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HLA and tumour immunology: immune escape, immunotherapy and immune-related adverse events. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:737-747. [PMID: 36662304 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04493-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE As molecules responsible for presenting antigens to T lymphocytes, leukocytes antigens (HLAs) play a vital role in cancer immunology. This review aims to provide current understanding of HLAs in tumour immunology. METHODS Perspectives on how HLA alterations may contribute to the immune escape of cancer cells and resistance to immunotherapy, and potential methods to overcome HLA defects were summarized. In addition, we discussed the potential association between HLA and immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which has not been reviewed elsewhere. RESULTS Downregulation, loss of heterogeneity and entire loss of HLAs are responsible for the immune escape of tumour cells. The strategies to overcome the HLA defects can be effective therapies of cancer. Compared with classical HLA-I, non-classical HLA-I molecules, such as HLA-E and HLA-G, appear to be more reliable predictors of prognosis, as they tend to play immunosuppressive roles in antitumor response. Relative diversified or high expression of classical HLA-I are potential predictors of favourable response of immunotherapy. Certain HLA types may be associated to enhanced affinity to self-antigen-mimicked tumour-antigens, thus may positively correlated to irAEs triggered by checkpoint inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Further studies exploring the relationship between HLAs and cancer may not only lead to the development of novel therapies but also bring about better management of irAEs.
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Mora MJ, de Los Ángeles Bayas-Rea R, Mejía L, Cruz C, Guerra S, Calle P, Sandoval DM, Galarza JM, Zapata-Mena S. Identification of human leukocyte antigen in precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions from Ecuadorian women. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 105:105365. [PMID: 36108945 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer in women. Worldwide, it is a public health problem with around 604,127 women diagnosed per year and 341,831 deaths. Cervical cancer and persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are highly associated. However, other factors are also involved, such as viral load, HPV variants, sexual behavior, and genetic factors. The host immune response against HPV has been widely studied and it has shown associations with development of cervical cancer. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes are related to the persistence of HPV infection and progression to cervical cancer because of their role in controlling T-cell mediated immune response to clear the infection. In Ecuador, there is scarce information about HLA and HPV infection with high-risk genotypes in the population. This study aimed to identify host-specific HLA alleles in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) II and III, and cancer infected with HPV-16, 58, and 52. In this study, we included 51 samples previously identified as positive for HPV-16, 58, and 52 from 12 Ecuadorian provinces. As a result, we found that HLA-A*02, HLA-B*35, HLA-C*04, HLA-DRB1*04, and HLA-DQB1*03 alleles were the most frequent, these alleles have been associated with cervical cancer in previous studies; nevertheless, we did not find a statistically significant association between HLA alleles, HPV genotype, and histopathological lesion. This is a baseline study to uncover possible relationships between HLA and HPV to elucidate why this virus can develop a persistent infection in some women leading to the development of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Mora
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Rosa de Los Ángeles Bayas-Rea
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Lorena Mejía
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | | | | | - Diana Muñoz Sandoval
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador; Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Sonia Zapata-Mena
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador.
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Chakravarthy A, Reddin I, Henderson S, Dong C, Kirkwood N, Jeyakumar M, Rodriguez DR, Martinez NG, McDermott J, Su X, Egawa N, Fjeldbo CS, Skingen VE, Lyng H, Halle MK, Krakstad C, Soleiman A, Sprung S, Lechner M, Ellis PJI, Wass M, Michaelis M, Fiegl H, Salvesen H, Thomas GJ, Doorbar J, Chester K, Feber A, Fenton TR. Integrated analysis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma cohorts from three continents reveals conserved subtypes of prognostic significance. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5818. [PMID: 36207323 PMCID: PMC9547055 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33544-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths in women. Here we present an integrated multi-omic analysis of 643 cervical squamous cell carcinomas (CSCC, the most common histological variant of cervical cancer), representing patient populations from the USA, Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa and identify two CSCC subtypes (C1 and C2) with differing prognosis. C1 and C2 tumours can be driven by either of the two most common HPV types in cervical cancer (16 and 18) and while HPV16 and HPV18 are overrepresented among C1 and C2 tumours respectively, the prognostic difference between groups is not due to HPV type. C2 tumours, which comprise approximately 20% of CSCCs across these cohorts, display distinct genomic alterations, including loss or mutation of the STK11 tumour suppressor gene, increased expression of several immune checkpoint genes and differences in the tumour immune microenvironment that may explain the shorter survival associated with this group. In conclusion, we identify two therapy-relevant CSCC subtypes that share the same defining characteristics across three geographically diverse cohorts. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a known cause of cervical cancer. Here, the authors perform a multi-omic analysis using published cervical squamous cell carcinoma cohorts from the USA, Europe, and SubSaharan Africa and identify two cervical squamous cell carcinoma subtypes that display prognostic differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ian Reddin
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Stephen Henderson
- UCL Cancer Institute, Bill Lyons Informatics Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Cindy Dong
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Nerissa Kirkwood
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Maxmilan Jeyakumar
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Nagayasau Egawa
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Heidi Lyng
- Department of Radiation Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mari Kyllesø Halle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Camilla Krakstad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Afschin Soleiman
- INNPATH, Institute of Pathology, Tirol Kliniken Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susanne Sprung
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matt Lechner
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Peter J I Ellis
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Mark Wass
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Martin Michaelis
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Heidi Fiegl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helga Salvesen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gareth J Thomas
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - John Doorbar
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kerry Chester
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Andrew Feber
- Centre for Molecular Pathology, Royal Marsden Hospital Trust, London, UK. .,Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Tim R Fenton
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. .,School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK. .,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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