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Hegedűs M, Kis VK, Rózsa N, Kovács Z. A novel image processing procedure for the quantitative evaluation of dental enamel prism arrangement. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:808-817. [PMID: 38093599 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Enamel prism is the main microstructural unit of mammalian enamel which composed of hundreds of bioapatite nanocrystals. Prism structure plays a key role in the excellent mechanical performance of dental enamel during millions of chewing cycles without significant remodeling. Thus, quantitative understanding of prism architecture is of utmost importance for biomechanical materials design. To characterize enamel prism orientation quantitatively, a novel image processing method has been developed. Our method is based on scanning electron microscopy images of etched enamel surface and consists of an ellipse fitting procedure, which provides a numerical approximation of prism shape and orientation in the studied cross section. The obtained analytical data allow to construct color coded orientation maps, which provide quick and useful insight into the microstructure of enamel. Besides striking visualization, orientation maps allow to extract and plot the rich information on the azimuthal and inclination angles of the prisms as function of location. Numerical data on prism arrangement can be analyzed using statistical tools over large areas, which paves the way towards quantifying comparative investigation of prism arrangement either in dentistry research or evolution biology. The application of the method is demonstrated for a distal-mesial cross-section of sound human tooth enamel. HIGHLIGHTS: Scanning electron microscopy images of etched enamel surface are analyzed using ellipse fitting. Geometrical parameters of the fitted ellipses provide numerical data of thousands of prisms. Prism arrangement is visualized on color coded orientation maps and analyzed using statistical tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Máté Hegedűs
- Department of Materials Physics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktória K Kis
- HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Mineralogy, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noémi Rózsa
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pedodontics and Orthodontics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Kovács
- Department of Materials Physics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Ibrahim DFA, Hasmun NN, Liew YM, Venkiteswaran A. Effects of repeated etching cycles using 15% hydrochloric acid on enamel loss and relative attenuation coefficient in resin infiltration. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 45:103989. [PMID: 38280674 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.103989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resin infiltration is used to mask enamel opacities and the recommended etching cycles are three. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that favorable esthetics outcomes can be obtained by increasing the etching cycles. AIM To determine the incremental and total enamel loss when enamel surfaces are exposed to multiple etching cycles and to assess the relative attenuation coefficient after multiple etching cycles and resin infiltration treatment. METHODS Ninety extracted sound human premolars teeth were divided into 9 groups (n = 10); with each consecutive group having one additional etching cycle up to 9 cycles. The teeth were scanned with optical coherence tomography and enamel loss and attenuation coefficient were measured with MATLAB software. Enamel loss (one-way ANOVA, p ≤ 0.05) and attenuation coefficient (two-way ANOVA, p ≤ 0.05) were statistically analyzed. RESULTS There was a significant total enamel loss of more than 33% found at the 7th etching cycle and more. There was no statistically significant difference in the incremental mean depth of penetration of resin between various etching cycles (F(8, 134) = [2.016], one-way ANOVA, p = 0.185). CONCLUSION This study recommends that etching should not be repeated more than seven cycles to prevent excessive enamel loss. Following eight etching cycles, resin infiltration penetration appears approximately equal to that of healthy enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayang Fadzlina Abang Ibrahim
- Paediatric Dental Specialist Clinic, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia; Centre of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noren Nor Hasmun
- Department of Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - Yih Miin Liew
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Wilayah 50603, Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Annapurny Venkiteswaran
- Centre of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Alghawe S, Raslan N. Management of permanent incisors affected by Molar-Incisor-Hypomineralisation (MIH) using resin infiltration: a pilot study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2024; 25:105-116. [PMID: 38285169 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-024-00861-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the aesthetic improvement of Molar-Incisor-Hypomineralisation (MIH) opacities treated by applying Icon-Etch for three cycles with the opacities treated by Icon-Etch for once, in the course of resin infiltration technique. METHODS Thirty incisors were sorted based on the colour of the opacities and then distributed according to the number of Icon-Etch cycles using a randomisation table into the groups: (1) White/Creamy one cycle, (2) White/Creamy three cycles, (3) Yellow/Brown one cycle, (4) Yellow/Brown three cycles. The primary outcomes of applying the resin infiltration to the opacities were compared amongst groups according to the parents' satisfaction, the amount of coverage, and the colour matching with the surrounding sound enamel. The stability of the results after 3 months was evaluated using a spectrophotometer. RESULTS The colour of the opacity pre-treatment affected the outcomes significantly (p < 0.05), compared according to the method of application (p > 0.05) in terms of parents' satisfaction. Whilst the multiple applications for Icon-Etch cycles showed more coverage amount in White/Creamy opacities than the application ones (p < 0.05); in colour matching, there was no statistically significant difference between the two methods (p > 0.05). For yellow/brown opacities, some negative results occurred with the single Icon-Etch cycle. CONCLUSION In MIH opacities, it is possible to rely on the resin infiltration as a minimally invasive method to achieve acceptable results, especially with multiple Icon-Etch cycles applications in the white/creamy opacities. The colour stability has not been affected by either the colour of the opacity or the number of cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alghawe
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.
| | - N Raslan
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria
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Ibrahim DFA, Hasmun NN, Liew YM, Venkiteswaran A. Repeated Etching Cycles of Resin Infiltration up to Nine Cycles on Demineralized Enamel: Surface Roughness and Esthetic Outcomes-In Vitro Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1148. [PMID: 37508644 PMCID: PMC10378243 DOI: 10.3390/children10071148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Resin infiltration (RI) is used to mask enamel opacities. There are three recommended etching cycles. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that favorable esthetics outcomes can be obtained by increasing the etching cycles. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of repeated etching cycles during RI application on esthetic changes and surface roughness of demineralized enamel at multiple treatment stages. Artificial demineralization was prepared on the buccal surface of ninety sound extracted premolars. The teeth were divided into nine groups (n = 10); with each consecutive group having one additional etching cycle up to nine etching cycles. Resin infiltrant was performed twice, first for 3 min (Resin 1) and again for 1 min (Resin 2). Surface roughness and esthetic changes were assessed using a profilometer (Ambios XP-200) and Minolta spectrophotometer, respectively, at baseline (sound enamel), etching, resin 1, resin 2, 7 days, and 28 days post resin applications. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). There was a significant interaction between the different stages and various groups of etching cycles on surface roughness, F(48, 126) = 3.48, p < 0.001. There was a significant interaction between the different stages and various groups of etching cycles on color changes, F(4, 126) = 1.177, p = 0.045. The surface roughness of demineralized enamel infiltrated with RI was less than that of sound enamel (baseline). There is a significant difference in color changes between resin 1 and resin 2 (p < 0.05). After five etching cycles, RI improved the esthetic of the color of teeth similar to the baseline. Surface roughness and color changes remained constant for 28 days. RI can be considered an effective and predictable treatment option for the restoration of early enamel lesions owing to its better surface characteristics and reliable masking effects. The color stability and surface roughness stay unaltered for up to 28 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayang Fadzlina Abang Ibrahim
- Centre of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Campus Sungai Buloh, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
| | - Noren Nor Hasmun
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Yih Miin Liew
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Annapurny Venkiteswaran
- Centre of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Campus Sungai Buloh, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
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Khan AS, AlDahlan BG, Maghrabi NH, Albilali HW, Ahmed SZ, Shah AT, Haridy R, Akhtar S, Talal A. Application of laser on enamel surface with three types of bioactive glasses-based resin infiltrants: An in vitro study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 141:105792. [PMID: 37001247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to evaluate and compare the surface micro-hardness, roughness, color, and morphology of enamel after Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation, followed by application of three types of bioactive glasses-based resin infiltrants, and the samples groups were challenged with the pH cycle. METHODOLOGY Experimental photoactivated resin infiltrants were synthesized using dimethacrylate resins, whereby three different types of bioactive glasses (BGs), i.e., 45S5, fluoridated-BG (F-BG), and borosilicate-BG (B-BG), were incorporated into the resin system. Initially, white spot lesions were created artificially on the toosth enamel surface, then irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG laser. Then, the resin-only and BG-based resins were infiltrated on the enamel surface. All samples were pH challenged for 14 days, and the micro-hardness, surface roughness, surface morphology, and color stability (ΔE) analyses were conducted before and after the 14 days pH challenge. RESULTS After laser irradiation, the micro-hardness was significantly high with 45S5 group compared to resin-only (p = 0.021), F-BG (p = 0.042), and B-BG (p = 0.001) groups. After the pH challenge, the micro-hardness values for all groups were reduced significantly (p ≤ 0.05). The surface roughness was least with the resin-only group and showed a non-significant difference with F-BG (p = 0.34) and significant differences with both B-BG (p = 0.005), and 45S5 (p = 0.010) groups. After the pH cycle, the roughness of all groups was increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05), except B-BG group showed a non-significant difference (p = 0.528). The B-BG group showed significantly high ΔE between day 0 and baseline compared to resin-only (p = 0.0008), F-BG (p = 0.017), and 45S5 (p = 0.029), whereas between day 14 and baseline, the lowest ΔE value was observed for B-BG (14.2 ± 2.10) and maximum for the resin-only (20.57 ± 2.47) group. The SEM images showed pitting on the surface of all resin infiltrant groups after 14 days of pH challenge. CONCLUSION The morphological difference was observed after the laser irradiation on the enamel surface. The differences in micro-hardness, surface roughness, and color were observed after the application of experimental resin infiltrants and significant differences were observed after the pH challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Samad Khan
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | - Hind Waleed Albilali
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Zubairuddin Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Tufail Shah
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rasha Haridy
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Akhtar
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Talal
- Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N, Canada
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Puleio F, Di Spirito F, Lo Giudice G, Pantaleo G, Rizzo D, Lo Giudice R. Long-Term Chromatic Durability of White Spot Lesions through Employment of Infiltration Resin Treatment. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59040749. [PMID: 37109707 PMCID: PMC10146668 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: White spot lesions (WSLs) denote regions of subsurface demineralization on the enamel that manifest as opaque and milky-white regions. Treatment for WSLs is essential for both clinical and aesthetic reasons. Resin infiltration has been identified as the most efficacious solution for alleviating WSLs, but studies with long-term monitoring are scarce. The aim of this clinical study is to assess the color change stability of the lesion after four years of implementing the resin infiltration technique. Materials and Methods: Forty non-cavity and unrestored white spot lesions (WSLs) were treated with the resin infiltration technique. The color of the WSLs and adjacent healthy enamel (SAE) was assessed using a spectrophotometer at T0 (baseline), T1 (after treatment), T2 (1 year after) and T3 (4 years after). The Wilcoxon test was utilized to determine the significance of the variation of color (ΔE) between WSLs and SAE over the observed time periods. Results: When comparing the color difference ΔE (WSLs-SAE) at T0-T1, the Wilcoxon test demonstarated a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). For ΔE (WSLs-SAE) at T1-T2 and T1-T3, the color variation was not statistically significant (p = 0.305 and p = 0.337). Conclusions: The study's findings indicate that the resin infiltration technique is an effective solution for resolving the appearance of WSLs, and the results have demonstrated stability for a minimum of four years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Puleio
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Messina University, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Di Spirito
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84084 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lo Giudice
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Messina University, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84084 Baronissi, Italy
| | - David Rizzo
- Independent Researcher, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberto Lo Giudice
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Messina University, 98100 Messina, Italy
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Damian LR, Dumitrescu R, Alexa VT, Focht D, Schwartz C, Balean O, Jumanca D, Obistioiu D, Lalescu D, Stefaniga SA, Berbecea A, Fratila AD, Scurtu AD, Galuscan A. Impact of Dentistry Materials on Chemical Remineralisation/Infiltration versus Salivary Remineralisation of Enamel-In Vitro Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7258. [PMID: 36295323 PMCID: PMC9612028 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate salivary remineralisation versus chemical remineralisation/infiltration of enamel, using different dentistry materials. The enamel changes were studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and the depth of lesions and demineralisation/remineralisation/infiltration percentage were calculated. Additionally, the macro elemental composition of the teeth was performed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Two studies were performed: (i) demineralisation of enamel in 3% citric acid and infiltration treatment with infiltration resin (Icon, DMG), remineralisation with Fluor Protector (Ivoclar Vivadent) and artificial saliva pH 8; and (ii) enamel demineralisation in saliva at pH 3 and remineralisation at salivary pH 8. The results showed that, firstly, for the remineralisation of demineralised enamel samples, Fluor Protector (Ivoclar Vivadent) was very effective for medium demineralised lesions followed by saliva remineralisation. In cases of deep demineralisation lesions where fluoride could not penetrate, low viscosity resin (Icon, DMG, Hamburg) effectively infiltrated to stop the demineralisation process. Secondly, remineralisation in salivary conditions needed supplementary study over a longer period, to analyse the habits, diet and nutrition of patients in detail. Finally, demineralisation/remineralisation processes were found to influence the macro elemental composition of enamel demineralisation, with natural saliva proving to be less aggressive in terms of decreasing Ca and Mg content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia-Raluca Damian
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ramona Dumitrescu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Vlad Tiberiu Alexa
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - David Focht
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristoph Schwartz
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Octavia Balean
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniela Jumanca
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Diana Obistioiu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dacian Lalescu
- Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | | | - Adina Berbecea
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, 300641 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Aurora Doris Fratila
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Goethestr. 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandra Denisa Scurtu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Atena Galuscan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Li M, Yang Z, Huang Y, Li Y, Zhou Z. In vitro effect of resin infiltrant on resistance of sound enamel surfaces in permanent teeth to demineralization. PeerJ 2022; 9:e12008. [PMID: 35047244 PMCID: PMC8759355 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of resin infiltrant on resistance of sound permanent enamel surfaces to demineralization. METHOD Eighty healthy premolars were sectioned to obtain enamel blocks from the buccal surface. Specimens with baseline surface microhardness values of 320-370 were selected. The experimental group were treated with resin infiltrant, while the control group was not. Specimens from each group were artificially demineralized and the surface microhardness values were measured again. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to measure the depth of demineralization and detect the penetration ability of the resin infiltrant. The specimens were subjected to a simulated toothbrushing abrasion test. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe changes in the surface morphology of specimens after each of these procedures. RESULTS No significant differences between the experimental and control groups were observed in the baseline microhardness values or in the experimental group after resin infiltration compared with the baseline conditions. After artificial demineralization, the microhardness value in the control group was significantly lower than that in the experimental group (266.0 (±34.5) compared with 304.0 (±13.0), P = 0.017). Confocal laser scanning microscopy results showed that the demineralization depth in the control group was significantly deeper than that in the experimental group (97.9 (±22.8) µm vs. 50.4 (±14.3) µm, P < 0.001), and that resin infiltrant completely penetrated the acid-etched demineralized area of the tooth enamel with a mean penetration depth of 31.6 (±9.0) µm. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface morphology was more uniform and smoother after simulated toothbrushing. The enamel surface structure was more severely destroyed in the control group after artificial demineralization compared with that of the experimental group. CONCLUSION Resin infiltrant can completely penetrate an acid-etched demineralized enamel area and improve resistance of sound enamel surfaces to demineralization. Our findings provide an experimental basis for preventive application of resin infiltrant to sound enamel surfaces to protect tooth enamel against demineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengyan Yang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yajing Huang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yueheng Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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9
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Efficacy of Two Toothpaste in Preventing Tooth Erosive Lesions Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Patients suffering from acid reflux due to endogenous causes are often affected by gastroesophageal reflux disease which, in the oral environment, causes lingual and palatal enamel erosion. As enamel does not have the intrinsic ability to repair itself, the application of alloplastic materials, such as toothpastes is suggestable. The aim of this “in vitro” study was to compare the effectiveness of two different toothpastes in preventing erosion due to gastroesophageal reflux disease. Six tooth elements from bovine jaws were prepared using a high-speed diamond bur and water irrigation. Acid attack simulation was carried out using a 15% HCl hydrochloric acid solution. After that, two different toothpastes with or without fluoride, were brushed at the sample surface using an electric toothbrush at standard position and force. SEM and profilometer analysis were performed. Statistically significant difference was found in average tooth surface roughness after using toothpaste with or without fluoride after the acid attack, as the former offered a greater remineralization. No difference was found in long-term prevention. Fluoridated toothpastes offer a greater degree of remineralization at a first acid attack, however, there is no difference in long-term prevention independently from the toothpaste type.
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10
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Mendes Soares IP, Anovazzi G, Anselmi C, Leite ML, Scheffel DLS, Soares DG, de Souza Costa CA, Hebling J. Response of pulp cells to resin infiltration of enamel white spot-like lesions. Dent Mater 2021; 37:e329-e340. [PMID: 33579532 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the trans-enamel and trans-dentinal biological effects of treating enamel white spot-like lesions (EWSLs) with resin infiltration components (RICs) on odontoblast-like cells (MDPC-23) and human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). METHODS EWSLs were induced in 60 enamel/dentin discs (4.0 ± 0.2 mm thick) using S. mutans. The discs were adapted into artificial pulp chambers and MDPC-23 were seeded on the dentin surface. The components of a resin infiltration system (Icon) were applied individually or in combination on the enamel surface as following (n = 10/treatment): Etch, Infiltrant, Etch+Infiltrant, or Etch+Dry+Infiltrant. The application of water or hydrogen peroxide served as negative and positive controls, respectively. After 72 h, MDPC-23 viability was evaluated. The extracts were exposed for 72 h to pre-cultured MDPC-23 and HDPCs in 96-well plates to evaluate cell viability, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), mineralized nodule formation (MN), and the expression of inflammatory cytokines (ICs) and mineralization-related genes (MRs). Data were analyzed by ANOVA complemented with Tukey or Games-Howell post-hocs (α = 5%). RESULTS Cell viability, ALP activity, and MN formation were significantly reduced in response to the RICs, presenting intermediate values compared to positive and negative controls. Likewise, ICs were upregulated, whereas MRs were downregulated. Among the RICs, the Etch component caused the most notorious detrimental effects. SIGNIFICANCE Resin infiltration of EWSLs negatively affected the metabolism of pulp cells in vitro. Therefore, even though resin infiltration is a micro-invasive therapy for non-cavitated caries in enamel, it should be closely followed up seen that components may diffuse and unbalance pulp homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Paulino Mendes Soares
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil.
| | - Giovana Anovazzi
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Caroline Anselmi
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Maria Luísa Leite
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | | | - Diana Gabriela Soares
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, São Paulo University (USP), Bauru Faculty of Dentistry, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | - Josimeri Hebling
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil.
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Alverson BW, Capehart KL, Babb CS, Romero MF. Esthetic management of white spot lesions by using minimal intervention techniques of bleaching and resin infiltration: A clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 126:455-458. [PMID: 33008631 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dental fluorosis and hypocalcification manifest as white spot lesions and/or brown discolorations. With dental fluorosis, mottled layers in enamel can also be present depending on severity. Treatment options have varied in such situations, depending on severity, and can range from conservative to more invasive. This clinical report focuses on a combination of bleaching and resin infiltration as one of the more conservative treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kim L Capehart
- Assistant Professor, Department of General Dentistry, Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Ga
| | - Courtney S Babb
- Instructor, Department of General Dentistry, Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Ga
| | - Mario F Romero
- Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Sciences, Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Ga.
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Depth of acid penetration and enamel surface roughness associated with different methods of interproximal enamel reduction. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229595. [PMID: 32119700 PMCID: PMC7051074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess and compare the enamel surface quality after interproximal enamel reduction (IPR) was performed with different systems and to study the relation between acid penetration depth and enamel surface quality as well as the importance of remineralization. Methods Sixty-five extracted teeth were randomly allocated to five experimental groups: untreated control, manual with New Metal Strips, mechanical with oscillating segment (OS) discs, Safe-Tipped Bur Kit, and the Ortho-Strip, followed by 30 s of polishing with the Softflex system and the Compo-system after treating the tooth with OS discs. Mesial surfaces were demineralized for 24 h and distal surfaces were subjected to interchanging demineralization and remineralization cycles of 24 h each for 18 days. The analysis was carried out by profilometry, scanning electron microscopy, and polarization microscopy. Results After IPR and polishing, enamel roughness was reduced for all systems tested except for the Essix Safe-Tipped Bur Kit. Subsequent demineralization increased enamel roughness in all groups except controls beyond the original level prior to IPR except for IPR with New Metal Strips or Ortho-Strips and subsequent polishing. Cyclic demineralization and remineralization for 18 days yielded a reduction in acid penetration depth and an increase in surface smoothness, which correlated with each other only for controls and treatment with New Metal Strips or Ortho-Strips. Conclusions Manual IPR, using New Metal Strips and, even more, the oscillating IPR system Ortho-Strips, yielded smoother interproximal enamel surfaces and less acid penetration depth than the IPR systems with OS discs and the Safe-Tipped Bur Kit after polishing and 18 days of cyclic demineralization and remineralization. Irrespective of the IPR procedure, proper remineralization of IPR-treated surfaces is advisable to reduce caries susceptibility.
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Garg SA, Chavda SM. Color Masking White Fluorotic Spots by Resin Infiltration and Its Quantitation by Computerized Photographic Analysis: A 12-month Follow-up Study. Oper Dent 2019; 45:1-9. [PMID: 31567053 DOI: 10.2341/17-260-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To manage three cases of mild to moderate fluorosis by resin infiltration technique and to quantify the tooth color changes by measuring CIE L*a*b* values of digital photographs and calculating ΔE00 based on the CIEDE2000 formula using Adobe Photoshop software. METHODS AND MATERIALS Three cases of mild to moderate fluorosis were treated with a combination of bleaching and a resin infiltration technique. CIE L*a*b* values of 18 fluorosed spots were measured from digital photographs of these cases at four different stages-preoperative, postbleaching, postinfiltration and at 12-month follow-up-using Adobe Photoshop software, and ΔE00 was calculated based on the CIEDE2000 formula. The ΔE00 values of all 18 points obtained at different stages were submitted to statistical analysis (α=0.05). RESULTS In all the cases reported, clinically as well as by the photographic color analysis, it was found that the technique masked the lesions, improving the patients' esthetics, which was maintained even at 12-month recall. Statistically significant difference in ΔE00 values was present between comparison of all stages (p<0.001) except between postinfiltration and the 12-month follow-up stage (p=0.642). CONCLUSION A resin infiltration technique helped in the satisfactory management of white spot lesions of fluorosis, which were stable even at 12-month follow up. Quantitation of the changes was achieved using Adobe Photoshop software.
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Yazkan B, Ermis RB. Effect of resin infiltration and microabrasion on the microhardness, surface roughness and morphology of incipient carious lesions. Acta Odontol Scand 2018; 76:473-481. [PMID: 29447057 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2018.1437217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effects of resin infiltration and microabrasion on incipient carious lesions by surface microhardness, roughness and morphological assessments, and resistance to further acid attack of treated lesions were evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty artificially-induced incipient lesions were randomly divided into five groups (n = 16): resin infiltration with an adhesive resin (Excite F, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), resin infiltration with a resin infiltrant (Icon, DMG, Hamburg, Germany), microabrasion without polishing (Opalustre, Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA), microabrasion with polishing (Opalustre, Ultradent, Diamond Excel, FGM, Joinville, SC, Brazil), and distilled water (control group). All specimens were exposed to demineralization for another 10 d. Microhardness, roughness and morphological assessments were done at baseline, following initial demineralization, treatment and further demineralization. Data were analysed by the Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman's and Bonferroni tests (p < .05). RESULTS Enamel lesions treated with resin infiltrant and microabrasion demonstrated similar hardness values, with a nonsignificant difference compared with sound enamel. Resin infiltration demonstrated lower roughness values than those of microabrasion, and the values did not reach the values of sound enamel. Further demineralization for 10 d did not affect the hardness but increased the roughness of infiltrated and microabraded enamel surfaces. Polishing did not influence the roughness of microabraded enamel surfaces. After resin infiltration, porosities on enamel were sealed completely. The surface structure was similar to that of the enamel conditioning pattern for microabraded enamel lesions. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, the icon infiltration and microabrasion technique appeared to be effective for improving microhardness. Icon appeared to provide reduced roughness, although not equal to sound enamel. Further research is needed to elucidate their clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basak Yazkan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - R. Banu Ermis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Abbas BA, Marzouk ES, Zaher AR. Treatment of various degrees of white spot lesions using resin infiltration-in vitro study. Prog Orthod 2018; 19:27. [PMID: 30079435 PMCID: PMC6081872 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-018-0223-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of resin infiltration to improve the color of white spot lesions (WSLs) and to estimate the effect of different numbers of etching and resin infiltrant applications on the color change of WSLs with various depths. Ninety-six sound extracted premolars were subjected to acid attack inducing different depths of WSLs. Using a DIAGNOdent, teeth were divided into four main groups according to the depth of the WSLs: shallow enamel, deep enamel, shallow dentine, and deep dentine without cavitation. Then each of the main groups was subdivided into four groups: six teeth each with different protocols of resin infiltration as follows: 1 etching + 1 infiltrant application (EA), 1 etching + 2 infiltrant applications (EAA), 2 etchings + 1 infiltrant application (EEA), 2 etchings + 2 infiltrant applications (EEAA). Spectrophotometric analysis was measured at baseline (T0), after inducing the WSLs (T1), and following resin infiltration application (T2) for each group. RESULTS In shallow enamel, EA produced the least mean color difference (1.62 ± 0.85), with high significant difference (P < 0.001), when compared with the clinically detectable threshold (ΔE = 3.7). While in deep enamel, EAA showed the least mean color change (1.95 ± 0.4), with P < 0.001 when compared with the critical value. Also, in shallow dentine, the least mean change was noticed with EAA (3.0 ± 0.45), with P < 0.001 when compared with the clinical color detection threshold. Furthermore, in deep dentine, EAA had the least mean difference (3.76 ± 0.6) but with no significant difference, when compared with the clinically detectable threshold. CONCLUSIONS As the WSL got deeper, the color of the lesion became more clinically visible. In shallow enamel, the best treatment option was one etching with one resin infiltrant application. For deep enamel and shallow dentine, one etching with two applications of infiltrant gave the best lesion masking. In deep dentine, it is advisable to perform one etching with two infiltration steps, taking in consideration that all deep dentine lesions without cavitation were partially masked, remained clinically detectable, and might require more invasive restorative procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassant A Abbas
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Eiman S Marzouk
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abbas R Zaher
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt
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Mullan F, Mylonas P, Parkinson C, Bartlett D, Austin R. Precision of 655 nm Confocal Laser Profilometry for 3D surface texture characterisation of natural human enamel undergoing dietary acid mediated erosive wear. Dent Mater 2018; 34:531-537. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mullan F, Austin RS, Parkinson CR, Bartlett DW. An in-situ pilot study to investigate the native clinical resistance of enamel to erosion. J Dent 2018; 70:124-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Kozmacs C, Hollmann B, Arnold WH, Naumova E, Piwowarczyk A. Polishing of Monolithic Zirconia Crowns-Results of Different Dental Practitioner Groups. Dent J (Basel) 2017; 5:dj5040030. [PMID: 29563437 PMCID: PMC5806964 DOI: 10.3390/dj5040030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This pilot study evaluates the surface roughness of monolithic zirconia crowns after chairside polishing by different dental practitioner groups. Four practitioner groups (group I: dental clinical students (n = 6); group II: dentists < 2 years post-qualification experience (n = 6); group III: dentists > 2 years post-qualification experience (n = 6) and group IV: dental technicians (n = 6)) were asked to polish two CAD/CAM-fabricated full-contour zirconia crowns (48 in total). A two-step zirconia polishing kit was used in both trials. The first trial (T1) was conducted without a time limitation. In the second trial (T2), the polish was restricted to 15 seconds for each polisher. Two blinded investigators (I1 and I2) analyzed the surface roughness (Ra) before and after polishing (Alicona measuring system). No statistically significant difference in surface roughness was found between the polishing results of the dental practitioner groups. Major difference in surface finish was achieved by dental technicians, with a median value of 25.4 nm (interquartile range 10.15–35.26 nm) for I1 in T1. The lowest difference was achieved by dental students, with a median value of Ra = 6.72 nm (interquartile range 4.7–17.9 nm) in T1. In T2, experienced dentists showed the highest difference in surface finish, with a median value of 41.35 nm (interquartile range 7.77–54.11). No significant correlation was found between polishing time and polishing results. The polishing of monolithic zirconium dioxide crowns can be performed with the present polishing set directly chairside after occlusal adjustment, regardless of the practitioner’s experience level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Kozmacs
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Technology, School of Dentistry, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 44, 58455 Witten, Germany.
| | | | - Wolfgang H Arnold
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 44, 58455 Witten, Germany.
| | - Ella Naumova
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 44, 58455 Witten, Germany.
| | - Andree Piwowarczyk
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Technology, School of Dentistry, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Straße 44, 58455 Witten, Germany.
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Xiao Z, Que K, Wang H, An R, Chen Z, Qiu Z, Lin M, Song J, Yang J, Lu D, Shen M, Guan B, Wang Y, Deng X, Yang X, Cai Q, Deng J, Ma L, Zhang X, Zhang X. Rapid biomimetic remineralization of the demineralized enamel surface using nano-particles of amorphous calcium phosphate guided by chimaeric peptides. Dent Mater 2017; 33:1217-1228. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Mullan F, Austin RS, Parkinson CR, Hasan A, Bartlett DW. Measurement of surface roughness changes of unpolished and polished enamel following erosion. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182406. [PMID: 28771562 PMCID: PMC5542659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To determine if Sa roughness data from measuring one central location of unpolished and polished enamel were representative of the overall surfaces before and after erosion. Methods Twenty human enamel sections (4x4 mm) were embedded in bis-acryl composite and randomised to either a native or polishing enamel preparation protocol. Enamel samples were subjected to an acid challenge (15 minutes 100 mL orange juice, pH 3.2, titratable acidity 41.3mmol OH/L, 62.5 rpm agitation, repeated for three cycles). Median (IQR) surface roughness [Sa] was measured at baseline and after erosion from both a centralised cluster and four peripheral clusters. Within each cluster, five smaller areas (0.04 mm2) provided the Sa roughness data. Results For both unpolished and polished enamel samples there were no significant differences between measuring one central cluster or four peripheral clusters, before and after erosion. For unpolished enamel the single central cluster had a median (IQR) Sa roughness of 1.45 (2.58) μm and the four peripheral clusters had a median (IQR) of 1.32 (4.86) μm before erosion; after erosion there were statistically significant reductions to 0.38 (0.35) μm and 0.34 (0.49) μm respectively (p<0.0001). Polished enamel had a median (IQR) Sa roughness 0.04 (0.17) μm for the single central cluster and 0.05 (0.15) μm for the four peripheral clusters which statistically significantly increased after erosion to 0.27 (0.08) μm for both (p<0.0001). Conclusion Measuring one central cluster of unpolished and polished enamel was representative of the overall enamel surface roughness, before and after erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mullan
- King's College London Dental Institute, Guy’s, King’s and St.Thomas’ Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Rupert S. Austin
- King's College London Dental Institute, Guy’s, King’s and St.Thomas’ Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Adam Hasan
- King's College London Dental Institute, Guy’s, King’s and St.Thomas’ Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - David W. Bartlett
- King's College London Dental Institute, Guy’s, King’s and St.Thomas’ Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
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Kielbassa AM, Ulrich I, Schmidl R, Schüller C, Frank W, Werth VD. Resin infiltration of deproteinised natural occlusal subsurface lesions improves initial quality of fissure sealing. Int J Oral Sci 2017. [PMID: 28621326 PMCID: PMC5518973 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2017.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this ex vivo study was to evaluate the infiltration capability and rate of microleakage of a low-viscous resin infiltrant combined with a flowable composite resin (RI/CR) when used with deproteinised and etched occlusal subsurface lesions (International Caries Detection and Assessment System code 2). This combined treatment procedure was compared with the exclusive use of flowable composite resin (CR) for fissure sealing. Twenty premolars and 20 molars revealing non-cavitated occlusal carious lesions were randomly divided into two groups and were meticulously cleaned and deproteinised using NaOCl (2%). After etching with HCl (15%), 10 premolar and 10 molar lesions were infiltrated (Icon/DMG; rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC)-labelled) followed by fissure sealing (G-ænial Flo/GC; experimental group, RI/CR). In the control group (CR), the carious fissures were only sealed. Specimens were cut perpendicular to the occlusal surface and through the area of the highest demineralisation (DIAGNOdent pen, KaVo). Using confocal laser-scanning microscopy, the specimens were assessed with regard to the percentage of caries infiltration, marginal adaption and internal integrity. Within the CR group, the carious lesions were not infiltrated. Both premolar (57.9%±23.1%) and molar lesions (35.3%±22.1%) of the RI/CR group were uniformly infiltrated to a substantial extent, albeit with significant differences (P=0.034). Moreover, microleakage (n=1) and the occurrence of voids (n=2) were reduced in the RI/CR group compared with the CR group (5 and 17 specimens, respectively). The RI/CR approach increases the initial quality of fissure sealing and is recommended for the clinical control of occlusal caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej M Kielbassa
- Centre for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, University of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Danube Private University (DPU), Krems, Austria
| | - Ina Ulrich
- Centre for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, University of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Danube Private University (DPU), Krems, Austria
| | - Rita Schmidl
- Centre for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, University of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Danube Private University (DPU), Krems, Austria
| | - Christoph Schüller
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, UFT-Campus Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilhelm Frank
- Centre for Preclinical Education, Department of Biostatistics, University of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Danube Private University (DPU), Krems, Austria
| | - Vanessa D Werth
- Centre for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, University of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Danube Private University (DPU), Krems, Austria
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Buege M, Koehler T, Heiderhoff R, Papenheim M, Wang S, Schleiting H, Arnold WH, Foerst JR, Seyfarth M, Tiroch K, Riedl T, Vorpahl M. Minor defects of the luminal integrity in arterial introducer eSheaths after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176893. [PMID: 28481954 PMCID: PMC5421765 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medical devices such as implant delivery systems are commonly used during minimally invasive procedures in the cardiovascular system. These devices often have lubricious polymer coatings to reduce friction between the device and blood vessels but coatings may separate and potentially cause serious injuries to patients. Methods Lubricious coated eSheaths for transcatheter heart valve implantation were assessed for luminal integrity at the proximal, medial and distal part. We assessed the number, depths and area of luminal trails using environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM), white light interferometry (WLI) and optical profilometry using area scale fractal complexity (asfc) as surface parameters. A total of 15 eSheaths were retrieved and analyzed after successful femoral transcatheter Sapien 3 implantation in patients (23 mm valve– 14F eSheath, 26 mm valve– 14F eSheath and 29 mm valve– 16F eSheath, n = 5 for each group). Unused eSheaths (14F and 16F) served as controls (n = 5 for each group). Results ESEM revealed significantly greater number of trails after TAVR passage with the 23 mm, 26 mm and 29 mm valves compared to unused control 14F and 16F eSheaths (13.9 ± 3.1, 14.2 ± 2.3, 15.8 ± 1.7 vs. 0.08 ± 0.1 and 1.0 ± 0.5 [n]; p ≤ 0.0001 for all comparisons). Similarly, WLI showed minor, but significantly greater areas of luminal defects after 23 mm, 26 mm and 29 mm valve implantation vs. 14F and 16F unused controls (7.5 ± 0.9, 10.3 ± 1.1, 10.4 ± 1.4 vs. 4.1 ± 0.4 and 2.2 ± 0.4 [μm2], p = 0.0081). Likewise, the 3D-surface-measurement showed comparable results after implantation of the 23 mm, 26 mm and 29 mm valves vs. 14F and 16F unused control eSheaths (79.5 ± 6.3, 105.9 ± 5.3, 98.8 ± 4.8 vs. 5.1 ± 2.8 and 5.6 ± 0.5 [asfc] p = 0.0001). Conclusion Measurable defects of the luminal layer occur during balloon expandable TAVR using 14F and 16F eSheaths though this is likely clinically insignificant. Further clinical investigations including a prospective assessment of minor peripheral embolization are needed to fully address the impact of this luminal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Buege
- Department of Cardiology, Zentrum für Forschung in der klinischen Medizin (ZFKM), HELIOS Klinikum Wuppertal, University Witten/Herdecke, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Till Koehler
- Department of Cardiology, Zentrum für Forschung in der klinischen Medizin (ZFKM), HELIOS Klinikum Wuppertal, University Witten/Herdecke, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ralf Heiderhoff
- School of Electrical, Information and Media Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Marc Papenheim
- School of Electrical, Information and Media Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Si Wang
- School of Electrical, Information and Media Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Heinrich Schleiting
- Department of Cardiology, Zentrum für Forschung in der klinischen Medizin (ZFKM), HELIOS Klinikum Wuppertal, University Witten/Herdecke, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Arnold
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, Faculty of Health, School of Dentistry, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Jason R. Foerst
- Department of Cardiology, Carilion Roanoke Memorial Hospital, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, United States of America
| | - Melchior Seyfarth
- Department of Cardiology, Zentrum für Forschung in der klinischen Medizin (ZFKM), HELIOS Klinikum Wuppertal, University Witten/Herdecke, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Klaus Tiroch
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Centre Bodensee, Konstanz and Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Thomas Riedl
- School of Electrical, Information and Media Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Marc Vorpahl
- Department of Cardiology, Zentrum für Forschung in der klinischen Medizin (ZFKM), HELIOS Klinikum Wuppertal, University Witten/Herdecke, Wuppertal, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Arnold WH, Meyer AK, Naumova EA. Surface Roughness of Initial Enamel Caries Lesions in Human Teeth After Resin Infiltration. Open Dent J 2016; 10:505-515. [PMID: 27733877 PMCID: PMC5040761 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601610010505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low viscosity resin infiltration of initial caries lesions is a modern microinvasive method to treat initial cries lesions. However, only scarce information is available about the long-term surface alterations of infiltrated lesions. METHODS Twenty-eight premolar teeth exhibiting non-cavitated initial caries lesions (International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS code 1&2)) were divided into two groups, one of which was infiltrated with resin, and the other remained untreated. The teeth underwent two thermocycling procedures. The surface roughness was determined quantitatively, and the results were evaluated statistically. In addition, the surfaces of the lesions were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the surface was analyzed visually with respect to surface irregularities. RESULTS The results showed a reduction in the surface roughness that was significant after 2500 thermocycles compared to the untreated surface. In the control specimens, no change in the surface roughness was found. The qualitative SEM data also showed a smooth surface after thermocycling, which supported the statistical findings. CONCLUSION After thermocycling, resin-infiltrated enamel surfaces become smoother and had no additional risk for plaque accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang H Arnold
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University (UW/H), Witten, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Meyer
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University (UW/H), Witten, Germany
| | - Ella A Naumova
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University (UW/H), Witten, Germany
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