1
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Pan L, Li C, Meng L, Zhang G, Zou L, Tian Y, Chen S, Sun Y, Su D, Zhang X, Xiong M, Xiao T, Xia D, Hong Z, Zhang Z. GDF1 ameliorates cognitive impairment induced by hearing loss. NATURE AGING 2024; 4:568-583. [PMID: 38491289 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00592-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Hearing loss is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the mechanisms of hearing loss promoting the onset of AD are poorly understood. Here we show that hearing loss aggravates cognitive impairment in both wild-type mice and mouse models of AD. Embryonic growth/differentiation factor 1 (GDF1) is downregulated in the hippocampus of deaf mice. Knockdown of GDF1 mimics the detrimental effect of hearing loss on cognition, while overexpression of GDF1 in the hippocampus attenuates the cognitive impairment induced by deafness. Strikingly, overexpression of GDF1 also attenuates cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. GDF1 activates Akt, which phosphorylates asparagine endopeptidase and inhibits asparagine endopeptidase-induced synaptic degeneration and amyloid-β production. The expression of GDF1 is downregulated by the transcription factor CCAAT-enhancer binding protein-β. These findings indicate that hearing loss could promote AD pathological changes by inhibiting the GDF1 signaling pathway; thus, GDF1 may represent a therapeutic target for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Pan
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunrui Li
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lanxia Meng
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zou
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sen Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dandan Su
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Danhao Xia
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengyuan Hong
- PET-CT/MRI Center, Molecular Imaging Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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2
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Mendiola AS, Yan Z, Dixit K, Johnson JR, Bouhaddou M, Meyer-Franke A, Shin MG, Yong Y, Agrawal A, MacDonald E, Muthukumar G, Pearce C, Arun N, Cabriga B, Meza-Acevedo R, Alzamora MDPS, Zamvil SS, Pico AR, Ryu JK, Krogan NJ, Akassoglou K. Defining blood-induced microglia functions in neurodegeneration through multiomic profiling. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:1173-1187. [PMID: 37291385 PMCID: PMC10307624 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01522-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Blood protein extravasation through a disrupted blood-brain barrier and innate immune activation are hallmarks of neurological diseases and emerging therapeutic targets. However, how blood proteins polarize innate immune cells remains largely unknown. Here, we established an unbiased blood-innate immunity multiomic and genetic loss-of-function pipeline to define the transcriptome and global phosphoproteome of blood-induced innate immune polarization and its role in microglia neurotoxicity. Blood induced widespread microglial transcriptional changes, including changes involving oxidative stress and neurodegenerative genes. Comparative functional multiomics showed that blood proteins induce distinct receptor-mediated transcriptional programs in microglia and macrophages, such as redox, type I interferon and lymphocyte recruitment. Deletion of the blood coagulation factor fibrinogen largely reversed blood-induced microglia neurodegenerative signatures. Genetic elimination of the fibrinogen-binding motif to CD11b in Alzheimer's disease mice reduced microglial lipid metabolism and neurodegenerative signatures that were shared with autoimmune-driven neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis mice. Our data provide an interactive resource for investigation of the immunology of blood proteins that could support therapeutic targeting of microglia activation by immune and vascular signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Mendiola
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zhaoqi Yan
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Karuna Dixit
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Mehdi Bouhaddou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Yu Yong
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Eilidh MacDonald
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Clairice Pearce
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nikhita Arun
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Belinda Cabriga
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rosa Meza-Acevedo
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maria Del Pilar S Alzamora
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Scott S Zamvil
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jae Kyu Ryu
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nevan J Krogan
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Katerina Akassoglou
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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3
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Lin Y, Hu T, Cheng L, Chen Y, Li W, Guo Q, Miao Y. Causal Effects of Plasma Haptoglobin Levels on Alzheimer's Disease: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 95:339-348. [PMID: 37522206 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A connection between plasma levels of haptoglobin (Hp) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been shown in several observational studies. It is debatable, nonetheless, how the two are related causally. OBJECTIVE To establish the causal relationship between Hp and AD using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. METHODS From the extensive genome-wide association studies and FinnGen dataset, summaries and statistics pertaining to AD were gathered. We investigated the possibility of a causal link between Hp and AD using a two-sample MR study. Inverse variance weighting was used as the primary analytical technique, and it was supported by the joint application of complementary analyses and fixed effects meta-analysis to combine results from various sources. RESULTS Genetically determined Hp was causally associated with AD [odds ratio (OR), 1.05; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02 to 1.09; p = 8.96×10-4]; Inverse variance-weighted estimates coming from different data sources were combined in a meta-analysis with consistent findings (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.05; p = 2.00×10-3). The outcomes of the inverse MR analysis showed that AD had no appreciable causal impact on Hp. CONCLUSION The present MR analysis shows that higher plasma Hp leads to an increased risk of AD. Strategies for plasma Hp testing may open up new doors for the early diagnosis and prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Lin
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingjun Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lizhen Cheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihao Guo
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Miao
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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4
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FSTL1-knockdown improves neural oscillation via decreasing neuronal-inflammation regulating apoptosis in Aβ 1-42 induced AD model mice. Exp Neurol 2023; 359:114231. [PMID: 36162512 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Follistatin like protein 1 (FSTL1) is a famous growth regulatory protein. FSTL1 has been noticed in many diseases, including heart and lung ischemia, cerebral ischemia, glioma, schizophrenia, and Autism. The role of FSTL1 has been declared in the genetics and development of the central nervous system. Therefore, we designed this study to investigate the function and the role of FSTL1 in Alzheimer's disease. Firstly, we noticed upregulated expression level of FSTL1 among four to six-month-old 5XFAD AD mice. Accordingly, we hypothesized that FSTL1-Knockdown improved AD model mice's cognitive function and recover from Alzheimer's disease. Thus, AD model mice were made by single intracerebroventricular injections of Aβ1-42 peptides in FSTL1+/- and CON mice. Next, our results concluded that FSTL1-knockdown effectively improved cognitive functions. FSTL1-knockdown enhanced the pattern of neural oscillations, and synaptic plasticity in Aβ1-42 treated FSTL1-Knockdown mice compared to Aβ1-42 induced AD model mice. Next, FSTL1-Knockdown inhibited the activation of microglia and binding of TLR-4 with microglia. Further, inactivated microglia stopped the formation of MyD88. Thus, our data revealed that FSTL1-Knockdown is slowing down the caspase/BAX/Bcl-2/TLR-4 regulating apoptosis pathway, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus of Aβ1-42 inserted FSTL1-Knockdown mice. Overall, all these data illuminate the clinical significance role of down-regulated FSTL1. FSTL1-Knockdown reduced the amyloid-beta by affecting microglia, neural-inflammation and apoptosis in AD-like model mice. Finally, down regulation of FSTL1 improved synaptic plasticity, neural oscillations, and cognitive behaviours in the Aβ1-42 induced AD model mice.
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5
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Wang X, Bui H, Vemuri P, Graff-Radford J, Jack CR, Petersen RC, Mielke MM. Lipidomic Network of Mild Cognitive Impairment from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 81:533-543. [PMID: 33814434 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid alterations contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Lipidomics studies could help systematically characterize such alterations and identify potential biomarkers. OBJECTIVE To identify lipids associated with mild cognitive impairment and amyloid-β deposition, and to examine lipid correlation patterns within phenotype groupsMethods:Eighty plasma lipids were measured using mass spectrometry for 1,255 non-demented participants enrolled in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. Individual lipids associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were first identified. Correlation network analysis was then performed to identify lipid species with stable correlations across conditions. Finally, differential correlation network analysis was used to determine lipids with altered correlations between phenotype groups, specifically cognitively unimpaired versus MCI, and with elevated brain amyloid versus without. RESULTS Seven lipids were associated with MCI after adjustment for age, sex, and APOE4. Lipid correlation network analysis revealed that lipids from a few species correlated well with each other, demonstrated by subnetworks of these lipids. 177 lipid pairs differently correlated between cognitively unimpaired and MCI patients, whereas 337 pairs of lipids exhibited altered correlation between patients with and without elevated brain amyloid. In particular, 51 lipid pairs showed correlation alterations by both cognitive status and brain amyloid. Interestingly, the lipids central to the network of these 51 lipid pairs were not significantly associated with either MCI or amyloid, suggesting network-based approaches could provide biological insights complementary to traditional association analyses. CONCLUSION Our attempt to characterize the alterations of lipids at network-level provides additional insights beyond individual lipids, as shown by differential correlations in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Wang
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hai Bui
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ronald C Petersen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michelle M Mielke
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Handy A, Lord J, Green R, Xu J, Aarsland D, Velayudhan L, Hye A, Dobson R, Proitsi P. Assessing Genetic Overlap and Causality Between Blood Plasma Proteins and Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:1825-1839. [PMID: 34459398 PMCID: PMC8609677 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood plasma proteins have been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), but understanding which proteins are on the causal pathway remains challenging. OBJECTIVE Investigate the genetic overlap between candidate proteins and AD using polygenic risk scores (PRS) and interrogate their causal relationship using bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR). METHODS Following a literature review, 31 proteins were selected for PRS analysis. PRS were constructed for prioritized proteins with and without the apolipoprotein E region (APOE+/-PRS) and tested for association with AD status across three cohorts (n = 6,244). An AD PRS was also tested for association with protein levels in one cohort (n = 410). Proteins showing association with AD were taken forward for MR. RESULTS For APOE ɛ3, apolipoprotein B-100, and C-reactive protein (CRP), protein APOE+ PRS were associated with AD below Bonferroni significance (pBonf, p < 0.00017). No protein APOE- PRS or AD PRS (APOE+/-) passed pBonf. However, vitamin D-binding protein (protein PRS APOE-, p = 0.009) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (AD APOE- PRS p = 0.025, protein APOE- PRS p = 0.045) displayed suggestive signals and were selected for MR. In bi-directional MR, none of the five proteins demonstrated a causal association (p < 0.05) in either direction. CONCLUSION Apolipoproteins and CRP PRS are associated with AD and provide a genetic signal linked to a specific, accessible risk factor. While evidence of causality was limited, this study was conducted in a moderate sample size and provides a framework for larger samples with greater statistical power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Handy
- University College London, Institute of Health Informatics, London, UK
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Jodie Lord
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Green
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Jin Xu
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, UK
| | - Dag Aarsland
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- Center for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Norway
| | - Latha Velayudhan
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Abdul Hye
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Richard Dobson
- University College London, Institute of Health Informatics, London, UK
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK London, University College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Petroula Proitsi
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
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7
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Solís-Fernández G, Montero-Calle A, Alonso-Navarro M, Fernandez-Torres MÁ, Lledó VE, Garranzo-Asensio M, Barderas R, Guzman-Aranguez A. Protein Microarrays for Ocular Diseases. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2344:239-265. [PMID: 34115364 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1562-1_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The eye is a multifaceted organ organized in several compartments with particular properties that reflect their diverse functions. The prevalence of ocular diseases is increasing, mainly because of its relationship with aging and of generalized lifestyle changes. However, the pathogenic molecular mechanisms of many common eye pathologies remain poorly understood. Considering the unquestionable importance of proteins in cellular processes and disease progression, proteomic techniques, such as protein microarrays, represent a valuable approach to analyze pathophysiological protein changes in the ocular environment. This technology enables to perform multiplex high-throughput protein expression profiling with minimal sample volume requirements broadening our knowledge of ocular proteome network in eye diseases.In this review, we present a brief summary of the main types of protein microarrays (antibody microarrays, reverse-phase protein microarrays, and protein microarrays) and their application for protein change detection in chronic ocular diseases such as dry eye, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. The validation of these specific protein changes in eye pathologies may lead to the identification of new biomarkers, depiction of ocular disease pathways, and assistance in the diagnosis, prognosis, and development of new therapeutic options for eye pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Solís-Fernández
- Functional Proteomics Unit, Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Imaging and Photonics Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana Montero-Calle
- Functional Proteomics Unit, Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miren Alonso-Navarro
- Functional Proteomics Unit, Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Fernandez-Torres
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Eugenia Lledó
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Garranzo-Asensio
- Functional Proteomics Unit, Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Barderas
- Functional Proteomics Unit, Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Guzman-Aranguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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8
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Kim DK, Han D, Park J, Choi H, Park JC, Cha MY, Woo J, Byun MS, Lee DY, Kim Y, Mook-Jung I. Deep proteome profiling of the hippocampus in the 5XFAD mouse model reveals biological process alterations and a novel biomarker of Alzheimer's disease. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-17. [PMID: 31727875 PMCID: PMC6856180 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0326-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is the most common type of dementia, is characterized by the deposition of extracellular amyloid plaques. To understand the pathophysiology of the AD brain, the assessment of global proteomic dynamics is required. Since the hippocampus is a major region affected in the AD brain, we performed hippocampal analysis and identified proteins that are differentially expressed between wild-type and 5XFAD model mice via LC-MS methods. To reveal the relationship between proteomic changes and the progression of amyloid plaque deposition in the hippocampus, we analyzed the hippocampal proteome at two ages (5 and 10 months). We identified 9,313 total proteins and 1411 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in 5- and 10-month-old wild-type and 5XFAD mice. We designated a group of proteins showing the same pattern of changes as amyloid beta (Aβ) as the Aβ-responsive proteome. In addition, we examined potential biomarkers by investigating secretory proteins from the Aβ-responsive proteome. Consequently, we identified vitamin K-dependent protein S (PROS1) as a novel microglia-derived biomarker candidate in the hippocampus of 5XFAD mice. Moreover, we confirmed that the PROS1 level in the serum of 5XFAD mice increases as the disease progresses. An increase in PROS1 is also observed in the sera of AD patients and shows a close correlation with AD neuroimaging markers in humans. Therefore, our quantitative proteome data obtained from 5XFAD model mice successfully predicted AD-related biological alterations and suggested a novel protein biomarker for AD. A protein newly implicated in Alzheimer’s disease could serve as a diagnostic biomarker or therapeutic target. A team led by Youngsoo Kim and Inhee Mook-Jung from Seoul National University, South Korea, analyzed all the proteins expressed in the hippocampus, the brain’s memory center, in mice with and without Alzheimer’s-like disease. They identified more than 1,400 proteins differentially expressed between the mouse model of Alzheimer’s and the normal mice. Among these were 36 secretory proteins that tended to increase their levels along with build-up of amyloid-beta, the protein found in clumps in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s. Many already had known links to Alzheimer’s, but the researchers also identified a novel protein called PROS1. Blood samples from Alzheimer’s patients also showed an increase in PROS1 levels, with a close correlation with amyloid-beta build-up in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kyu Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dohyun Han
- Proteomics Core Facility, Transdisciplinary Research and Collaboration, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joonho Park
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Choi
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon-Yong Cha
- LG Chem Life Science R&D Campus, Drug Discovery Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongmin Woo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Inhee Mook-Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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9
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Li W, Wei D, Lin J, Liang J, Xie X, Song K, Huang L. Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide Reduces Cognitive Impairment Induced by Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Through GDNF/GFRα1/Ret Signaling Preventing Hippocampal Neuron Apoptosis. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:351. [PMID: 31456664 PMCID: PMC6701226 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal neuron death is a key factor in vascular dementia (VD) induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) is a multiple-effects drug. Therefore, the potential molecular mechanisms underlying CCH and its feasible treatment should be investigated. This study had two main purposes: first, to identify a potential biomarker in a rat model of CCH induced VD using antibody microarrays; and second, to explore the neuroprotective role of NBP at targeting the potential biomarker. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)/GDNF family receptor alpha-1 (GFRα1)/receptor tyrosine kinase (Ret) signaling is altered in the hippocampus of CCH rats; however, NBP treatment improved cognitive function, protected against hippocampal neuron apoptosis via regulation of GDNF/GFRα1/Ret, and activated the phosphorylation AKT (p-AKT) and ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) signaling. We also found that 1 h oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) followed by 48 h reperfusion (R) in cultured hippocampal neurons led to downregulation of GDNF/GFRα1/Ret. NBP upregulated the signaling and increased neuronal survival. Ret inhibitor (NVP-AST487) inhibits Ret and downstream effectors, including p-AKT and p-ERK1/2. Additionally, both GDNF and GFRα1 expression are markedly inhibited in hippocampal neurons by coincubation with NVP-AST487, particularly under conditions of OGD/R. GDNF/GFRα1/Ret signaling and neuronal viability can be maintained by NBP, which activates p-AKT and p-ERK1/2, increases expression of Bcl-2, and decreases expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3. The current study showed that GDNF/GFRα1/Ret signaling plays an essential role in the CCH induced VD. NBP was protective against hippocampal neuron apoptosis, and this was associated with regulation of GDNF/GFRα1/Ret and AKT/ERK1/2 signaling pathways, thus reducing cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxian Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Di Wei
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiaxing Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianye Liang
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kangping Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li'an Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Garranzo-Asensio M, Montero-Calle A, Solís-Fernández G, Barderas R, Guzman-Aranguez A. Protein Microarrays: Valuable Tools for Ocular Diseases Research. Curr Med Chem 2019; 27:4549-4566. [PMID: 31244416 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190627131300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The eye is a complex organ comprised of several compartments with exclusive and specialized properties that reflect their diverse functions. Although the prevalence of eye pathologies is increasing, mainly because of its correlation with aging and of generalized lifestyle changes, the pathogenic molecular mechanisms of many common ocular diseases remain poorly understood. Therefore, there is an unmet need to delve into the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of eye diseases to preserve ocular health and reduce the incidence of visual impairment or blindness. Proteomics analysis stands as a valuable tool for deciphering protein profiles related to specific ocular conditions. In turn, such profiles can lead to real breakthroughs in the fields of ocular science and ophthalmology. Among proteomics techniques, protein microarray technology stands out by providing expanded information using very small volumes of samples. In this review, we present a brief summary of the main types of protein microarrays and their application for the identification of protein changes in chronic ocular diseases such as dry eye, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, or diabetic retinopathy. The validation of these specific protein alterations could provide new biomarkers, disclose eye diseases pathways, and help in the diagnosis and development of novel therapies for eye pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Garranzo-Asensio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/Arcos de Jalon 118, Madrid 28037, Spain
| | - Ana Montero-Calle
- Functional Proteomics Unit, Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Solís-Fernández
- Functional Proteomics Unit, Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Barderas
- Functional Proteomics Unit, Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Guzman-Aranguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/Arcos de Jalon 118, Madrid 28037, Spain
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11
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Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide regulates the Ang-1/Ang-2/Tie-2 signaling axis to promote neovascularization in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 113:108757. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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12
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Miao D, Ma TT, Chen M, Zhao MH. Platelets release proinflammatory microparticles in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019; 58:kez044. [PMID: 30843591 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The biological functions of the platelets contributing to ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) are largely unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the potential role of platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) in AAV. METHODS In the current study, microparticles in AAV patients were analysed by flow cytometry, and PMPs were probed for relative levels of 640 bioactive proteins secreted from patients' platelets using antibody microarrays. These data were then correlated with clinical and pathological parameters. RESULTS PMPs were significantly increased in 69 AAV patients, predominantly MPO-ANCA positive patients in active stage compared with in remission [4406.8/μl (2135.4, 5485.0) vs 549.7/μl (350, 708.5), P < 0.0001], and 43% of microparticles in active AAV were PMPs. Compared with 15 patients in remission, highly expressed proinflammatory molecules in the microparticles from platelets in 15 AAV patients in active stage revealed that potential functions of PMPs were promotion of the effect of chemotaxis, adhesion, growth and apoptosis (all the patients for array analysis were MPO-ANCA positive). The level of PMPs had a significant association with disease activity, inflammation, and renal damage. CONCLUSION PMPs may serve as inflammatory propagators through their wide production of proinflammatory cytokines in AAV, potentially providing a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Miao
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Nephrology, Peking University
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Tian Ma
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Nephrology, Peking University
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China
| | - Min Chen
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Nephrology, Peking University
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China
| | - Ming-Hui Zhao
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Nephrology, Peking University
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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13
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The influence of GDF11 on brain fate and function. GeroScience 2019; 41:1-11. [PMID: 30729414 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) protein that regulates aspects of central nervous system (CNS) formation and health throughout the lifespan. During development, GDF11 influences CNS patterning and the genesis, differentiation, maturation, and activity of new cells, which may be primarily dependent on local production and action. In the aged brain, exogenous, peripherally delivered GDF11 may enhance neurogenesis and angiogenesis, as well as improve neuropathological outcomes. This is in contrast to a predominantly negative influence on neurogenesis in the developing CNS. Seemingly antithetical effects may correspond to the cell types and mechanisms activated by local versus circulating concentrations of GDF11. Yet undefined, distinct mechanisms of action in young and aged brains may also play a role, which could include differential receptor and binding partner interactions. Exogenously increasing circulating GDF11 concentrations may be a viable approach for improving deleterious aspects of brain aging and neuropathology. Caution is warranted, however, since GDF11 appears to negatively influence muscle health and body composition. Nevertheless, an expanding understanding of GDF11 biology suggests that it is an important regulator of CNS formation and fate, and its manipulation may improve aspects of brain health in older organisms.
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Stepler KE, Robinson RAS. The Potential of ‘Omics to Link Lipid Metabolism and Genetic and Comorbidity Risk Factors of Alzheimer’s Disease in African Americans. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1118:1-28. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05542-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Peña-Bautista C, Baquero M, Vento M, Cháfer-Pericás C. Omics-based Biomarkers for the Early Alzheimer Disease Diagnosis and Reliable Therapeutic Targets Development. Curr Neuropharmacol 2019; 17:630-647. [PMID: 30255758 PMCID: PMC6712290 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x16666180926123722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia in adulthood, has great medical, social, and economic impact worldwide. Available treatments result in symptomatic relief, and most of them are indicated from the early stages of the disease. Therefore, there is an increasing body of research developing accurate and early diagnoses, as well as diseasemodifying therapies. OBJECTIVE Advancing the knowledge of AD physiopathological mechanisms, improving early diagnosis and developing effective treatments from omics-based biomarkers. METHODS Studies using omics technologies to detect early AD, were reviewed with a particular focus on the metabolites/lipids, micro-RNAs and proteins, which are identified as potential biomarkers in non-invasive samples. RESULTS This review summarizes recent research on metabolomics/lipidomics, epigenomics and proteomics, applied to early AD detection. Main research lines are the study of metabolites from pathways, such as lipid, amino acid and neurotransmitter metabolisms, cholesterol biosynthesis, and Krebs and urea cycles. In addition, some microRNAs and proteins (microglobulins, interleukins), related to a common network with amyloid precursor protein and tau, have been also identified as potential biomarkers. Nevertheless, the reproducibility of results among studies is not good enough and a standard methodological approach is needed in order to obtain accurate information. CONCLUSION The assessment of metabolomic/lipidomic, epigenomic and proteomic changes associated with AD to identify early biomarkers in non-invasive samples from well-defined participants groups will potentially allow the advancement in the early diagnosis and improvement of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Consuelo Cháfer-Pericás
- Address correspondence to this author at the Health Research Institute La Fe, Avda de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106; 46026 Valencia, Spain;Tel: +34 96 124 66 61; Fax: + 34 96 124 57 46; E-mail:
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16
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Li H, Liu CC, Zheng H, Huang TY. Amyloid, tau, pathogen infection and antimicrobial protection in Alzheimer's disease -conformist, nonconformist, and realistic prospects for AD pathogenesis. Transl Neurodegener 2018; 7:34. [PMID: 30603085 PMCID: PMC6306008 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-018-0139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a fatal disease that threatens the quality of life of an aging population at a global scale. Various hypotheses on the etiology of AD have been developed over the years to guide efforts in search of therapeutic strategies. MAIN BODY In this review, we focus on four AD hypotheses currently relevant to AD onset: the prevailing amyloid cascade hypothesis, the well-recognized tau hypothesis, the increasingly popular pathogen (viral infection) hypothesis, and the infection-related antimicrobial protection hypothesis. In briefly reviewing the main evidence supporting each hypothesis and discussing the questions that need to be addressed, we hope to gain a better understanding of the complicated multi-layered interactions in potential causal and/or risk factors in AD pathogenesis. As a defining feature of AD, the existence of amyloid deposits is likely fundamental to AD onset but is insufficient to wholly reproduce many complexities of the disorder. A similar belief is currently also applied to hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates within neurons, where tau has been postulated to drive neurodegeneration in the presence of pre-existing Aβ plaques in the brain. Although infection of the central nerve system by pathogens such as viruses may increase AD risk, it is yet to be determined whether this phenomenon is applicable to all cases of sporadic AD and whether it is a primary trigger for AD onset. Lastly, the antimicrobial protection hypothesis provides insight into a potential physiological role for Aβ peptides, but how Aβ/microbial interactions affect AD pathogenesis during aging awaits further validation. Nevertheless, this hypothesis cautions potential adverse effects in Aβ-targeting therapies by hindering potential roles for Aβ in anti-viral protection. CONCLUSION AD is a multi-factor complex disorder, which likely requires a combinatorial therapeutic approach to successfully slow or reduce symptomatic memory decline. A better understanding of how various causal and/or risk factors affecting disease onset and progression will enhance the likelihood of conceiving effective treatment paradigms, which may involve personalized treatment strategies for individual patients at varying stages of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL USA
| | - Chia-Chen Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL USA
| | - Hui Zheng
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Timothy Y. Huang
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, San Diego, CA USA
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Garranzo-Asensio M, San Segundo-Acosta P, Martínez-Useros J, Montero-Calle A, Fernández-Aceñero MJ, Häggmark-Månberg A, Pelaez-Garcia A, Villalba M, Rabano A, Nilsson P, Barderas R. Identification of prefrontal cortex protein alterations in Alzheimer's disease. Oncotarget 2018. [PMID: 29541381 PMCID: PMC5834268 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in developed countries. A better understanding of the events taking place at the molecular level would help to identify novel protein alterations, which might be used in diagnosis or for treatment development. In this study, we have performed the high-throughput analysis of 706 molecules mostly implicated in cell-cell communication and cell signaling processes by using two antibody microarray platforms. We screened three AD pathological groups -each one containing four pooled samples- from Braak stages IV, V and VI, and three control groups from two healthy subjects, five frontotemporal and two vascular dementia patients onto Panorama and L-Series antibody microarrays to identify AD-specific alterations not common to other dementias. Forty altered proteins between control and AD groups were detected, and validated by i) meta-analysis of mRNA alterations, ii) WB, and iii) FISH and IHC using an AD-specific tissue microarray containing 44 samples from AD patients at different Braak stages, and frontotemporal and vascular dementia patients and healthy individuals as controls. We identified altered proteins in AD not common to other dementias like the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TOPORS, Layilin and MICB, and validated the association to AD of the previously controverted proteins DDIT3 and the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP. These altered proteins constitute interesting targets for further immunological analyses using sera, plasma and CSF to identify AD blood- or cerebrospinal fluid-biomarkers and to perform functional analysis to determine their specific role in AD, and their usefulness as potential therapeutic targets of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Garranzo-Asensio
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department I, Chemistry Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo San Segundo-Acosta
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department I, Chemistry Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Martínez-Useros
- Translational Oncology Division, OncoHealth Institute, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Montero-Calle
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department I, Chemistry Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Fernández-Aceñero
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Departamento de Anatomía Patològica, Facultad de Medicina, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Häggmark-Månberg
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Mayte Villalba
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department I, Chemistry Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Rabano
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rodrigo Barderas
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department I, Chemistry Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,UFIEC, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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Adams SL, Benayoun L, Tilton K, Mellott TJ, Seshadri S, Blusztajn JK, Delalle I. Immunohistochemical Analysis of Activin Receptor-Like Kinase 1 (ACVRL1/ALK1) Expression in the Rat and Human Hippocampus: Decline in CA3 During Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 63:1433-1443. [PMID: 29843236 PMCID: PMC5988976 DOI: 10.3233/jad-171065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) includes signaling defects mediated by the transforming growth factor β-bone morphogenetic protein-growth and differentiation factor (TGFβ-BMP-GDF) family of proteins. In animal models of AD, administration of BMP9/GDF2 improves memory and reduces amyloidosis. The best characterized type I receptor of BMP9 is ALK1. We characterized ALK1 expression in the hippocampus using immunohistochemistry. In the rat, ALK1 immunoreactivity was found in CA pyramidal neurons, most frequently and robustly in the CA2 and CA3 fields. In addition, there were sporadic ALK1-immunoreactive cells in the stratum oriens, mainly in CA1. The ALK1 expression pattern in human hippocampus was similar to that of rat. Pyramidal neurons within the CA2, CA3, and CA4 were strongly ALK1-immunoreactive in hippocampi of cognitively intact subjects with no neurofibrillary tangles. ALK1 signal was found in the axons of alveus and fimbria, and in the neuropil across CA fields. Relatively strongest ALK1 neuropil signal was observed in CA1 where pyramidal neurons were occasionally ALK1-immunoractive. As in the rat, horizontally oriented neurons in the stratum oriens of CA1 were both ALK1- and GAD67-immunoreactive. Analysis of ALK1 immunoreactivity across stages of AD pathology revealed that disease progression was characterized by overall reduction of the ALK1 signal in CA3 in advanced, but not early, stages of AD. These data suggest that the CA3 pyramidal neurons may remain responsive to the ALK1 ligands, e.g., BMP9, during initial stages of AD and that ALK1 may constitute a therapeutic target in early and moderate AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L. Adams
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laurent Benayoun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathy Tilton
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tiffany J. Mellott
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Framingham Heart Study, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jan Krzysztof Blusztajn
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ivana Delalle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Cooper-Knock J, Green C, Altschuler G, Wei W, Bury JJ, Heath PR, Wyles M, Gelsthorpe C, Highley JR, Lorente-Pons A, Beck T, Doyle K, Otero K, Traynor B, Kirby J, Shaw PJ, Hide W. A data-driven approach links microglia to pathology and prognosis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2017; 5:23. [PMID: 28302159 PMCID: PMC5353945 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-017-0424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that lacks a predictive and broadly applicable biomarker. Continued focus on mutation-specific upstream mechanisms has yet to predict disease progression in the clinic. Utilising cellular pathology common to the majority of ALS patients, we implemented an objective transcriptome-driven approach to develop noninvasive prognostic biomarkers for disease progression. Genes expressed in laser captured motor neurons in direct correlation (Spearman rank correlation, p < 0.01) with counts of neuropathology were developed into co-expression network modules. Screening modules using three gene sets representing rate of disease progression and upstream genetic association with ALS led to the prioritisation of a single module enriched for immune response to motor neuron degeneration. Genes in the network module are important for microglial activation and predict disease progression in genetically heterogeneous ALS cohorts: Expression of three genes in peripheral lymphocytes - LILRA2, ITGB2 and CEBPD – differentiate patients with rapid and slowly progressive disease, suggesting promise as a blood-derived biomarker. TREM2 is a member of the network module and the level of soluble TREM2 protein in cerebrospinal fluid is shown to predict survival when measured in late stage disease (Spearman rank correlation, p = 0.01). Our data-driven systems approach has, for the first time, directly linked microglia to the development of motor neuron pathology. LILRA2, ITGB2 and CEBPD represent peripherally accessible candidate biomarkers and TREM2 provides a broadly applicable therapeutic target for ALS.
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Keshavan A, Heslegrave A, Zetterberg H, Schott JM. Blood Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease: Much Promise, Cautious Progress. Mol Diagn Ther 2017; 21:13-22. [PMID: 27738910 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-016-0241-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have the potential to allow early and more accurate diagnosis, predict disease progression, stratify individuals and track response to candidate therapies in drug trials. The first fluid biomarkers reflecting aspects of AD neuropathology were identified in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the 1990s. Three CSF biomarkers (amyloid-β 1-42, total tau and phospho-tau) have consistently been shown to have diagnostic utility and are incorporated into the new diagnostic criteria for AD. These markers have also been shown in longitudinal studies to predict conversion of mild cognitive impairment to AD. However, a key issue with the use of CSF biomarkers as a screening test is the invasiveness of lumbar puncture. Over the last 20 years there has been an active quest for blood biomarkers, which could be easily acquired and tested repeatedly throughout the disease course. One approach to identifying such markers is to attempt to measure candidates that have already been identified in CSF. Until recently, this approach has been limited by assay sensitivity, but newer platforms now allow single molecule-level detection. Another approach is identification of candidates in large multiplex panels that allow for multiple analytes to be quantified in parallel. While both approaches show promise, to date no blood-based biomarker or combination of biomarkers has sufficient predictive value to have utility in clinical practice. In this review, an overview of promising blood protein candidates is provided, and the challenges of validating and converting these into practicable tests are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashvini Keshavan
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Box 16, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Amanda Heslegrave
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Jonathan M Schott
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Box 16, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
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22
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Wyss-Coray T. Ageing, neurodegeneration and brain rejuvenation. Nature 2016; 539:180-186. [PMID: 27830812 PMCID: PMC5172605 DOI: 10.1038/nature20411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 653] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although systemic diseases take the biggest toll on human health and well-being, increasingly, a failing brain is the arbiter of a death preceded by a gradual loss of the essence of being. Ageing, which is fundamental to neurodegeneration and dementia, affects every organ in the body and seems to be encoded partly in a blood-based signature. Indeed, factors in the circulation have been shown to modulate ageing and to rejuvenate numerous organs, including the brain. The discovery of such factors, the identification of their origins and a deeper understanding of their functions is ushering in a new era in ageing and dementia research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
- Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
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Erratum to: Network-driven plasma proteomics expose molecular changes in the Alzheimer's brain. Mol Neurodegener 2016; 11:42. [PMID: 27216421 PMCID: PMC4877764 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-016-0105-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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