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Ji SS, Zhao LX, Chen W, Wang YF, Liu FC, Li HP, He GW, Zhang J. The Characteristics of Coronary Artery Lesions in COVID-19 Infected Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study. Am J Cardiol 2024; 226:108-117. [PMID: 39009056 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 may predispose patients to cardiac injuries but whether COVID-19 infection affects the morphological features of coronary plaques to potentially influence the outcome of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unknown. By using optical coherence tomography (OCT), this study compared the characteristics of coronary plaque in patients with CAD with/without COVID-19 infection. The 206 patients were divided into 2 groups. The COVID-19 group had 113 patients between December 7, 2022, and March 31, 2023, who received OCT assessment after China decided to lift the restriction on COVID-19 and had a history of COVID-19 infection. The non-COVID-19 group had 93 patients without COVID-19 infection who underwent OCT before December 7, 2022. The COVID-19 group demonstrated a higher incidence of plaque ruptures (53.1% vs 38.7%, p = 0.039), erosions (28.3% vs 11.8%, p = 0.004), fibrous (96.5% vs 89.2%, p = 0.041) and diffuse lesions (73.5% vs 50.5%, p <0.001) compared with the non-COVID-19 group, whereas non-COVID-19 group exhibited a higher frequency of cholesterol crystals (83.9% vs 70.8%, p = 0.027), deep calcifications (65.6% vs 51.3%, p = 0.039) and solitary lesions (57.0% vs 34.5%, p = 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a significantly lower major adverse cardiac events-free probability in the COVID-19 group (91.6% vs 95.5%, p = 0.006) than in the non-COVID-19 group. In conclusion, OCT demonstrated that COVID-19 infection is associated with coronary pathological changes such as more plaque ruptures, erosions, fibrosis, and diffuse lesions. Further, COVID-19 infection is associated with a higher propensity for acute coronary events and a higher risk of major adverse cardiac events in patients with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Ji
- Faculty of Graduate Studies, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China & Department of Cardiology, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Cardiovascular Diseases and Translational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Li-Xuan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Cardiovascular Diseases and Translational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Cardiovascular Diseases and Translational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Cardiovascular Diseases and Translational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang-Chun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Cardiovascular Diseases and Translational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hai-Peng Li
- Department of Cardiology, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Cardiovascular Diseases and Translational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guo-Wei He
- Department of Cardiac Surgery & The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Cardiovascular Diseases and Translational Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Faculty of Graduate Studies, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China & Department of Cardiology, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Cardiovascular Diseases and Translational Medicine, Tianjin, China.
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Li H, Jiang X, Mashiguchi K, Yamaguchi S, Lu S. Biosynthesis and signal transduction of plant growth regulators and their effects on bioactive compound production in Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen). Chin Med 2024; 19:102. [PMID: 39049014 PMCID: PMC11267865 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00971-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are involved in multiple aspects of plant life, including plant growth, development, and response to environmental stimuli. They are also vital for the formation of secondary metabolites in various plants. Salvia miltiorrhiza is a famous herbal medicine and has been used commonly for > 2000 years in China, as well as widely used in many other countries. S. miltiorrhiza is extensively used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in clinical practices and has specific merit against various diseases. Owing to its outstanding medicinal and commercial potential, S. miltiorrhiza has been extensively investigated as an ideal model system for medicinal plant biology. Tanshinones and phenolic acids are primary pharmacological constituents of S. miltiorrhiza. As the growing market for S. miltiorrhiza, the enhancement of its bioactive compounds has become a research hotspot. S. miltiorrhiza exhibits a significant response to various PGRs in the production of phenolic acids and tanshinones. Here, we briefly review the biosynthesis and signal transduction of PGRs in plants. The effects and mechanisms of PGRs on bioactive compound production in S. miltiorrhiza are systematically summarized and future research is discussed. This article provides a scientific basis for further research, cultivation, and metabolic engineering in S. miltiorrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqin Li
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Xuwen Jiang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Bairuijia Food Co., Ltd, No. 8008, Yi Road, Laizhou, Yantai, 261400, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kiyoshi Mashiguchi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Yamaguchi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Shanfa Lu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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Liu L, Zhang L, Zhou P, Zhou W, Li L, Zeng L, Li N, Zhao R, Han T. Cough symptoms in children following COVID-19: a single-center retrospective study. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1301571. [PMID: 38646512 PMCID: PMC11026548 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1301571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cough is the most common respiratory symptom in children with mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, evidence regarding the duration and severity of COVID-19-related cough is sparse. Herein, we investigated the correlation between cough severity/duration and disease duration in children with allergic diseases following COVID-19. Methods This single-center, retrospective case-control study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, from February 6-13, 2023. Children aged 0-16 completed a questionnaire survey collecting basic information and weekly cough scores for 8 consecutive weeks after COVID-19 in December 2022. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw event curves, and the log-rank method was used to compare inter-group differences. Stepwise regression was applied for multivariate analysis of correlations between age, sex, allergic diseases, and the degree and duration of cough following COVID-19. Results Overall, 686 children were included, of whom 183 (26.7%) had allergic diseases and 503 (73.3%) did not. Kaplan-Meier analysis identified significant differences between patients with and without allergic disease (log-rank test, P = 0.002) and between patients with no allergic disease and those with one and more than one allergic disease (log-rank test, P = 0.003). Multivariate regression identified a link between the presence of more than one allergic disease and coughing for >4 weeks after infection (P < 0.001). Allergic disease was the primary factor linked to cough symptoms lasting 8 weeks and cough severity (P < 0.001). Conclusions Allergic disease contributes to the prolonged duration and severity of coughing in children with mild COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pengxiang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute for Drug Evaluation, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Linghui Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Li
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rongsheng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute for Drug Evaluation, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Tongyan Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Zhang Y, Zhai W, Fan M, Wu J, Wang C. Salvianolic Acid B Significantly Suppresses the Migration of Melanoma Cells via Direct Interaction with β-Actin. Molecules 2024; 29:906. [PMID: 38398656 PMCID: PMC10892080 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive and difficult to treat of all skin cancers. Despite advances in the treatment of melanoma, the prognosis for melanoma patients remains poor, and the recurrence rate remains high. There is substantial evidence that Chinese herbals effectively prevent and treat melanoma. The bioactive ingredient Salvianolic acid B (SAB) found in Salvia miltiorrhiza, a well-known Chinese herbal with various biological functions, exhibits inhibitory activity against various cancers. A375 and mouse B16 cell lines were used to evaluate the main targets and mechanisms of SAB in inhibiting melanoma migration. Online bioinformatics analysis, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, molecular fishing, dot blot, and molecular docking assays were carried out to clarify the potential molecular mechanism. We found that SAB prevents the migration and invasion of melanoma cells by inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of melanoma cells. As well as interacting directly with the N-terminal domain of β-actin, SAB enhanced its compactness and stability, thereby inhibiting the migration of cells. Taken together, SAB could significantly suppress the migration of melanoma cells via direct binding with β-actin, suggesting that SAB could be a helpful supplement that may enhance chemotherapeutic outcomes and benefit melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jinjun Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines of the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.F.)
| | - Caiyan Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines of the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.F.)
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Li L, Ran Y, Wen J, Lu Y, Liu S, Li H, Cheng M. Traditional Chinese Medicine-based Treatment in Cardiovascular Disease: Potential Mechanisms of Action. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:2186-2199. [PMID: 38347793 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010279151240116103917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and death worldwide and has become a global public health problem. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used in China to treat CVD and achieved promising results. Therefore, TCM has aroused significant interest among pharmacologists and medical practitioners. Previous research showed that TCM can regulate the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis (AS), ischemic heart disease, heart failure, myocardial injury, and myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting vascular endothelial injury, inflammation, oxidant stress, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and myocardial remodeling. It is well-known that TCM has the characteristics of multi-component, multi-pathway, and multitarget. Here, we systematically review the bioactive components, pharmacological effects, and clinical application of TCM in preventing and treating CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Li
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, P.R. China
| | - Yutong Ran
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Wen
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, P.R. China
| | - Yirui Lu
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, P.R. China
| | - Shunmei Liu
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, P.R. China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, P.R. China
| | - Min Cheng
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, P.R. China
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