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Digonnet A, Vankerkhove S, Moreau M, Dekeyser C, Quiriny M, Willemse E, de Saint Aubain N, Cappello M, Donckier V, Bourgeois P. Effect of radiation therapy on lymph node fluorescence in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma after intravenous injection of indocyanine green: a prospective evaluation. EJNMMI Res 2024; 14:47. [PMID: 38753288 PMCID: PMC11098979 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-024-01106-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indocyanine green (ICG)-guided surgery has proven effective in the identification of neoplastic tissues. The effect of radiation therapy (RT) on lymph node fluorescence after intravenous injection of ICG has not been addressed yet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of RT on node fluorescence during neck dissection in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). RESULTS Twenty-four patients with planned neck dissection for HNSCC were prospectively enrolled. Eleven were included without previous radiation therapy and 13 after RT. ICG was intravenously administered in the operating room. The resected specimen was analyzed by the pathology department to determine the status of each resected lymph node (invaded or not). The fluorescence of each resected node was measured in arbitrary units (AU) on paraffin blocs. The surface area (mm2) of all metastatic nodes and of the invaded component were measured. The values of these surface areas were correlated to fluorescence values. A total of 707 nodes were harvested, the mean fluorescence of irradiated nodes (n = 253) was 9.2 AU and of non-irradiated nodes (n = 454) was 9.6 AU (p = 0.63). Fifty nodes were invaded, with a mean fluorescence of 22 AU. The mean fluorescence values in the invaded irradiated nodes (n = 20) and the invaded non-irradiated nodes (n = 30) were 19 AU and 28 AU (p = 0.23), respectively. The surface area of metastatic nodes and of the invaded component were correlated to fluorescence values even after previous RT (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION No differences were observed between the fluorescence of irradiated and non-irradiated lymph nodes, including invaded nodes. ICG-guided surgery can be performed after failed RT. TRIAL REGISTRATION EudraCT ref. 2013-004498-29, registered 29 November 2013. https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/search?query=2013-004498-29.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Digonnet
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 93 Rue Meylemeerch, Brussels, 1070, Belgium.
| | - Sophie Vankerkhove
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Moreau
- Department of Biostatistics, Jules Bordet institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cécile Dekeyser
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 93 Rue Meylemeerch, Brussels, 1070, Belgium
| | - Marie Quiriny
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 93 Rue Meylemeerch, Brussels, 1070, Belgium
| | - Esther Willemse
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 93 Rue Meylemeerch, Brussels, 1070, Belgium
| | - Nicolas de Saint Aubain
- Department of Pathology, Jules Bordet institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matteo Cappello
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Academic Erasmus Hopsital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Donckier
- Department of Surgery, Jules Bordet institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Bourgeois
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Erasmus Hopsital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Xu J, He J, Zhou YL, Weng Z, Li M, Wang ZX, He Y. Von Willebrand factor promotes radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) development and its cleavage enzyme rhADAMTS13 protects against RIII by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 210:1-12. [PMID: 37956910 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Patients with abdominopelvic cancer undergoing radiotherapy commonly develop radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII); however, its underlying pathogenesis remains elusive. The von Willebrand factor (vWF)/a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) axis has been implicated in thrombosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. However, its role in RIII remains unclear. In this study, the effect of radiation on vWF and ADAMTS13 expression was firstly evaluated in patients with cervical cancer undergoing radiotherapy and C57BL/6J mice exposed to different doses of total abdominal irradiation. Then, mice with the specific deletion of vWF in the platelets and endothelium were established to demonstrate the contribution of vWF to RIII. Additionally, the radioprotective effect of recombinant human (rh) ADAMTS13 against RIII was assessed. Results showed that both the patients with cervical cancer undergoing radiotherapy and RIII mouse model exhibited increased vWF levels and decreased ADAMTS13 levels. The knockout of platelet- and endothelium-derived vWF rectified the vWF/ADAMTS13 axis imbalance; improved intestinal structural damage; increased crypt epithelial cell proliferation; and reduced radiation-induced apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, thereby alleviating RIII. Administration of rhADAMTS13 could equally alleviate RIII. Our results demonstrated that abdominal irradiation affected the balance of the vWF/ADAMTS13 axis. vWF exerted a deleterious role and ADAMTS13 exhibited a protective role in RIII progression. rhADAMTS13 has the potential to be developed into a radioprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Ya-Li Zhou
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Zhen Weng
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Zhen-Xin Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Yang He
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
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The Lymphatic Endothelium in the Context of Radioimmuno-Oncology. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010021. [PMID: 36612017 PMCID: PMC9817924 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of lymphatic tumor vasculature has been gaining interest in the context of cancer immunotherapy. These vessels constitute conduits for immune cells' transit toward the lymph nodes, and they endow tumors with routes to metastasize to the lymph nodes and, from them, toward distant sites. In addition, this vasculature participates in the modulation of the immune response directly through the interaction with tumor-infiltrating leukocytes and indirectly through the secretion of cytokines and chemokines that attract leukocytes and tumor cells. Radiotherapy constitutes the therapeutic option for more than 50% of solid tumors. Besides impacting transformed cells, RT affects stromal cells such as endothelial and immune cells. Mature lymphatic endothelial cells are resistant to RT, but we do not know to what extent RT may affect tumor-aberrant lymphatics. RT compromises lymphatic integrity and functionality, and it is a risk factor to the onset of lymphedema, a condition characterized by deficient lymphatic drainage and compromised tissue homeostasis. This review aims to provide evidence of RT's effects on tumor vessels, particularly on lymphatic endothelial cell physiology and immune properties. We will also explore the therapeutic options available so far to modulate signaling through lymphatic endothelial cell receptors and their repercussions on tumor immune cells in the context of cancer. There is a need for careful consideration of the RT dosage to come to terms with the participation of the lymphatic vasculature in anti-tumor response. Here, we provide new approaches to enhance the contribution of the lymphatic endothelium to radioimmuno-oncology.
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Terwoord JD, Beyer AM, Gutterman DD. Endothelial dysfunction as a complication of anti-cancer therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 237:108116. [PMID: 35063569 PMCID: PMC9294076 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent strides in anti-cancer therapeutics have improved longevity and led to a growing population of cancer survivors, who are increasingly likely to die of other causes. Treatment-induced cardiotoxicity is a complication of several therapeutic agents with acute and long-term consequences for cancer patients. Vascular endothelial dysfunction is a precursor and hallmark of ischemic coronary disease and may play a role in anti-cancer therapy-induced cardiotoxicity. This review summarizes clinical evidence for endothelial dysfunction following anti-cancer therapy and extends the discussion to include the impact of therapeutic agents on conduit arteries and the microcirculation. We highlight the role of innate immune system activation and cross-talk between inflammation and oxidative stress as pathogenic mechanisms underlying anti-cancer therapy-induced vascular toxicity. Understanding the impact of anti-cancer agents on the vascular endothelium will inform therapeutic approaches to prevent or reverse treatment-induced cardiotoxicity and may serve as an important tool to predict, monitor, and prevent adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janée D Terwoord
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America; Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America.
| | - Andreas M Beyer
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America; Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America; Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - David D Gutterman
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America; Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
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Centella asiatica-Derived Endothelial Paracrine Restores Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Radiation-Induced Enteritis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162544. [PMID: 36010621 PMCID: PMC9406831 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced enteritis is frequently observed following radiotherapy for cancer or occurs due to radiation exposure in a nuclear accident. The loss of the epithelial integrity leads to ‘leaky gut’, so recovery of damaged epithelium is an important strategy in therapeutic trials. Centella asiatica (CA), a traditional herbal medicine, is widely used for wound healing by protecting against endothelial damage. In this study, we investigated the radio-mitigating effect of CA, focusing on the crosstalk between endothelial and epithelial cells. CA treatment relieved radiation-induced endothelial dysfunction and mitigated radiation-induced enteritis. In particular, treatment of the conditioned media from CA-treated irradiated endothelial cells recovered radiation-induced epithelial barrier damage. We also determined that epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a critical factor secreted by CA-treated irradiated endothelial cells. Treatment with EGF effectively improved the radiation-induced epithelial barrier dysfunction. We also identified the therapeutic effects of CA-induced endothelial paracrine in a radiation-induced enteritis mouse model with epithelial barrier restoration. Otherwise, CA treatment did not show radioprotective effects on colorectal tumors in vivo. We showed therapeutic effects of CA on radiation-induced enteritis, with the recovery of endothelial and epithelial dysfunction. Thus, our findings suggest that CA is an effective radio-mitigator against radiation-induced enteritis.
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6
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Mu W, Hu N, Zhang LH, Jiang W, Yan T, Zhang T, Liu A, Zhang YQ, Zhao J, Shi L, Liu LN. Lonicerae japonicae flos ameliorates radiotherapy-induced mesenteric artery endothelial dysfunction through GTPCH1/BH 4/eNOS pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 102:154146. [PMID: 35594639 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a traditional Chinese medicine, Lonicerae japonicae flos (LJF) and its main component chlorogenic acid (CGA) have anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and anti-tumor effects. However, there is no research on the potential of LJF for vascular protection in radiotherapy. PURPOSE To elucidate the potential and possible mechanisms of the LJF extract and CGA in alleviating endothelial dysfunction caused by abdominal radiotherapy. METHODS LJF was extracted with water and the CGA content was analyzed by HPLC. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received abdominal radiotherapy for 21 days. Seven days after irradiation, Laser Doppler and ex vivo vascular tension experiments were performed. Nitric oxide (NO), superoxide anion levels and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) content were detected. Western blot, flow cytometry and molecular docking were used. RESULTS In the radiotherapy group, the mesenteric arterial blood perfusion, NO, and superoxide anion levels were significantly reduced; rats treated with the LJF extract or CGA showed a certain extent of recovery of these indicators. Vascular tension experiments showed that CGA and the LJF extract improved the vasodilation of mesenteric arteries. Cell experiments demonstrated that CGA increased the NO content and reduce superoxide anion production and cell apoptosis. The expression levels of GTPCH1/BH4/eNOS signaling pathway were significantly increased due to the use of the LJF extract or CGA in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated for the first time that LJF and its main component, CGA could prevent abdominal radiotherapy-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction via GTPCH1/BH4/eNOS pathway. LJF could be a potential therapeutic herbal agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Na Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lan-Hui Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - An Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Lin-Na Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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7
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CXCR2 Is Essential for Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury by Initiating Neutrophil Infiltration. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:7966089. [PMID: 35879949 PMCID: PMC9308512 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7966089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils, known as an important part of the immune system, are the most abundant leukocyte population in peripheral blood, but excessive recruitment will lead to tissue/organ injury. RNA sequencing showed that ionizing radiation significantly increased the expression of characteristic genes of neutrophils in intestinal tissues compared with liver and lung tissues. By clearing neutrophils with an anti-Ly6G antibody, we found that neutrophil infiltration is critical for irradiation-induced intestinal injury. CXCR2 is a G-protein-coupled receptor that mediates the migration of neutrophils by combining with its ligands. Compared with observations in liver and lung tissues, we found that CXCR2 and its ligands, including CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, and CXCL5, were all significantly upregulated in irradiated intestinal tissues. Further studies showed that SB225002, an inhibitor of CXCR2, could effectively inhibit the chemotaxis of neutrophils and tissue damage mediated by the CXCL-CXCR2 signalling pathway.
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Kuo HC, Luo L, Ma Y, Williams NT, da Silva Campos L, Attardi LD, Lee CL, Kirsch DG. The p53 Transactivation Domain 1-Dependent Response to Acute DNA Damage in Endothelial Cells Protects against Radiation-Induced Cardiac Injury. Radiat Res 2022; 198:145-153. [PMID: 35512345 PMCID: PMC9397489 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-00001.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Thoracic radiation therapy can cause endothelial injury in the heart, leading to cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. Although it has been demonstrated that the tumor suppressor p53 functions in endothelial cells to prevent the development of radiation-induced myocardial injury, the key mechanism(s) by which p53 regulates the radiosensitivity of cardiac endothelial cells is not completely understood. Here, we utilized genetically engineered mice that express mutations in p53 transactivation domain 1 (TAD1) (p5325,26) or mutations in p53 TAD1 and TAD2 (p5325,26,53,54) specifically in endothelial cells to study the p53 transcriptional program that protects cardiac endothelial cells from ionizing radiation in vivo. p5325,26,53,54 loses the ability to drive transactivation of p53 target genes after irradiation while p5325,26 can induce transcription of a group of non-canonical p53 target genes, but not the majority of classic radiation-induced p53 targets critical for p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. After 12 Gy whole-heart irradiation, we found that both p5325,26 and p5325,26,53,54 sensitized mice to radiation-induced cardiac injury, in contrast to wild-type p53. Histopathological examination suggested that mutation of TAD1 contributes to myocardial necrosis after whole-heart irradiation, while mutation of both TAD1 and TAD2 abolishes the ability of p53 to prevent radiation-induced heart disease. Taken together, our results show that the transcriptional program downstream of p53 TAD1, which activates the acute DNA damage response after irradiation, is necessary to protect cardiac endothelial cells from radiation injury in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Cheng Kuo
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Lixia Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Nerissa T Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | | | - Laura D Attardi
- Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305.,Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Chang-Lung Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - David G Kirsch
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
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9
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2-Methoxyestradiol Inhibits Radiation-Induced Skin Injuries. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084171. [PMID: 35456989 PMCID: PMC9032705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced skin injury (RISI) is a main side effect of radiotherapy for cancer patients, with vascular damage being a common pathogenesis of acute and chronic RISI. Despite the severity of RISI, there are few treatments for it that are in clinical use. 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME) has been reported to regulate the radiation-induced vascular endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Thus, we investigated 2-ME as a potent anti-cancer and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) inhibitor drug that prevents RISI by targeting HIF-1α. 2-ME treatment prior to and post irradiation inhibited RISI on the skin of C57/BL6 mice. 2-ME also reduced radiation-induced inflammation, skin thickness, and vascular fibrosis. In particular, post-treatment with 2-ME after irradiation repaired the damaged vessels on the irradiated dermal skin, inhibiting endothelial HIF-1α expression. In addition to the increase in vascular density, post-treatment with 2-ME showed fibrotic changes in residual vessels with SMA+CD31+ on the irradiated skin. Furthermore, 2-ME significantly inhibited fibrotic changes and accumulated DNA damage in irradiated human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. Therefore, we suggest that 2-ME may be a potent therapeutic agent for RISI.
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McGill MR, Findley DL, Mazur A, Yee EU, Allard FD, Powers A, Coward L, Blough ER, Gorman G, Hambuchen MD. Radiation Effects on Methamphetamine Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Rats. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2022; 47:319-330. [PMID: 35137360 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-022-00755-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Whole-body radiation exposure has been shown to alter the pharmacokinetics of certain drugs in both animal models and humans, but little is known about the effect of radiation on psychoactive medications. These drugs may have altered pharmacokinetics when administered during or after space travel or therapeutic or accidental radiation exposure, resulting in reduced efficacy or increased toxicity. METHODS Methamphetamine was used to determine the effects of acutely administered 1, 3, and 6 Gy radiation on drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Male Wistar rats were exposed to 0, 1, 3, or 6 Gy X-ray radiation on day 0. The serum pharmacokinetics of subcutaneously administered 1 mg/kg methamphetamine was determined on day 3. Methamphetamine-induced (1 mg/kg) locomotor activity was measured on day 5. Brain methamphetamine concentrations were determined 2 h after methamphetamine administration (1 mg/kg) on day 6. Renal and hepatic serum biomarkers were assessed on days 3 and 6, with liver histology performed on day 6. RESULTS While serum half-life and unchanged methamphetamine urine clearance were unaffected by any radiation dose, maximum methamphetamine concentrations and methamphetamine and amphetamine metabolite area under the serum concentration-time curve values from 0 to 300 min were significantly reduced after 6 Gy radiation exposure. Additionally, methamphetamine-induced locomotor activity and the brain to serum methamphetamine concentration ratio were significantly elevated after 6 Gy radiation. CONCLUSIONS While 1-6 Gy radiation exposure did not affect methamphetamine elimination, 6 Gy exposure had effects on both subcutaneous absorption and brain distribution. These effects should be considered when administering drugs during or after radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell R McGill
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham Street, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - David L Findley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Kopp Hall 353, 1 John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA
| | - Anna Mazur
- Department of Biomedical Science, Marshall University School of Medicine, 1 John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA
| | - Eric U Yee
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Felicia D Allard
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Allison Powers
- Office of Radiation Safety, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA
| | - Lori Coward
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Social and Administrative Sciences, Samford University McWhorter School of Pharmacy, 800 Lakeshore Drive, Birmingham, AL, 35229, USA
| | - Eric R Blough
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Kopp Hall 353, 1 John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA
| | - Greg Gorman
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Social and Administrative Sciences, Samford University McWhorter School of Pharmacy, 800 Lakeshore Drive, Birmingham, AL, 35229, USA
| | - Michael D Hambuchen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Kopp Hall 353, 1 John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA.
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11
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Endothelial Shp2 deficiency controls alternative activation of macrophage preventing radiation-induced lung injury through Notch signaling. iScience 2022; 25:103867. [PMID: 35243230 PMCID: PMC8859005 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury is a common late side effect of thoracic radiotherapy. Endothelial dysfunction following leukocytes infiltration is a prominent feature in this process. Here, we established a clinical-mimicking mouse model of radiation-induced lung injury and found the activity of phosphatase Shp2 was elevated in endothelium after injury. Endothelium-specific Shp2 deletion mice showed relieved collagen deposition along with disrupted radiation-induced Jag1 expression in the endothelium. Furthermore, endothelium-derived Jag1 activated the alternative activation of macrophages in vitro and in vivo by paracrine Notch signaling. Consistently, the Notch pathway was significantly activated by chest irradiation in the peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with cancer. Collectively, our work demonstrates that Shp2 participates in the radiation-induced endothelial dysfunction and subsequently inflammatory microenvironment producing during radiation-induced lung injury. Our findings indicate Shp2 as a potential target for radiation-induced lung injury and provide another way for endothelium to participate in the pathological process of radiation-induced lung injury. Phosphatase activity of endothelial Shp2 is elevated by irradiation in vitro and in vivo Radiation-induced Jag1 is blocked in Shp2-deficient endothelium Loss of Shp2 in endothelium relieves radiation-induced pulmonary injury Shp2-deficient endothelium restrains macrophage activation via Notch signaling
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12
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Morilla I, Chan P, Caffin F, Svilar L, Selbonne S, Ladaigue S, Buard V, Tarlet G, Micheau B, Paget V, François A, Souidi M, Martin JC, Vaudry D, Benadjaoud MA, Milliat F, Guipaud O. Deep models of integrated multiscale molecular data decipher the endothelial cell response to ionizing radiation. iScience 2022; 25:103685. [PMID: 35106469 PMCID: PMC8786676 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium is a hot spot in the response to radiation therapy for both tumors and normal tissues. To improve patient outcomes, interpretable systemic hypotheses are needed to help radiobiologists and radiation oncologists propose endothelial targets that could protect normal tissues from the adverse effects of radiation therapy and/or enhance its antitumor potential. To this end, we captured the kinetics of multi-omics layers-i.e. miRNome, targeted transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome-in irradiated primary human endothelial cells cultured in vitro. We then designed a strategy of deep learning as in convolutional graph networks that facilitates unsupervised high-level feature extraction of important omics data to learn how ionizing radiation-induced endothelial dysfunction may evolve over time. Last, we present experimental data showing that some of the features identified using our approach are involved in the alteration of angiogenesis by ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Morilla
- IRSN, Radiobiology of Medical Exposure Laboratory (LRMed), Human Health Radiation Protection Unit, 92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
- Corresponding author
| | - Philippe Chan
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, PISSARO Proteomic Platform, 76821 Mont Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Fanny Caffin
- IRSN, Radiobiology of Medical Exposure Laboratory (LRMed), Human Health Radiation Protection Unit, 92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Ljubica Svilar
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13007 Marseille, France
- CriBioM, Criblage Biologique Marseille, Faculté de Médecine de la Timone, 13205 Marseille Cedex 01, France
| | - Sonia Selbonne
- IRSN, Radiobiology of Medical Exposure Laboratory (LRMed), Human Health Radiation Protection Unit, 92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Ségolène Ladaigue
- IRSN, Radiobiology of Medical Exposure Laboratory (LRMed), Human Health Radiation Protection Unit, 92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
- Sorbonne University, Doctoral College, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Valérie Buard
- IRSN, Radiobiology of Medical Exposure Laboratory (LRMed), Human Health Radiation Protection Unit, 92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Georges Tarlet
- IRSN, Radiobiology of Medical Exposure Laboratory (LRMed), Human Health Radiation Protection Unit, 92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Béatrice Micheau
- IRSN, Radiobiology of Medical Exposure Laboratory (LRMed), Human Health Radiation Protection Unit, 92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Vincent Paget
- IRSN, Radiobiology of Medical Exposure Laboratory (LRMed), Human Health Radiation Protection Unit, 92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Agnès François
- IRSN, Radiobiology of Medical Exposure Laboratory (LRMed), Human Health Radiation Protection Unit, 92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Maâmar Souidi
- IRSN, Radiobiology of Accidental Exposure Laboratory (LRAcc), Human Health Radiation Protection Unit, 92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Jean-Charles Martin
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13007 Marseille, France
- CriBioM, Criblage Biologique Marseille, Faculté de Médecine de la Timone, 13205 Marseille Cedex 01, France
| | - David Vaudry
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, PISSARO Proteomic Platform, 76821 Mont Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Mohamed-Amine Benadjaoud
- IRSN, Radiobiology and Regenerative Medicine Research Service (SERAMED), 92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Fabien Milliat
- IRSN, Radiobiology of Medical Exposure Laboratory (LRMed), Human Health Radiation Protection Unit, 92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Olivier Guipaud
- IRSN, Radiobiology of Medical Exposure Laboratory (LRMed), Human Health Radiation Protection Unit, 92260 Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
- Corresponding author
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Transcriptomic profiling and pathway analysis of cultured human lung microvascular endothelial cells following ionizing radiation exposure. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24214. [PMID: 34930946 PMCID: PMC8688546 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular system is sensitive to radiation injury, and vascular damage is believed to play a key role in delayed tissue injury such as pulmonary fibrosis. However, the response of endothelial cells to radiation is not completely understood. We examined the response of primary human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC) to 10 Gy (1.15 Gy/min) X-irradiation. HLMVEC underwent senescence (80-85%) with no significant necrosis or apoptosis. Targeted RT-qPCR showed increased expression of genes CDKN1A and MDM2 (10-120 min). Western blotting showed upregulation of p2/waf1, MDM2, ATM, and Akt phosphorylation (15 min-72 h). Low levels of apoptosis at 24-72 h were identified using nuclear morphology. To identify novel pathway regulation, RNA-seq was performed on mRNA using time points from 2 to 24 h post-irradiation. Gene ontology and pathway analysis revealed increased cell cycle inhibition, DNA damage response, pro- and anti- apoptosis, and pro-senescence gene expression. Based on published literature on inflammation and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) pathway genes, we identified increased expression of pro-inflammatory genes and EndMT-associated genes by 24 h. Together our data reveal a time course of integrated gene expression and protein activation leading from early DNA damage response and cell cycle arrest to senescence, pro-inflammatory gene expression, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
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Ben Kacem M, Benadjaoud MA, Dos Santos M, Buard V, Tarlet G, Le Guen B, François A, Guipaud O, Milliat F, Paget V. Variation of 4 MV X-ray dose rate in fractionated irradiation strongly impacts biological endothelial cell response in vitro. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 98:50-59. [PMID: 34705615 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.1998703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Even though X-ray beams are widely used in medical diagnosis or radiotherapy, the comparisons of their dose rates are scarce. We have recently demonstrated in vitro (clonogenic assay, cell viability, cell cycle, senescence) and in vivo (weight follow-up of animals and bordering epithelium staining of lesion), that for a single dose of irradiation, the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) deviates from 1 (up to twofold greater severe damage at the highest dose rate depending on the assay) when increasing the dose rate of high energy X-ray beams. MATERIAL AND METHODS To further investigate the impact of the dose rate on RBE, in this study, we performed in vitro fractionated irradiations by using the same two dose rates (0.63 and 2.5 Gy.min-1) of high-energy X-rays (both at 4 MV) on normal endothelial cells (HUVECs). We investigated the viability/mortality, characterized radiation-induced senescence by using flow cytometry and measured gene analysis deregulations on custom arrays. RESULTS The overall results enlighten that, in fractionated irradiations when varying the dose rate of high-energy X-rays, the RBE of photons deviates from 1 (up to 2.86 for viability/mortality experiments performed 21 days postirradiation). CONCLUSION These results strengthen the interest of multiparametric analysis approaches in providing an accurate evaluation of the outcomes of irradiated cells in support of clonogenic assays, especially when such assays are not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ben Kacem
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Mohamed A Benadjaoud
- Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Morgane Dos Santos
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of Radiobiology of Accidental exposures (LRAcc), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Valérie Buard
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Georges Tarlet
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - A François
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - O Guipaud
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - F Milliat
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Vincent Paget
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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Franzese O, Torino F, Giannetti E, Cioccoloni G, Aquino A, Faraoni I, Fuggetta MP, De Vecchis L, Giuliani A, Kaina B, Bonmassar E. Abscopal Effect and Drug-Induced Xenogenization: A Strategic Alliance in Cancer Treatment? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910672. [PMID: 34639014 PMCID: PMC8509363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current state of cancer treatment is still far from being satisfactory considering the strong impairment of patients' quality of life and the high lethality of malignant diseases. Therefore, it is critical for innovative approaches to be tested in the near future. In view of the crucial role that is played by tumor immunity, the present review provides essential information on the immune-mediated effects potentially generated by the interplay between ionizing radiation and cytotoxic antitumor agents when interacting with target malignant cells. Therefore, the radiation-dependent abscopal effect (i.e., a biological effect of ionizing radiation that occurs outside the irradiated field), the influence of cancer chemotherapy on the antigenic pattern of target neoplastic cells, and the immunogenic cell death (ICD) caused by anticancer agents are the main topics of this presentation. It is widely accepted that tumor immunity plays a fundamental role in generating an abscopal effect and that anticancer drugs can profoundly influence not only the host immune responses, but also the immunogenic pattern of malignant cells. Remarkably, several anticancer drugs impact both the abscopal effect and ICD. In addition, certain classes of anticancer agents are able to amplify already expressed tumor-associated antigens (TAA). More importantly, other drugs, especially triazenes, induce the appearance of new tumor neoantigens (TNA), a phenomenon that we termed drug-induced xenogenization (DIX). The adoption of the abscopal effect is proposed as a potential therapeutic modality when properly applied concomitantly with drug-induced increase in tumor cell immunogenicity and ICD. Although little to no preclinical or clinical studies are presently available on this subject, we discuss this issue in terms of potential mechanisms and therapeutic benefits. Upcoming investigations are aimed at evaluating how chemical anticancer drugs, radiation, and immunotherapies are interacting and cooperate in evoking the abscopal effect, tumor xenogenization and ICD, paving the way for new and possibly successful approaches in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Franzese
- School of Medicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (G.C.); (A.A.); (I.F.); (L.D.V.)
| | - Francesco Torino
- Department of Systems Medicine, Medical Oncology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (E.G.)
| | - Elisa Giannetti
- Department of Systems Medicine, Medical Oncology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (E.G.)
| | - Giorgia Cioccoloni
- School of Medicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (G.C.); (A.A.); (I.F.); (L.D.V.)
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS29JT, UK
| | - Angelo Aquino
- School of Medicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (G.C.); (A.A.); (I.F.); (L.D.V.)
| | - Isabella Faraoni
- School of Medicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (G.C.); (A.A.); (I.F.); (L.D.V.)
| | - Maria Pia Fuggetta
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.P.F.); (A.G.)
| | - Liana De Vecchis
- School of Medicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (G.C.); (A.A.); (I.F.); (L.D.V.)
| | - Anna Giuliani
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.P.F.); (A.G.)
| | - Bernd Kaina
- Institute of Toxicology, University Medical Center, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
- Correspondence: (B.K.); (E.B.)
| | - Enzo Bonmassar
- School of Medicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (G.C.); (A.A.); (I.F.); (L.D.V.)
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.P.F.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: (B.K.); (E.B.)
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Lacerda Q, Tantawi M, Leeper DB, Wheatley MA, Eisenbrey JR. Emerging Applications of Ultrasound-Contrast Agents in Radiation Therapy. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2021; 47:1465-1474. [PMID: 33653626 PMCID: PMC8044052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) causes DNA damage through ionization, leading to double-strand breaks. In addition, it generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are toxic to tumor cells and the vasculature. However, hypoxic regions in the tumor have been shown to not only decrease treatment response but also increase the likelihood of recurrence and metastasis. Ultrasound-sensitive micro-bubbles are emerging as a useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool within RT. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has shown great promise in early prediction of tumor response to RT. Ultrasound-triggered micro-bubble cavitation has also been shown to induce bio-effects that can sensitize angiogenic tumor vessels to RT. Additionally, ultrasound can trigger the release of drugs from micro-bubble carriers via localized micro-bubble destruction. This approach has numerous applications in RT, including targeted oxygen delivery before radiotherapy. Furthermore, micro-bubbles can be used to locally create ROS without radiation. Sonodynamic therapy uses focused ultrasound and a sonosensitizer to selectively produce ROS in the tumor region and has been explored as a treatment option for cancer. This review summarizes emerging applications of ultrasound contrast agents in RT and ROS augmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quezia Lacerda
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mohamed Tantawi
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dennis B Leeper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Margaret A Wheatley
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John R Eisenbrey
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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17
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Du F, Liu H, Wang W, Zhang Y, Li J. Correlation Between Lung Density Changes Under Different Dose Gradients and Radiation Pneumonitis-Based on an Analysis of Computed Tomography Scans During Esophageal Cancer Radiotherapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:650764. [PMID: 34123799 PMCID: PMC8187904 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.650764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the relationship between different doses of radiation and lung density changes and to determine the ability of this correlation to identify esophageal cancer (EC) patients who develop radiation pneumonitis (RP) and the occurrence time of RP. Methods A planning computed tomography (CT) scan and a re-planning CT scan were retrospectively collected under institutional review board approval for each of 103 thoracic segment EC patients who underwent radiotherapy (RT). The isodose curve was established on the planning CT with an interval of 5 Gy, which was used as the standard for dividing different gradient doses. Planning CT and re-planning CT scans were matched and the mean lung CT value (HU) between different doses gradients was automatically obtained by the software system. The density change value (ΔHU) was the difference of CT value between each dose gradient before and after treatment. The correlation between ΔHU and the corresponding dose was calculated, as well as the regression coefficients. Additionally the correlation between ΔHU and the occurrence and time of RP (< 4 weeks, 4-12 weeks, > 12 weeks) was calculated. Results The radiation dose and ΔHU was positively correlated, but the correlation coefficient and regression coefficient were lower, 0.261 (P <0.001) and 0.127 (P <0.001), respectively. With the increase of radiation dose gradient, ΔHU in RP≥2 group was higher than that in RP<2 group, and there was significant difference between two groups in ΔHU20-25, ΔHU25-30, ΔHU30-35, ΔHU35-40, ΔHU40-45, ΔHU45-50 (p<0.05). The occurrence time of RP was negatively correlated with the degree of ΔHU (P<0.05), with a high correlation coefficient (Y = week actual value -0.521, P < 0.001) (Y = week grade value -0.381, P = 0.004) and regression coefficient (Y = week actual value -0.503, P<0.001) (Y = week rating value -0.401, P=0.002). Conclusions A relationship between radiation dose and lung density changes was observed. For most dose intervals, there was an increase of ΔHU with an increased radiation dose, although low correlation coefficient. ΔHU were obvious after irradiation with dose ≥20 Gy which was closely related to the occurrence of RP. For patients with RP, the more obvious ΔHU, the earlier the occurrence of RP, there was a significant negative correlation between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Du
- School of Clinical Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jianbin Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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18
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Constanzo J, Faget J, Ursino C, Badie C, Pouget JP. Radiation-Induced Immunity and Toxicities: The Versatility of the cGAS-STING Pathway. Front Immunol 2021; 12:680503. [PMID: 34079557 PMCID: PMC8165314 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.680503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, radiation therapy (RT) entered the era of personalized medicine, following the striking improvements in radiation delivery and treatment planning optimization, and in the understanding of the cancer response, including the immunological response. The next challenge is to identify the optimal radiation regimen(s) to induce a clinically relevant anti-tumor immunity response. Organs at risks and the tumor microenvironment (e.g. endothelial cells, macrophages and fibroblasts) often limit the radiation regimen effects due to adverse toxicities. Here, we reviewed how RT can modulate the immune response involved in the tumor control and side effects associated with inflammatory processes. Moreover, we discussed the versatile roles of tumor microenvironment components during RT, how the innate immune sensing of RT-induced genotoxicity, through the cGAS-STING pathway, might link the anti-tumor immune response, radiation-induced necrosis and radiation-induced fibrosis, and how a better understanding of the switch between favorable and deleterious events might help to define innovative approaches to increase RT benefits in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Constanzo
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Julien Faget
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Chiara Ursino
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Badie
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards Public Health England Chilton, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Pierre Pouget
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Mechanisms of radiation-induced endothelium damage: Emerging models and technologies. Radiother Oncol 2021; 158:21-32. [PMID: 33581220 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced endothelial/vascular injury is a major complicating factor in radiotherapy and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in nuclear or radiological catastrophes. Exposure of tissue to ionizing radiation (IR) leads to the release of oxygen radicals and proteases that result in loss of endothelial barrier function and leukocyte dysfunction leading to tissue injury and organ damage. Microvascular endothelial cells are particularly sensitive to IR and radiation-induced alterations in endothelial cell function are thought to be a critical factor in organ damage through endothelial cell activation, enhanced leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, increased barrier permeability and initiation of apoptotic pathways. These radiation-induced inflammatory responses are important in early and late radiation pathologies in various organs. A better understanding of mechanisms of radiation-induced endothelium dysfunction is therefore vital, as radiobiological response of endothelium is of major importance for medical management and therapeutic development for radiation injuries. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of cellular and molecular mechanisms of radiation-induced endothelium damage and their impact on early and late radiation injury. Furthermore, we review established and emerging in vivo and in vitro models that have been developed to study the mechanisms of radiation-induced endothelium damage and to design, develop and rapidly screen therapeutics for treatment of radiation-induced vascular damage. Currently there are no specific therapeutics available to protect against radiation-induced loss of endothelial barrier function, leukocyte dysfunction and resulting organ damage. Developing therapeutics to prevent endothelium dysfunction and normal tissue damage during radiotherapy can serve as the urgently needed medical countermeasures.
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The dose-response characteristics of four NTCP models: using a novel CT-based radiomic method to quantify radiation-induced lung density changes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10559. [PMID: 32601297 PMCID: PMC7324586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67499-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple competing normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models have been proposed for predicting symptomatic radiation-induced lung injury in human. In this paper we tested the efficacy of four common NTCP models applied quantitatively to sub-clinical X-ray computed tomography (CT)-density changes in the lung following radiotherapy. Radiotherapy planning datasets and follow-up chest CTs were obtained in eight patients treated for targets within the lung or hilar region. Image pixel-wise radiation dose exposure versus change in observable CT Hounsfield units was recorded for early (2-5 months) and late (6-9 months) time-points. Four NTCP models, Lyman, Logistic, Weibull and Poisson, were fit to the population data. The quality of fits was assessed by five statistical criteria. All four models fit the data significantly (p < 0.05) well at early, late and cumulative time points. The Lyman model fitted best for early effects while the Weibull Model fitted best for late effects. No significant difference was found between the fits of the models and with respect to parameters D50 and γ50. The D50 estimates were more robust than γ50 to image registration error. For analyzing population-based sub-clinical CT pixel intensity-based dose response, all four models performed well.
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21
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Variation of 4 MV X-ray dose rate strongly impacts biological response both in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7021. [PMID: 32341396 PMCID: PMC7184727 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64067-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Whereas an RBE > 1 is described for very low-energy X-ray beams (in the range of 25–50 kV), there is a consensus that the RBE of X-rays (from 0.1 to 3 MeV) is equal to 1, whatever the energy or dose rate of the beam. Comparisons of X-ray beam dose rates are scarce even though these beams are widely used in medical diagnosis or radiotherapy. By using two dose rates (0.63 and 2.5 Gy.min−1) of high-energy X-rays on normal endothelial cells (HUVECs), we have studied the clonogenic assay, but also viability/mortality, cell cycle analysis and measured cellular senescence by flow cytometry, and have performed gene analysis on custom arrays. In order to consolidate these data, we performed localized irradiation of exteriorized small intestine at 0.63 and 2.5 Gy.min−1. Interestingly, in vivo validation has shown a significantly higher loss of weight at the higher dose when irradiating to 19 Gy a small fragment of exteriorized small intestine of C57Bl6J mice. Nevertheless, no significant differences were observed in lesioned scores between the two dose rates, while bordering epithelium staining indicated twofold greater severe damage at 2.5 Gy.min−1 compared to 0.63 Gy.min−1 at one week post-irradiation. Taken together, these experiments systematically show that the relative biological effectiveness of photons is different from 1 when varying the dose rate of high-energy X-rays. Moreover, these results strongly suggest that, in support of clonogenic assay, multiparametric analysis should be considered to provide an accurate evaluation of the outcome of irradiated cells.
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Caveolin-1 regulates the ASMase/ceramide-mediated radiation response of endothelial cells in the context of tumor-stroma interactions. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:228. [PMID: 32273493 PMCID: PMC7145831 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2418-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The integral membrane protein caveolin-1 (CAV1) plays a central role in radioresistance-mediating tumor–stroma interactions of advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Among the tumor–stroma, endothelial cells (EC) evolved as critical determinants of the radiation response. CAV1 deficiency in angiogenic EC was already shown to account for increased apoptosis rates of irradiated EC. This study explores the potential impact of differential CAV1 levels in EC on the acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase)/ceramide pathway as a key player in the regulation of EC apoptosis upon irradiation and cancer cell radioresistance. Enhanced apoptosis sensitivity of CAV1-deficient EC was associated with increased ASMase activity, ceramide generation, formation of large lipid platforms, and finally an altered p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/heat-shock protein 27 (HSP27)/AKT (protein kinase B, PKB) signaling. CAV1-deficient EC increased the growth delay of LNCaP and PC3 PCa cells upon radiation treatment in direct 3D spheroid co-cultures. Exogenous C6 and C16 ceramide treatment in parallel increased the growth delay of PCa spheroids and induced PCa cell apoptosis. Analysis of the respective ceramide species in PCa cells with increased CAV1 levels like those typically found in radio-resistant advanced prostate tumors further revealed an upregulation of unsaturated C24:1 ceramide that might scavenge the effects of EC-derived apoptosis-inducing C16 ceramide. Higher ASMase as well as ceramide levels could be confirmed by immunohistochemistry in human advanced prostate cancer specimen bearing characteristic CAV1 tumor–stroma alterations. Conclusively, CAV1 critically regulates the generation of ceramide-dependent (re-)organization of the plasma membrane that in turn affects the radiation response of EC and adjacent PCa cells. Understanding the CAV1-dependent crosstalk between tumor cells and the host-derived tumor microvasculature and its impact on radiosensitivity may allow to define a rational strategy for overcoming tumor radiation resistance improving clinical outcomes by targeting CAV1.
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Chronic activation of endothelial MAPK disrupts hematopoiesis via NFKB dependent inflammatory stress reversible by SCGF. Nat Commun 2020; 11:666. [PMID: 32015345 PMCID: PMC6997369 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14478-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory signals arising from the microenvironment have emerged as critical regulators of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function during diverse processes including embryonic development, infectious diseases, and myelosuppressive injuries caused by irradiation and chemotherapy. However, the contributions of cellular subsets within the microenvironment that elicit niche-driven inflammation remain poorly understood. Here, we identify endothelial cells as a crucial component in driving bone marrow (BM) inflammation and HSC dysfunction observed following myelosuppression. We demonstrate that sustained activation of endothelial MAPK causes NF-κB-dependent inflammatory stress response within the BM, leading to significant HSC dysfunction including loss of engraftment ability and a myeloid-biased output. These phenotypes are resolved upon inhibition of endothelial NF-κB signaling. We identify SCGF as a niche-derived factor that suppresses BM inflammation and enhances hematopoietic recovery following myelosuppression. Our findings demonstrate that chronic endothelial inflammation adversely impacts niche activity and HSC function which is reversible upon suppression of inflammation.
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24
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Turnquist C, Harris BT, Harris CC. Radiation-induced brain injury: current concepts and therapeutic strategies targeting neuroinflammation. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 2:vdaa057. [PMID: 32642709 PMCID: PMC7271559 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Continued improvements in cancer therapies have increased the number of long-term cancer survivors. Radiation therapy remains one of the primary treatment modalities with about 60% of newly diagnosed cancer patients receiving radiation during the course of their disease. While radiation therapy has dramatically improved patient survival in a number of cancer types, the late effects remain a significant factor affecting the quality of life particularly in pediatric patients. Radiation-induced brain injury can result in cognitive dysfunction, including hippocampal-related learning and memory dysfunction that can escalate to dementia. In this article, we review the current understanding of the mechanisms behind radiation-induced brain injury focusing on the role of neuroinflammation and reduced hippocampal neurogenesis. Approaches to prevent or ameliorate treatment-induced side effects are also discussed along with remaining challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casmir Turnquist
- University of Oxford Medical School, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Brent T Harris
- Departments of Neurology and Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Curtis C Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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25
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Paget V, Ben Kacem M, Dos Santos M, Benadjaoud MA, Soysouvanh F, Buard V, Georges T, Vaurijoux A, Gruel G, François A, Guipaud O, Milliat F. Multiparametric radiobiological assays show that variation of X-ray energy strongly impacts relative biological effectiveness: comparison between 220 kV and 4 MV. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14328. [PMID: 31586152 PMCID: PMC6778087 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50908-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on classic clonogenic assay, it is accepted by the scientific community that, whatever the energy, the relative biological effectiveness of X-rays is equal to 1. However, although X-ray beams are widely used in diagnosis, interventional medicine and radiotherapy, comparisons of their energies are scarce. We therefore assessed in vitro the effects of low- and high-energy X-rays using Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by performing clonogenic assay, measuring viability/mortality, counting γ-H2AX foci, studying cell proliferation and cellular senescence by flow cytometry and by performing gene analysis on custom arrays. Taken together, excepted for γ-H2AX foci counts, these experiments systematically show more adverse effects of high energy X-rays, while the relative biological effectiveness of photons is around 1, whatever the quality of the X-ray beam. These results strongly suggest that multiparametric analysis should be considered in support of clonogenic assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Paget
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed), Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92260, France.
| | - Mariam Ben Kacem
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed), Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92260, France
| | - Morgane Dos Santos
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of Radiobiology of Accidental exposures (LRAcc), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Mohamed A Benadjaoud
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Frédéric Soysouvanh
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed), Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92260, France
| | - Valérie Buard
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed), Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92260, France
| | - Tarlet Georges
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed), Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92260, France
| | - Aurélie Vaurijoux
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of Radiobiology of Accidental exposures (LRAcc), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Gaëtan Gruel
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of Radiobiology of Accidental exposures (LRAcc), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Agnès François
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed), Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92260, France
| | - Olivier Guipaud
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed), Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92260, France
| | - Fabien Milliat
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Department of RAdiobiology and regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed), Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92260, France
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26
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Mousavi Z, Yazdani Z, Moradabadi A, Hoseinpourkasgari F, Hassanshahi G. Role of some members of chemokine/cytokine network in the pathogenesis of thalassemia and sickle cell hemoglobinopathies: a mini review. Exp Hematol Oncol 2019; 8:21. [PMID: 31528501 PMCID: PMC6737600 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-019-0145-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The word of hemoglobinopathy is described for an array of disorders that affecting hemoglobin (Hb) functions. Hb is a molecule with 68 kDa molecular weight, serving as oxygen carrying metalloprotein. Hemoglobinopathy includes a wide range of Hb structural deficits varying from thalassemia to sickle cell disease. Cyto-chemokine network members are pivotally involved in the pathogenesis of hemoglobinopathies, however, the exact role of these mediators in the development of these disorders yet to be well addressed. Cytokines and chemokines are generated by inflamed endothelial cells that promote the expression of their respected receptors and further activate NF-κβ, recruit red blood cells (RBCs) and white blood cells (WBCs) toward the inflamed endothelium. Therefore, due to critical roles played by the cyto-chemokine network in several aspects of hemoglobinopathies pathophysiology including apoptosis of endothelial cells, RBC, WBC and etc.…, in the present review, we focused on the critical parts played by this network in the pathogenesis of hemoglobinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mousavi
- Department of Hematology and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Zinat Yazdani
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Moradabadi
- Department of Hematology, School of Paramedicine, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran
| | | | - Gholamhossein Hassanshahi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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27
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Jang H, Lee J, Park S, Kim JS, Shim S, Lee SB, Han SH, Myung H, Kim H, Jang WS, Lee SJ, Myung JK. Baicalein Mitigates Radiation-Induced Enteritis by Improving Endothelial Dysfunction. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:892. [PMID: 31474856 PMCID: PMC6707809 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Radiation-induced intestinal injury occurred in application of radiotherapy for abdominal and pelvic cancers or in nuclear accidents. Radiation-induced enteritis may be considered an ideal model of gastrointestinal inflammation. The endothelium is a crucial component of inflammation, and the endothelial dysfunction following radiation exposure induces the intestinal proinflammatory response and progression of radiation enteritis. Baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxyflavonoid) is a flavonoid from Scutellaria baicalensis used in oriental herbal medicine. Baicalein has been found to have multiple beneficial properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anti-cancer activities. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effects of baicalein on endothelial dysfunction in radiation-induced intestinal inflammation. Materials and Methods: We performed histological analysis, bacterial translocation, and intestinal permeability assays and also assessed infiltration of leukocytes and inflammatory cytokine expression using a mouse model of radiation-induced enteritis. In addition, to investigate the effect of baicalein in endothelial dysfunction, we analyzed endothelial-derived adherent molecules in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and irradiated intestinal tissue. Results: Histological damage such as shortening of villi length and impaired intestinal crypt function was observed in the radiation-induced enteritis mouse model. Intestinal damage was attenuated in baicalein-treated groups with improvement of intestinal barrier function. Baicalein inhibited the expression of radiation-induced adherent molecules in HUVECs and intestine of irradiated mouse and decreased leukocyte infiltration in the radiation-induced enteritis. Conclusions: Baicalein could accelerate crypt regeneration via recovery of endothelial damage. Therefore, baicalein has a therapeutic effect on radiation-induced intestinal inflammation by attenuating endothelial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyosun Jang
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Janet Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunhoo Park
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joong Sun Kim
- Herbal Medicine Resources Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sehwan Shim
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Bum Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Honn Han
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunwook Myung
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyewon Kim
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won-Suk Jang
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun-Joo Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Myung
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
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28
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MitraClip for radiotherapy-related mitral valve regurgitation. Hellenic J Cardiol 2019; 60:232-238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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29
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Banerjee S, Selim M, Saha A, Mukherjea KK. Radiation induced DNA damage and its protection by a gadolinium(III) complex: Spectroscopic, molecular docking and gel electrophoretic studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 127:520-528. [PMID: 30633933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The current work describes the efficacy of an artificially synthesized Gd(III) complex as a potential radioprotecting molecule. The work involves utilization of spectroscopic and electrophoretic techniques to investigate the radioprotecting behavior of the Gd(III) complex. Spectroscopic studies revealed that the complex interacted strongly with DNA while molecular docking studies suggested groove binding through H-bond formation and other non-covalent interactions. The Gd(III) complex was found to impart 94% and 91% protection to irradiatively damaged DNA at radiation doses of 20 and 25 Gy respectively. The protection is believed to occur via radical scavenging mechanism and the antioxidant behavior of the complex suggested a strong radical scavenging property.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Selim
- Department of Chemistry, Vivekananda College, Thakurpukur, Kolkata 700063, India
| | - Abhijit Saha
- UGC-DAE-CSR, Kolkata Centre, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700098, India
| | - Kalyan K Mukherjea
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India; Department of Chemistry, Aliah University, Newtown, Kolkata 700160, India.
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30
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Dos Santos M, Paget V, Ben Kacem M, Trompier F, Benadjaoud MA, François A, Guipaud O, Benderitter M, Milliat F. Importance of dosimetry protocol for cell irradiation on a low X-rays facility and consequences for the biological response. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 94:597-606. [PMID: 29701998 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1466205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The main objective of radiobiology is to establish links between doses and radiation-induced biological effects. In this context, well-defined dosimetry protocols are crucial to the determination of experimental protocols. This work proposes a new dosimetry protocol for cell irradiation in a SARRP and shows the importance of the modification of some parameters defined in dosimetry protocol for physical dose and biological outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Once all parameters of the configuration were defined, dosimetry measurements with ionization chambers and EBT3 films were performed to evaluate the dose rate and the attenuation due to the cell culture medium. To evaluate the influence of changes in cell culture volume and/or additional filtration, 6-well plates containing EBT3 films with water were used to determine the impact on the physical dose at 80 kV. Then, experiments with the same irradiation conditions were performed by replacing EBT3 films by HUVECs. The biological response was assessed using clonogenic assay. RESULTS Using a 0.15 mm copper filter lead to a variation of +1% using medium thickness of 0.104 cm to -8% using a medium thickness of 0.936 cm on the physical dose compare to the reference condition (0.313 cm). For the 1 mm aluminum filter, a variation of +8 to -40% for the same medium thickness conditions has been observed. Cells irradiated in the same conditions showed significant differences in survival fraction, corroborating the effects of dosimetric changes on physical dose. CONCLUSIONS This work shows the importance of dosimetry in radiobiology studies and the need of an accurate description of the dosimetry protocol used for irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Dos Santos
- a Department of RAdiobiology and Regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of Radiobiology of Accidental Exposures (LRAcc) , Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) , Fontenay-aux-Roses , France
| | - Vincent Paget
- b Department of RAdiobiology and Regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed) , Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) , Fontenay-aux-Roses , France
| | - Mariam Ben Kacem
- b Department of RAdiobiology and Regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed) , Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) , Fontenay-aux-Roses , France
| | - François Trompier
- c Department of DOSimetry (SDOS), Ionizing Radiation Dosimetry Laboratory (LDRI) , Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) , Fontenay-aux-Roses , France
| | - Mohamed Amine Benadjaoud
- d Department of RAdiobiology and Regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED) , Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) , Fontenay-aux-Roses , France
| | - Agnès François
- b Department of RAdiobiology and Regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed) , Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) , Fontenay-aux-Roses , France
| | - Olivier Guipaud
- b Department of RAdiobiology and Regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed) , Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) , Fontenay-aux-Roses , France
| | - Marc Benderitter
- d Department of RAdiobiology and Regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED) , Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) , Fontenay-aux-Roses , France
| | - Fabien Milliat
- b Department of RAdiobiology and Regenerative MEDicine (SERAMED), Laboratory of MEDical Radiobiology (LRMed) , Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) , Fontenay-aux-Roses , France
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Paganetti H, Blakely E, Carabe-Fernandez A, Carlson DJ, Das IJ, Dong L, Grosshans D, Held KD, Mohan R, Moiseenko V, Niemierko A, Stewart RD, Willers H. Report of the AAPM TG-256 on the relative biological effectiveness of proton beams in radiation therapy. Med Phys 2019; 46:e53-e78. [PMID: 30661238 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological effectiveness of proton beams relative to photon beams in radiation therapy has been taken to be 1.1 throughout the history of proton therapy. While potentially appropriate as an average value, actual relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values may differ. This Task Group report outlines the basic concepts of RBE as well as the biophysical interpretation and mathematical concepts. The current knowledge on RBE variations is reviewed and discussed in the context of the current clinical use of RBE and the clinical relevance of RBE variations (with respect to physical as well as biological parameters). The following task group aims were designed to guide the current clinical practice: Assess whether the current clinical practice of using a constant RBE for protons should be revised or maintained. Identifying sites and treatment strategies where variable RBE might be utilized for a clinical benefit. Assess the potential clinical consequences of delivering biologically weighted proton doses based on variable RBE and/or LET models implemented in treatment planning systems. Recommend experiments needed to improve our current understanding of the relationships among in vitro, in vivo, and clinical RBE, and the research required to develop models. Develop recommendations to minimize the effects of uncertainties associated with proton RBE for well-defined tumor types and critical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Paganetti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eleanor Blakely
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - David J Carlson
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Indra J Das
- New York University Langone Medical Center & Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Grosshans
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kathryn D Held
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Radhe Mohan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vitali Moiseenko
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrzej Niemierko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert D Stewart
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Henning Willers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Wiesemann A, Ketteler J, Slama A, Wirsdörfer F, Hager T, Röck K, Engel DR, Fischer JW, Aigner C, Jendrossek V, Klein D. Inhibition of Radiation-Induced Ccl2 Signaling Protects Lungs from Vascular Dysfunction and Endothelial Cell Loss. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:213-231. [PMID: 29463096 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity often precludes the application of curative radiation doses. Here we investigated the therapeutic potential of chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 (Ccl2) signaling inhibition to protect normal lung tissue from radiotherapy (RT)-induced injury. Results: RT-induced vascular dysfunction and associated adverse effects can be efficiently antagonized by inhibition of Ccl2 signaling using either the selective Ccl2 inhibitor bindarit (BIN) or mice deficient for the main Ccl2 receptor CCR2 (KO). BIN-treatment efficiently counteracted the RT-induced expression of Ccl2, normalized endothelial cell (EC) morphology and vascular function, and limited lung inflammation and metastasis early after irradiation (acute effects). A similar protection of the vascular compartment was detected by loss of Ccl2 signaling in lungs of CCR2-KO mice. Long-term Ccl2 signaling inhibition also significantly limited EC loss and accompanied fibrosis progression as adverse late effect. With respect to the human situation, we further confirmed that Ccl2 secreted by RT-induced senescent epithelial cells resulted in the activation of normally quiescent but DNA-damaged EC finally leading to EC loss in ex vivo cultured human normal lung tissue. Innovation: Abrogation of certain aspects of the secretome of irradiated resident lung cells, in particular signaling inhibition of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype-factor Ccl2 secreted predominantly by RT-induced senescent epithelial cells, resulted in protection of the endothelial compartment. Conclusions: Radioprotection of the normal tissue via Ccl2 signaling inhibition without simultaneous protection or preferable radiosensitization of tumor tissue might improve local tumor control and survival, because higher doses of radiation could be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Wiesemann
- 1 Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital , Essen, Germany
| | - Julia Ketteler
- 1 Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital , Essen, Germany
| | - Alexis Slama
- 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery and Surgical Endoscopy, Ruhrlandklinik-University Clinic Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Florian Wirsdörfer
- 1 Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital , Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Hager
- 3 Institute of Pathology, University Clinic Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Katharina Röck
- 4 Institute for Pharmacology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel R Engel
- 5 Department Immunodynamics, Institute of Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Jens W Fischer
- 4 Institute for Pharmacology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Clemens Aigner
- 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery and Surgical Endoscopy, Ruhrlandklinik-University Clinic Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- 1 Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital , Essen, Germany
| | - Diana Klein
- 1 Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital , Essen, Germany
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33
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Cardiovascular Damage Induced by Radiotherapy. CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN CANCER THERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-93402-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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External Beam Irradiation Preferentially Inhibits the Endochondral Pathway of Fracture Healing: A Rat Model. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2018; 476:2076-2090. [PMID: 30024459 PMCID: PMC6259865 DOI: 10.1097/corr.0000000000000395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND External beam irradiation is an accepted treatment for skeletal malignancies. Radiation acts on both cancerous and normal cells and, depending on the balance of these effects, may promote or impair bone healing after pathologic fracture. Previous studies suggest an adverse effect of radiation on endochondral ossification, but the existence of differential effects of radiation on the two distinct bone healing pathways is unknown. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES The purpose of this study was to investigate the differential effects of external beam irradiation on endochondral compared with intramembranous ossification with intramedullary nail and plate fixation of fractures inducing the two respective osseous healing pathways through assessment of (1) bone biology by histomorphometric analysis of cartilage area and micro-CT volumetric assessment of the calcified callus; and (2) mechanical properties of the healing fracture by four-point bending failure analysis of bending stiffness and strength. METHODS Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent bilateral iatrogenic femur fracture: one side was repaired with an intramedullary nail and the other with compression plating. Three days postoperatively, half (n = 18) received 8-Gray external beam irradiation to each fracture. Rodents were euthanized at 1, 2, and 4 weeks postoperatively (n = 3/group) for quantitative histomorphometry of cartilage area and micro-CT assessment of callus volume. The remaining rodents were euthanized at 3 months (n = 9/group) and subjected to four-point bending tests to assess stiffness and maximum strength. RESULTS Nailed femurs that were irradiated exhibited a reduction in cartilage area at both 2 weeks (1.08 ± 1.13 mm versus 37.32 ± 19.88 mm; 95% confidence interval [CI] of the difference, 4.32-68.16 mm; p = 0.034) and 4 weeks (4.60 ± 3.97 mm versus 39.10 ± 16.28 mm; 95% CI of the difference, 7.64-61.36 mm; p = 0.023) compared with nonirradiated fractures. There was also a decrease in the volume ratio of calcified callus at 4 weeks (0.35 ± 0.08 versus 0.51 ± 0.05; 95% CI of the difference, 0.01-0.31; p = 0.042) compared with nonirradiated fractures. By contrast, there was no difference in cartilage area or calcified callus between irradiated and nonirradiated plated femurs. The stiffness (128.84 ± 76.60 N/mm versus 26.99 ± 26.07 N/mm; 95% CI of the difference, 44.67-159.03 N/mm; p = 0.012) and maximum strength (41.44 ± 22.06 N versus 23.75 ± 11.00 N; 95% CI of the difference, 0.27-35.11 N; p = 0.047) of irradiated plated femurs was greater than the irradiated nailed femurs. However, for nonirradiated femurs, the maximum strength of nailed fractures (36.05 ± 17.34 N versus 15.63 ± 5.19 N; 95% CI of the difference, 3.96-36.88 N; p = 0.022) was greater than plated fractures, and there was no difference in stiffness between the nailed and plated fractures. CONCLUSIONS In this model, external beam irradiation was found to preferentially inhibit endochondral over intramembranous ossification with the greatest impairment in healing of radiated fractures repaired with intramedullary nails compared with those fixed with plates. Future work with larger sample sizes might focus on further elucidating the observed differences in mechanical properties. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This work suggests that there may be a rationale for compression plating rather than intramedullary nailing of long bone fractures in select circumstances where bony union is desirable, adjunctive radiation treatment is required, and bone stock is sufficient for plate and screw fixation.
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Abstract
Cardiologists are seeing an increasing number of oncology patients every day, and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the problems patients encounter during follow-up. Cardio-oncology is the care of patients with cancer and cardiovascular disease, whether overt or occult, already established or acquired during treatment. Cardiovascular complications can occur acutely during or shortly after treatment and persist as long-term effects for months to years after treatment. As a delayed effect of cancer treatment, cardiovascular damage can occur months to years after the initial treatment. Vasospasm, thrombosis, and radiation-induced cardiovascular diseases can all cause ACS. Careful surveillance of ACS symptoms and regular screening during follow-up of patients with malignancy are suggested. In this review, we summarize the ACS we usually encounter during a range of cancer treatments or post cancer survival by providing illustrative case examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begum Yetis Sayin
- Department of Cardiology, Memorial Ankara Hospital, Mevlana Boulevard number 4, Balgat, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Ali Oto
- Department of Cardiology, Memorial Ankara Hospital, Mevlana Boulevard number 4, Balgat, Ankara, Turkey
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Nguyen HQ, To NH, Zadigue P, Kerbrat S, De La Taille A, Le Gouvello S, Belkacemi Y. Ionizing radiation-induced cellular senescence promotes tissue fibrosis after radiotherapy. A review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 129:13-26. [PMID: 30097231 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation-exposure induces a variety of cellular reactions, such as senescence and apoptosis. Senescence is a permanent arrest state of the cell division, which can be beneficial or detrimental for normal tissue via an inflammatory response and senescence-associated secretion phenotype. Damage to healthy cells and their microenvironment is considered as an important source of early and late complications with an increased risk of morbidity in patients after radiotherapy (RT). In addition, the benefit/risk ratio may depend on the radiation technique/dose used for cancer eradication and the irradiated volume of healthy tissues. For radiation-induced fibrosis risk, the knowledge of mechanisms and potential prevention has become a crucial point to determining radiation parameters and patients' intrinsic radiosensitivity. This review summarizes our understanding of ionizing radiation-induced senescent cell in fibrogenesis. This mechanism may provide new insights for therapeutic modalities for better risk/benefit ratios after RT in the new era of personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Quy Nguyen
- University of Paris Saclay, University of Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), France, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; INSERM U955 Team 07, Créteil, France
| | - Nhu Hanh To
- INSERM U955 Team 07, Créteil, France; APHP, Department of Radiation Oncology and Henri Mondor Breast Cancer and, Henri Mondor University Hospital, University of Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), France
| | | | - Stéphane Kerbrat
- INSERM U955 Team 04, University of Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), France
| | - Alexandre De La Taille
- INSERM U955 Team 07, Créteil, France; APHP, Department of Urology, Henri Mondor University Hospital, University of Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Sabine Le Gouvello
- INSERM U955 Team 04, University of Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), France; APHP, Department of Biology & Pathology, Henri Mondor University Hospital, University of Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Yazid Belkacemi
- INSERM U955 Team 07, Créteil, France; APHP, Department of Radiation Oncology and Henri Mondor Breast Cancer and, Henri Mondor University Hospital, University of Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), France.
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Wang JT, Xie WQ, Liu FQ, Bi Y, Zhu XJ, Wang QE, Zheng YF. NADH protect against radiation enteritis by enhancing autophagy and inhibiting inflammation through PI3K/AKT pathway. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:1713-1721. [PMID: 30018712 PMCID: PMC6038089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an important method for cancer treatment but it has serious side-effects at high doses. One of the greatest challenges in radiotherapy is that radiation affects both healthy tissue and cancer tissues. For abdominal or pelvic lesions, the bowel is the most easily injured by irradiation. Radiation may cause radiation enteritis, intestinal inflammatory infiltration, or intestinal perforation. Coenzyme NADH involves in energy metabolism and transportation of nucleic acid, proteins and carbohydrates. In our study, NADH was used to protect the intestinal wall from irradiation injury in IEC-6 normal intestinal epithelial cells. By flow cytometry, we found that NADH can inhibit the cell death and the producing of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The immunofluorescence assay showed that cell autophagy was increased in the NADH group. Western blot data indicated that NADH promoted the microtubule associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3(LC3)-I to LC3II and the expression of IL-1β and TNFα decreased in a dose dependent manner. Interestingly, a specific PI3K/AKT inhibitor (3MA) decreased the expression of inflammatory factors. In the animal experiment, after 12 Gy radiation, there were less TNFα and more LC3II in the RT+NADH group than that of RT group. Compared with the mock, there was no significant damage in the NADH group. Thus, our study provides the evidence that NADH may protect against radiation enteritis by suppressing inflammation and enhancing autophagy through PI3K/AKT pathway in normal intestinal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ting Wang
- Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Wen-Quan Xie
- Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Fa-Quan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510900, China
| | - Yue Bi
- Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Xiong-Jie Zhu
- Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Qi-En Wang
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiobiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yan-Fang Zheng
- Oncology Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510282, China
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Soroush F, Tang Y, Zaidi HM, Sheffield JB, Kilpatrick LE, Kiani MF. PKCδ inhibition as a novel medical countermeasure for radiation-induced vascular damage. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201701099. [PMID: 29897816 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In the event of a radiologic catastrophe, endothelial cell and neutrophil dysfunction play important roles in tissue injury. Clinically available therapeutics for radiation-induced vascular injury are largely supportive. PKCδ was identified as a critical regulator of the inflammatory response, and its inhibition was shown to protect critical organs during sepsis. We used a novel biomimetic microfluidic assay (bMFA) to interrogate the role of PKCδ in radiation-induced neutrophil-endothelial cell interaction and endothelial cell function. HUVECs formed a complete lumen in bMFA and were treated with 0.5, 2, or 5 Gy ionizing radiation (IR). At 24 h post-IR, the cells were treated with a PKCδ inhibitor for an additional 24 h. Under physiologic shear flow, the role of PKCδ on endothelium function and neutrophil adherence/migration was determined. PKCδ inhibition dramatically attenuated IR-induced endothelium permeability increase and significantly decreased neutrophil migration across IR-treated endothelial cells. Moreover, neutrophil adhesion to irradiated endothelial cells was significantly decreased after PKCδ inhibition in a flow-dependent manner. PKCδ inhibition downregulated IR-induced P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and VCAM-1 but not E-selectin overexpression. PKCδ is an important regulator of neutrophil-endothelial cell interaction post-IR, and its inhibition can serve as a potential radiation medical countermeasure.-Soroush, F., Tang, Y., Zaidi, H. M., Sheffield, J. B., Kilpatrick, L. E., Kiani, M. F. PKCδ inhibition as a novel medical countermeasure for radiation-induced vascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariborz Soroush
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hasan M Zaidi
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joel B Sheffield
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laurie E Kilpatrick
- Center for Inflammation, Clinical and Translational Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mohammad F Kiani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Guipaud O, Jaillet C, Clément-Colmou K, François A, Supiot S, Milliat F. The importance of the vascular endothelial barrier in the immune-inflammatory response induced by radiotherapy. Br J Radiol 2018; 91:20170762. [PMID: 29630386 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20170762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered by ionising radiation, the vascular network is considered as a prime target to limit normal tissue damage and improve tumour control in radiotherapy (RT). Irradiation damages and/or activates endothelial cells, which then participate in the recruitment of circulating cells, especially by overexpressing cell adhesion molecules, but also by other as yet unknown mechanisms. Radiation-induced lesions are associated with infiltration of immune-inflammatory cells from the blood and/or the lymph circulation. Damaged cells from the tissues and immune-inflammatory resident cells release factors that attract cells from the circulation, leading to the restoration of tissue balance by fighting against infection, elimination of damaged cells and healing of the injured area. In normal tissues that surround the tumours, the development of an immune-inflammatory reaction in response to radiation-induced tissue injury can turn out to be chronic and deleterious for the organ concerned, potentially leading to fibrosis and/or necrosis of the irradiated area. Similarly, tumours can elicit an immune-inflammation reaction, which can be initialised and amplified by cancer therapy such as radiotherapy, although immune checkpoints often allow many cancers to be protected by inhibiting the T-cell signal. Herein, we have explored the involvement of vascular endothelium in the fate of healthy tissues and tumours undergoing radiotherapy. This review also covers current investigations that take advantage of the radiation-induced response of the vasculature to spare healthy tissue and/or target tumours better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Guipaud
- 1 Human Health Department, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE, SERAMED, LRMed , Fontenay-aux-Roses , France
| | - Cyprien Jaillet
- 1 Human Health Department, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE, SERAMED, LRMed , Fontenay-aux-Roses , France
| | - Karen Clément-Colmou
- 2 Département de Radiothérapie, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest , Nantes St-Herblain , France.,3 Oncology and New Concept in Oncology Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCiNA), Unité U1232, Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes , Nantes , France
| | - Agnès François
- 1 Human Health Department, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE, SERAMED, LRMed , Fontenay-aux-Roses , France
| | - Stéphane Supiot
- 2 Département de Radiothérapie, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest , Nantes St-Herblain , France.,3 Oncology and New Concept in Oncology Department, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCiNA), Unité U1232, Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes , Nantes , France
| | - Fabien Milliat
- 1 Human Health Department, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE, SERAMED, LRMed , Fontenay-aux-Roses , France
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Modeling radiation injury-induced cell death and countermeasure drug responses in a human Gut-on-a-Chip. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:223. [PMID: 29445080 PMCID: PMC5833800 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0304-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Studies on human intestinal injury induced by acute exposure to γ-radiation commonly rely on use of animal models because culture systems do not faithfully mimic human intestinal physiology. Here we used a human Gut-on-a-Chip (Gut Chip) microfluidic device lined by human intestinal epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells to model radiation injury and assess the efficacy of radiation countermeasure drugs in vitro. Exposure of the Gut Chip to γ-radiation resulted in increased generation of reactive oxygen species, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and DNA fragmentation, as well as villus blunting, disruption of tight junctions, and compromise of intestinal barrier integrity. In contrast, pre-treatment with a potential prophylactic radiation countermeasure drug, dimethyloxaloylglycine (DMOG), significantly suppressed all of these injury responses. Thus, the human Gut Chip may serve as an in vitro platform for studying radiation-induced cell death and associate gastrointestinal acute syndrome, in addition to screening of novel radio-protective medical countermeasure drugs.
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Geranylgeranylacetone Ameliorates Intestinal Radiation Toxicity by Preventing Endothelial Cell Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102103. [PMID: 28991157 PMCID: PMC5666785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced intestinal toxicity is common among cancer patients after radiotherapy. Endothelial cell dysfunction is believed to be a critical contributor to radiation tissue injury in the intestine. Geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) has been used to treat peptic ulcers and gastritis. However, the protective capacity of GGA against radiation-induced intestinal injury has not been addressed. Therefore, we investigated whether GGA affects intestinal damage in mice and vascular endothelial cell damage in vitro. GGA treatment significantly ameliorated intestinal injury, as evident by intestinal crypt survival, villi length and the subsequently prolonged survival time of irradiated mice. In addition, intestinal microvessels were also significantly preserved in GGA-treated mice. To clarify the effect of GGA on endothelial cell survival, we examined endothelial function by evaluating cell proliferation, tube formation, wound healing, invasion and migration in the presence or absence of GGA after irradiation. Our findings showed that GGA plays a role in maintaining vascular cell function; however, it does not protect against radiation-induced vascular cell death. GGA promoted endothelial function during radiation injury by preventing the loss of VEGF/VEGFR1/eNOS signaling and by down-regulating TNFα expression in endothelial cells. This finding indicates the potential impact of GGA as a therapeutic agent in mitigating radiation-induced intestinal damage.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Thoracic radiation therapy is an effective treatment for several malignancies, such as Hodgkin's lymphoma and breast cancer. Over the years, however, the incidence of cardiovascular events has increased in these patients, notably in younger survivors who do not have traditional risk factors. This review summarizes the pathology, incidence, clinical presentation, and management of cardiac events after radiation therapy. RECENT FINDINGS Mediastinal radiation therapy accelerates the atherosclerosis process, resulting in early onset coronary artery disease. Valvular disease due to radiation therapy typically affects the left-sided valves, with aortic regurgitation being the most common. Rarely, it may lead to aortic stenosis requiring surgical interventions. Pericardial involvement includes acute and chronic pericardial disease and pericardial effusion. New studies are investigating the prevalence and pathogenesis of autonomic dysfunction in cancer survivors who have undergone mediastinal and neck radiation. Radiation therapy itself causes vascular endothelial dysfunction, resulting in clinical cardiovascular events, manifesting many years after completion of therapy. There remains little guidance regarding screening and therapies to prevent cardiovascular events in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Raghunathan
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Saamir A Hassan
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Jaillet C, Morelle W, Slomianny MC, Paget V, Tarlet G, Buard V, Selbonne S, Caffin F, Rannou E, Martinez P, François A, Foulquier F, Allain F, Milliat F, Guipaud O. Radiation-induced changes in the glycome of endothelial cells with functional consequences. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5290. [PMID: 28706280 PMCID: PMC5509684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05563-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
As it is altered by ionizing radiation, the vascular network is considered as a prime target in limiting normal tissue damage and improving tumor control in radiation therapy. Irradiation activates endothelial cells which then participate in the recruitment of circulating cells, especially by overexpressing cell adhesion molecules, but also by other as yet unknown mechanisms. Since protein glycosylation is an important determinant of cell adhesion, we hypothesized that radiation could alter the glycosylation pattern of endothelial cells and thereby impact adhesion of circulating cells. Herein, we show that ionizing radiation increases high mannose-type N-glycans and decreases glycosaminoglycans. These changes stimulate interactions measured under flow conditions between irradiated endothelial cells and monocytes. Targeted transcriptomic approaches in vitro in endothelial cells and in vivo in a radiation enteropathy mouse model confirm that genes involved in N- and O-glycosylation are modulated by radiation, and in silico analyses give insight into the mechanism by which radiation modifies glycosylation. The endothelium glycome may therefore be considered as a key therapeutic target for modulating the chronic inflammatory response observed in healthy tissues or for participating in tumor control by radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyprien Jaillet
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), PRP-HOM, SRBE, L3R, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Willy Morelle
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Marie-Christine Slomianny
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Vincent Paget
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), PRP-HOM, SRBE, L3R, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Georges Tarlet
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), PRP-HOM, SRBE, L3R, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Valérie Buard
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), PRP-HOM, SRBE, L3R, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Sonia Selbonne
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), PRP-HOM, SRBE, L3R, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Fanny Caffin
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), PRP-HOM, SRBE, L3R, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Emilie Rannou
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), PRP-HOM, SRBE, L3R, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, CA 90095-7239, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Pierre Martinez
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France.,GSK - GlaxoSmithKline, 1300, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Agnès François
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), PRP-HOM, SRBE, L3R, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - François Foulquier
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Fabrice Allain
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Fabien Milliat
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), PRP-HOM, SRBE, L3R, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Olivier Guipaud
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), PRP-HOM, SRBE, L3R, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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Loinard C, Vilar J, Milliat F, Lévy B, Benderitter M. Monocytes/Macrophages Mobilization Orchestrate Neovascularization after Localized Colorectal Irradiation. Radiat Res 2017; 187:549-561. [PMID: 28319461 DOI: 10.1667/rr14398.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In patients undergoing radiotherapy for cancer, radiation dose to healthy tissue can occur, causing microvascular damage. Monocytes that have been shown to promote tissue revascularization comprise the subsets: CD11b+Ly6G-7/4hi/monocyteshi and CD11b+Ly6G-7/4lo/monocyteslo. We hypothesized that monocytes were implicated in postirradiation blood vessel formation. C57Bl6 mice underwent localized colorectal irradiation and were sacrificed at different times after exposure. Bone marrow, spleen, blood and colon were collected. Fourteen days postirradiation, colons expressed proangiogenic actors and adhesion molecules. Monocyteshi, which were the main subset of infiltrating monocytes, mobilized to the blood from spleen and bone marrow, peaking at day 14 postirradiation, and were associated with lymphocyte Th1 polarization. At day 28 postirradiation, angiographic score and capillary density increased by ∼1.8-fold, and then returned to nonirradiated levels at day 60. Clodronate-mediated depletion of circulating monocytes prior to irradiation resulted in a ∼1.4-fold decrease in angiographic score and capillary density compared to the nontreated control. Histological analysis of the colon in clodronate-treated mice revealed a massive decrease of macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration as well as reduced collagen deposition in crypt area at day 21. However, late depletion of monocytes from day 25 postirradiation had no effect on fibrotic process. These findings demonstrate a central role for monocyte/macrophage activation in the orchestration of a neovascularization mechanism after localized colorectal irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Loinard
- a Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-HOM, SRBE, L3R, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - José Vilar
- b Inserm UMR-U970, PARCC, Paris Research Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Fabien Milliat
- a Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-HOM, SRBE, L3R, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Bernard Lévy
- c Institut des Vaisseaux et du Sang, Paris, France
| | - Marc Benderitter
- d Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-HOM, SRBE, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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Molecular Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging of Radiation-Induced P-Selectin Expression in Healthy Mice Colon. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017; 97:581-585. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Cuomo JR, Sharma GK, Conger PD, Weintraub NL. Novel concepts in radiation-induced cardiovascular disease. World J Cardiol 2016; 8:504-519. [PMID: 27721934 PMCID: PMC5039353 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v8.i9.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced cardiovascular disease (RICVD) is the most common nonmalignant cause of morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors who have undergone mediastinal radiation therapy (RT). Cardiovascular complications include effusive or constrictive pericarditis, cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, and coronary/vascular disease. These are pathophysiologically distinct disease entities whose prevalence varies depending on the timing and extent of radiation exposure to the heart and great vessels. Although refinements in RT dosimetry and shielding will inevitably limit future cases of RICVD, the increasing number of long-term cancer survivors, including those treated with older higher-dose RT regimens, will ensure a steady flow of afflicted patients for the foreseeable future. Thus, there is a pressing need for enhanced understanding of the disease mechanisms, and improved detection methods and treatment strategies. Newly characterized mechanisms responsible for the establishment of chronic fibrosis, such as oxidative stress, inflammation and epigenetic modifications, are discussed and linked to potential treatments currently under study. Novel imaging modalities may serve as powerful screening tools in RICVD, and recent research and expert opinion advocating their use is introduced. Data arguing for the aggressive use of percutaneous interventions, such as transcutaneous valve replacement and drug-eluting stents, are examined and considered in the context of prior therapeutic approaches. RICVD and its treatment options are the subject of a rich and dynamic body of research, and patients who are at risk or suffering from this disease will benefit from the care of physicians with specialty expertise in the emerging field of cardio-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Cuomo
- Jason R Cuomo, Neal L Weintraub, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Gyanendra K Sharma
- Jason R Cuomo, Neal L Weintraub, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Preston D Conger
- Jason R Cuomo, Neal L Weintraub, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Neal L Weintraub
- Jason R Cuomo, Neal L Weintraub, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
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Wang Y, Boerma M, Zhou D. Ionizing Radiation-Induced Endothelial Cell Senescence and Cardiovascular Diseases. Radiat Res 2016; 186:153-61. [PMID: 27387862 DOI: 10.1667/rr14445.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to ionizing radiation induces not only apoptosis but also senescence. While the role of endothelial cell apoptosis in mediating radiation-induced acute tissue injury has been extensively studied, little is known about the role of endothelial cell senescence in the pathogenesis of radiation-induced late effects. Senescent endothelial cells exhibit decreased production of nitric oxide and expression of thrombomodulin, increased expression of adhesion molecules, elevated production of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokines and an inability to proliferate and form capillary-like structures in vitro. These findings suggest that endothelial cell senescence can lead to endothelial dysfunction by dysregulation of vasodilation and hemostasis, induction of oxidative stress and inflammation and inhibition of angiogenesis, which can potentially contribute to radiation-induced late effects such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In this article, we discuss the mechanisms by which radiation induces endothelial cell senescence, the roles of endothelial cell senescence in radiation-induced CVDs and potential strategies to prevent, mitigate and treat radiation-induced CVDs by targeting senescent endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- Division of Radiation Health Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Marjan Boerma
- Division of Radiation Health Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Division of Radiation Health Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
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Natarajan M, Aravindan N, Sprague EA, Mohan S. Hemodynamic Flow-Induced Mechanotransduction Signaling Influences the Radiation Response of the Vascular Endothelium. Radiat Res 2016; 186:175-88. [PMID: 27387860 DOI: 10.1667/rr14410.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Hemodynamic shear stress is defined as the physical force exerted by the continuous flow of blood in the vascular system. Endothelial cells, which line the inner layer of blood vessels, sense this physiological force through mechanotransduction signaling and adapt to maintain structural and functional homeostasis. Hemodynamic flow, shear stress and mechanotransduction signaling are, therefore, an integral part of endothelial pathophysiology. Although this is a well-established concept in the cardiovascular field, it is largely dismissed in studies aimed at understanding radiation injury to the endothelium and subsequent cardiovascular complications. We and others have reported on the differential response of the endothelium when the cells are under hemodynamic flow shear compared with static culture. Further, we have demonstrated significant differences in the gene expression of static versus shear-stressed irradiated cells in four key pathways, reinforcing the importance of shear stress in understanding radiation injury of the endothelium. This article further emphasizes the influence of hemodynamic shear stress and the associated mechanotransduction signaling on physiological functioning of the vascular endothelium and underscores its significance in understanding radiation injury to the vasculature and associated cardiac complications. Studies of radiation effect on endothelial biology and its implication on cardiotoxicity and vascular complications thus far have failed to highlight the significance of these factors. Factoring in these integral parts of the endothelium will enhance our understanding of the contribution of the endothelium to radiation biology. Without such information, the current approaches to studying radiation-induced injury to the endothelium and its consequences in health and disease are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natarajan Aravindan
- c Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | - Eugene A Sprague
- b Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229; and
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Pietrofesa RA, Velalopoulou A, Lehman SL, Arguiri E, Solomides P, Koch CJ, Mishra OP, Koumenis C, Goodwin TJ, Christofidou-Solomidou M. Novel Double-Hit Model of Radiation and Hyperoxia-Induced Oxidative Cell Damage Relevant to Space Travel. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060953. [PMID: 27322243 PMCID: PMC4926486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spaceflight occasionally requires multiple extravehicular activities (EVA) that potentially subject astronauts to repeated changes in ambient oxygen superimposed on those of space radiation exposure. We thus developed a novel in vitro model system to test lung cell damage following repeated exposure to radiation and hyperoxia. Non-tumorigenic murine alveolar type II epithelial cells (C10) were exposed to >95% O₂ for 8 h only (O₂), 0.25 Gy ionizing γ-radiation (IR) only, or a double-hit combination of both challenges (O₂ + IR) followed by 16 h of normoxia (ambient air containing 21% O₂ and 5% CO₂) (1 cycle = 24 h, 2 cycles = 48 h). Cell survival, DNA damage, apoptosis, and indicators of oxidative stress were evaluated after 1 and 2 cycles of exposure. We observed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in cell survival across all challenge conditions along with an increase in DNA damage, determined by Comet analysis and H2AX phosphorylation, and apoptosis, determined by Annexin-V staining, relative to cells unexposed to hyperoxia or radiation. DNA damage (GADD45α and cleaved-PARP), apoptotic (cleaved caspase-3 and BAX), and antioxidant (HO-1 and Nqo1) proteins were increased following radiation and hyperoxia exposure after 1 and 2 cycles of exposure. Importantly, exposure to combination challenge O₂ + IR exacerbated cell death and DNA damage compared to individual exposures O₂ or IR alone. Additionally levels of cell cycle proteins phospho-p53 and p21 were significantly increased, while levels of CDK1 and Cyclin B1 were decreased at both time points for all exposure groups. Similarly, proteins involved in cell cycle arrest was more profoundly changed with the combination challenges as compared to each stressor alone. These results correlate with a significant 4- to 6-fold increase in the ratio of cells in G2/G1 after 2 cycles of exposure to hyperoxic conditions. We have characterized a novel in vitro model of double-hit, low-level radiation and hyperoxia exposure that leads to oxidative lung cell injury, DNA damage, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph A Pietrofesa
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine and the Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Edward J. Stemmler Hall 2nd Floor, Office Suite 227, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Anastasia Velalopoulou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine and the Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Edward J. Stemmler Hall 2nd Floor, Office Suite 227, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Stacey L Lehman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Evguenia Arguiri
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine and the Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Edward J. Stemmler Hall 2nd Floor, Office Suite 227, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Pantelis Solomides
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine and the Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Edward J. Stemmler Hall 2nd Floor, Office Suite 227, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Cameron J Koch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Om P Mishra
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine and the Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Edward J. Stemmler Hall 2nd Floor, Office Suite 227, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Constantinos Koumenis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Thomas J Goodwin
- The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA.
| | - Melpo Christofidou-Solomidou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine and the Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Edward J. Stemmler Hall 2nd Floor, Office Suite 227, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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De Bari B, Deantonio L, Bourhis J, Prior JO, Ozsahin M. Should we include SPECT lung perfusion in radiotherapy treatment plans of thoracic targets? Evidences from the literature. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 102:111-7. [PMID: 27132077 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the available data about the potential impact of integrating lung perfusion SPECT/CT in treatment plans optimization for the irradiation of thoracic targets. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched in the PubMed and Scopus databases, English-written articles published from 2000 to June 2015 dealing with the integration of perfusion SPECT/CT in radiotherapy. RESULTS We found and analyzed 16 research articles (10 dosimetric, 6 clinical) for a total of 578 patients. Available data suggest dosimetric and clinical improvements when perfusion SPEC/CT is integrated in the radiotherapy treatment planing of selected patients with thoracic targets. In particular, patients presenting emphysema and/or large areas of deficit of perfusion show the most important improvements. Moreover, some studies show different risk of radiation pneumonitis (RP) depending on the localization of the tumor in the lungs: patients with low-located tumors, present an increased risk of RP, and functional data could be a benefit in treatment plan optimization. Unfortunately, none of the available studies finally reports any dosimetric constraint, which could be used in the clinical practice, even if most of them used the cut-off of the 30% of the maximal perfusion value to define the well-functioning lung. CONCLUSIONS Published data support the integration of lung perfusion scintigraphy in some selected categories of patients. Prospective studies should be designed to define the best candidates, and to assess the clinical advantage of this kind of optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berardino De Bari
- Radiation Oncology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois-CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Letizia Deantonio
- Radiation Oncology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois-CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean Bourhis
- Radiation Oncology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois-CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John O Prior
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Medicine Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois-CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mahmut Ozsahin
- Radiation Oncology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois-CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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