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Sasi S, Krishnan S, Kodackattumannil P, Shamisi AA, Aldarmaki M, Lekshmi G, Kottackal M, Amiri KMA. DNA-free high-quality RNA extraction from 39 difficult-to-extract plant species (representing seasonal tissues and tissue types) of 32 families, and its validation for downstream molecular applications. PLANT METHODS 2023; 19:84. [PMID: 37568159 PMCID: PMC10416385 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-01063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-purity RNA serves as the basic requirement for downstream molecular analysis of plant species, especially the differential expression of genes to various biotic and abiotic stimuli. But, the extraction of high-quality RNA is usually difficult from plants rich in polysaccharides and polyphenols, and their presence usually interferes with the downstream applications. The aim of the study is to optimize the extraction of high-quality RNA from diverse plant species/tissues useful for downstream molecular applications. RESULTS Extraction of RNA using commercially available RNA extraction kits and routine hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) methods did not yield good quality DNA-free RNA from Prosopis cineraria, Conocarpus erectus, and Phoenix dactylifera. A reliable protocol for the extraction of high-quality RNA from mature leaves of these difficult-to-extract trees was optimized after screening nine different methods. The DNase I-, and proteinase K treatment-free modified method, consisting of extraction with CTAB method followed by TRIzol, yielded high-quality DNA-free RNA with an A260/A280 and A260/A230 ratios > 2.0. Extraction of RNA from Conocarpus, the most difficult one, was successful by avoiding the heat incubation of ground tissue in a buffer at 65 oC. Pre-warming of the buffer for 5-10 min was sufficient to extract good-quality RNA. RNA integrity number of the extracted RNA samples ranged between 7 and 9.1, and the gel electrophoresis displayed intact bands of 28S and 18S RNA. A cDNA library constructed from the RNA of P. cineraria was used for the downstream applications. Real-time qPCR analysis using the cDNA from P. cineraria RNA confirmed the quality. The extraction of good quality RNA from samples of the desert-growing P. cineraria (> 20-years-old) collected in alternate months of the year 2021 (January to December covering winter, spring, autumn, and the very dry and hot summer) proved the efficacy of the protocol. The protocol's broad applicability was further validated by extracting good-quality RNA from 36 difficult-to-extract plant species, including tissues such as roots, flowers, floral organs, fruits, and seeds. CONCLUSIONS The modified DNase I and Proteinase K treatment-free protocol enables to extract DNA-free, high-quality, intact RNA from a total of 39 difficult-to-extract plant species belonging to 32 angiosperm families is useful to extract good-quality RNA from dicots and monocots irrespective of tissue types and growing seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shina Sasi
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saranya Krishnan
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Preshobha Kodackattumannil
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aysha Al Shamisi
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maitha Aldarmaki
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Geetha Lekshmi
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Martin Kottackal
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Khaled M A Amiri
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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Wang D, Yang T, Li Y, Deng F, Dong S, Li W, He Y, Zhang J, Zou L. Light Intensity-A Key Factor Affecting Flavonoid Content and Expression of Key Enzyme Genes of Flavonoid Synthesis in Tartary Buckwheat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2165. [PMID: 36015468 PMCID: PMC9415826 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat, a polygonaceae family plant, is rich in abundant flavonoids, high-quality protein, and well-balanced essential amino acids. This study aimed to investigate the effects of climatic variables on the quality of Tartary buckwheat. In this study, six distinct types of Tartary buckwheat collected from the Sichuan Basin, Western Sichuan Plateau, and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in southwest China were chosen to investigate the impact of climatic conditions from the grain-filling stage to the harvest stage on the concentration of flavonoids and expression of key enzyme genes involved the synthesis of flavonoids. Meteorological data of three producing areas were collected from the China Meteorological Network, mainly including maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), diurnal temperature difference (Tdif), and light intensity. Then, the contents of rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutin glycoside, quercetin, and kaempferol in 30 batches of Tartary buckwheat from 6 varieties including Chuanqiao No. 1, Chuanqiao No. 2, Xiqiao No. 1, Xiqiao No. 2, Miqiao No. 1 and Di ku were determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Furthermore, the expression levels of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), 4-coumaric acid coenzyme A ligase (4CL), and anthocyanin synthase (ANS) in six kinds of Tartary buckwheat were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The seed photos were processed by ImageJ processing software. The partial least squares method was used to analyze the correlation. As a result, light intensity can promote the accumulation of flavonoids and the expression of key enzyme genes. Miqiao No. 1, which grows in Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province, has the highest light intensity and is the dominant variety with flavonoid content. More importantly, the expression levels of PAL and 4CL in the secondary metabolic pathway of flavonoids were positively correlated with the content of Tartary buckwheat flavonoids. Interestingly, the expression level of ANS was negatively correlated with the content of PAL, 4CL, and flavonoids. In addition, ANS is a key gene affecting the seed coat color of Tartary buckwheat. The higher the expression of ANS, the darker the seed coat color. These findings provide a theoretical basis and reference for the breeding of fine buckwheat varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yangqian Li
- Asset and Laboratory Management Department, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Fang Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shuai Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yueyue He
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
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3
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Wang C, Hou X, Qi N, Li C, Luo Y, Hu D, Li Y, Liao W. An optimized method to obtain high-quality RNA from different tissues in Lilium davidii var. unicolor. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2825. [PMID: 35181714 PMCID: PMC8857280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06810-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The high quality, yield and purity total RNA samples are essential for molecular experiments. However, harvesting high quality RNA in Lilium davidii var. unicolor is a great challenge due to its polysaccharides, polyphenols and other secondary metabolites. In this study, different RNA extraction methods, namely TRIzol method, the modified TRIzol method, Kit method and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method were employed to obtain total RNA from different tissues in L. davidii var. unicolor. A Nano drop spectrophotometer and 1% agarose gel electrophoresis were used to detect the RNA quality and integrity. Compared with TRIzol, Kit and CTAB methods, the modified TRIzol method obtained higher RNA concentrations from different tissues and the A260/A280 ratios of RNA samples were ranged from 1.97 to 2.27. Thus, the modified TRIzol method was shown to be the most effective RNA extraction protocol in acquiring RNA with high concentrations. Furthermore, the RNA samples isolated by the modified TRIzol and Kit methods were intact, whereas different degrees of degradation happened within RNA samples isolated by the TRIzol and CTAB methods. In addition, the modified TRIzol method could also isolate high-quality RNA from other edible lily bulbs. Taken together, the modified TRIzol method is an efficient method for total RNA isolation from L. davidii var. unicolor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Hou
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Nana Qi
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Changxia Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Luo
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongliang Hu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihua Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
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Gao P, Quilichini TD, Yang H, Li Q, Nilsen KT, Qin L, Babic V, Liu L, Cram D, Pasha A, Esteban E, Condie J, Sidebottom C, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Zhang W, Bhowmik P, Kochian LV, Konkin D, Wei Y, Provart NJ, Kagale S, Smith M, Patterson N, Gillmor CS, Datla R, Xiang D. Evolutionary divergence in embryo and seed coat development of U's Triangle Brassica species illustrated by a spatiotemporal transcriptome atlas. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:30-51. [PMID: 34687557 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The economically valuable Brassica species include the six related members of U's Triangle. Despite the agronomic and economic importance of these Brassicas, the impacts of evolution and relatively recent domestication events on the genetic landscape of seed development have not been comprehensively examined in these species. Here we present a 3D transcriptome atlas for the six species of U's Triangle, producing a unique resource that captures gene expression data for the major subcompartments of the seed, from the unfertilized ovule to the mature embryo and seed coat. This comprehensive dataset for seed development in tetraploid and ancestral diploid Brassicas provides new insights into evolutionary divergence and expression bias at the gene and subgenome levels during the domestication of these valued crop species. Comparisons of gene expression associated with regulatory networks and metabolic pathways operating in the embryo and seed coat during seed development reveal differences in storage reserve accumulation and fatty acid metabolism among the six Brassica species. This study illustrates the genetic underpinnings of seed traits and the selective pressures placed on seed production, providing an immense resource for continued investigation of Brassica polyploid biology, genomics and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Global Institute for Food Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 4L8, Canada
| | - Teagen D Quilichini
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Hui Yang
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Qiang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kirby T Nilsen
- Brandon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2701 Grand Valley Road, Brandon, MB, R7C 1A1, Canada
| | - Li Qin
- College of Art & Science, University of Saskatchewan, 9 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A5, Canada
| | - Vivijan Babic
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Li Liu
- Global Institute for Food Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 4L8, Canada
| | - Dustin Cram
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Asher Pasha
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Eddi Esteban
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Janet Condie
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Christine Sidebottom
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Yan Zhang
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0X2, Canada
| | - Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Pankaj Bhowmik
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Leon V Kochian
- Global Institute for Food Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 4L8, Canada
| | - David Konkin
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Yangdou Wei
- College of Art & Science, University of Saskatchewan, 9 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A5, Canada
| | - Nicholas J Provart
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Sateesh Kagale
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Mark Smith
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0X2, Canada
| | - Nii Patterson
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - C Stewart Gillmor
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (Langebio), Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Irapuato, Guanajuato, 36821, México
| | - Raju Datla
- Global Institute for Food Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 4L8, Canada
| | - Daoquan Xiang
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
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Siles L, Hassall KL, Sanchis Gritsch C, Eastmond PJ, Kurup S. Uncovering Trait Associations Resulting in Maximal Seed Yield in Winter and Spring Oilseed Rape. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:697576. [PMID: 34552604 PMCID: PMC8450599 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.697576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Seed yield is a complex trait for many crop species including oilseed rape (OSR) (Brassica napus), the second most important oilseed crop worldwide. Studies have focused on the contribution of distinct factors in seed yield such as environmental cues, agronomical practices, growth conditions, or specific phenotypic traits at the whole plant level, such as number of pods in a plant. However, how female reproductive traits contribute to whole plant level traits, and hence to seed yield, has been largely ignored. Here, we describe the combined contribution of 33 phenotypic traits within a B. napus diversity set population and their trade-offs at the whole plant and organ level, along with their interaction with plant level traits. Our results revealed that both Winter OSR (WOSR) and Spring OSR (SOSR); the two more economically important OSR groups in terms of oil production; share a common dominant reproductive strategy for seed yield. In this strategy, the main inflorescence is the principal source of seed yield, producing a good number of ovules, a large number of long pods with a concomitantly high number of seeds per pod. Moreover, we observed that WOSR opted for additional reproductive strategies than SOSR, presenting more plasticity to maximise seed yield. Overall, we conclude that OSR adopts a key strategy to ensure maximal seed yield and propose an ideal ideotype highlighting crucial phenotypic traits that could be potential targets for breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Siles
- Department of Plant Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty L. Hassall
- Department of Computational and Analytical Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | | | - Peter J. Eastmond
- Department of Plant Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | - Smita Kurup
- Department of Plant Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
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