1
|
Heino S, Fang S, Lähde M, Högström J, Nassiri S, Campbell A, Flanagan D, Raven A, Hodder M, Nasreddin N, Xue HH, Delorenzi M, Leedham S, Petrova TV, Sansom O, Alitalo K. Lef1 restricts ectopic crypt formation and tumor cell growth in intestinal adenomas. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj0512. [PMID: 34788095 PMCID: PMC8598008 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj0512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Somatic mutations in APC or CTNNB1 genes lead to aberrant Wnt signaling and colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation and progression via-catenin–T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer binding factor TCF/LEF transcription factors. We found that Lef1 was expressed exclusively in Apc-mutant, Wnt ligand–independent tumors, but not in ligand-dependent, serrated tumors. To analyze Lef1 function in tumor development, we conditionally deleted Lef1 in intestinal stem cells of Apcfl/fl mice or broadly from the entire intestinal epithelium of Apcfl/fl or ApcMin/+ mice. Loss of Lef1 markedly increased tumor initiation and tumor cell proliferation, reduced the expression of several Wnt antagonists, and increased Myc proto-oncogene expression and formation of ectopic crypts in Apc-mutant adenomas. Our results uncover a previously unknown negative feedback mechanism in CRC, in which ectopic Lef1 expression suppresses intestinal tumorigenesis by restricting adenoma cell dedifferentiation to a crypt-progenitor phenotype and by reducing the formation of cancer stem cell niches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarika Heino
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program (CAN-PRO), iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship and Wihuri Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, HiLIFE-Helsinki Institute of Life Science, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shentong Fang
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program (CAN-PRO), iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship and Wihuri Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, HiLIFE-Helsinki Institute of Life Science, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Marianne Lähde
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program (CAN-PRO), iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship and Wihuri Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, HiLIFE-Helsinki Institute of Life Science, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenny Högström
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program (CAN-PRO), iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship and Wihuri Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, HiLIFE-Helsinki Institute of Life Science, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sina Nassiri
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Campbell
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Dustin Flanagan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Alexander Raven
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Michael Hodder
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Nadia Nasreddin
- Intestinal Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Hai-Hui Xue
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Mauro Delorenzi
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and CHUV, Epalinges, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Simon Leedham
- Intestinal Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Tatiana V. Petrova
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and CHUV, Epalinges, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Owen Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program (CAN-PRO), iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship and Wihuri Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, HiLIFE-Helsinki Institute of Life Science, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Colorectal Serrated Neoplasia: An Institutional 12-Year Review Highlights the Impact of a Screening Programme. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019; 2019:1592306. [PMID: 30881445 PMCID: PMC6381559 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1592306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As the malignant potential of sessile serrated lesions/polyps (SSL/Ps) and traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs) has been clearly demonstrated, it is important that serrated polyps are identified and correctly classified histologically. Aim Our aim was to characterize the clinicopathological features of a series of SSL/Ps & TSAs, to assess the accuracy of the pathological diagnosis, the incidence, and the rate of dysplasia in SSL/Ps & TSAs. Methods We identified all colorectal serrated polyps between 01/01/2004 and 31/05/2016, by searching the laboratory information system for all cases assigned a “serrated adenoma” SNOMED code. All available and suitable slides were reviewed by one pathologist, who was blinded to the original diagnosis and the site of the polyp. Subsequently discordant cases, SSL/Ps with dysplasia, and all TSAs were reviewed by a second pathologist. Results Over a 149-month period, 759 “serrated adenoma” polyps were identified, with 664 (from 523 patients) available for review. 41.1% were reviewed by both pathologists; 15.1% (100/664) were reclassified, with the majority being changed from SSL/P to hyperplastic polyp (HYP) (66/664; 9.9%). 80.3% of these HYPs were located in the left colon, and the majority exhibited prolapse effect. There were 520 SSL/Ps (92.2%) & 40 TSAs (7.1%). The majority of SSL/Ps were in the right colon (86.7%) and were small (64.5% <1 cm), while most TSAs were in the left colon (85.7%) and were large (73.1%≥1 cm). 6.7% of SSL/Ps exhibited dysplasia, the majority of which were large (66.7%≥1 cm). Following consensus review, 13/520 (2.5%) SSL/Ps were downgraded from SSL/P with dysplasia to SSL/P without dysplasia. Detection of SSL/Ps peaked in the most recent years reviewed (87.5% reported between 2013 and 2016, inclusive), coinciding with the introduction of “BowelScreen” (the Irish FIT-based colorectal cancer screening programme). Conclusions Awareness of, and adherence to, diagnostic criteria is essential for accurate classification of colorectal polyps.
Collapse
|
3
|
Horiuchi Y, Lin J, Shinojima Y, Fujiwara K, Moriyama M, Nagase H. Characterizing key nucleotide polymorphisms of hepatitis C virus-disease associations via mass-spectrometric genotyping. Int J Oncol 2017; 52:441-452. [PMID: 29207078 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
As more than 80% of hepatocellular carcinoma patients in Japan also suffer from hepatitis C virus infections some time in their medical history, identifying genetic aberrations associated to hepatitis C virulence in these individuals remains a high priority in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. From the BioBank Japan Project, we acquired 480 subjects of hepatocellular carcinoma, chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, and genotyped 131 clinically relevant host single nucleotide polymorphisms to survey the potential association between certain risk alleles and genes to a patient's predisposition to hepatitis C and liver cancer. Among those polymorphisms, we found 12 candidates with statistical significance to support association with hepatitis C virus susceptibility and genetic predisposition to hepatocellular carcinoma. SNPs in genes such as XPC, FANCA, KDR and BRCA2 also suggested likely connections between hepatitis C virus susceptibility and the contraction of liver diseases. Single nucleotide polymorphisms reported here provided suggestions for genes as biomarkers and elucidated insights briefing the linkage of hepatitis C virulence to the alteration of healthy liver genomic landscape as well as liver disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Horiuchi
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Jason Lin
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | - Yui Shinojima
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Kyoko Fujiwara
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Moriyama
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nagase
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chetty R. Traditional serrated adenoma (TSA): morphological questions, queries and quandaries. J Clin Pathol 2015; 69:6-11. [PMID: 26553935 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM Traditional serrated adenoma (TSA) is an uncommon type of serrated adenoma that can be a precursor to biologically aggressive colorectal cancer that invokes the serrated (accelerated) pathway. The purpose of this review is to address some of the more contentious issues around nomenclature, diagnostic criteria, histological variants, coexistence with other polyp types, the occurrence of dysplasia and the differential diagnosis. RESULTS While the vast majority of TSAs are exophytic villiform polyps composed of deeply eosinophilic cells, flat top luminal serrations and numerous ectopic crypt foci, histological variants include flat TSA, filiform TSA and one composed of large numbers of mucin-containing cells. It is unlikely that there is any biological difference between the histological variants. There is a contention that TSAs are not dysplastic ab initio and that the majority do not show cytological atypia. Two types of dysplasia are associated with TSA. Serrated dysplasia is less well recognised and less commonly encountered than adenomatous dysplasia. TSA with dysplasia must be separated from TSA with coexisting conventional adenoma. CONCLUSIONS TSA is a characteristic polyp that may be extremely exophytic, flat or composed of mucin-rich cells and is typified by numerous ectopic crypt foci. They may coexist with other serrated polyps and conventional adenomas. Approximately 20-25% will be accompanied by adenomatous dysplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runjan Chetty
- Laboratory Medicine Program, Department of Pathology, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|