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Ramagoma RB, Makgoo L, Mbita Z. KLHL20 and its role in cell homeostasis: A new perspective and therapeutic potential. Life Sci 2024; 357:123041. [PMID: 39233199 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Ubiquitin ligases are proteins with the ability to trigger non-degradative signaling or proteasomal destruction by attracting substrates and facilitating ubiquitin transfer onto target proteins. Over the years, there has been a continuous discovery of new ubiquitin ligases, and Kelch-like protein 20 (KLHL20) is one of the most recent discoveries that have several biological roles which include its role in ubiquitin ligase activities. KLHL20 binds as a substrate component of ubiquitin ligase Cullin3 (Cul3). Several substrates for ubiquitin ligases (KLHL20 based) have been reported, these include Unc-51 Like Autophagy Activating Kinase 1 (ULK1), promyelocytic leukemia (PML), and Death Associated Protein Kinase 1 (DAPK1). KLHL20 shows multiple cell functions linked to several human diseases through ubiquitination of these substrates. Current literature shows that KLHL20 ubiquitin ligase regulates malignancies in humans and also suggests how important it is to develop regulating agents for tumour-suppressive KLHL20 to prevent tumourigenesis, Recent research has highlighted its potential therapeutic implications in several areas. In oncology, KLHL20's regulatory role in protein degradation pathways suggests that its targeting could offer novel strategies for cancer treatment by modulating the stability of proteins involved in tumour growth and survival. In neurodegenerative diseases, KLHL20's function in maintaining protein homeostasis positions it as a potential target for therapies aimed at managing protein aggregation and cellular stress. Here, we review the functions of KLHL20 during the carcinogenesis process, looking at its role in cancer progression, and regulation of ubiquitination events mediated by KLHL20 in human cancers, as well as its potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolivhuwa Bishop Ramagoma
- The University of Limpopo, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Private Bag x1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
| | - Lilian Makgoo
- The University of Limpopo, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Private Bag x1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
| | - Zukile Mbita
- The University of Limpopo, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Private Bag x1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
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2
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Sharma P, Chatrathi HE. Insights into the diverse mechanisms and effects of variant CUL3-induced familial hyperkalemic hypertension. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:286. [PMID: 37845702 PMCID: PMC10577937 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01269-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial hyperkalemic hypertension (FHHt), also known as Pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHAII) or Gordon syndrome is a rare Mendelian disease classically characterized by hyperkalemia, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, and high systolic blood pressure. The most severe form of the disease is caused by autosomal dominant variants in CUL3 (Cullin 3), a critical subunit of the multimeric CUL3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex. The recent identification of a novel FHHt disease variant of CUL3 revealed intricacies within the underlying disease mechanism. When combined with studies on canonical CUL3 variant-induced FHHt, these findings further support CUL3's role in regulating renal electrolyte transport and maintaining systemic vascular tone. However, the pathophysiological effects of CUL3 variants are often accompanied by diverse systemic disturbances in addition to classical FHHt symptoms. Recent global proteomic analyses provide a rationale for these systemic disturbances, paving the way for future mechanistic studies to reveal how CUL3 variants dysregulate processes outside of the renovascular axis. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Sharma
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Harish E Chatrathi
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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3
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Chen N, Liu Y, Yu H, Liu S, Xiao P, Jia Z, Zhang Z. The Role of Cullin 3 in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Neuroscience 2023; 514:14-24. [PMID: 36720302 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cullin 3 (CUL3), a member of Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase family, regulates multiple intracellular pathways. CUL3 expression in peripheral immune cells is highly associated with the development of stroke, while little is known about the mechanism of how CUL3 participates in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. In this study, we showed that CUL3 was obviously upregulated in brain tissues of male rats received middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced neurons. We firstly confirmed that CUL3 interacted with WNK3, a protein that has been proved to be associated with brain damage after ischemic stroke. CUL3 knockdown inhibited the ubiquitination of WNK3 and accelerated the phosphorylation of OSR1 in OGD/R-stimulated neurons. CUL3 silencing did not further aggravate cerebral I/R injury and played a neuroprotective role in vitro and in vivo. CUL3 knockdown attenuated the impairment of cell viability caused by OGD/R. CUL3 silencing reduced TUNEL-positive cells, down-regulated pro-apoptotic factor (Bax and Cleaved caspase 3) levels and increased the anti-apoptotic factor (Bcl-2) level in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that CUL3 repression alleviated neuronal apoptosis. Interestingly, rescue experiments revealed that WNK3 downregulation did not block the neuroprotection of CUL3 inhibition. These findings suggested that CUL3-mediated cerebral I/R injury might be not achieved through WNK3 signaling but other pathways. Furthermore, CUL3 inhibition suppressed ubiquitin-mediated degradation of Nrf2 and activated Nrf2 signaling by increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and expression levels of HO-1 and NQO-1. Taken together, CUL3 exacerbates cerebral I/R injury potentially due to its negative regulation of Nrf2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yushuang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongyi Yu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Sihan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhongyi Jia
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhongling Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Sleyp Y, Valenzuela I, Accogli A, Ballon K, Ben-Zeev B, Berkovic SF, Broly M, Callaerts P, Caylor RC, Charles P, Chatron N, Cohen L, Coppola A, Cordeiro D, Cuccurullo C, Cuscó I, Janette diMonda, Duran-Romaña R, Ekhilevitch N, Fernández-Alvarez P, Gordon CT, Isidor B, Keren B, Lesca G, Maljaars J, Mercimek-Andrews S, Morrow MM, Muir AM, Rousseau F, Salpietro V, Scheffer IE, Schnur RE, Schymkowitz J, Souche E, Steyaert J, Stolerman ES, Vengoechea J, Ville D, Washington C, Weiss K, Zaid R, Sadleir LG, Mefford HC, Peeters H. De novo missense variants in the E3 ubiquitin ligase adaptor KLHL20 cause a developmental disorder with intellectual disability, epilepsy, and autism spectrum disorder. Genet Med 2022; 24:2464-2474. [PMID: 36214804 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE KLHL20 is part of a CUL3-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in protein ubiquitination. KLHL20 functions as the substrate adaptor that recognizes substrates and mediates the transfer of ubiquitin to the substrates. Although KLHL20 regulates neurite outgrowth and synaptic development in animal models, a role in human neurodevelopment has not yet been described. We report on a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by de novo missense variants in KLHL20. METHODS Patients were ascertained by the investigators through Matchmaker Exchange. Phenotyping of patients with de novo missense variants in KLHL20 was performed. RESULTS We studied 14 patients with de novo missense variants in KLHL20, delineating a genetic syndrome with patients having mild to severe intellectual disability, febrile seizures or epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder, hyperactivity, and subtle dysmorphic facial features. We observed a recurrent de novo missense variant in 11 patients (NM_014458.4:c.1069G>A p.[Gly357Arg]). The recurrent missense and the 3 other missense variants all clustered in the Kelch-type β-propeller domain of the KLHL20 protein, which shapes the substrate binding surface. CONCLUSION Our findings implicate KLHL20 in a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability, febrile seizures or epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder, and hyperactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoeri Sleyp
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Irene Valenzuela
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Medicine Genetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Accogli
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Katleen Ballon
- Centre for Developmental Disabilities, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bruria Ben-Zeev
- Pediatric Neurology Institute, The Edmond & Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Samuel F Berkovic
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martin Broly
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Nantes, Nantes, France; Medigenome, Swiss Institute of Genomic Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Perrine Charles
- Salpêtrière Hospital Genetic Department and Reference Center for Rare Intellectual Disabilities, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Chatron
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hospices Civils de Lyon and NeuroMyogene Institute, CNRS UMR 5310 - INSERM U1217, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Lior Cohen
- Genetic Institute, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel; Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba, Israel
| | - Antonietta Coppola
- Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Dawn Cordeiro
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claudia Cuccurullo
- Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Ivon Cuscó
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Medicine Genetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Janette diMonda
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory Clinic, Emory Healthcare, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ramon Duran-Romaña
- Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Paula Fernández-Alvarez
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Medicine Genetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christopher T Gordon
- Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Human Malformations, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Imagine, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Boris Keren
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP.Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hospices Civils de Lyon and NeuroMyogene Institute, CNRS UMR 5310 - INSERM U1217, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Jarymke Maljaars
- Parenting and Special Education Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Saadet Mercimek-Andrews
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Alison M Muir
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Frederic Rousseau
- Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vincenzo Salpietro
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ingrid E Scheffer
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Victoria, Australia; Florey and Murdoch Children's Research Institutes, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Joost Schymkowitz
- Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erika Souche
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean Steyaert
- Center for Developmental Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Jaime Vengoechea
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Dorothée Ville
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Lyon University Hospital, Lyon, France
| | | | - Karin Weiss
- Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel; The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Rinat Zaid
- Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lynette G Sadleir
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Heather C Mefford
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Center for Pediatric Neurological Disease Research, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Hilde Peeters
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Li S, Li R, Ahmad I, Liu X, Johnson SF, Sun L, Zheng YH. Cul3-KLHL20 E3 ubiquitin ligase plays a key role in the arms race between HIV-1 Nef and host SERINC5 restriction. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2242. [PMID: 35474067 PMCID: PMC9042822 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30026-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 must counteract various host restrictions to establish productive infection. SERINC5 is a potent restriction factor that blocks HIV-1 entry from virions, but its activity is counteracted by Nef. The SERINC5 and Nef activities are both initiated from the plasma membrane, where SERINC5 is packaged into virions for viral inhibition or downregulated by Nef via lysosomal degradation. However, it is still unclear how SERINC5 is localized to and how its expression is regulated on the plasma membrane. We now report that Cullin 3-KLHL20, a trans-Golgi network (TGN)-localized E3 ubiquitin ligase, polyubiquitinates SERINC5 at lysine 130 via K33/K48-linked ubiquitination. The K33-linked polyubiquitination determines SERINC5 expression on the plasma membrane, and the K48-linked polyubiquitination contributes to SERINC5 downregulation from the cell surface. Our study reveals an important role of K130 polyubiquitination and K33/K48-linked ubiquitin chains in HIV-1 infection by regulating SERINC5 post-Golgi trafficking and degradation. SERINC5 is a host-restriction factor preventing HIV progeny entry, which is counteracted by interactions with HIV Nef. Here, Li et al. show that E3 ubiquitin ligase Cullin 3 polyubiquitinates SERINC5 at Lys 130 via K48- and K33-linked ubiquitin chains and provide evidence that this modification is not only required for its membrane localization and anti-viral activity but also relevant for Nef counteractive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunan Li
- Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS-Michigan State University Joint Laboratory of Innate Immunity, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS-Michigan State University Joint Laboratory of Innate Immunity, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Iqbal Ahmad
- Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS-Michigan State University Joint Laboratory of Innate Immunity, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS-Michigan State University Joint Laboratory of Innate Immunity, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Silas F Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Liangliang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yong-Hui Zheng
- Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS-Michigan State University Joint Laboratory of Innate Immunity, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China. .,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Strub MD, Gao L, Tan K, McCray PB. Analysis of multiple gene co-expression networks to discover interactions favoring CFTR biogenesis and ΔF508-CFTR rescue. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:258. [PMID: 34717611 PMCID: PMC8557508 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-01106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported that expression of a miR-138 mimic or knockdown of SIN3A in primary cultures of cystic fibrosis (CF) airway epithelia increased ΔF508-CFTR mRNA and protein levels, and partially restored CFTR-dependent chloride transport. Global mRNA transcript profiling in ΔF508-CFBE cells treated with miR-138 mimic or SIN3A siRNA identified two genes, SYVN1 and NEDD8, whose inhibition significantly increased ΔF508-CFTR trafficking, maturation, and function. Little is known regarding the dynamic changes in the CFTR gene network during such rescue events. We hypothesized that analysis of condition-specific gene networks from transcriptomic data characterizing ΔF508-CFTR rescue could help identify dynamic gene modules associated with CFTR biogenesis. METHODS We applied a computational method, termed M-module, to analyze multiple gene networks, each of which exhibited differential activity compared to a baseline condition. In doing so, we identified both unique and shared gene pathways across multiple differential networks. To construct differential networks, gene expression data from CFBE cells were divided into three groups: (1) siRNA inhibition of NEDD8 and SYVN1; (2) miR-138 mimic and SIN3A siRNA; and (3) temperature (27 °C for 24 h, 40 °C for 24 h, and 27 °C for 24 h followed by 40 °C for 24 h). RESULTS Interrogation of individual networks (e.g., NEDD8/SYVN1 network), combinations of two networks (e.g., NEDD8/SYVN1 + temperature networks), and all three networks yielded sets of 1-modules, 2-modules, and 3-modules, respectively. Gene ontology analysis revealed significant enrichment of dynamic modules in pathways including translation, protein metabolic/catabolic processes, protein complex assembly, and endocytosis. Candidate CFTR effectors identified in the analysis included CHURC1, GZF1, and RPL15, and siRNA-mediated knockdown of these genes partially restored CFTR-dependent transepithelial chloride current to ΔF508-CFBE cells. CONCLUSIONS The ability of the M-module to identify dynamic modules involved in ΔF508 rescue provides a novel approach for studying CFTR biogenesis and identifying candidate suppressors of ΔF508.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Strub
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, 6320 PBDB, 169 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
| | - Long Gao
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kai Tan
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Paul B McCray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, 6320 PBDB, 169 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA.
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Cummings CM, Singer JD. Cul3 is required for normal development of the mammary gland. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 385:49-63. [PMID: 33825963 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03456-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cullin 3 (Cul3) has recently been implicated in a multitude of different processes, including the oxidative stress response, autophagy, tumorigenesis, and differentiation. To investigate the role of Cul3 in mammary gland development, we created a mouse model system using Cre-lox targeting where Cul3 is specifically deleted from the mammary gland. Such MMTV-Cre Cul3Flx/Flx mice examined at 2 and 3 months of age show delays and defects in mammary gland development. Mammary ductal trees from Cul3-deficient mammary glands exhibit delayed forward growth through the mammary fat pad, dilation of the ducts, and abnormal morphology of some of the epithelial structures within the gland. Additionally, terminal end buds are larger and less plentiful in MMTV-Cre Cul3Flx/Flx mammary glands, and there is significantly less primary and secondary branching compared to control animals. In contrast, by 6 months of age, the mammary ductal tree has grown to fill the entire mammary fat pad in glands lacking Cul3. However, distorted epithelial structures and dilated ducts persist. MMTV-Cre Cul3Flx/Flx mothers are able to nourish their litters, but the process of involution is slightly delayed in mammary glands lacking Cul3. Therefore, we conclude that while Cul3 is not essential for mammary gland function, Cul3 is required for the mammary gland to proceed normally through development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Cummings
- School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Stockton University, Galloway, NJ, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Singer
- Department of Biology, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA.
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Rapanelli M, Tan T, Wang W, Wang X, Wang ZJ, Zhong P, Frick L, Qin L, Ma K, Qu J, Yan Z. Behavioral, circuitry, and molecular aberrations by region-specific deficiency of the high-risk autism gene Cul3. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:1491-1504. [PMID: 31455858 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0498-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cullin 3 (Cul3) gene, which encodes a core component of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that mediates proteasomal degradation, has been identified as a true high-risk factor for autism. Here, by combining behavioral, electrophysiological, and proteomic approaches, we have examined how Cul3 deficiency contributes to the etiology of different aspects of autism. Heterozygous mice with forebrain Cul3 deletion displayed autism-like social interaction impairment and sensory-gating deficiency. Region-specific deletion of Cul3 leads to distinct phenotypes, with social deficits linked to the loss of Cul3 in prefrontal cortex (PFC), and stereotypic behaviors linked to the loss of Cul3 in striatum. Correlated with these behavioral alterations, Cul3 deficiency in forebrain or PFC induces NMDA receptor hypofunction, while Cul3 loss in striatum causes a cell type-specific alteration of neuronal excitability in striatal circuits. Large-scale profiling has identified sets of misregulated proteins resulting from Cul3 deficiency in different regions, including Smyd3, a histone methyltransferase involved in gene transcription. Inhibition or knockdown of Smyd3 in forebrain Cul3-deficient mice ameliorates social deficits and restores NMDAR function in PFC. These results have revealed for the first time a potential molecular mechanism underlying the manifestation of different autism-like behavioral deficits by Cul3 deletion in cortico-striatal circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Rapanelli
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Tao Tan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Xue Wang
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Zi-Jun Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Ping Zhong
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Luciana Frick
- Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, Department of Neurology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Luye Qin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kaijie Ma
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jun Qu
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Lange S, Arisan ED, Grant GH, Uysal-Onganer P. MicroRNAs for Virus Pathogenicity and Host Responses, Identified in SARS-CoV-2 Genomes, May Play Roles in Viral-Host Co-Evolution in Putative Zoonotic Host Species. Viruses 2021; 13:117. [PMID: 33467206 PMCID: PMC7830670 DOI: 10.3390/v13010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Our recent study identified seven key microRNAs (miR-8066, 5197, 3611, 3934-3p, 1307-3p, 3691-3p, 1468-5p) similar between SARS-CoV-2 and the human genome, pointing at miR-related mechanisms in viral entry and the regulatory effects on host immunity. To identify the putative roles of these miRs in zoonosis, we assessed their conservation, compared with humans, in some key wild and domestic animal carriers of zoonotic viruses, including bat, pangolin, pig, cow, rat, and chicken. Out of the seven miRs under study, miR-3611 was the most strongly conserved across all species; miR-5197 was the most conserved in pangolin, pig, cow, bat, and rat; miR-1307 was most strongly conserved in pangolin, pig, cow, bat, and human; miR-3691-3p in pangolin, cow, and human; miR-3934-3p in pig and cow, followed by pangolin and bat; miR-1468 was most conserved in pangolin, pig, and bat; while miR-8066 was most conserved in pangolin and pig. In humans, miR-3611 and miR-1307 were most conserved, while miR-8066, miR-5197, miR-3334-3p and miR-1468 were least conserved, compared with pangolin, pig, cow, and bat. Furthermore, we identified that changes in the miR-5197 nucleotides between pangolin and human can generate three new miRs, with differing tissue distribution in the brain, lung, intestines, lymph nodes, and muscle, and with different downstream regulatory effects on KEGG pathways. This may be of considerable importance as miR-5197 is localized in the spike protein transcript area of the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Our findings may indicate roles for these miRs in viral-host co-evolution in zoonotic hosts, particularly highlighting pangolin, bat, cow, and pig as putative zoonotic carriers, while highlighting the miRs' roles in KEGG pathways linked to viral pathogenicity and host responses in humans. This in silico study paves the way for investigations into the roles of miRs in zoonotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrun Lange
- Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK
| | - Elif Damla Arisan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400 Kocaeli, Turkey;
| | - Guy H. Grant
- School of Life Sciences, University of Bedfordshire, Park Square, Luton LU1 3JU, UK;
| | - Pinar Uysal-Onganer
- Cancer Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK
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Structural Basis for Recruitment of DAPK1 to the KLHL20 E3 Ligase. Structure 2019; 27:1395-1404.e4. [PMID: 31279627 PMCID: PMC6720452 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BTB-Kelch proteins form the largest subfamily of Cullin-RING E3 ligases, yet their substrate complexes are mapped and structurally characterized only for KEAP1 and KLHL3. KLHL20 is a related CUL3-dependent ubiquitin ligase linked to autophagy, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease that promotes the ubiquitination and degradation of substrates including DAPK1, PML, and ULK1. We identified an “LPDLV”-containing motif in the DAPK1 death domain that determines its recruitment and degradation by KLHL20. A 1.1-Å crystal structure of a KLHL20 Kelch domain-DAPK1 peptide complex reveals DAPK1 binding as a loose helical turn that inserts deeply into the central pocket of the Kelch domain to contact all six blades of the β propeller. Here, KLHL20 forms salt-bridge and hydrophobic interactions including tryptophan and cysteine residues ideally positioned for covalent inhibitor development. The structure highlights the diverse binding modes of β-propeller domains versus linear grooves and suggests a new target for structure-based drug design. An “LPDLV” motif in DAPK1 determines its recruitment and degradation by KLHL20 1.1-Å crystal structure determined of a KLHL20 Kelch domain-DAPK1 peptide complex A DAPK1 helical turn inserts into the β propeller to contact all six Kelch repeats KLHL20 shows a hydrophobic binding pocket suitable for inhibitor development
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Gao C, Pallett MA, Croll TI, Smith GL, Graham SC. Molecular basis of cullin-3 (Cul3) ubiquitin ligase subversion by vaccinia virus protein A55. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:6416-6429. [PMID: 30819806 PMCID: PMC6484134 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BTB-Kelch proteins are substrate-specific adaptors for cullin-3 (Cul3) RING-box-based E3 ubiquitin ligases, mediating protein ubiquitylation for subsequent proteasomal degradation. Vaccinia virus encodes three BTB-Kelch proteins: A55, C2, and F3. Viruses lacking A55 or C2 have altered cytopathic effects in cultured cells and altered pathology in vivo Previous studies have shown that the ectromelia virus orthologue of A55 interacts with Cul3 in cells. We report that the N-terminal BTB-BACK (BB) domain of A55 binds directly to the Cul3 N-terminal domain (Cul3-NTD), forming a 2:2 complex in solution. We solved the structure of an A55BB/Cul3-NTD complex from anisotropic crystals diffracting to 2.3/3.7 Å resolution in the best/worst direction, revealing that the overall interaction and binding interface closely resemble the structures of cellular BTB/Cul3-NTD complexes, despite low sequence identity between A55 and cellular BTB domains. Surprisingly, despite this structural similarity, the affinity of Cul3-NTD for A55BB was stronger than for cellular BTB proteins. Glutamate substitution of the A55 residue Ile-48, adjacent to the canonical φX(D/E) Cul3-binding motif, reduced affinity of A55BB for Cul3-NTD by at least 2 orders of magnitude. Moreover, Ile-48 and the φX(D/E) motif are conserved in A55 orthologues from other poxviruses, but not in the vaccinia virus proteins C2 or F3. The high-affinity interaction between A55BB and Cul3-NTD suggests that, in addition to directing the Cul3-RING E3 ligase complex to degrade cellular/viral target proteins that are normally unaffected, A55 may also sequester Cul3 from cellular adaptor proteins, thereby protecting substrates of these cellular adaptors from ubiquitylation and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gao
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP and
| | - Mitchell A Pallett
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP and
| | - Tristan I Croll
- the Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey L Smith
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP and
| | - Stephen C Graham
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP and
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Yoshida S, Araki Y, Mori T, Sasaki E, Kasagi Y, Isobe K, Susa K, Inoue Y, Bomont P, Okado T, Rai T, Uchida S, Sohara E. Decreased KLHL3 expression is involved in the pathogenesis of pseudohypoaldosteronism type II caused by cullin 3 mutation in vivo. Clin Exp Nephrol 2018; 22:1251-1257. [PMID: 29869755 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-018-1593-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHAII) is a hereditary hypertensive disease caused by mutations in four genes: WNK1, WNK4, Kelch-like3 (KLHL3), and cullin3 (CUL3). Recently, it was revealed that CUL3-KLHL3 E3 ligase complex ubiquitinates WNK1 and WNK4, leading to their degradation, and that a common pathogenesis of PHAII is defective WNK degradation due to CUL3-KLHL3 E3 ligase complex impairment. PHAII-causing CUL3 mutations mediate exon9 skipping, producing a CUL3 protein with a 57-amino acid deletion (Δ403-459). However, the pathogenic effects of KLHL3, an adaptor protein that links WNKs with CUL3, in PHAII caused by CUL3 mutation remain unclear. METHODS To clarify detailed pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PHAII caused by CUL3 mutation in vivo, we generated and analyzed knock-in mice carrying the same CUL3 exon9 deletion (CUL3WT/Δex9) as that reported in PHAII patients. RESULTS CUL3WT/Δex9 mice exhibited a PHAII-like phenotype. Interestingly, we confirmed markedly decreased KLHL3 expression in CUL3WT/Δex9 mice by confirming the true KLHL3 band in vivo. However, the expression of other KLHL family proteins, such as KLHL2, was comparable between WT and mutant mice. CONCLUSION KLHL3 expression was decreased in CUL3WT/Δex9 mice. However, expression levels of other KLHL family proteins were comparable between the wild-type and mutant mice. These findings indicate that the decreased abundance of KLHL3 is a specific phenomenon caused by mutant CUL3 (Δexon9). Our findings would improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of PHAII caused by CUL3 mutation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Yoshida
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Yuya Araki
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Takayasu Mori
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Emi Sasaki
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Yuri Kasagi
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Isobe
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Koichiro Susa
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Yuichi Inoue
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Pascale Bomont
- Avenir-Atip Team, INM, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34091, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Tomokazu Okado
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Tatemitsu Rai
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Shinichi Uchida
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Eisei Sohara
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan.
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Regulation of the Tumor-Suppressor BECLIN 1 by Distinct Ubiquitination Cascades. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122541. [PMID: 29186924 PMCID: PMC5751144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy contributes to cellular homeostasis through the degradation of various intracellular targets such as proteins, organelles and microbes. This relates autophagy to various diseases such as infections, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. A central component of the autophagy machinery is the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K-III) complex, which generates the signaling lipid phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P). The catalytic subunit of this complex is the lipid-kinase VPS34, which associates with the membrane-targeting factor VPS15 as well as the multivalent adaptor protein BECLIN 1. A growing list of regulatory proteins binds to BECLIN 1 and modulates the activity of the PI3K-III complex. Here we discuss the regulation of BECLIN 1 by several different types of ubiquitination, resulting in distinct polyubiquitin chain linkages catalyzed by a set of E3 ligases. This contribution is part of the Special Issue “Ubiquitin System”.
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Cullin3-KLHL15 ubiquitin ligase mediates CtIP protein turnover to fine-tune DNA-end resection. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12628. [PMID: 27561354 PMCID: PMC5007465 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human CtIP is a decisive factor in DNA double-strand break repair pathway choice by enabling DNA-end resection, the first step that differentiates homologous recombination (HR) from non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). To coordinate appropriate and timely execution of DNA-end resection, CtIP function is tightly controlled by multiple protein-protein interactions and post-translational modifications. Here, we identify the Cullin3 E3 ligase substrate adaptor Kelch-like protein 15 (KLHL15) as a new interaction partner of CtIP and show that KLHL15 promotes CtIP protein turnover via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. A tripeptide motif (FRY) conserved across vertebrate CtIP proteins is essential for KLHL15-binding; its mutation blocks KLHL15-dependent CtIP ubiquitination and degradation. Consequently, DNA-end resection is strongly attenuated in cells overexpressing KLHL15 but amplified in cells either expressing a CtIP-FRY mutant or lacking KLHL15, thus impacting the balance between HR and NHEJ. Collectively, our findings underline the key importance and high complexity of CtIP modulation for genome integrity.
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