:9926-9942. [PMID: 38132466 PMCID: PMC10742620 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45120620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia-induced inflammatory signaling and neuronal oxidative stress are mutually reinforcing processes central to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies have shown that extracts of dried Pheretima aspergillum (Lumbricus) can inhibit tissue fibrosis, mitochondrial damage, and asthma. However, the effects of Lumbricus extracts on neuroinflammation and neuronal damage have not been previously studied. Therefore, to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Lumbricus extract for neurodegenerative diseases, the current study assessed the extract's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in BV2 microglial cultures stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) along with its neuroprotective efficacy in mouse hippocampal HT22 cell cultures treated with excess glutamate. Lumbricus extract dose-dependently inhibited the LPS-induced production of multiple proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β) and reversed the upregulation of proinflammatory enzymes (inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2). Lumbricus also activated the antioxidative nuclear factor erythroid 2-relayed factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway and inhibited LPS-induced activation of the nuclear factor-κB/mitogen-activated protein kinases/NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammatory pathway. In addition, Lumbricus extract suppressed the glutamate-induced necrotic and apoptotic death of HT22 cells, effects associated with upregulated expression of antiapoptotic proteins, downregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins, and reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Chromatography revealed that the Lumbricus extract contained uracil, hypoxanthine, uridine, xanthine, adenosine, inosine, and guanosine. Its effects against microglial activation and excitotoxic neuronal death reported herein support the therapeutic potential of Lumbricus for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Chang Oh
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70, Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (Y.H.J.); (H.J.Y.); (W.L.)
| | | | | | | | - Jin Yeul Ma
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70, Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (Y.H.J.); (H.J.Y.); (W.L.)
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5
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Kim KW, Lee YS, Choi BR, Yoon D, Lee DY. Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effect of the Ethanolic Extract of Black Ginseng through TLR4-MyD88-Regulated Inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways in LPS-Induced BV2 Microglial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15320. [PMID: 37894998 PMCID: PMC10607189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) contains various ginsenosides as active ingredients, and they show diverse biological activities. Black ginseng is manufactured by repeated steaming and drying of white ginseng, which alters the polarity of ginsenosides and improves biological activities. The aim of the present investigation was to examine the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of the ethanolic extract of black ginseng (BGE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 microglial cells. Pre-treatment with BGE inhibited the overproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in LPS-induced BV2 cells. In addition, BGE reduced the activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPK signaling pathways induced by LPS. These anti-neuroinflammatory effects were mediated through the negative regulation of the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) signaling pathway. Among the four ginsenosides contained in BGE, ginsenosides Rd and Rg3 inhibited the production of inflammatory mediators. Taken together, this investigation suggests that BGE represents potential anti-neuroinflammatory candidates for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dae Young Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea; (K.-W.K.); (Y.-S.L.); (B.-R.C.); (D.Y.)
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6
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Liu Z, Yoon CS, Lee H, Lee HK, Lee DS. Linderone Isolated from Lindera erythrocarpa Exerts Antioxidant and Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects via NF-κB and Nrf2 Pathways in BV2 and HT22 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087569. [PMID: 37108731 PMCID: PMC10141370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Linderone is a major compound in Lindera erythrocarpa and exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in BV2 cells. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of linderone action in BV2 and HT22 cells. Linderone suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, and prostaglandin E-2) in BV2 cells. Linderone treatment also inhibited the LPS-induced activation of p65 nuclear factor-kappa B, protecting against oxidative stress in glutamate-stimulated HT22 cells. Furthermore, linderone activated the translocation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 and induces the expression of heme oxygenase-1. These findings provided a mechanistic explanation of the antioxidant and anti-neuroinflammatory effects of linderone. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the therapeutic potential of linderone in neuronal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Su Yoon
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju-si 28116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Hwan Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Kyu Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Dong-Sung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
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7
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Abstract
Hupelactones A (1) and B (2), two new eudesmanolide-type enantiomers of the corresponding compounds, along with four mono- (3-6) and nine dimeric- (7-15) known sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the whole plant of Chloranthus henryi var. hupehensis (syn. C. henryi). The new structures including the absolute configurations were determined by comparison with previously reported enantiomers, extensive spectroscopic methods in combination with electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. All the isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in murine BV-2 microglial cells. Among them, the dimeric lindenane sesquiterpenoids shizukaols F (8) and G (11) exhibited the most potent activities, with IC50 values of 2.65 and 4.60 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Jiao Wang
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jun-Li Xin
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Sheng-Zhou Yu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China
| | - Li-Long Pan
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China
| | - Jin-Feng Hu
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Juan Xiong
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
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Huang LJ, Li XA, Jin MY, Guo WX, Lei LR, Liu R, Zhang MZ, Guo DL, Wang D, Zhou Y, Deng Y, Zhang JG. Two previously undescribed phthalides from Talaromyces amestolkiae, a symbiotic fungus of Syngnathus acus. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2023; 25:147-155. [PMID: 35582859 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2022.2075738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Amestolkins A (1) and B (2), two previously undescribed phthalides sharing the same planar structure of (1, 5-dihydroxyhexyl)-7-hydroxyisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one were isolated from Talaromyces amestolkiae. Their absolute configurations were elucidated by comprehensive analyses of spectroscopic evidences in high-resolution electrospray mass spectra (HRESIMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) combined with electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and NMR calculations. 1 and 2 showed anti-neuroinflammatory activity by inhibiting the gene expressions of proinflammatory factors including C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), as well as attenuating the excretion of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in BV-2 microglial cells at the concentration of 30 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xin-Ai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Meng-Ying Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wen-Xiu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li-Rong Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ming-Zhi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Da-Le Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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9
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Zhu X, Cheng J, Yu J, Liu R, Ma H, Zhao Y. Nicotinamide mononucleotides alleviated neurological impairment via anti-neuroinflammation in traumatic brain injury. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:307-317. [PMID: 36860678 PMCID: PMC9969499 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.80942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the main factors of death and disability in adults with a high incidence worldwide. Nervous system injury, as the most common and serious secondary injury after TBI, determines the prognosis of TBI patients. NAD+ has been confirmed to have neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative diseases, but its role in TBI remains to be explored. In our study, nicotinamide mononucleotides (NMN), a direct precursor of NAD+, was used to explore the specific role of NAD+ in rats with TBI. Our results showed that NMN administration markedly attenuated histological damages, neuronal death, brain edema, and improved neurological and cognitive deficits in TBI rats. Moreover, NMN treatment significantly suppressed activated astrocytes and microglia after TBI, and further inhibited the expressions of inflammatory factor. Besides, RNA sequencing was used to access the differently expressed genes (DEGs) and their enriched (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) KEGG pathways between Sham, TBI, and TBI+NMN. We found that 1589 genes were significantly changed in TBI and 792 genes were reversed by NMN administration. For example, inflammatory factor CCL2, toll like receptors TLR2 and TLR4, proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-11 and IL1rn which were activated after TBI and were decreased by NMN treatment. GO analysis also demonstrated that inflammatory response was the most significant biological process reversed by NMN treatment. Moreover, the reversed DEGs were typically enriched in NF-Kappa B signaling pathway, Jak-STAT signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway. Taken together, our data showed that NMN alleviated neurological impairment via anti-neuroinflammation in traumatic brain injury and the mechanisms may involve TLR2/4-NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Zhu
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangtao Yu
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruining Liu
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoli Ma
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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10
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Wang YX, Xu ZY, Qin SY, Du NN, Yao GD, Lin B, Huang XX, Song SJ. Novel Bisamide Alkaloids Enantiomers from Pepper Roots ( Piper nigrum L.) with Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory and Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:15487-15498. [PMID: 36450093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The roots of Piper nigrum L., a seasoning for cooking various types of broths, are renowned for their high nutritional content and potential medicinal benefits. In this study, nine pairs of novel cyclohexene-type bisamide alkaloids (1a/1b-9a/9b) were isolated from the pepper roots using molecular network analysis strategies. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and X-ray diffraction analyses. Using an intermolecular Diels-Alder reaction, a strategy for the synthesis of bisamide alkaloids from different monomeric amide alkaloids was developed. Furthermore, these compounds were chirally separated for the first time, and compounds 3a and 5a/5b showed significant anti-neuroinflammation effects in the models of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced BV2 microglial cells. Meanwhile, compounds 6b and 7a displayed concentration-dependent inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase with IC50 values of 6.05 ± 1.10 and 3.81 ± 0.10 μM, respectively. These findings confirmed that these bisamide alkaloids could be applied in functional food formulations and pharmaceutical products as well as facilitate the further development and usage of pepper roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Shu-Yan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Ning-Ning Du
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Guo-Dong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Bin Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Shao-Jiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine Active Molecule Research & Development, Liaoning Province; Key Laboratory of Natural Bioactive Compounds Discovery & Modification, Shenyang; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
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11
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Jeong YH, Oh YC, Kim TI, Ma JY. Neuroprotective and Anti-Neuroinflammatory Properties of Vignae Radiatae Semen in Neuronal HT22 and Microglial BV2 Cell Lines. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245265. [PMID: 36558424 PMCID: PMC9786594 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The important factors in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders include oxidative stress and neuron-glia system inflammation. Vignae Radiatae Semen (VRS) exhibits antihypertensive, anticancer, anti-melanogenesis, hepatoprotective, and immunomodulatory properties. However, the neuroprotective effects and anti-neuroinflammatory activities of VRS ethanol extract (VRSE) remained unknown. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities of VRSE against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced neuronal cell death in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial activation, respectively. This study revealed that VRSE pretreatment had significantly prevented H2O2-induced neuronal cell death and attenuated reactive oxygen species generations in HT22 cells. Additionally, VRSE attenuated the apoptosis protein expression while increasing the anti-apoptotic protein expression. Further, VRSE showed significant inhibitory effects on LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines in BV2 microglia. Moreover, VRSE pretreatment significantly activated the tropomyosin-related kinase receptor B/cAMP response element-binding protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, and heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathways in HT22 cells exposed to H2O2 and inhibited the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB mechanism in BV2 cells stimulated with LPS. Therefore, VRSE exerts therapeutic potential against neurodegenerative diseases related to oxidative stress and pathological inflammatory responses.
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12
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Wu J, Zhang H, Wang Y, Yin G, Li Q, Zhuo L, Chen H, Wang Z. From tryptamine to the discovery of efficient multi-target directed ligands against cholinesterase-associated neurodegenerative disorders. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1036030. [PMID: 36518670 PMCID: PMC9742383 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1036030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel class of benzyl-free and benzyl-substituted carbamylated tryptamine derivatives (CDTs) was designed and synthesized to serve as effective building blocks for the development of novel multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) for the treatment of neurological disorders linked to cholinesterase (ChE) activity. The majority of them endowed butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) with more substantial inhibition potency than acetylcholinesterase (AChE), according to the full study of ChE inhibition. Particularly, hybrids with dibenzyl groups (2b-2f, 2j, 2o, and 2q) showed weak or no neuronal toxicity and hepatotoxicity and single-digit nanomolar inhibitory effects against BuChE. Through molecular docking and kinetic analyses, the potential mechanism of action on BuChE was first investigated. In vitro H2O2-induced HT-22 cells assay demonstrated the favorable neuroprotective potency of 2g, 2h, 2j, 2m, 2o, and 2p. Besides, 2g, 2h, 2j, 2m, 2o, and 2p endowed good antioxidant activities and COX-2 inhibitory effects. This study suggested that this series of hybrids can be applied to treat various ChE-associated neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), as well as promising building blocks for further structure modification to develop efficient MTDLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Honghua Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yuying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gaofeng Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qien Li
- Tibetan Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Linsheng Zhuo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hongjin Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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13
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Zhang W, Meng Q, Wu J, Cheng W, Liu D, Huang J, Fan A, Xu J, Lin W. Acorane sesquiterpenes from the deep-sea derived Penicillium bilaiae fungus with anti-neuroinflammatory effects. Front Chem 2022; 10:1036212. [PMID: 36505743 PMCID: PMC9727179 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1036212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acorane-type sesquiterpenes comprise a unique class of natural products with a range of pharmaceutical effects. Genome sequencing and gene annotation, along with qRT-PCR detection, demonstrate that the deep-sea derived Penicillium bilaiae F-28 fungus shows potential to produce acorane sesquiterpenes. Chromatographic manipulation resulted in the isolation of 20 acorane sesquiterpenes from the large-scale fermented fungal strain. Their structures were established by the interpretation of spectroscopic data, together with X-ray diffraction, chemical conversion, and ECD data for configurational assignments. A total of 18 new sesquiterpenes, namely, bilaiaeacorenols A-R (1-18), were identified. Bilaiaeacorenols A and B represent structurally unique tricyclic acoranes. Compound 18 exhibited efficient reduction against NO production in LPS-induced BV-2 macrophages in a dose-dependent manner, and it abolished LPS-induced NF-κB in the nucleus of BV-2 microglial cells. In addition, marked reductions of iNOS and COX-2 in protein and mRNA levels were observed. This study extends the chemical diversity of acorane-type sesquiterpenoids and suggests that compound 18 is a promising lead for anti-neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing, China,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Qingyu Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingshuai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Aili Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China,*Correspondence: Jing Xu, ; Wenhan Lin,
| | - Wenhan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing, China,Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicines, Peking University, Ningbo, China,*Correspondence: Jing Xu, ; Wenhan Lin,
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14
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Ngu EL, Tan CY, Lai NJY, Wong KH, Lim SH, Ming LC, Tan KO, Phang SM, Yow YY. Spirulina platensis Suppressed iNOS and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced BV2 Microglia. Metabolites 2022; 12:1147. [PMID: 36422287 PMCID: PMC9698046 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The disease burden of neurodegenerative diseases is on the rise due to the aging population, and neuroinflammation is one of the underlying causes. Spirulina platensis is a well-known superfood with numerous reported bioactivities. However, the effect of S. platensis Universiti Malaya Algae Culture Collection 159 (UMACC 159) (a strain isolated from Israel) on proinflammatory mediators and cytokines remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the anti-neuroinflammatory activity of S. platensis extracts and identify the potential bioactive compounds. S. platensis extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and aqueous) were screened for phytochemical content and antioxidant activity. Ethanol extract was studied for its effect on proinflammatory mediators and cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 microglia. The potential bioactive compounds were identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric (LC-MS) analysis. Ethanol extract had the highest flavonoid content and antioxidant and nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activity. Ethanol extract completely inhibited the production of NO via the downregulation of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and significantly reduced the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6. Emmotin A, palmitic amide, and 1-monopalmitin, which might play an important role in cell signaling, have been identified. In conclusion, S. platensis ethanol extract inhibited neuroinflammation through the downregulation of NO, TNF-α and IL-6. This preliminary study provided insight into compound(s) isolation, which could contribute to the development of precision nutrition for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ee-Ling Ngu
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Cheng-Yau Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Nicole Jean-Yean Lai
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Kah-Hui Wong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Siew-Huah Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Kuan-Onn Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Siew-Moi Phang
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Yoon-Yen Yow
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
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15
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Wang Y, Wang K, Yan J, Zhou Q, Wang X. Recent Progress in Research on Mechanisms of Action of Natural Products against Alzheimer's Disease: Dietary Plant Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36430365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable degenerative disease of the central nervous system and the most common type of dementia in the elderly. Despite years of extensive research efforts, our understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of AD is still highly limited. Nevertheless, several hypotheses related to risk factors for AD have been proposed. Moreover, plant-derived dietary polyphenols were also shown to exert protective effects against neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. In this review, we summarize the regulatory effects of the most well-known plant-derived dietary polyphenols on several AD-related molecular mechanisms, such as amelioration of oxidative stress injury, inhibition of aberrant glial cell activation to alleviate neuroinflammation, inhibition of the generation and promotion of the clearance of toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, inhibition of cholinesterase enzyme activity, and increase in acetylcholine levels in the brain. We also discuss the issue of bioavailability and the potential for improvement in this regard. This review is expected to encourage further research on the role of natural dietary plant polyphenols in the treatment of AD.
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Wang Z, Wu L, Fu D, Zhang Y, Zhang C. Hemp Seed Fermented by Aspergillus oryzae Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Inflammatory Responses in N9 Microglial Cells. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121689. [PMID: 35741887 PMCID: PMC9222285 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of our present work was to explore the possible enhanced anti-neuroinflammatory ability of Aspergillus oryzae fermented hemp seed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated N9 microglial cells and elucidate its underlying mechanism. The water extract of hemp seed was fermented by Aspergillus oryzae. LPS-stimulated N9 microglial cells were employed for the inflammatory cell model. The release of nitric oxide (NO) was determined by Griess assay. The cytokines and inflammatory mediator expression were measured by qPCR and ELISA. The phosphorylated key signaling proteins, including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K/Akt), were quantified by western blot analysis. The production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by DCFH oxidation. Fermented hemp seed (FHS) reduced NO production by downregulating inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in LPS-stimulated N9 microglial cells. FHS treatment decreased LPS-stimulated expression of inflammatory cytokines either on mRNA or protein levels. Moreover, FHS inhibited LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of NF-κB, MAPKs, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Furthermore, FHS significantly reduced the ROS production in the cells. It was concluded that FHS exerted its anti-neuroinflammatory activities by suppressing ROS production, thus inhibiting NF-κB, MAPKs, and PI3K/Akt activation, consequently decreasing the expression levels of inflammatory mediators and cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Z.W.); (D.F.)
| | - Lehao Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Dongmei Fu
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Z.W.); (D.F.)
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (C.Z.)
| | - Chunzhi Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Z.W.); (D.F.)
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (C.Z.)
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17
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Cai Y, Liu J, Wang B, Sun M, Yang H. Microglia in the Neuroinflammatory Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Therapeutic Targets. Front Immunol 2022; 13:856376. [PMID: 35558075 PMCID: PMC9086828 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.856376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease worldwide, characterized by progressive neuron degeneration or loss due to excessive accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides, formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and hyperphosphorylated tau. The treatment of AD has been only partially successful as the majority of the pharmacotherapies on the market may alleviate some of the symptoms. In the occurrence of AD, increasing attention has been paid to neurodegeneration, while the resident glial cells, like microglia are also observed. Microglia, a kind of crucial glial cells associated with the innate immune response, functions as double-edge sword role in CNS. They exert a beneficial or detrimental influence on the adjacent neurons through secretion of both pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as neurotrophic factors. In addition, their endocytosis of debris and toxic protein like Aβ and tau ensures homeostasis of the neuronal microenvironment. In this review, we will systematically summarize recent research regarding the roles of microglia in AD pathology and latest microglia-associated therapeutic targets mainly including pro-inflammatory genes, anti-inflammatory genes and phagocytosis at length, some of which are contradictory and controversial and warrant to further be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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18
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Park YJ, Yang HJ, Li W, Oh YC, Go Y. Menthae Herba Attenuates Neuroinflammation by Regulating CREB/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway in BV2 Microglial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:649. [PMID: 35453334 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress cause microglia to be abnormally activated in the brain, resulting in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Menthae Herba (MH) has been widely used as a medicinal plant with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. In this study, we sought to evaluate the effects of MH on the inflammatory response and possible molecular mechanisms in microglia stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Transcriptional and translational expression levels of the proinflammatory factors were measured using ELISA, RT-qPCR, and Western blot analysis. MH extract inhibited the production of proinflammatory enzymes and mediators nitric oxide (NO), NO synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 in LPS-stimulated cells. Our molecular mechanism study showed that MH inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. In contrast, MH activated HO-1 and its transcriptional factors, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathways. Thus, MH reduces ROS and NF-κB-mediated inflammatory signaling and induces CREB/Nrf2/HO-1-related antioxidant signaling in microglia. Together, these results may provide specific prospects for the therapeutic use of MH in the context of neuroinflammatory diseases, including AD.
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Choi BR, Kim HG, Ko W, Dong L, Yoon D, Oh SM, Lee YS, Lee DS, Baek NI, Lee DY. Noble 3,4-Seco-triterpenoid Glycosides from the Fruits of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus and Their Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091334. [PMID: 34572966 PMCID: PMC8466647 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acanthopanax sessiliflorus (Araliaceae) have been reported to exhibit many pharmacological activities. Our preliminary study suggested that A. sessiliflorus fruits include many bioactive 3,4-seco-triterpenoids. A. sessiliflorus fruits were extracted in aqueous EtOH and fractionated into EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O fractions. Repeated column chromatographies for the organic fractions led to the isolation of 3,4-seco-triterpenoid glycosides, including new compounds. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) mass spectrometry (MS) systems were used for quantitation and quantification. BV2 and RAW264.7 cells were induced by LPS, and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators and their underlying mechanisms were measured by ELISA and Western blotting. NMR, IR, and HR-MS analyses revealed the chemical structures of the nine noble 3,4-seco-triterpenoid glycosides, acanthosessilioside G–O, and two known ones. The amounts of the compounds were 0.01–2.806 mg/g, respectively. Acanthosessilioside K, L, and M were the most effective in inhibiting NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 production and reducing iNOS and COX-2 expression. In addition, it had inhibitory effects on the LPS-induced p38 and ERK MAPK phosphorylation in both BV2 and RAW264.7 cells. Nine noble 3,4-seco-triterpenoid glycosides were isolated from A. sessiliflorus fruits, and acanthosessilioside K, L, and M showed high anti-inflammatory and anti-neuroinflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ram Choi
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea; (B.-R.C.); (D.Y.); (S.M.O.); (Y.-S.L.)
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (H.-G.K.); (N.-I.B.)
| | - Hyoung-Geun Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (H.-G.K.); (N.-I.B.)
| | - Wonmin Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (W.K.); (L.D.); (D.-S.L.)
| | - Linsha Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (W.K.); (L.D.); (D.-S.L.)
| | - Dahye Yoon
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea; (B.-R.C.); (D.Y.); (S.M.O.); (Y.-S.L.)
| | - Seon Min Oh
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea; (B.-R.C.); (D.Y.); (S.M.O.); (Y.-S.L.)
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (H.-G.K.); (N.-I.B.)
| | - Young-Seob Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea; (B.-R.C.); (D.Y.); (S.M.O.); (Y.-S.L.)
| | - Dong-Sung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (W.K.); (L.D.); (D.-S.L.)
| | - Nam-In Baek
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (H.-G.K.); (N.-I.B.)
| | - Dae Young Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea; (B.-R.C.); (D.Y.); (S.M.O.); (Y.-S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-43-871-5781
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20
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Sun Y, Zhou YQ, Liu YK, Zhang HQ, Hou GG, Meng QG, Hou Y. Potential anti-neuroinflammatory NF-кB inhibitors based on 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2 H)-one derivatives. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 35:1631-1640. [PMID: 32781863 PMCID: PMC7470122 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1804899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-кB) inhibition represents a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases. In this study, a series of 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (DHN; 6a-n, 7a-c) derivatives were synthesised and characterised by NMR and HRMS. We assessed the toxicity and anti-neuroinflammatory properties of these compounds and found that 6m showed the greatest anti-neuroinflammatory properties, with relatively low toxicity. Specifically, 6m significantly reduced reactive oxygen species production, down-regulated the expression of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and caspase-1 and prevented lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglia cells polarisation towards an M1 phenotype. Furthermore, 6m significantly decreased IκBα and NF-кB p65 phosphorylation, thus inhibiting the NF-кB signalling pathway. This suggests that 6m may be explored as a functional anti-neuroinflammatory agent for the treatment of inflammatory diseases in the central nervous system, such as multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, stroke and spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Qiu Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Yin-Kai Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Qin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Gui-Ge Hou
- The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Guo Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Yun Hou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, P. R. China
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21
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Cho HW, Gim HJ, Li H, Subedi L, Kim SY, Ryu JH, Jeon R. Structure-Activity Relationship of Phytoestrogen Analogs as ERα/β Agonists with Neuroprotective Activities. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:99-105. [PMID: 33390527 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A set of isoflavononid and flavonoid analogs was prepared and evaluated for estrogen receptor α (ERα) and ERβ transactivation and anti-neuroinflammatory activities. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of naturally occurring phytoestrogens, their metabolites, and related isoflavone analogs revealed the importance of the C-ring of isoflavonoids for ER activity and selectivity. Docking study suggested putative binding modes of daidzein 2 and dehydroequol 8 in the active site of ERα and ERβ, and provided an understanding of the promising activity and selectivity of dehydroequol 8. Among the tested compounds, equol 7 and dehydroequol 8 were the most potent ERα/β agonists with ERβ selectivity and neuroprotective activity. This study provides knowledge on the SAR of isoflavonoids for further development of potent and selective ER agonists with neuroprotective potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University
| | - Hyo Jin Gim
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University
| | - Hua Li
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University
| | | | | | - Jae-Ha Ryu
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University
| | - Raok Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University
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22
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Khan A, Khan A, Khalid S, Shal B, Kang E, Lee H, Laumet G, Seo EK, Khan S. 7β-(3-Ethyl- cis-crotonoyloxy)-1α-(2-methylbutyryloxy)-3,14-dehydro- Z Notonipetranone Attenuates Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory and Pro-Apoptotic Protein Expressions. Molecules 2021; 26:E181. [PMID: 33401491 PMCID: PMC7795484 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
7β-(3-Ethyl-cis-crotonoyloxy)-1α-(2-methylbutyryloxy)-3,14-dehydro-Z-notonipetranone (ECN), a sesquiterpenoid obtained from a natural source has proved to be effective in minimizing various side effects associated with opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The current study focused on investigating the effects of ECN on neuropathic pain induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL) by mainly focusing on oxidative stress, inflammatory and apoptotic proteins expression in mice. ECN (1 and 10 mg/kg, i.p.), was administered once daily for 11 days, starting from the third day after surgery. ECN post-treatment was found to reduce hyperalgesia and allodynia in a dose-dependent manner. ECN remarkably reversed the histopathological abnormalities associated with oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation. Furthermore, ECN prevented the suppression of antioxidants (glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), hemeoxygenase-1 and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase) by PSNL. Moreover, pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrotic factor-alpha, interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase) expression was reduced by ECN administration. Treatment with ECN was successful in reducing the caspase-3 level consistent with the observed modulation of pro-apoptotic proteins. Additionally, ECN showed a protective effect on the lipid content of myelin sheath as evident from FTIR spectroscopy which showed the shift of lipid component bands to higher values. Thus, the anti-neuropathic potential of ECN might be due to the inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammatory mediators and pro-apoptotic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.K.); (S.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Adnan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.K.); (S.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Sidra Khalid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.K.); (S.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Bushra Shal
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.K.); (S.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Eunwoo Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (E.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Hwaryeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (E.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Geoffroy Laumet
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Eun Kyoung Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (E.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.K.); (S.K.); (B.S.)
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23
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Kim M, Park MH, Nam G, Lee M, Kang J, Song IS, Choi MK, Jin HK, Bae JS, Lim MH. A Glycosylated Prodrug to Attenuate Neuroinflammation and Improve Cognitive Deficits in Alzheimer's Disease Transgenic Mice. Mol Pharm 2020; 18:101-112. [PMID: 33241681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We report a prodrug, Glu-DAPPD, to overcome the shortcomings of an anti-neuroinflammatory molecule, N,N'-diacetyl-p-phenylenediamine (DAPPD), in biological applicability for potential therapeutic applications. We suspect that Glu-DAPPD can release DAPPD through endogenous enzymatic bioconversion. Consequently, Glu-DAPPD exhibits in vivo efficacies in alleviating neuroinflammation, reducing amyloid-β aggregate accumulation, and improving cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice. Our studies demonstrate that the prodrug approach is suitable and effective toward developing drug candidates against neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingeun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Park
- KNU Alzheimer's disease Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 Plus Kyungpook National University Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Geewoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhye Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Technical Support Center, Office of Research Affairs, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Im-Sook Song
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Koo Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheon-an 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Jin
- KNU Alzheimer's disease Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.,Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Bae
- KNU Alzheimer's disease Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 Plus Kyungpook National University Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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24
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Pfohl M, DaSilva NA, Marques E, Agudelo J, Liu C, Goedken M, Slitt AL, Seeram NP, Ma H. Hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of a standardized pomegranate ( Punica granatum) fruit extract in high fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 72:499-510. [PMID: 33203257 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1849041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diets rich in fats are linked to elevated systemic inflammation, which augments the progression of inflammatory-related disorders including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and neurodegenerative diseases. A phenolic-enriched pomegranate fruit extract (PE) was investigated for its hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in male C57BL/6 mice fed either a high-fat diet or a standard rodent diet with or without 1% of PE for 12 weeks. Mouse livers and hippocampi were evaluated for the expression of genes associated with NAFLD and inflammation by multiplexed gene analysis. PE alleviated diet-induced fatty liver and suppressed hepatic lipid regulating genes including Cd36, Fas, Acot2 and Slc27a1. In addition, PE suppressed gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including Il-1α, Il-7, Il-11, Ifnα, Tnfα and Lepr in the hippocampi. Our findings support the protective effects of PE against high-fat diet-induced hepatic and neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Pfohl
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Nicholas A DaSilva
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.,George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Emily Marques
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Juliana Agudelo
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Michael Goedken
- Rutgers Translational Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Angela L Slitt
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.,George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Navindra P Seeram
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.,George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Hang Ma
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.,George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
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25
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Lee TH, Suh WS, Subedi L, Kim SY, Choi SU, Lee KR, Kim CS. Three New Oleanane-Type Triterpenoidal Glycosides from Impatiens balsamina and Their Biological Activity. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9091083. [PMID: 32846890 PMCID: PMC7570163 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Three new oleanane-type triterpenoidal glycosides, imbalosides A-C (1-3), were isolated from the white flowers of Impatiens balsamina. The structures of these phytochemical constituents (1-3) were elucidated through 1D and 2D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Mass Spectrometry (MS) data analyses followed by chemical methods. All the characterized compounds (1-3) were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against four human tumor cell lines (A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, and BT549) and their anti-neuroinflammatory activity on the basis of inhibition levels of nitric oxide (NO) in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine microglia BV-2 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hyun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (T.H.L.); (W.S.S.); (K.R.L.)
| | - Won Se Suh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (T.H.L.); (W.S.S.); (K.R.L.)
| | - Lalita Subedi
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea; (L.S.); (S.Y.K.)
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea; (L.S.); (S.Y.K.)
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea
| | - Sang Un Choi
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea;
| | - Kang Ro Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (T.H.L.); (W.S.S.); (K.R.L.)
| | - Chung Sub Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (T.H.L.); (W.S.S.); (K.R.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-290-7727
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26
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Yang WC, Zhang YY, Li YJ, Nie YY, Liang JY, Liu YY, Liu JS, Zhang YP, Song C, Qian ZJ, Zhang Y. Chemical Composition and Anti-Alzheimer's Disease-Related Activities of a Functional Oil from the Edible Seaweed Hizikia fusiforme. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000055. [PMID: 32419273 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cholinergic disorder, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation play important roles in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. To explore the healthy potential of the edible seaweed Hizikia fusiforme on this aspect, a functional oil (HFFO) was extracted from this alga and investigated on its constituents by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in this study. Its anti-Alzheimer's related bioactivities including acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, antioxidation, and anti-neuroinflammation were evaluated, traced, and simulated by in vitro and in silico methods. GC/MS analysis indicated that HFFO mainly contained arachidonic acid (ARA), 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid (ETrA), palmitic acid, phytol, etc. HFFO showed moderate AChE inhibition and antioxidant activity. Bioactivity tracing using commercial standards verified that AChE inhibition of HFFO mainly originated from ARA and ETrA, whereas antioxidant activity mainly from ARA. Lineweaver-Burk plots showed that both ARA and ETrA are noncompetitive AChE inhibitors. A molecular docking study demonstrated low CDOCKER interaction energy of -26.33 kcal/mol for ARA and -43.70 kcal/mol for ETrA when interacting with AChE and multiple interactions in the ARA (or ETrA)-AChE complex. In the anti-neuroinflammatory evaluation, HFFO showed no toxicity toward BV-2 cells at 20 μg/mL and effectively inhibited the production of nitroxide and reduced the level of reactive oxygen species in lipopolysaccharide-induced BV-2 cells. The results indicated that HFFO could be used in functional foods for its anti-Alzheimer's disease-related activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Cong Yang
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Juan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Ying Nie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Yue Liang
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Yue Liu
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Shan Liu
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Ping Zhang
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Cai Song
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Ji Qian
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China
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27
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Park BK, Kim NS, Kim YR, Yang C, Jung IC, Jang IS, Seo CS, Choi JJ, Lee MY. Antidepressant and Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects of Bangpungtongsung-San. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:958. [PMID: 32754030 PMCID: PMC7366903 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bangpungtongsung-san (BTS) is a traditional Korean medicine consisting of 18 herbs, some which have antidepressant effects. Here, we used an animal model of reserpine-induced depression and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia to assess the antidepressant and anti-neuroinflammatory effects of BTS. Aside from a control group, C57BL/6 mice were administered reserpine (0.5 mg/kg) daily for 10 days via intraperitoneal injection. BTS (100, 300, or 500 mg/kg), vehicle (PBS), or fluoxetine (FXT, 20 mg/kg) was administered orally 1 h before reserpine treatment. Following treatment, a forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), and open field test (OFT) were performed, and immobility time and total travel distance were measured. Administration of BTS not only reduced immobility time in the FST and TST but also significantly increased the total travel distance in the OFT. Furthermore, reserpine-treated mice showed significantly elevated serum levels of corticosterone, a stress hormone; however, treatment with BTS significantly reduced corticosterone levels, similar to FXT treatment. Serotonin in reserpine-treated mice was significantly reduced compared to that in control mice, while BTS mice exhibited increased serotonin levels. BTS mice showed increased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and a higher ratio of phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB) to CREB (p-CREB/CREB) in the hippocampus. Additionally, reserpine-treated mice exhibited significantly elevated mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, but BTS mice showed reduced mRNA levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the hippocampus. To further demonstrate the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of BTS in vitro, we examined its anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia. BTS significantly reduced the levels of NO, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner via a decrease in the expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65. Furthermore, the neuroprotective factor heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was upregulated via the nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2)/CREB pathway. Taken together, our data suggest that BTS has considerable potential as an anti-neuroinflammation and antidepressant agent, as it has clear effects on depressive behaviors and associated factors caused by reserpine-induced depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Kyung Park
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - No Soo Kim
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yu Ri Kim
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Changsop Yang
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - In Chul Jung
- Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ik-Soon Jang
- Division of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chang-Seob Seo
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jeong June Choi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Mi Young Lee
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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28
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Liu YC, Feng N, Li WW, Tu PF, Chen JP, Han JY, Zeng KW. Costunolide Plays an Anti-Neuroinflammation Role in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced BV2 Microglial Activation by Targeting Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122840. [PMID: 32575562 PMCID: PMC7355650 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivation of microglia in the brain is closely related to neuroinflammation and leads to neuronal dysfunction. Costunolide (CTL) is a natural sesquiterpene lactone with wide pharmacological activities including anti-inflammation and antioxidation. In this study, we found that CTL significantly inhibited the production of inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide, IL-6, TNF-α, and PGE2 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia. Moreover, CTL effectively attenuated IKKβ/NF-κB signaling pathway activation. To identify direct cellular target of CTL, we performed high-throughput reverse virtual screening assay using scPDB protein structure library, and found cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) was the most specific binding protein for CTL. We further confirmed the binding ability of CTL with CDK2 using cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) assays. Surface plasmon resonance analysis also supported that CTL specifically bound to CDK2 with a dissociation constant at micromole level. Furthermore, knocking down CDK2 obviously reversed the anti-inflammation effect of CTL via AKT/IKKβ/NF-κB signaling pathway on BV-2 cells. Collectively, these results indicate that CTL inhibits microglia-mediated neuroinflammation through directly targeting CDK2, and provide insights into the role of CDK2 as a promising anti-neuroinflammation therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Chen Liu
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (N.F.); (P.-F.T.)
- Integrated Laboratory of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China;
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Na Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (N.F.); (P.-F.T.)
| | - Wei-Wei Li
- Integrated Laboratory of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China;
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (N.F.); (P.-F.T.)
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence: (J.-Y.H.); (K.-W.Z.)
| | - Ke-Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (N.F.); (P.-F.T.)
- Integrated Laboratory of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China;
- Correspondence: (J.-Y.H.); (K.-W.Z.)
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29
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Hsu WH, Shiao YJ, Chao YM, Huang YJ, Lin YL. T1-11, an adenosine derivative, ameliorates aging-related behavioral physiology and senescence markers in aging mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:10556-77. [PMID: 32501291 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a natural human process. It is uniquely individual, taking into account experiences, lifestyle habits and environmental factors. However, many disorders and syndromes, such as osteoporosis, neurodegenerative disorders, cognitive decline etc., often come with aging. The present study was designed to investigate the possible anti-aging effect of N6-(4-hydroxybenzyl)adenine riboside (T1-11), an adenosine analog isolated from Gastrodia elata, in a mouse model of aging created by D-galactose (D-gal) and the underlying mechanism, as well as explore the role of adenosine signaling in aging. T1-11 activated A2AR and suppressed D-gal- and BeSO4-induced cellular senescence in vitro. In vivo results in mice revealed that T1-11 abated D-gal-induced reactive oxygen species generation and ameliorated cognitive decline by inducing neurogenesis and lowering D-gal-caused neuron death. T1-11 could be a potent agent for postponing senility and preventing aging-related neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
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Ha TM, Kim DC, Sohn JH, Yim JH, Oh H. Anti-Inflammatory and Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibitory Metabolites from the Antarctic Marine-Derived Fungal Strain Penicillium glabrum SF-7123. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E247. [PMID: 32397523 DOI: 10.3390/md18050247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A chemical investigation of the marine-derived fungal strain Penicillium glabrum (SF-7123) revealed a new citromycetin (polyketide) derivative (1) and four known secondary fungal metabolites, i.e, neuchromenin (2), asterric acid (3), myxotrichin C (4), and deoxyfunicone (5). The structures of these metabolites were identified primarily by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data, including NMR and MS data. Results from the initial screening of anti-inflammatory effects showed that 2, 4, and 5 possessed inhibitory activity against the excessive production of nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells, with IC50 values of 2.7 µM, 28.1 µM, and 10.6 µM, respectively. Compounds 2, 4, and 5 also inhibited the excessive production of NO, with IC50 values of 4.7 µM, 41.5 µM, and 40.1 µM, respectively, in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. In addition, these compounds inhibited LPS-induced overproduction of prostaglandin E2 in both cellular models. Further investigation of the most active compound (2) revealed that these anti-inflammatory effects were associated with a suppressive effect on the over-expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. Finally, we showed that the anti-inflammatory effects of compound 2 were mediated via the downregulation of inflammation-related pathways such as those dependent on nuclear factor kappa B and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in LPS-stimulated BV2 and RAW264.7 cells. In the evaluation of the inhibitory effects of the isolated compounds on protein tyrosine phosphate 1B (PTP1B) activity, compound 4 was identified as a noncompetitive inhibitor of PTP1B, with an IC50 value of 19.2 µM, and compound 5 was shown to inhibit the activity of PTP1B, with an IC50 value of 24.3 µM, by binding to the active site of the enzyme. Taken together, this study demonstrates the potential value of marine-derived fungal isolates as a bioresource for bioactive compounds.
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de Almeida MMA, Souza CDS, Dourado NS, da Silva AB, Ferreira RS, David JM, David JP, Costa MFD, da Silva VDA, Butt AM, Costa SL. Phytoestrogen Agathisflavone Ameliorates Neuroinflammation-Induced by LPS and IL-1β and Protects Neurons in Cocultures of Glia/Neurons. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E562. [PMID: 32272581 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress are common aspects of most neurodegenerative diseases in the central nervous system. In this context, microglia and astrocytes are central to mediating the balance between neuroprotective and neurodestructive mechanisms. Flavonoids have potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Here, we have examined the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective potential of the flavonoid agathisflavone (FAB), which is derived from the Brazilian plant Poincianella pyramidalis, in in vitro models of neuroinflammation. Cocultures of neurons/glial cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 µg/mL) or interleukin (IL)-1β (10 ng/mL) for 24 h and treated with FAB (0.1 and 1 µM, 24 h). FAB displayed a significant neuroprotective effect, as measured by nitric oxide (NO) production, Fluoro-Jade B (FJ-B) staining, and immunocytochemistry (ICC) for the neuronal marker β-tubulin and the cell death marker caspase-3, preserving neuronal soma and increasing neurite outgrowth. FAB significantly decreased the LPS-induced microglial proliferation, identified by ICC for Iba-1/bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and CD68 (microglia M1 profile marker). In contrast, FAB had no apparent effect on astrocytes, as determined by ICC for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Furthermore, FAB protected against the cytodestructive and proinflammatory effects of IL-1β, a key cytokine that is released by activated microglia and astrocytes, and ICC showed that combined treatment of FAB with α and β estrogen receptor antagonists did not affect NF-κB expression. In addition, qPCR analysis demonstrated that FAB decreased the expression of proinflammatory molecules TNF-α, IL-1β, and connexins CCL5 and CCL2, as well as increased the expression of the regulatory molecule IL-10. Together, these findings indicate that FAB has a significant neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effect in vitro, which may be considered as an adjuvant for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Zhang L, Zhang J, Jiang X, Yang L, Zhang Q, Wang B, Cui L, Wang X. Hydroxytyrosol Inhibits LPS-Induced Neuroinflammatory Responses via Suppression of TLR-4-Mediated NF-κB P65 Activation and ERK Signaling Pathway. Neuroscience 2019; 426:189-200. [PMID: 31866556 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation has been implicated in the mechanism underlying the progression of neurodegeneration and infectious neuropathology. Growing evidence suggest that hydroxytyrosol (3,4-dihydroxyphenil-ethanol, HT), one of the main polyphenols presented in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), has shown potential anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. However, the potential anti-neuroinflammation activity and underlying mechanism of HT remain poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of HT on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in both in vitro and in vivo models and the associated molecular mechanism. Our results revealed that HT significantly reduced the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in BV2 microglia and primary microglia cells. Phenotypic analysis showed that HT significantly reduced M1 marker CD86 expression and increased M2 marker CD206 expression. In addition, HT significantly decreased the levels of phospho-NF-κB p65 and phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, HT suppressed the LPS-induced Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) in BV2 microglia. In vivo administration of HT following LPS injection significantly reduced some proinflammatory mediator levels and microglia/astrocyte activation in the brain. Together, these results suggest that HT suppressed the LPS-induced neuroinflammatory responses via modulation of microglia M1/M2 polarization and downregulation of TLR-4 mediated NF-κB activation and ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanqiu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China.
| | - Jinlu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Xiaolin Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Botao Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Lihua Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Ximo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China.
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Jeong YH, Li W, Go Y, Oh YC. Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba Attenuates Neuroinflammation in BV2 Microglia upon LPS Stimulation by Inducing HO-1 Activity and Inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4015. [PMID: 31426492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglial activation and the resulting neuroinflammation are associated with a variety of brain diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Thus, the control of microglial activation is an important factor in the development of drugs that can treat or prevent inflammation-related neurodegenerative disorders. Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba (ARA) has been reported to exhibit antioxidant, gastroprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of ARA ethanolic extract (ARAE) on microglia-mediated neuroinflammation have not been fully elucidated. In this work, we explored the anti-neuroinflammatory properties and underlying molecular mechanisms of ARAE in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated microglial BV2 cells. Our results showed that ARAE significantly attenuates the production of nitric oxide (NO) and inflammatory cytokines induced by LPS. ARAE treatment also inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 without causing cytotoxicity. ARAE markedly attenuated the transcriptional activities of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) phosphorylation, and induced heme oxygenase (HO)-1 expression. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that ARAE contains three main components—atractylenolide I, atractylenolide III, and atractylodin—all compounds that significantly inhibit the production of inflammatory factors. These findings indicate that ARAE may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammation-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Yu H, Hou Z, Yang X, Mou Y, Guo C. Design, Synthesis, and Mechanism of Dihydroartemisinin⁻Coumarin Hybrids as Potential Anti-Neuroinflammatory Agents. Molecules 2019; 24:E1672. [PMID: 31035404 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer patients frequently suffer from cancer-related fatigue (CRF), which is a complex syndrome associated with weakness and depressed mood. Neuroinflammation is one of the major inducers of CRF. The aim of this study is to find a potential agent not only on the treatment of cancer, but also for reducing CRF level of cancer patients. In this study, total-thirty new Dihydroartemisinin-Coumarin hybrids (DCH) were designed and synthesized. The in vitro cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines (HT-29, MDA-MB-231, HCT-116, and A549) was evaluated. Simultaneously, we also tested the anti-neuroinflammatory activity of DCH. DCH could inhibit the activated microglia N9 release of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6. The docking analysis was shown that MD-2, the coreceptor of TLR4, might be one of the targets of DCH.
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Yoon CS, Kim DC, Park JS, Kim KW, Kim YC, Oh H. Isolation of Novel Sesquiterpeniods and Anti-neuroinflammatory Metabolites from Nardostachys jatamansi. Molecules 2018; 23:E2367. [PMID: 30227591 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nardostachys jatamansi contains various types of sesquiterpenoids that may play an important role in the potency of plant's anti-inflammatory effects, depending on their structure. In this study, five new sesquiterpenoids, namely kanshone L (1), kanshone M (2), 7-methoxydesoxo-narchinol (3), kanshone N (4), and nardosdaucanol (5), were isolated along with four known terpenoids (kanshone D (6), nardosinanone G (7), narchinol A (8), and nardoaristolone B (9)) from the rhizomes and roots of Nardostachys jatamansi. Their structures were determined by analyzing 1D and 2D NMR and MS data. Among the nine sesquiterpenoids, compounds 3, 4, and 8 were shown to possess dose-dependent inhibitory effects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production in BV2 microglial cells. Furthermore, compounds 3, 4, and 8 exhibited anti-neuroinflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, including prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) proteins, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Moreover, these compounds were shown to inhibit the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells by suppressing the phosphorylation of IκB-α and blocking NF-κB translocation. In conclusion, five new and four known sesquiterpenoids were isolated from Nardostachys jatamansi, and compounds 3, 4, and 8 exhibited anti-neuroinflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells through inhibiting of NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Zhao Y, Zeng Y, Wu A, Yu C, Tang Y, Wang X, Xiong R, Chen H, Wu J, Qin D. Lychee Seed Fraction Inhibits Aβ(1-42)-Induced Neuroinflammation in BV-2 Cells via NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:380. [PMID: 29740316 PMCID: PMC5925968 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous studies, an active fraction derived from lychee seed could inhibit β-amyloid-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells and neurons. The primarily microglia cells are recognized as the brain’s resident macrophages and thought to remodel of the brain by removing presumably redundant, apoptotic neurons. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the anti-neuroinflammation effect of lychee seed fraction (LSF) in Aβ(1-42)-induced BV-2 cells and the underlying mechanism. The morphology results displayed that LSF could improve the status of Aβ(1-42)-induced BV-2 cells. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-time PCR, and Western blotting results showed that LSF could significantly reduce the release, mRNA levels, and protein expressions of the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in Aβ(1-42)-induced BV-2 cells, which were downregulated through suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, LSF could upregulate Bcl-2 and downregulate Bax, Caspase-3, and cleaved-PARP protein expressions. Taken together, our results first demonstrated that LSF could suppress the inflammatory response via inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway, and inhibit apoptosis in Aβ(1-42)-induced BV-2 cells. Our findings further prove that LSF as a potential drug may be used for treating AD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zhao
- Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Anguo Wu
- Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chonglin Yu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiuling Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Haixia Chen
- Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianming Wu
- Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Dalian Qin
- Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Khalilpour S, Behnammanesh G, Suede F, Ezzat MO, Muniandy J, Tabana Y, Ahamed MK, Tamayol A, Majid AMS, Sangiovanni E, Dell'Agli M, Majid AS. Neuroprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Rhus coriaria Extract in a Mouse Model of Ischemic Optic Neuropathy. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6020048. [PMID: 29690612 PMCID: PMC6027176 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulating oxidative stresses and inflammation can potentially prevent or alleviate the pathological conditions of diseases associated with the nervous system, including ischemic optic neuropathy. In this study we evaluated the anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective activities of Rhus coriaria (R. coriaria) extract in vivo. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for DPPH, ABTS and β⁻carotene were 6.79 ± 0.009 µg/mL, 10.94 ± 0.09 µg/mL, and 6.25 ± 0.06 µg/mL, respectively. Retinal ischemia was induced by optic nerve crush injury in albino Balb/c mice. The anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of R. coriaria (ERC) and linoleic acid (LA) on ocular ischemia was monitored using Fluorescence Molecular Tomography (FMT). Following optic nerve crush injury, the mice treated with 400 mg/kg of ERC and LA exhibited an 84.87% and 86.71% reduction of fluorescent signal (cathepsin activity) respectively. The results of this study provide strong scientific evidence for the neuroprotective activity of the ERC, identifying LA as one of the main components responsible for the effect. ERC may be useful and worthy of further development for its adjunctive utilization in the treatment of optic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Khalilpour
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti, 9-20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Ghazaleh Behnammanesh
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
| | - Fouad Suede
- EMAN Biodiscoveries Sdn. Bhd., Suite 126, Level 1, EUREKA Complex, University of Science Malaysia (USM), Minden Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Mohammed O Ezzat
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Minden Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Jayadhisan Muniandy
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Minden Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Yasser Tabana
- EMAN Biodiscoveries Sdn. Bhd., Suite 126, Level 1, EUREKA Complex, University of Science Malaysia (USM), Minden Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
| | - Mohamed Khadeer Ahamed
- EMAN Biodiscoveries Sdn. Bhd., Suite 126, Level 1, EUREKA Complex, University of Science Malaysia (USM), Minden Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincol, NE 68508, USA.
| | - Amin Malik Shah Majid
- EMAN Biodiscoveries Sdn. Bhd., Suite 126, Level 1, EUREKA Complex, University of Science Malaysia (USM), Minden Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Minden Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia.
| | - Enrico Sangiovanni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti, 9-20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Mario Dell'Agli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti, 9-20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Aman Shah Majid
- EMAN Biodiscoveries Sdn. Bhd., Suite 126, Level 1, EUREKA Complex, University of Science Malaysia (USM), Minden Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
- Centre for Natural Product and Angiogenesis Research/Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Quest International University, Ipoh 30250, Malaysia.
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Park SY, Choi MH, Li M, Li K, Park G, Choi YW. AMPK/Nrf2 signaling is involved in the anti-neuroinflammatory action of Petatewalide B from Petasites japonicus against lipopolysaccharides in microglia. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2018; 40:232-241. [PMID: 29433360 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2018.1434791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Abnormal microglia secrete neuroinflammatory factors that play a pivotal role in neurodegenerative-disorder development. Thus, regulating abnormal microglia-activation could be a promising therapeutic strategy. The purposes of this study included investigating the effect of Petatewalide B on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated microglia and exploring the role of the AMPK/Nrf2- (adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) signaling pathway in the anti-neuroinflammatory function of Petatewalide B. METHODS We divided the microglia into four groups: a control group, a Petatewalide B-treated group, an LPS-treated group, and an LPS and Petatewalide B-treated group. The four groups of microglia were experimented with, using the NO, ELISA, and promoter assays, and western blotting was conducted to determine LPS-stimulated neuroinflammatory responses. RESULTS We found that pretreatment with Petatewalide B strongly alleviates interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, and tumor-necrosis-factor-α (TNF-α) production, and suppresses iNOS and nitric oxide (NO) overexpression in LPS-stimulated microglia. The AMPK/Nrf2-signaling pathway is important for inducing anti-neuroinflammatory responses. Mechanistic studies report that Petatewalide B increases nuclear-Nrf2 translocation, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) expression in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, Petatewalide B significantly up-regulates HO-1 and NQO1 by specifically improving antioxidant-response-elements-transcription activity. We then investigated whether Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 contribute to the anti-neuroinflammatory properties of Petatewalide B. Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 small-integrating-ribonucleic-acids (siRNAs) significantly blocked Petatewalide B-attenuated iNOS-promoter-activity in LPS-stimulated microglia. Furthermore, Petatewalide B also up-regulated AMPK-phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner. We next evaluated whether blocking AMPK-phosphorylation using an inhibitor (compound C) would critically affect anti-neuroinflammatory responses. We found that the AMPK-phosphorylation is associated with nuclear-Nrf2 translocation and elevated HO-1 and NQO1 expression levels. Our data also showed that AMPK-inhibitor pretreatment significantly reverses Petatewalide B-attenuated iNOS-promoter-activity in LPS-stimulated microglia. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide the possible mechanism of the anti-neuroinflammatory properties of Petatewalide B that result from beneficial responses in the AMPK/Nrf2-signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Park
- a Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan , Korea
| | - Min Hyun Choi
- b Department of Horticultural Bioscience , Pusan National University , Myrang , Korea
| | - Mei Li
- b Department of Horticultural Bioscience , Pusan National University , Myrang , Korea
| | - Ke Li
- b Department of Horticultural Bioscience , Pusan National University , Myrang , Korea
| | - Geuntae Park
- c Department of Nanomaterials Engineering , Pusan National University , Busan , Korea
| | - Young-Whan Choi
- b Department of Horticultural Bioscience , Pusan National University , Myrang , Korea
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Hu CL, Xiong J, Xiao CX, Tang Y, Ma GL, Wan J, Hu JF. Anti-neuroinflammatory diterpenoids from the endangered conifer Podocarpus imbricatus. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2018; 20:101-108. [PMID: 28470116 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1319821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ten diterpenoids including three new abietanes (1-3) were isolated from the twigs and needles of Podocarpus imbricatus, an endangered conifer growing in a Cantonese garden. The new structures were established by means of spectroscopic methods. Among the isolates, 3β-hydroxy-abieta-8,11,13-trien-7-one (5), decandrin G (6), and 7,15-pimaradien-18-oic acid (8) showed significant anti-neuroinflammatory activities by inhibiting the overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine BV-2 microglial cells, with IC50 values of 3.7, 11.1, and 4.5 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ling Hu
- a Department of Natural Products Chemistry , School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Juan Xiong
- a Department of Natural Products Chemistry , School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Chen-Xi Xiao
- b Department of Pharmacology , School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Yu Tang
- a Department of Natural Products Chemistry , School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Guang-Lei Ma
- a Department of Natural Products Chemistry , School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Jiang Wan
- a Department of Natural Products Chemistry , School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Jin-Feng Hu
- a Department of Natural Products Chemistry , School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
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Lin CH, Wu SH, Lee SS, Lin YN, Kuo YR, Chai CY, Huang SH. Autologous Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Reduce Burn-Induced Neuropathic Pain in a Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:E34. [PMID: 29271925 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Burn scar pain is considered as neuropathic pain. The anti-inflammation and anti-neuroinflammation effects of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) were observed in several studies. We designed a study using a murine model involving the transplantation of autologous ASCs in rats subjected to burn injuries. The aim was to detect the anti-neuroinflammation effect of ASC transplantation and clarify the relationships between ASCs, scar pain, apoptosis and autophagy. Methods: We randomized 24 rats into 4 groups as followings: Group A and B, received saline injections and autologous transplantation of ASCs 4 weeks after sham burn, respectively; Group C and D, received saline injections and autologous transplantation 4 weeks after burn injuries. A designed behavior test was applied for pain evaluation. Skin tissues and dorsal horn of lumbar spinal cords were removed for biochemical analysis. Results: ASC transplantation significantly restored the mechanical threshold reduced by burn injury. It also attenuated local inflammation and central neuroinflammation and ameliorated apoptosis and autophagy in the spinal cord after the burn injury. Conclusion: In a rat model, autologous ASC subcutaneous transplantation in post-burn scars elicited anti-neuroinflammation effects locally and in the spinal cord that might be related to the relief of post-burn neuropathic pain and attenuated cell apoptosis. Thus, ASC transplantation post-burn scars shows the potential promising clinical benefits.
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Zhou ZZ, Cheng YF, Zou ZQ, Ge BC, Yu H, Huang C, Wang HT, Yang XM, Xu JP. Discovery of N-Alkyl Catecholamides as Selective Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors with Anti-neuroinflammation Potential Exhibiting Antidepressant-like Effects at Non-emetic Doses. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:135-146. [PMID: 27690383 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression involving neuroinflammation is one of the most common disabling and life-threatening psychiatric disorders. Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors produce potent antidepressant-like and cognition-enhancing effects. However, their clinical utility is limited by their major side effect of emesis. To obtain more selective PDE4 inhibitors with antidepressant and anti-neuroinflammation potential and less emesis, we designed and synthesized a series of N-alkyl catecholamides by modifying the 4-methoxybenzyl group of our hit compound, FCPE07, with an alkyl side chain. Among these compounds, 10 compounds displayed submicromolar IC50 values in the mid- to low-nanomolar range. Moreover, 4-difluoromethoxybenzamides 10g and 10j, bearing isopropyl groups, exhibited the highest PDE4 inhibitory activities, with IC50 values in the low-nanomolar range and with higher selectivities for PDE4 (approximately 5000-fold and 2100-fold over other PDEs, respectively). Furthermore, compound 10j displayed anti-neuroinflammation potential, promising antidepressant-like effects, and a zero incidence rate of emesis at 0.8 mg/kg within 180 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Zhen Zhou
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Novel
Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yu-Fang Cheng
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Novel
Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zheng-Qiang Zou
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Novel
Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bing-Chen Ge
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Novel
Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Novel
Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Cang Huang
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Novel
Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hai-Tao Wang
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Novel
Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xue-Mei Yang
- Hygiene
Detection Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiang-Ping Xu
- Department of Neuropharmacology and Novel
Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Kim JW, Seo JY, Oh WK, Sung SH. Anti-Neuroinflammatory ent-Kaurane Diterpenoids from Pteris multifida Roots. Molecules 2016; 22:molecules22010027. [PMID: 28035965 PMCID: PMC6155576 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated microglia are known to be a major source of cellular neuroinflammation which causes various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. In our continuing efforts to search for new bioactive phytochemicals against neuroinflammatory diseases, the 80% methanolic extract of Pteris multifida (Pteridaceae) roots was found to exhibit significant NO inhibitory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated BV-2 microglia cells. Three new ent-kaurane diterpenoids, pterokaurane M1 2-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (4), 2β,16α-dihydroxy-ent-kaurane 2,16-di-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (10), and 2β,16α,17-trihydroxy-ent-kaurane 2-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (12), were isolated along with nine other known compounds from P. multifida roots. The chemical structures of the new compounds were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and CD spectroscopic data analysis. Among the isolates, compounds 1 and 7 significantly inhibited NO production in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells reducing the expression of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein and the level of pro-inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. These results suggest that ent-kaurane diterpenes from P. multifida could be potential lead compounds that act as anti-neuroinflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Wha Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Ji Yeon Seo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Won Keun Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Sang Hyun Sung
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Wang LJ, Xiong J, Lau C, Pan LL, Hu JF. Sesquiterpenoids and further diterpenoids from the rare Chloranthaceae plant Chloranthus sessilifolius. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2015; 17:1220-1230. [PMID: 26652052 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2015.1118622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Two new dimeric lindenane-type sesquiterpenoids (1 and 2, named chlorasessilifols A and B, resp.), one new ent-podocarpane-type C17 norditerpenoid (3), and one new ent-torarane-type diterpenoid (4), along with seven known terpenoids, were isolated from the whole plant of Chloranthus sessilifolius. The new structures were established by means of spectroscopic methods and/or observed cotton effects in the circular dichroism spectra. Among the isolates, 3α,7β-dihydroxy-ent-abieta-8,11,13-triene (11) exhibited significant anti-neuroinflammatory activity by inhibiting the nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine BV-2 microglial cells, with an IC50 value of 4.3 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Wang
- a School of Pharmacy, Department of Natural Products Chemistry , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Juan Xiong
- a School of Pharmacy, Department of Natural Products Chemistry , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Choiwan Lau
- b School of Pharmacy, Instrumental Analysis Center , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Li-Long Pan
- c School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Jin-Feng Hu
- a School of Pharmacy, Department of Natural Products Chemistry , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , China
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