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Ye S, Chin WC, Ni CW. A multi-depth spiral milli fluidic device for whole mount zebrafish antibody staining. Biomed Microdevices 2023; 25:30. [PMID: 37581716 PMCID: PMC10427545 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-023-00670-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Whole mount zebrafish antibody staining (ABS) is a common staining technique used to localize protein information in a zebrafish embryo or larva. Like most biological assays, the whole mount zebrafish ABS is still largely conducted manually through labor intensive and time-consuming steps which affect both consistency and throughput of the assay. In this work, we develop a milli fluidic device that can automatically trap and immobilize the fixed chorion-less zebrafish embryos for the whole mount ABS. With just a single loading step, the zebrafish embryos can be trapped by the milli fluidic device through a chaotic hydrodynamic trapping process. Moreover, a consistent body orientation (i.e., head point inward) for the trapped zebrafish embryos can be achieved without additional orientation adjustment device. Furthermore, we employed a consumer-grade SLA 3D printer assisted method for device prototyping which is ideal for labs with limited budgets. Notably, the milli fluidic device has enabled the optimization and successful implementation of whole mount zebrafish Caspase-3 ABS. We demonstrated our device can accelerate the overall procedure by reducing at least 50% of washing time in the standard well-plate-based manual procedure. Also, the consistency is improved, and manual steps are reduced using the milli fluidic device. This work fills the gap in the milli fluidic application for whole mount zebrafish immunohistochemistry. We hope the device can be accepted by the zebrafish community and be used for other types of whole mount zebrafish ABS procedures or expanded to more complicated in situ hybridization (ISH) procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Ye
- Quantitative and Systems Biology, University of California Merced, Merced, US
| | - Wei-Chun Chin
- Quantitative and Systems Biology, University of California Merced, Merced, US.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Merced, Merced, US.
| | - Chih-Wen Ni
- Quantitative and Systems Biology, University of California Merced, Merced, US
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Merced, Merced, US
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2
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Draz MS, Dupouy D, Gijs MAM. Acoustofluidic large-scale mixing for enhanced microfluidic immunostaining for tissue diagnostics. LAB ON A CHIP 2023. [PMID: 37365861 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00312d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The usage of microfluidics for automated and fast immunoassays has gained a lot of interest in the last decades. This integration comes with certain challenges, like the reconciliation of laminar flow patterns of micro-scale systems with diffusion-limited mass transport. Several methods have been investigated to enhance microfluidic mixing in microsystems, including acoustic-based fluidic streaming. Here, we report both by numerical simulation and experiments on the beneficiary effect of acoustic agitation on the uniformity of immunostaining in large-size and thin microfluidic chambers. Moreover, we investigate by numerical simulation the impact of reducing the incubation times and the concentrations of the biochemical detection reagents on the obtained immunoassay signal. Finally, acoustofluidic mixing was successfully used to reduce by 80% the incubation time of the Her2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) and CK (cytokeratins) biomarkers for the spatial immunostaining of breast cancer cell pellets, or reducing their concentration by 66% and achieving a higher signal-to-background ratio than comparable spatially resolved immunostaining with static incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muaz S Draz
- Laboratory of Microsystems 2, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Lunaphore Technologies SA, CH-1131 Tolochenaz, Switzerland
| | - Diego Dupouy
- Lunaphore Technologies SA, CH-1131 Tolochenaz, Switzerland
| | - Martin A M Gijs
- Laboratory of Microsystems 2, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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3
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PVT1 inhibition stimulates anti-tumor immunity, prevents metastasis, and depletes cancer stem cells in squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:187. [PMID: 36894542 PMCID: PMC9998619 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05710-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) cause tumor metastasis and immune evasion by as-yet-unknown molecular mechanisms. In the present study, we identify a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), termed PVT1, which is highly expressed in CSCs and correlated closely with lymph node metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). PVT1 inhibition eliminates CSCs, prevents metastasis, and stimulates anti-tumor immunity, while inhibiting HNSCC growth. Moreover, PVT1 inhibition promotes the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into the tumor microenvironment, thereby enhancing immunotherapy by PD1 blockade. Mechanistically, PVT1 inhibition stimulates the DNA damage response, which induces CD8+ T cell-recruiting chemokines, while preventing CSCs and metastasis via regulating the miR-375/YAP1 axis. In conclusion, targeting PVT1 might potentiate the elimination of CSCs via immune checkpoint blockade, prevent metastasis, and inhibit HNSCC growth.
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Teixeira A, Carneiro A, Piairo P, Xavier M, Ainla A, Lopes C, Sousa-Silva M, Dias A, Martins AS, Rodrigues C, Pereira R, Pires LR, Abalde-Cela S, Diéguez L. Advances in Microfluidics for the Implementation of Liquid Biopsy in Clinical Routine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1379:553-590. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-04039-9_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Vázquez M, Anfossi L, Ben-Yoav H, Diéguez L, Karopka T, Della Ventura B, Abalde-Cela S, Minopoli A, Di Nardo F, Shukla VK, Teixeira A, Tvarijonaviciute A, Franco-Martínez L. Use of some cost-effective technologies for a routine clinical pathology laboratory. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:4330-4351. [PMID: 34664599 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00658d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Classically, the need for highly sophisticated instruments with important economic costs has been a major limiting factor for clinical pathology laboratories, especially in developing countries. With the aim of making clinical pathology more accessible, a wide variety of free or economical technologies have been developed worldwide in the last few years. 3D printing and Arduino approaches can provide up to 94% economical savings in hardware and instrumentation in comparison to commercial alternatives. The vast selection of point-of-care-tests (POCT) currently available also limits the need for specific instruments or personnel, as they can be used almost anywhere and by anyone. Lastly, there are dozens of free and libre digital tools available in health informatics. This review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art on cost-effective alternatives with applications in routine clinical pathology laboratories. In this context, a variety of technologies including 3D printing and Arduino, lateral flow assays, plasmonic biosensors, and microfluidics, as well as laboratory information systems, are discussed. This review aims to serve as an introduction to different technologies that can make clinical pathology more accessible and, therefore, contribute to achieve universal health coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Vázquez
- National Centre For Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Laura Anfossi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Giuria, 5, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Hadar Ben-Yoav
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory (NBEL), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ilse Katz Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Lorena Diéguez
- Medical Devices Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory - INL, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Bartolomeo Della Ventura
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Sara Abalde-Cela
- Medical Devices Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory - INL, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Antonio Minopoli
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Nardo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Giuria, 5, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Vikas Kumar Shukla
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory (NBEL), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ilse Katz Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Alexandra Teixeira
- Medical Devices Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory - INL, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Lorena Franco-Martínez
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Migliozzi D, Pelz B, Dupouy DG, Leblond AL, Soltermann A, Gijs MAM. Microfluidics-assisted multiplexed biomarker detection for in situ mapping of immune cells in tumor sections. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2019; 5:59. [PMID: 31700674 PMCID: PMC6831597 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-019-0104-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Because of the close interaction between tumors and the immune system, immunotherapies are nowadays considered as the most promising treatment against cancer. In order to define the diagnosis and the subsequent therapy, crucial information about the immune cells at the tumor site is needed. Indeed, different types or activation status of cells may be indicative for specific and personalized treatments. Here, we present a quantitative method to identify ten different immuno-markers in the same tumor cut section, thereby saving precious samples and enabling correlative analysis on several cell families and their activation status in a tumor microenvironment context. We designed and fabricated a microfluidic chip with optimal thermomechanical and optical properties for fast delivery of reagents on tissue slides and for fully automatic imaging by integration with an optical microscope. The multiplexing capability of the system is enabled by an optimized cyclic immunofluorescence protocol, with which we demonstrated quantitative sequential immunostaining of up to ten biomarkers on the same tissue section. Furthermore, we developed high-quality image-processing algorithms to map each cell in the entire tissue. As proof-of-concept analyses, we identified coexpression and colocalization patterns of biomarkers to classify the immune cells and their activation status. Thanks to the quantitativeness and the automation of both the experimental and analytical methods, we believe that this multiplexing approach will meet the increasing clinical need of personalized diagnostics and therapy in cancer pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Migliozzi
- Laboratory of Microsystems, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, CH Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Pelz
- Laboratory of Microsystems, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, CH Switzerland
- Lunaphore Technologies SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Building C, 1015 Lausanne, CH Switzerland
| | - Diego G. Dupouy
- Lunaphore Technologies SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Building C, 1015 Lausanne, CH Switzerland
| | - Anne-Laure Leblond
- Universitätsspital Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8091 Zürich, CH Switzerland
| | - Alex Soltermann
- Universitätsspital Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8091 Zürich, CH Switzerland
| | - Martin A. M. Gijs
- Laboratory of Microsystems, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, CH Switzerland
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Takeuchi M, Nagasaka K, Yoshida M, Kawata Y, Miyagawa Y, Tago S, Hiraike H, Wada-Hiraike O, Oda K, Osuga Y, Fujii T, Ayabe T, Kim SH, Fujii T. On-chip immunofluorescence analysis of single cervical cells using an electroactive microwell array with barrier for cervical screening. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2019; 13:044107. [PMID: 31431817 PMCID: PMC6697034 DOI: 10.1063/1.5089796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Several specific tests for cervical screening have been developed recently, including p16/Ki67 dual immunostaining for diagnosing high-risk human papillomavirus positive squamous intraepithelial lesion in the cervix. However, manual screening of cells in an entire glass slide is currently a standard clinical procedure for quantification and interpretation of immunocytochemical features of the cells. Here, we developed a microfluidic device containing an electroactive microwell array with barriers (EMAB) for highly efficient single-cell trapping followed by on-chip immunofluorescence analysis with minimum loss of the sample. EMAB utilizes patterned electrodes at the bottom of cell-sized microwells to trap single cells using dielectrophoresis (DEP) and cell-holding structures behind the microwells to stabilize the position of trapped cells even without DEP. Using the device, we evaluated the performance of p16/Ki67 dual immunostaining of HeLa cells on the chip. The device shows 98% cell-trapping efficiency as well as 92% cell-holding efficiency against the fixed HeLa cells, and we successfully demonstrated high-efficiency on-chip immunofluorescence analysis with minimal loss of sample. p16/Ki67 dual immunostaining using EMAB may be useful for complementary tests for cervical screening in confirming the histopathological diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazunori Nagasaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Mina Yoshida
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Kawata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yuko Miyagawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Saori Tago
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Haruko Hiraike
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Osamu Wada-Hiraike
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Oda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yutaka Osuga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujii
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takuya Ayabe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | | | - Teruo Fujii
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
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