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Nassiri F, Ajisebutu A, Patil V, Mamatjan Y, Liu J, Wang JZ, Voisin MR, Nejad R, Mansouri S, Karimi S, Chakravarthy A, Chen E, De Carvalho DD, Aldape K, Zadeh G. Metabologenomic characterization uncovers a clinically aggressive IDH mutant glioma subtype. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:68. [PMID: 38583102 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-024-02713-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Mutations in the pivotal metabolic isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes are recognized to drive the molecular footprint of diffuse gliomas, and patients with IDH mutant gliomas have overall favorable outcomes compared to patients with IDH wild-type tumors. However, survival still varies widely among patients with IDH mutated tumors. Here, we aimed to characterize molecular signatures that explain the range of IDH mutant gliomas. By integrating matched epigenome-wide methylome, transcriptome, and global metabolome data in 154 patients with gliomas, we identified a group of IDH mutant gliomas with globally altered metabolism that resembled IDH wild-type tumors. IDH-mutant gliomas with altered metabolism have significantly shorter overall survival from their IDH mutant counterparts that is not fully accounted for by recognized molecular prognostic markers of CDKN2A/B loss and glioma CpG Island Methylator Phenotype (GCIMP) status. IDH-mutant tumors with dysregulated metabolism harbored distinct epigenetic alterations that converged to drive proliferative and stem-like transcriptional profiles, providing a window to target novel dependencies in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Nassiri
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Andrew Ajisebutu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vikas Patil
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yasin Mamatjan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jeff Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Justin Z Wang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mathew R Voisin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Romina Nejad
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sheila Mansouri
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shirin Karimi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kenneth Aldape
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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2
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de Castro FA, Mehdipour P, Chakravarthy A, Ettayebi I, Loo Yau H, Medina TS, Marhon SA, de Almeida FC, Bianco TM, Arruda AGF, Devlin R, de Figueiredo-Pontes LL, Chahud F, da Costa Cacemiro M, Minden MD, Gupta V, De Carvalho DD. Ratio of stemness to interferon signalling as a biomarker and therapeutic target of myeloproliferative neoplasm progression to acute myeloid leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:206-220. [PMID: 37726227 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Progression to aggressive secondary acute myeloid leukaemia (sAML) poses a significant challenge in the management of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Since the physiopathology of MPN is closely linked to the activation of interferon (IFN) signalling and that AML initiation and aggressiveness is driven by leukaemia stem cells (LSCs), we investigated these pathways in MPN to sAML progression. We found that high IFN signalling correlated with low LSC signalling in MPN and AML samples, while MPN progression and AML transformation were characterized by decreased IFN signalling and increased LSC signature. A high LSC to IFN expression ratio in MPN patients was associated with adverse clinical prognosis and higher colony forming potential. Moreover, treatment with hypomethylating agents (HMAs) activates the IFN signalling pathway in MPN cells by inducing a viral mimicry response. This response is characterized by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) formation and MDA5/RIG-I activation. The HMA-induced IFN response leads to a reduction in LSC signature, resulting in decreased stemness. These findings reveal the frequent evasion of viral mimicry during MPN-to-sAML progression, establish the LSC-to-IFN expression ratio as a progression biomarker, and suggests that HMAs treatment can lead to haematological response in murine models by re-activating dsRNA-associated IFN signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabíola Attié de Castro
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Parinaz Mehdipour
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ilias Ettayebi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Helen Loo Yau
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tiago Silva Medina
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Immuno-Oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sajid A Marhon
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Felipe Campos de Almeida
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Institutos Nacionais de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Thiago Mantello Bianco
- Hematology Division, Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology and Clinical Oncology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Andrea G F Arruda
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rebecca Devlin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lorena Lobo de Figueiredo-Pontes
- Hematology Division, Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology and Clinical Oncology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fernando Chahud
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Maira da Costa Cacemiro
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mark D Minden
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vikas Gupta
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Zuccato JA, Patil V, Mansouri S, Voisin M, Chakravarthy A, Shen SY, Nassiri F, Mikolajewicz N, Trifoi M, Skakodub A, Zacharia B, Glantz M, De Carvalho DD, Mansouri A, Zadeh G. Cerebrospinal fluid methylome-based liquid biopsies for accurate malignant brain neoplasm classification. Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:1452-1460. [PMID: 36455236 PMCID: PMC10398815 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resolving the differential diagnosis between brain metastases (BM), glioblastomas (GBM), and central nervous system lymphomas (CNSL) is an important dilemma for the clinical management of the main three intra-axial brain tumor types. Currently, treatment decisions require invasive diagnostic surgical biopsies that carry risks and morbidity. This study aimed to utilize methylomes from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), a biofluid proximal to brain tumors, for reliable non-invasive classification that addresses limitations associated with low target abundance in existing approaches. METHODS Binomial GLMnet classifiers of tumor type were built, in fifty iterations of 80% discovery sets, using CSF methylomes obtained from 57 BM, GBM, CNSL, and non-neoplastic control patients. Publicly-available tissue methylation profiles (N = 197) on these entities and normal brain parenchyma were used for validation and model optimization. RESULTS Models reliably distinguished between BM (area under receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC] = 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71-1.0), GBM (AUROC = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.63-1.0), and CNSL (AUROC = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.66-1.0) in independent 20% validation sets. For validation, CSF-based methylome signatures reliably distinguished between tumor types within external tissue samples and tumors from non-neoplastic controls in CSF and tissue. CSF methylome signals were observed to align closely with tissue signatures for each entity. An additional set of optimized CSF-based models, built using tumor-specific features present in tissue data, showed enhanced classification accuracy. CONCLUSIONS CSF methylomes are reliable for liquid biopsy-based classification of the major three malignant brain tumor types. We discuss how liquid biopsies may impact brain cancer management in the future by avoiding surgical risks, classifying unbiopsiable tumors, and guiding surgical planning when resection is indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Zuccato
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vikas Patil
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sheila Mansouri
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mathew Voisin
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shu Yi Shen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Farshad Nassiri
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Mara Trifoi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anna Skakodub
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brad Zacharia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael Glantz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alireza Mansouri
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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4
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Medina TS, Murison A, Smith M, Kinker GS, Chakravarthy A, Vitiello GAF, Turpin W, Shen SY, Yau HL, Sarmento OF, Faubion W, Lupien M, Silverberg MS, Arrowsmith CH, De Carvalho DD. The chromatin and single-cell transcriptional landscapes of CD4 T cells in inflammatory bowel disease link risk loci with a proinflammatory Th17 cell population. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1161901. [PMID: 37600767 PMCID: PMC10436103 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1161901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The imbalance between Th17 and regulatory T cells in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) promotes intestinal epithelial cell damage. In this scenario, T helper cell lineage commitment is accompanied by dynamic changes to the chromatin that facilitate or repress gene expression. Methods Here, we characterized the chromatin landscape and heterogeneity of intestinal and peripheral CD4 T cellsfrom IBD patients using in house ATAC-Seq and single cell RNA-Seq libraries. Results We show that chromatin accessibility profiles of CD4 T cells from inflamed intestinal biopsies relate to genes associated with a network of inflammatory processes. After integrating the chromatin profiles of tissue-derived CD4 T cells and in-vitro polarized CD4 T cell subpopulations, we found that the chromatin accessibility changes of CD4 T cells were associated with a higher predominance of pathogenic Th17 cells (pTh17 cells) in inflamed biopsies. In addition, IBD risk loci in CD4 T cells were colocalized with accessible chromatin changes near pTh17-related genes, as shown in intronic STAT3 and IL23R regions enriched in areas of active intestinal inflammation. Moreover, single cell RNA-Seq analysis revealed a population of pTh17 cells that co-expresses Th1 and cytotoxic transcriptional programs associated with IBD severity. Discussion Altogether, we show that cytotoxic pTh17 cells were specifically associated with IBD genetic variants and linked to intestinal inflammation of IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago S. Medina
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alex Murison
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle Smith
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gabriela S. Kinker
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Williams Turpin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shu Yi Shen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Helen L. Yau
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Olga F. Sarmento
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - William Faubion
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Mathieu Lupien
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark S. Silverberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cheryl H. Arrowsmith
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel D. De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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5
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Chakravarthy A, Reddin I, Henderson S, Dong C, Kirkwood N, Jeyakumar M, Rodriguez DR, Martinez NG, McDermott J, Su X, Egawa N, Fjeldbo CS, Skingen VE, Lyng H, Halle MK, Krakstad C, Soleiman A, Sprung S, Lechner M, Ellis PJI, Wass M, Michaelis M, Fiegl H, Salvesen H, Thomas GJ, Doorbar J, Chester K, Feber A, Fenton TR. Integrated analysis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma cohorts from three continents reveals conserved subtypes of prognostic significance. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5818. [PMID: 36207323 PMCID: PMC9547055 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33544-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths in women. Here we present an integrated multi-omic analysis of 643 cervical squamous cell carcinomas (CSCC, the most common histological variant of cervical cancer), representing patient populations from the USA, Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa and identify two CSCC subtypes (C1 and C2) with differing prognosis. C1 and C2 tumours can be driven by either of the two most common HPV types in cervical cancer (16 and 18) and while HPV16 and HPV18 are overrepresented among C1 and C2 tumours respectively, the prognostic difference between groups is not due to HPV type. C2 tumours, which comprise approximately 20% of CSCCs across these cohorts, display distinct genomic alterations, including loss or mutation of the STK11 tumour suppressor gene, increased expression of several immune checkpoint genes and differences in the tumour immune microenvironment that may explain the shorter survival associated with this group. In conclusion, we identify two therapy-relevant CSCC subtypes that share the same defining characteristics across three geographically diverse cohorts. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a known cause of cervical cancer. Here, the authors perform a multi-omic analysis using published cervical squamous cell carcinoma cohorts from the USA, Europe, and SubSaharan Africa and identify two cervical squamous cell carcinoma subtypes that display prognostic differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ian Reddin
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Stephen Henderson
- UCL Cancer Institute, Bill Lyons Informatics Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Cindy Dong
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Nerissa Kirkwood
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Maxmilan Jeyakumar
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Nagayasau Egawa
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Heidi Lyng
- Department of Radiation Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mari Kyllesø Halle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Camilla Krakstad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Afschin Soleiman
- INNPATH, Institute of Pathology, Tirol Kliniken Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susanne Sprung
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matt Lechner
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Peter J I Ellis
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Mark Wass
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Martin Michaelis
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Heidi Fiegl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helga Salvesen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gareth J Thomas
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - John Doorbar
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kerry Chester
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Andrew Feber
- Centre for Molecular Pathology, Royal Marsden Hospital Trust, London, UK. .,Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Tim R Fenton
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. .,School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK. .,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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6
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Baratchian M, Tiwari R, Khalighi S, Chakravarthy A, Yuan W, Berk M, Li J, Guerinot A, de Bono J, Makarov V, Chan TA, Silverman RH, Stark GR, Varadan V, De Carvalho DD, Chakraborty AA, Sharifi N. H3K9 methylation drives resistance to androgen receptor-antagonist therapy in prostate cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2114324119. [PMID: 35584120 PMCID: PMC9173765 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2114324119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiandrogen strategies remain the prostate cancer treatment backbone, but drug resistance develops. We show that androgen blockade in prostate cancer leads to derepression of retroelements (REs) followed by a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-stimulated interferon response that blocks tumor growth. A forward genetic approach identified H3K9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) as an essential epigenetic adaptation to antiandrogens, which enabled transcriptional silencing of REs that otherwise stimulate interferon signaling and glucocorticoid receptor expression. Elevated expression of terminal H3K9me3 writers was associated with poor patient hormonal therapy outcomes. Forced expression of H3K9me3 writers conferred resistance, whereas inhibiting H3K9-trimethylation writers and readers restored RE expression, blocking antiandrogen resistance. Our work reveals a drug resistance axis that integrates multiple cellular signaling elements and identifies potential pharmacologic vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Baratchian
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Ritika Tiwari
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Sirvan Khalighi
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Wei Yuan
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Berk
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Jianneng Li
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Amy Guerinot
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Johann de Bono
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Vladimir Makarov
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Timothy A. Chan
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Robert H. Silverman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - George R. Stark
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Vinay Varadan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Daniel D. De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Abhishek A. Chakraborty
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44125
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7
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Zuccato J, Patil V, Mansouri S, Liu J, Nassiri F, Mamatjan Y, Chakravarthy A, Karimi S, Almeida JP, Bernat AL, Hasen M, Khan S, Kislinger T, Sinha N, Froelich S, Adle-Biassette H, Aldape K, De Carvalho D, Zadeh G. EPCO-32. IDENTIFICATION OF PROGNOSTIC CHORDOMA SUBGROUPS USING DNA METHYLATION SIGNATURES IN TISSUE AND PLASMA. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab196.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Chordomas are malignant bone cancers arising from the skull-base and spine that are rare but cause devastating central nervous system morbidities. Survival is highly variable despite surgery and radiotherapy as 10% live under 1 year and 30-35% survive over 20 years. There are currently no reliable prognostic factors and this limits our ability to tailor patient treatment to their risk. Accordingly, this work identifies epigenetic prognostic chordoma subgroups that are detectable non-invasively through plasma methylomes to guide treatment.
METHODS
A total of 68 chordoma surgical specimens resected between 1996-2018 across three international centres underwent DNA methylation profiling. Cell-free methylated tumor DNA immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing was performed on available matched plasma samples.
RESULTS
Two stable tumor clusters were identified through consensus clustering of tissue methylation data. Clusters had statistically significantly different disease-specific survivals (log-rank p=0.0062) independent of clinical factors in a multivariable Cox analysis (HR=16.5, 95%CI: 2.8-96, p=0.0018). The poorer-performing “Immune-infiltrated” cluster had genes hypomethylated at promoters, typically resulting in transcription, within immune-related pathways and higher immune cell abundance within tumors. The better-performing “Cellular” cluster showed higher tumor cellularity plus cell-to-cell interaction and extracellular matrix pathway hypomethylation. Fifty chordoma-versus-other binomial generalized linear models built using plasma methylome data distinguished chordomas from meningiomas and spinal metastases, as representative clinical differential diagnoses, in random left-out 20% testing sets (mean AUROC=0.84, 95%CI: 0.52-1.00). Plasma-based methylation signatures were highly correlated with tissue-based signals within both poor-performing (median r=0.69, 95%CI: 0.66-0.72) and better-performing cluster tumors (median r=0.67, 95%CI: 0.62-0.72).
CONCLUSIONS
The first identification of two distinct prognostic epigenetic chordoma subgroups is shown here with “Immune-infiltrated” tumors having a poorer prognosis than “Cellular” tumors. Plasma methylomes can be utilized for non-invasive chordoma diagnosis and subtyping. This work may transform chordoma treatment decision-making by guiding surgical planning in advance to match resection aggressiveness with patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vikas Patil
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Jeffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Farshad Nassiri
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shahbaz Khan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Kenneth Aldape
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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8
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Zuccato JA, Patil V, Mansouri S, Liu JC, Nassiri F, Mamatjan Y, Chakravarthy A, Karimi S, Almeida JP, Bernat AL, Hasen M, Singh O, Khan S, Kislinger T, Sinha N, Froelich S, Adle-Biassette H, Aldape KD, De Carvalho DD, Zadeh G. DNA Methylation based prognostic subtypes of chordoma tumors in tissue and plasma. Neuro Oncol 2021; 24:442-454. [PMID: 34614192 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chordomas are rare malignant bone cancers of the skull-base and spine. Patient survival is variable and not reliably predicted using clinical factors or molecular features. This study identifies prognostic epigenetic chordoma subtypes that are detected non-invasively using plasma methylomes. METHODS Methylation profiles of 68 chordoma surgical samples were obtained between 1996-2018 across three international centres along with matched plasma methylomes where available. RESULTS Consensus clustering identified two stable tissue clusters with a disease-specific survival difference that was independent of clinical factors in a multivariate Cox analysis (HR=14.2, 95%CI: 2.1-94.8, p=0.0063). Immune-related pathways with genes hypomethylated at promoters and increased immune cell abundance were observed in the poor-performing "Immune-infiltrated" subtype. Cell-to-cell interaction plus extracellular matrix pathway hypomethylation and higher tumor purity was observed in the better-performing "Cellular" subtype. The findings were validated in additional DNA methylation and RNA sequencing datasets as well as with immunohistochemical staining. Plasma methylomes distinguished chordomas from other clinical differential diagnoses by applying fifty chordoma-versus-other binomial generalized linear models in random 20% testing sets (mean AUROC=0.84, 95%CI: 0.52-1.00). Tissue-based and plasma-based methylation signals were highly correlated in both prognostic clusters. Additionally, leave-one-out models accurately classified all tumors into their correct cluster based on plasma methylation data. CONCLUSIONS Here, we show the first identification of prognostic epigenetic chordoma subtypes and first use of plasma methylome-based biomarkers to non-invasively diagnose and subtype chordomas. These results may transform patient management by allowing treatment aggressiveness to be balanced with patient risk according to prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Zuccato
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vikas Patil
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sheila Mansouri
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey C Liu
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Farshad Nassiri
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yasin Mamatjan
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shirin Karimi
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joao Paulo Almeida
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne-Laure Bernat
- Neurosurgery Department, Hôpital Lariboisiere, APHP, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Mohammed Hasen
- Section of Neurosurgery, Division of Surgery, Rady Faculty of Health Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Department of Neurosurgery, King Fahad University Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Olivia Singh
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas Kislinger
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Namita Sinha
- Department of Pathology, Shared Health, HSC, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sébastien Froelich
- Neurosurgery Department, Hôpital Lariboisiere, APHP, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Homa Adle-Biassette
- Department of Pathology, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Kenneth D Aldape
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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9
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Taylor K, Loo Yau H, Chakravarthy A, Wang B, Shen SY, Ettayebi I, Ishak CA, Bedard PL, Abdul Razak A, R Hansen A, Spreafico A, Cescon D, Butler MO, Oza AM, Lheureux S, Stjepanovic N, Van As B, Boross-Harmer S, Wang L, Pugh TJ, Ohashi PS, Siu LL, De Carvalho DD. An open-label, phase II multicohort study of an oral hypomethylating agent CC-486 and durvalumab in advanced solid tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-000883. [PMID: 32753546 PMCID: PMC7406114 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate whether administration of the oral DNA hypomethylating agent CC-486 enhances the poor response rate of immunologically ‘cold’ solid tumors to immune checkpoint inhibitor durvalumab. Experimental design PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitor naïve patients with advanced microsatellite stable colorectal cancer; platinum resistant ovarian cancer; and estrogen receptor positive, HER2 negative breast cancer were enrolled in this single-institution, investigator-initiated trial. Two 28 day regimens, regimen A (CC-486 300 mg QD Days 1–14 (cycles 1–3 only) in combination with durvalumab 1500 mg intravenous day 15) and regimen B (CC-486 100 mg QD days 1–21 (cycle 1 and beyond), vitamin C 500 mg once a day continuously and durvalumab 1500 mg intravenous day 15) were investigated. Patients underwent paired tumor biopsies and serial peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collection for immune-profiling, transcriptomic and epigenomic analyzes. Results A total of 28 patients were enrolled, 19 patients treated on regimen A and 9 on regimen B. The combination of CC-486 and durvalumab was tolerable. Regimen B, with a lower dose of CC-486 extended over a longer treatment course, showed less grade 3/4 adverse effects. Global LINE-1 methylation assessment of serial PBMCs and genome-wide DNA methylation profile in paired tumor biopsies demonstrated minimal changes in global methylation in both regimens. The lack of robust tumor DNA demethylation was accompanied by an absence of the expected ‘viral mimicry’ inflammatory response, and consequently, no clinical responses were observed. The disease control rate was 7.1%. The median progression-free survival was 1.9 months (95% CI 1.5 to 2.3) and median overall survival was 5 months (95% CI 4.5 to 10). Conclusions The evaluated treatment schedules of CC-486 in combination with durvalumab did not demonstrate robust pharmacodynamic or clinical activity in selected immunologically cold solid tumors. Lessons learned from this biomarker-rich study should inform continued drug development efforts using these agents. Trial registration number NCT02811497.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Taylor
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Helen Loo Yau
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genetics and Epigenetics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ben Wang
- Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Immuno-Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shu Yi Shen
- Genetics and Epigenetics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ilias Ettayebi
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles A Ishak
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genetics and Epigenetics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philippe L Bedard
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Albiruni Abdul Razak
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron R Hansen
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Spreafico
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dave Cescon
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcus O Butler
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amit M Oza
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie Lheureux
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neda Stjepanovic
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brendan Van As
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Boross-Harmer
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa Wang
- Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Trevor J Pugh
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genomics, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pamela S Ohashi
- Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Immuno-Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lillian L Siu
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,Genetics and Epigenetics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Nassiri F, Liu J, Patil V, Mamatjan Y, Wang JZ, Hugh-White R, Macklin AM, Khan S, Singh O, Karimi S, Corona RI, Liu LY, Chen CY, Chakravarthy A, Wei Q, Mehani B, Suppiah S, Gao A, Workewych AM, Tabatabai G, Boutros PC, Bader GD, de Carvalho DD, Kislinger T, Aldape K, Zadeh G. A clinically applicable integrative molecular classification of meningiomas. Nature 2021; 597:119-125. [PMID: 34433969 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03850-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumour in adults1. Patients with symptoms are generally treated with surgery as there are no effective medical therapies. The World Health Organization histopathological grade of the tumour and the extent of resection at surgery (Simpson grade) are associated with the recurrence of disease; however, they do not accurately reflect the clinical behaviour of all meningiomas2. Molecular classifications of meningioma that reliably reflect tumour behaviour and inform on therapies are required. Here we introduce four consensus molecular groups of meningioma by combining DNA somatic copy-number aberrations, DNA somatic point mutations, DNA methylation and messenger RNA abundance in a unified analysis. These molecular groups more accurately predicted clinical outcomes compared with existing classification schemes. Each molecular group showed distinctive and prototypical biology (immunogenic, benign NF2 wild-type, hypermetabolic and proliferative) that informed therapeutic options. Proteogenomic characterization reinforced the robustness of the newly defined molecular groups and uncovered highly abundant and group-specific protein targets that we validated using immunohistochemistry. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed inter-individual variations in meningioma as well as variations in intrinsic expression programs in neoplastic cells that mirrored the biology of the molecular groups identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Nassiri
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The International Consortium on Meningiomas, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeff Liu
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The International Consortium on Meningiomas, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vikas Patil
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The International Consortium on Meningiomas, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yasin Mamatjan
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The International Consortium on Meningiomas, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Justin Z Wang
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The International Consortium on Meningiomas, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rupert Hugh-White
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew M Macklin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olivia Singh
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shirin Karimi
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rosario I Corona
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lydia Y Liu
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Caroline Y Chen
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qingxia Wei
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bharati Mehani
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Suganth Suppiah
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The International Consortium on Meningiomas, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Gao
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adriana M Workewych
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ghazaleh Tabatabai
- The International Consortium on Meningiomas, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Paul C Boutros
- The International Consortium on Meningiomas, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gary D Bader
- The Donnelly Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel D de Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas Kislinger
- The International Consortium on Meningiomas, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth Aldape
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The International Consortium on Meningiomas, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- The International Consortium on Meningiomas, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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11
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Mehdipour P, Marhon SA, Ettayebi I, Chakravarthy A, Hosseini A, Wang Y, de Castro FA, Yau HL, Ishak C, Abelson S, O'Brien CA, De Carvalho DD. Publisher Correction: Epigenetic therapy induces transcription of inverted SINEs and ADAR1 dependency. Nature 2021; 591:E20. [PMID: 33654322 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Mehdipour
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Sajid A Marhon
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ilias Ettayebi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amir Hosseini
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yadong Wang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fabíola Attié de Castro
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Helen Loo Yau
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles Ishak
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sagi Abelson
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine A O'Brien
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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12
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Loo Yau H, Bell E, Ettayebi I, de Almeida FC, Boukhaled GM, Shen SY, Allard D, Morancho B, Marhon SA, Ishak CA, Gonzaga IM, da Silva Medina T, Singhania R, Chakravarthy A, Chen R, Mehdipour P, Pommey S, Klein C, Amarante-Mendes GP, Roulois D, Arribas J, Stagg J, Brooks DG, De Carvalho DD. DNA hypomethylating agents increase activation and cytolytic activity of CD8 + T cells. Mol Cell 2021; 81:1469-1483.e8. [PMID: 33609448 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that DNA hypomethylating agent (HMA) treatment can directly modulate the anti-tumor response and effector function of CD8+ T cells. In vivo HMA treatment promotes CD8+ T cell tumor infiltration and suppresses tumor growth via CD8+ T cell-dependent activity. Ex vivo, HMAs enhance primary human CD8+ T cell activation markers, effector cytokine production, and anti-tumor cytolytic activity. Epigenomic and transcriptomic profiling shows that HMAs vastly regulate T cell activation-related transcriptional networks, culminating with over-activation of NFATc1 short isoforms. Mechanistically, demethylation of an intragenic CpG island immediately downstream to the 3' UTR of the short isoform was associated with antisense transcription and alternative polyadenylation of NFATc1 short isoforms. High-dimensional single-cell mass cytometry analyses reveal a selective effect of HMAs on a subset of human CD8+ T cell subpopulations, increasing both the number and abundance of a granzyme Bhigh, perforinhigh effector subpopulation. Overall, our findings support the use of HMAs as a therapeutic strategy to boost anti-tumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Loo Yau
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Emma Bell
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Ilias Ettayebi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Felipe Campos de Almeida
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Institutos Nacionais de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Giselle M Boukhaled
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Shu Yi Shen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - David Allard
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Beatriz Morancho
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) and CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sajid A Marhon
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Charles A Ishak
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Isabela M Gonzaga
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Tiago da Silva Medina
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada; Translational Immuno-oncology Laboratory, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-001, Brazil
| | - Rajat Singhania
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Raymond Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Parinaz Mehdipour
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Sandra Pommey
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Christian Klein
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Wagistrasse 10, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Gustavo P Amarante-Mendes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Institutos Nacionais de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - David Roulois
- UMR U1236, INSERM, Université de Rennes 1, EFS, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Joaquín Arribas
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) and CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Stagg
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - David G Brooks
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
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13
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Nassiri F, Chakravarthy A, Feng S, Shen SY, Nejad R, Zuccato JA, Voisin M, Horbinski C, Aldape K, de Carvalho D, Zadeh G. Sensitive Detection and Discrimination of Intracranial Tumors Using Plasma Cell-free DNA Methylomes. Neurosurgery 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyaa447_818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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14
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Nassiri F, Chakravarthy A, Feng S, Shen R, Nejad R, Zuccato J, Voisin M, Patil V, Horbinski C, Aldape K, Zadeh G, de Carvalho D. BIOM-62 SENSITIVE DETECTION AND DISCRIMINATION OF INTRACRANIAL TUMORS BY BLOOD. Neuro Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The diagnosis of intracranial tumors relies on tissue specimens obtained by invasive surgery. Non-invasive diagnostic approaches, particularly for patients with brain tumours, provide an opportunity to avoid surgery and mitigate unnecessary risk to patients. We reasoned that DNA methylation profiles of circulating tumor DNA in blood can be used as a clinically useful biomarker for patients with brain tumors, given the specificity of DNA methylation profiles for cell-of-origin.
METHODS
We generated methylation profiles on the plasma of 608 patients with cancer (219 intracranial, 388 extracranial) and 60 healthy controls using a cell-free methylated DNA immunoprecipitation combined with deep sequencing (cfMeDIP-seq) approach. Using machine-learning approaches we generated and evaluated models to distinguish brain tumors from extracranial cancers that may metastasize to the brain, as well as additional models to discriminate common brain tumors included in the differential diagnosis of solitary extra-axial and intra-axial tumors.
RESULTS
We observed high sensitivity and discriminative capacity for our models to distinguish gliomas from other cancerous and healthy patients (AUC=0.99, 95%CI 0.96–1), with similar performance in IDH mutant and wildtype gliomas as well as in lower- and high-grade gliomas. Excluding non-malignant contributors to plasma methylation did not change model performance (AUC=0.982, 95%CI 0.93–1). Models generated to discriminate intracranial tumors from each other also demonstrated high accuracy for common extra-axial tumors (AUCmeningioma=0.89, 95%CI 0.80–0.97; AUChemangiopericytoma=0.95, 95%CI 0.73–1) as well as intra-axial tumors ranging from low-grade indolent glial-neuronal tumors (AUC 0.93, 95%CI 0.80 – 1) to diffuse intra-axial gliomas with distinct molecular composition (AUCIDH-mutant glioma = 0.82, 95%CI 0.66 -0.98; AUCIDH-wildtype-glioma = 0.71, 95%CI 0.53 – 0.9). Plasma cfMeDIP-seq signals originated from corresponding tumor tissue DNA methylation signals (r=0.37, p< 2.2e-16).
CONCLUSIONS
These results demonstrate the potential for cfMeDIP-seq profiles to not only detect circulating tumor DNA, but to accurately discriminate common intracranial tumors that share cell-of-origin lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shengrui Feng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Roxana Shen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Romina Nejad
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Mathew Voisin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vikas Patil
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Kenneth Aldape
- National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
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15
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Halaby MJ, Hezaveh K, Lamorte S, Ciudad MT, Kloetgen A, MacLeod BL, Guo M, Chakravarthy A, Medina TDS, Ugel S, Tsirigos A, Bronte V, Munn DH, Pugh TJ, De Carvalho DD, Butler MO, Ohashi PS, Brooks DG, McGaha TL. GCN2 drives macrophage and MDSC function and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Sci Immunol 2020; 4:4/42/eaax8189. [PMID: 31836669 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aax8189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
General control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2) is an environmental sensor controlling transcription and translation in response to nutrient availability. Although GCN2 is a putative therapeutic target for immuno-oncology, its role in shaping the immune response to tumors is poorly understood. Here, we used mass cytometry, transcriptomics, and transcription factor-binding analysis to determine the functional impact of GCN2 on the myeloid phenotype and immune responses in melanoma. We found that myeloid-lineage deletion of GCN2 drives a shift in the phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that promotes antitumor immunity. Time-of-flight mass cytometry (CyTOF) and single-cell RNA sequencing showed that this was due to changes in the immune microenvironment with increased proinflammatory activation of macrophages and MDSCs and interferon-γ expression in intratumoral CD8+ T cells. Mechanistically, GCN2 altered myeloid function by promoting increased translation of the transcription factor CREB-2/ATF4, which was required for maturation and polarization of macrophages and MDSCs in both mice and humans, whereas targeting Atf4 by small interfering RNA knockdown reduced tumor growth. Last, analysis of patients with cutaneous melanoma showed that GCN2-dependent transcriptional signatures correlated with macrophage polarization, T cell infiltrates, and overall survival. Thus, these data reveal a previously unknown dependence of tumors on myeloid GCN2 signals for protection from immune attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Jo Halaby
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kebria Hezaveh
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sara Lamorte
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Teresa Ciudad
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andreas Kloetgen
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bethany L MacLeod
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mengdi Guo
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Stefano Ugel
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Section, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vincenzo Bronte
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Section, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - David H Munn
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Trevor J Pugh
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marcus O Butler
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pamela S Ohashi
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David G Brooks
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tracy L McGaha
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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16
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Nassiri F, Chakravarthy A, Feng S, Shen SY, Nejad R, Zuccato JA, Voisin MR, Patil V, Horbinski C, Aldape K, Zadeh G, De Carvalho DD. Detection and discrimination of intracranial tumors using plasma cell-free DNA methylomes. Nat Med 2020; 26:1044-1047. [PMID: 32572265 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0932-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Definitive diagnosis of intracranial tumors relies on tissue specimens obtained by invasive surgery. Noninvasive diagnostic approaches provide an opportunity to avoid surgery and mitigate unnecessary risk to patients. In the present study, we show that DNA-methylation profiles from plasma reveal highly specific signatures to detect and accurately discriminate common primary intracranial tumors that share cell-of-origin lineages and can be challenging to distinguish using standard-of-care imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Nassiri
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shengrui Feng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shu Yi Shen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Romina Nejad
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey A Zuccato
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mathew R Voisin
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vikas Patil
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kenneth Aldape
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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17
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Nuzzo PV, Berchuck JE, Korthauer K, Spisak S, Nassar AH, Abou Alaiwi S, Chakravarthy A, Shen SY, Bakouny Z, Boccardo F, Steinharter J, Bouchard G, Curran CR, Pan W, Baca SC, Seo JH, Lee GSM, Michaelson MD, Chang SL, Waikar SS, Sonpavde G, Irizarry RA, Pomerantz M, De Carvalho DD, Choueiri TK, Freedman ML. Detection of renal cell carcinoma using plasma and urine cell-free DNA methylomes. Nat Med 2020; 26:1041-1043. [PMID: 32572266 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0933-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Improving early cancer detection has the potential to substantially reduce cancer-related mortality. Cell-free methylated DNA immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing (cfMeDIP-seq) is a highly sensitive assay capable of detecting early-stage tumors. We report accurate classification of patients across all stages of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in plasma (area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of 0.99) and demonstrate the validity of this assay to identify patients with RCC using urine cell-free DNA (cfDNA; AUROC of 0.86).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Vitale Nuzzo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Jacob E Berchuck
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keegan Korthauer
- Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sandor Spisak
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amin H Nassar
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Abou Alaiwi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shu Yi Shen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ziad Bakouny
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesco Boccardo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Academic Unit of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - John Steinharter
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gabrielle Bouchard
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine R Curran
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wenting Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylvan C Baca
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ji-Heui Seo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gwo-Shu Mary Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Dror Michaelson
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Hematology/Oncology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven L Chang
- Division of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sushrut S Waikar
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Section of Nephrology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guru Sonpavde
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rafael A Irizarry
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark Pomerantz
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Toni K Choueiri
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Matthew L Freedman
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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18
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Ford K, Hanley CJ, Mellone M, Szyndralewiez C, Heitz F, Wiesel P, Wood O, Machado M, Lopez MA, Ganesan AP, Wang C, Chakravarthy A, Fenton TR, King EV, Vijayanand P, Ottensmeier CH, Al-Shamkhani A, Savelyeva N, Thomas GJ. NOX4 Inhibition Potentiates Immunotherapy by Overcoming Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Mediated CD8 T-cell Exclusion from Tumors. Cancer Res 2020; 80:1846-1860. [PMID: 32122909 PMCID: PMC7611230 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Determining mechanisms of resistance to αPD-1/PD-L1 immune-checkpoint immunotherapy is key to developing new treatment strategies. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) have many tumor-promoting functions and promote immune evasion through multiple mechanisms, but as yet, no CAF-specific inhibitors are clinically available. Here we generated CAF-rich murine tumor models (TC1, MC38, and 4T1) to investigate how CAFs influence the immune microenvironment and affect response to different immunotherapy modalities [anticancer vaccination, TC1 (HPV E7 DNA vaccine), αPD-1, and MC38] and found that CAFs broadly suppressed response by specifically excluding CD8+ T cells from tumors (not CD4+ T cells or macrophages); CD8+ T-cell exclusion was similarly present in CAF-rich human tumors. RNA sequencing of CD8+ T cells from CAF-rich murine tumors and immunochemistry analysis of human tumors identified significant upregulation of CTLA-4 in the absence of other exhaustion markers; inhibiting CTLA-4 with a nondepleting antibody overcame the CD8+ T-cell exclusion effect without affecting Tregs. We then examined the potential for CAF targeting, focusing on the ROS-producing enzyme NOX4, which is upregulated by CAF in many human cancers, and compared this with TGFβ1 inhibition, a key regulator of the CAF phenotype. siRNA knockdown or pharmacologic inhibition [GKT137831 (Setanaxib)] of NOX4 "normalized" CAF to a quiescent phenotype and promoted intratumoral CD8+ T-cell infiltration, overcoming the exclusion effect; TGFβ1 inhibition could prevent, but not reverse, CAF differentiation. Finally, NOX4 inhibition restored immunotherapy response in CAF-rich tumors. These findings demonstrate that CAF-mediated immunotherapy resistance can be effectively overcome through NOX4 inhibition and could improve outcome in a broad range of cancers. SIGNIFICANCE: NOX4 is critical for maintaining the immune-suppressive CAF phenotype in tumors. Pharmacologic inhibition of NOX4 potentiates immunotherapy by overcoming CAF-mediated CD8+ T-cell exclusion. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/80/9/1846/F1.large.jpg.See related commentary by Hayward, p. 1799.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Ford
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Christopher J Hanley
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Massimiliano Mellone
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | | | | | - Oliver Wood
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Maria Machado
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | | | - Chuan Wang
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tim R Fenton
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Emma V King
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | | | - Aymen Al-Shamkhani
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Natalia Savelyeva
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Gareth J Thomas
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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19
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Yoo S, Chen Q, Wang L, Wang W, Chakravarthy A, Busuttil R, Boussioutas A, Fenton TR, Zhang J, Fan X, Leung SY, Zhu J. Abstract B103: Molecular heterogeneity of gastric cancer explained by methylation-driven key regulators. Cancer Immunol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6074.tumimm19-b103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a heterogeneous disease in which diverse genetic, genomic, and epigenetic alterations can accumulate in different molecular and histologic subtypes. Tumor microenvironment (TME) also contributes to the heterogeneity of GC. To investigate what molecular features of tumor cells drive GC heterogeneity, we developed an integrative causal model, called Integrative Sequential Causality Test (ISCT), to identify key regulators of GC by integrating DNA methylation, copy number variation, and transcriptomic data. Applying ISCT to three GC cohorts that contain methylation, CNV, and gene expression data, 11 common methylation-driven key regulators were identified: ADHFE1, CDO1, CRYAB, FSTL1, GTP, PKP3, PTPRCAP, RAB25, RHOH, SFN, and SORD. Based on these 11 genes, gastric tumors resolved into three groups that were associated with known molecular subtypes, Lauren classification, tumor stage, and patient survival, suggesting significance of the methylation-driven key regulators in molecular and histologic heterogeneity of GC. We also investigated the relationship between TME and the methylation-driven key regulators and showed that both immune/stromal proportions in TME and tumor cell genomics variations contributed to expression variations of the methylation-driven key regulators. Especially, FSTL1, significantly associated with patient survival and tumor progression as well as stromal proportion in TME, was expressed at high level in both stromal and cancer cells, indicating its potential role in mediating tumor-stroma interactions. In summary, this study suggests that genetic, genomic, and epigenetic alterations as well as their interactions with TME contribute to heterogeneity of GC.
Citation Format: Seungyeul Yoo, Quan Chen, Li Wang, Wenhui Wang, Ankur Chakravarthy, Rita Busuttil, Alex Boussioutas, Tim R. Fenton, Jiangwen Zhang, Xiaodan Fan, Seut-Yi Leung, Jun Zhu. Molecular heterogeneity of gastric cancer explained by methylation-driven key regulators [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2019 Nov 17-20; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(3 Suppl):Abstract nr B103.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungyeul Yoo
- 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY,
| | - Quan Chen
- 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY,
| | - Li Wang
- 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY,
| | - Wenhui Wang
- 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY,
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- 2Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,
| | - Rita Busuttil
- 3University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia,
| | | | | | | | - Xiaodan Fan
- 6Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Jun Zhu
- 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY,
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20
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Nuzzo PV, Berchuck JE, Spisak S, Korthauer K, Nassar A, Abou Alaiwi S, Chakravarthy A, Shen SY, Bakouny Z, Boccardo F, Baca S, Lee GSM, Chang SL, Waikar S, Sonpavde G, Irizarry RA, Pomerantz M, De Carvalho D, Freedman ML, Choueiri TK. Sensitive detection of renal cell carcinoma using plasma and urine cell-free DNA methylomes. J Clin Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2020.38.6_suppl.728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
728 Background: Improving early cancer detection has the potential to significantly reduce cancer-related mortality. Cell-free methylated DNA immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing (cfMedDIP-seq) is a highly sensitive, low-input, cost-efficient and bisulfite-free assay capable of detecting and classifying various tumor types. We tested the feasibility of cfMeDIP-seq to detect RCC in plasma samples and, for the first time, in urine cell-free DNA (cfDNA), with an emphasis on early-stage disease. Methods: We performed cfMeDIP-seq on 117 samples (72 plasma and 45 urine samples): 68 stage I-IV RCC cases pre-nephrectomy, 21 stage IV urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) plasma samples from 15 patients, and 28 healthy cancer-free controls. 60.5% of plasma samples and 66.7% of urine samples came from patients with TNM Stage I/II disease. cfDNA was immunoprecipitated and enriched using an antibody targeting 5-methylcytosine and amplified to create a sequence-ready library. The top differentially methylated regions (DMRs) which partitioned RCC and control samples or UBC were used to train a regularized binomial generalized linear model using 80% of the samples as a training set. The 20% of withheld test samples were then assigned a probability of being RCC or control. This process was repeated 100 times. This was performed using both plasma and urine cfDNA samples. Results: We identified 89,799 DMRs in plasma samples and 38,462 DMRs in urine samples. Iterative training and classification of held out samples, using the 300 DMRs which partitioned RCC and control samples, resulted in a mean AUROC of 0.990 (95% CI 0.984-0.997) in plasma samples and 0.791 (95% CI 0.759-0.823) in urine samples. Classification performance between tumor types was evaluated comparing plasma cfDNA from patients with RCC and UBC, resulting in a mean AUROC of 0.954 (95% CI 0.940-0.969). Conclusions: cfMeDIP-seq is a powerful tool for genome-wide discovery of non-invasive DNA methylation biomarkers. This is the first independent validation of plasma cfMeDIP-seq, demonstrating near-perfect classification of RCC in a cohort enriched for patients with early-stage disease and the potential of urine cfDNA methylome-based biomarkers for cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob E Berchuck
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Sandor Spisak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Keegan Korthauer
- Department of Statistics The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Sarah Abou Alaiwi
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shu Yi Shen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ziad Bakouny
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | - Steven Lee Chang
- Division of Urological Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew L. Freedman
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Toni K. Choueiri
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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21
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Nuzzo P, Spisak S, Chakravarthy A, Shen SY, Berchuck JE, Nassar A, Abou Alaiwi S, Steinharter JA, Bakouny Z, Boccardo F, Sonpavde G, Lee GSM, Chang SL, Pomerantz M, De Carvalho D, Freedman M, Choueiri TK. Cell-free methylated DNA (cfMeDNA) immunoprecipitation and high throughput sequencing technology (cfMeDIP-seq) in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). J Clin Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.3052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
3052 Background: CfmeDNA is a promising biomarker for non-invasive assessment of solid tumors: i) MeDNA is tissue- and tumor-specific ii) cfDNA methylation changes are stable unlike DNA alterations iii) ‘methylation target size’ is larger than identifying specific genomic alterations and, therefore, more sensitive. CfMeDIP-seq is a sensitive assay for genome-wide bisulfite-free cfMeDNA profiling, that requires 1-10 ng input DNA. We tested the feasibility of cfMeDIP-seq to detect ccRCC across TNM stages. Methods: We evaluated plasma cfDNA collected prior to nephrectomy in 46 pts with ccRCC: 25 stage I, 7 stage II, 6 stage III, 8 stage IV. cfMeDIP-seq involves four steps: 1) cfDNA end-repair, A-tailing, and adapter ligation 2) cfMeDNA immunoprecipitation and enrichment using an Ab targeting 5-methylcytosine (quality control by qPCR to ensure <1% of unMeDNA and >99% reaction specificity) 3) adapter-mediated PCR to amplify cfMeDNA 4) high-throughput NGS for cfMeDNA data. A previously-derived model (Shen et al, Nature, 2018) was used to classify pts as having ccRCC or not based on cfMeDNA. cfMeDIP-seq paired end data was reduced to 300 bp windows of the genome that map to CpG islands, shores, shelves, and FANTOM5 enhancers; a classifier was then built using the top 1,000 most variable fragments between pts with ccRCC and cancer-free controls. Statistical comparisons were performed in the R statistical environment, with the caret package being used for classifier construction and evaluation. Results: The average amount of cfDNA isolated from 1 ml of ccRCC plasma was 19.8±39.8 ng/µL [1.95-260]. Greater than 99% specificity of reaction and <1% of unMeDNA was achieved in 46/46 samples (100%). The previously-derived classifier of ccRCC correctly predicted 46/46 pts (100%) as having ccRCC. Across 3 rounds of 5-fold cross-validation, the classifier performed with a Cohen’s Kappa of 0.93. Conclusions: CfMeDIP-seq is a non-invasive, cost-effective, and sensitive assay to detect cancer-specific cfmeDNA in ccRCC pts prior to nephrectomy. With further validation, cfmeDNA may detect minimal residual disease after nephrectomy for ‘precision’ adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Nuzzo
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Sandor Spisak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shu Yi Shen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Boccardo
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Martino University Hospital - IST National Cancer Research Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Toni K. Choueiri
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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22
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Abstract
DNA methylation inhibitors have become the mainstay for treatment of certain haematological malignancies. In addition to their abilities to reactivate genes, including tumour suppressors, that have acquired DNA methylation during carcinogenesis, they induce the expression of thousands of transposable elements including endogenous retroviruses and latent cancer testis antigens normally silenced by DNA methylation in most somatic cells. This results in a state of viral mimicry in which treated cells mount an innate immune response by turning on viral defence genes and potentially expressing neoantigens. Furthermore, these changes mediated by DNA methylation inhibitors can also alter the function of immune cells relevant to acquired immunity. Additionally, other inhibitors of epigenetic processes, such as histone deacetylases, methylases and demethylases, can elicit similar effects either individually or in combinations with DNA methylation inhibitors. These findings together with rapid development of immunotherapies open new avenues for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Jones
- Van Andel Research Institute (VARI), Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Hitoshi Ohtani
- Van Andel Research Institute (VARI), Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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23
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Nuzzo PV, Spisak S, Solymosi N, Chakravarthy A, Shen SY, Pomerantz M, Boccardo F, Nassar A, Lee GSM, Sonpavde G, Choueiri TK, De Carvalho D, Freedman ML. Circulating cell-free methylated DNA (cfmeDNA) to predict postoperative recurrence in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). J Clin Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2019.37.7_suppl.454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
454 Background: CfmeDNA is a promising non-invasive biomarker to assess solid tumor burden: i) CpG island methylation changes in cfDNA are stable ii) methylation is tissue- and tumor- specific iii) methylation target size is larger and more sensitively detected than genomic alterations. CfmeDNA Immunoprecipitation and high throughput sequencing (cfMeDIP-seq) is an innovative assay for genome-wide bisulfite-free plasma DNA methylation profiling, that permits CpG enrichment. We tested the feasibility of cfmeDNA to predict recurrence of MIBC post- radical cystectomy (RC). Methods: We selected 12 pts who underwent RC for MIBC: 6 pts who had recurrent disease within 2-3yrs after RC (A) and 6 pts who did not (B). 119 healthy pts without BC were controls. cfDNA isolated from 1ml of plasma samples collected after RC and before recurrence (A) or during follow-up in those who did not recur (B) was analyzed by the cfMeDIP-seq using 10ng cfDNA. The data were analyzed using the MEDIPS program and differentially methylated regions (DMR) between the cohorts were studied. ENCODE ChIP-seq analytical pipeline was used for fastq file processing and peak calling. Results: The average cfDNA isolated from 1ml of plasma was 13.1 ng (6.4-19.7) in A and 17.1 ng (13.6-21.2) in B. The median time from RC to plasma collection were respectively 9.3 mos (3.4-91.3) vs 12.3 mos (2.9-150). Median time from plasma collection to recurrence was 21.9 mos (0.25-141.3). We identified ~137,000 peaks in ≥1 sample. The supervised classification identified 61 DMR (FDR<0.050), predominantly located in intergenic region, which distinguished A from B. Randomized sample tests proved the discriminatory power of the identified set. Supervised analysis comparing the status of the identified DMRs relative to healthy controls showed 28 regions were differentially methylated (logFC > +/- 1, FDR < 0.05). The study is limited by retrospective design and sample size. Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate that cfmeDNA can be readily harvested from MIBC pts to detect cancer-specific methylation patterns and predict recurrence post-RC. Prospective validation will enable the selection of suitable pts for adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandor Spisak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Norbert Solymosi
- Centre for Bioinformatics, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Hungary, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shu Yi Shen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Francesco Boccardo
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Martino University Hospital - IST National Cancer Research Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Guru Sonpavde
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | - Daniel De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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24
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Shen SY, Singhania R, Fehringer G, Chakravarthy A, Roehrl MHA, Chadwick D, Zuzarte PC, Borgida A, Wang TT, Li T, Kis O, Zhao Z, Spreafico A, Medina TDS, Wang Y, Roulois D, Ettayebi I, Chen Z, Chow S, Murphy T, Arruda A, O'Kane GM, Liu J, Mansour M, McPherson JD, O'Brien C, Leighl N, Bedard PL, Fleshner N, Liu G, Minden MD, Gallinger S, Goldenberg A, Pugh TJ, Hoffman MM, Bratman SV, Hung RJ, De Carvalho DD. Sensitive tumour detection and classification using plasma cell-free DNA methylomes. Nature 2018; 563:579-583. [PMID: 30429608 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0703-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 494] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of liquid biopsies for cancer detection and management is rapidly gaining prominence1. Current methods for the detection of circulating tumour DNA involve sequencing somatic mutations using cell-free DNA, but the sensitivity of these methods may be low among patients with early-stage cancer given the limited number of recurrent mutations2-5. By contrast, large-scale epigenetic alterations-which are tissue- and cancer-type specific-are not similarly constrained6 and therefore potentially have greater ability to detect and classify cancers in patients with early-stage disease. Here we develop a sensitive, immunoprecipitation-based protocol to analyse the methylome of small quantities of circulating cell-free DNA, and demonstrate the ability to detect large-scale DNA methylation changes that are enriched for tumour-specific patterns. We also demonstrate robust performance in cancer detection and classification across an extensive collection of plasma samples from several tumour types. This work sets the stage to establish biomarkers for the minimally invasive detection, interception and classification of early-stage cancers based on plasma cell-free DNA methylation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yi Shen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rajat Singhania
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gordon Fehringer
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael H A Roehrl
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dianne Chadwick
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip C Zuzarte
- Genome Technologies, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ayelet Borgida
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ting Ting Wang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tiantian Li
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olena Kis
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Spreafico
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tiago da Silva Medina
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yadon Wang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Roulois
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,UMR_S 1236, Univ Rennes 1, Inserm, Etablissement Français du sang Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - Ilias Ettayebi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Signy Chow
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tracy Murphy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Arruda
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Grainne M O'Kane
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Liu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Mansour
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John D McPherson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Catherine O'Brien
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Natasha Leighl
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philippe L Bedard
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neil Fleshner
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark D Minden
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Fred Litwin Centre for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Goldenberg
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Trevor J Pugh
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael M Hoffman
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott V Bratman
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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25
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Chakravarthy A, Khan L, Bensler NP, Bose P, De Carvalho DD. TGF-β-associated extracellular matrix genes link cancer-associated fibroblasts to immune evasion and immunotherapy failure. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4692. [PMID: 30410077 PMCID: PMC6224529 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06654-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a key determinant of cancer progression and prognosis. Here we report findings from one of the largest pan-cancer analyses of ECM gene dysregulation in cancer. We define a distinct set of ECM genes upregulated in cancer (C-ECM) and linked to worse prognosis. We found that the C-ECM transcriptional programme dysregulation is correlated with the activation of TGF-β signalling in cancer-associated fibroblasts and is linked to immunosuppression in otherwise immunologically active tumours. Cancers that activate this programme carry distinct genomic profiles, such as BRAF, SMAD4 and TP53 mutations and MYC amplification. Finally, we show that this signature is a predictor of the failure of PD-1 blockade and outperforms previously-proposed biomarkers. Thus, our findings identify a distinct transcriptional pattern of ECM genes in operation across cancers that may be potentially targeted, pending preclinical validation, using TGF-β blockade to enhance responses to immune-checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Chakravarthy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
| | - Lubaba Khan
- Ohlson Research Initiative, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, AB, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, AB, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, AB, Canada
| | - Nathan Peter Bensler
- Ohlson Research Initiative, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, AB, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, AB, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, AB, Canada
| | - Pinaki Bose
- Ohlson Research Initiative, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, AB, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, AB, Canada. .,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, AB, Canada. .,Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, AB, Canada.
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada.
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26
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Chakravarthy A, Furness A, Joshi K, Ghorani E, Ford K, Ward MJ, King EV, Lechner M, Marafioti T, Quezada SA, Thomas GJ, Feber A, Fenton TR. Author Correction: Pan-cancer deconvolution of tumour composition using DNA methylation. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4642. [PMID: 30389940 PMCID: PMC6214991 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The original version of this Article contained an error in Figure 4. In panel a, the colour code for hot and cold clusters was inadvertently inverted. In the correct version of panel a, the hot clusters are blue and the cold clusters are yellow. This error has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Chakravarthy
- Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Andrew Furness
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Kroopa Joshi
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ehsan Ghorani
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Kirsty Ford
- Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Matthew J Ward
- Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Emma V King
- Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Matt Lechner
- Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Teresa Marafioti
- Department of Pathology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Sergio A Quezada
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Gareth J Thomas
- Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Andrew Feber
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tim R Fenton
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK.
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27
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Boltz M, Chakravarthy A. MEASUREMENT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: MOTIONWATCH 8 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.2868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Boltz
- Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, United States
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28
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Chakravarthy A, Furness A, Joshi K, Ghorani E, Ford K, Ward MJ, King EV, Lechner M, Marafioti T, Quezada SA, Thomas GJ, Feber A, Fenton TR. Pan-cancer deconvolution of tumour composition using DNA methylation. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3220. [PMID: 30104673 PMCID: PMC6089972 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05570-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The nature and extent of immune cell infiltration into solid tumours are key determinants of therapeutic response. Here, using a DNA methylation-based approach to tumour cell fraction deconvolution, we report the integrated analysis of tumour composition and genomics across a wide spectrum of solid cancers. Initially studying head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, we identify two distinct tumour subgroups: 'immune hot' and 'immune cold', which display differing prognosis, mutation burden, cytokine signalling, cytolytic activity and oncogenic driver events. We demonstrate the existence of such tumour subgroups pan-cancer, link clonal-neoantigen burden to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte infiltration, and show that transcriptional signatures of hot tumours are selectively engaged in immunotherapy responders. We also find that treatment-naive hot tumours are markedly enriched for known immune-resistance genomic alterations, potentially explaining the heterogeneity of immunotherapy response and prognosis seen within this group. Finally, we define a catalogue of mediators of active antitumour immunity, deriving candidate biomarkers and potential targets for precision immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Chakravarthy
- Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Andrew Furness
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Kroopa Joshi
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ehsan Ghorani
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Kirsty Ford
- Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Matthew J Ward
- Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Emma V King
- Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Matt Lechner
- Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Teresa Marafioti
- Department of Pathology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Sergio A Quezada
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Gareth J Thomas
- Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Andrew Feber
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tim R Fenton
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, UK.
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29
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Ettayebi I, Mehdipour P, Singhania R, Chakravarthy A, Medina T, Shen SY, Ishak C, Roulois D, Carvalho DD. Abstract 5728: DNA demethylating agents and interferons as modulators of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in colorectal cancer. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-5728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Times New Roman'} Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of death from cancer in men and the third in women in Canada. There is accumulating evidence suggesting that CRC is organized in a hierarchical manner, at the apex of which are the Cancer-Initiating Cells (CIC). Furthermore, results from xenograft models and human clinical trials indicate a selective enrichment of CICs in tumours that are resistant to therapy, suggesting that targeting CICs may represent a new paradigm in cancer treatment. We have previously reported the treatment with low dose of the DNA demethylating agent, 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZA-CdR), can target CICs through the activation of the RIG1-MDA5 viral sensing sensing pathway, leading to an anti-viral response in cancer cells. Although it is now known that 5-AZA-CdR induces a state of “viral mimicry” in these cancer cells, the mechanism by which 5-AZA-CdR can specifically target CICs is not well understood. In this study, we propose a novel intersection between RIG1-MDA5-IRF7 and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. We found that treatment of CIC enriched cancer cells with both 5-AZA-CdR and type I and III interferons reduced canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Furthermore, treatment with type I and III interferons showed a reduced CIC frequency in colorectal cancer cells in vitro. Mechanistically, we found that IRF7 and β-catenin interact in the nucleus, giving rise to a novel, non-canonical pathway that can modulate WNT signalling. These findings may explain a novel pathway by which 5-AZA-CdR can specifically target CIC enriched populations in colorectal cancer, and highlights the importance of innate immune pathways in epigenetic therapy.
Citation Format: Ilias Ettayebi, Parinaz Mehdipour, Rajat Singhania, Ankur Chakravarthy, Tiago Medina, Shu Yi Shen, Charles Ishak, David Roulois, Daniel De Carvalho. DNA demethylating agents and interferons as modulators of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in colorectal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5728.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tiago Medina
- 2University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shu Yi Shen
- 2University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles Ishak
- 2University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Shinde R, Hezaveh K, Halaby MJ, Kloetgen A, Chakravarthy A, da Silva Medina T, Deol R, Manion KP, Baglaenko Y, Eldh M, Lamorte S, Wallace D, Chodisetti SB, Ravishankar B, Liu H, Chaudhary K, Munn DH, Tsirigos A, Madaio M, Gabrielsson S, Touma Z, Wither J, De Carvalho DD, McGaha TL. Apoptotic cell-induced AhR activity is required for immunological tolerance and suppression of systemic lupus erythematosus in mice and humans. Nat Immunol 2018; 19:571-582. [PMID: 29760532 PMCID: PMC5976527 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor AhR modulates immunity at multiple levels. Here we report phagocytes exposed to apoptotic cells exhibited rapid activation of AhR, which drove production of interleukin 10. Activation of AhR was dependent on interactions between apoptotic-cell DNA and the pattern-recognition receptor TLR9 that was required for prevention of immune responses to DNA and histones in vivo. Moreover, disease progression in murine systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) correlated with strength of the AhR signal, and disease course could be altered by modulation of AhR activity. Deletion of AhR in the myeloid lineage caused systemic autoimmunity in mice and an increased AhR transcriptional signature correlated with disease in patients with SLE. Thus, AhR activity induced by apoptotic cell phagocytes maintains peripheral tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Shinde
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kebria Hezaveh
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marie Jo Halaby
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andreas Kloetgen
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tiago da Silva Medina
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Reema Deol
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kieran P Manion
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yuriy Baglaenko
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maria Eldh
- Department of Medicine, Unit for Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Lamorte
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Drew Wallace
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sathi Babu Chodisetti
- Department of Immunology, Pennsylvania State University School of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | | | - Haiyun Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kapil Chaudhary
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David H Munn
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Madaio
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Susanne Gabrielsson
- Department of Medicine, Unit for Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zahi Touma
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Prognosis Studies in Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joan Wither
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tracy L McGaha
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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31
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Hartwig T, Montinaro A, von Karstedt S, Sevko A, Surinova S, Chakravarthy A, Taraborrelli L, Draber P, Lafont E, Arce Vargas F, El-Bahrawy MA, Quezada SA, Walczak H. The TRAIL-Induced Cancer Secretome Promotes a Tumor-Supportive Immune Microenvironment via CCR2. Mol Cell 2017; 65:730-742.e5. [PMID: 28212753 PMCID: PMC5316415 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is known for specifically killing cancer cells, whereas in resistant cancers, TRAIL/TRAIL-R can promote metastasis via Rac1 and PI3K. It remains unknown, however, whether and to what extent TRAIL/TRAIL-R signaling in cancer cells can affect the immune microenvironment. Here we show that TRAIL-triggered cytokine secretion from TRAIL-resistant cancer cells is FADD dependent and identify the TRAIL-induced secretome to drive monocyte polarization to myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and M2-like macrophages. TRAIL-R suppression in tumor cells impaired CCL2 production and diminished both lung MDSC presence and tumor growth. In accordance, the receptor of CCL2, CCR2, is required to facilitate increased MDSC presence and tumor growth. Finally, TRAIL and CCL2 are co-regulated with MDSC/M2 markers in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Collectively, endogenous TRAIL/TRAIL-R-mediated CCL2 secretion promotes accumulation of tumor-supportive immune cells in the cancer microenvironment, thereby revealing a tumor-supportive immune-modulatory role of the TRAIL/TRAIL-R system in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Hartwig
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation, Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Antonella Montinaro
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation, Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Silvia von Karstedt
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation, Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Alexandra Sevko
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation, Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Silvia Surinova
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation, Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Lucia Taraborrelli
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation, Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Peter Draber
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation, Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Elodie Lafont
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation, Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Frederick Arce Vargas
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Mona A El-Bahrawy
- Department of Histopathology, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Sergio A Quezada
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Henning Walczak
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation, Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK.
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32
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Chakravarthy A, Henderson S, Thirdborough SM, Ottensmeier CH, Su X, Lechner M, Feber A, Thomas GJ, Fenton TR. Human Papillomavirus Drives Tumor Development Throughout the Head and Neck: Improved Prognosis Is Associated With an Immune Response Largely Restricted to the Oropharynx. J Clin Oncol 2016; 34:4132-4141. [PMID: 27863190 PMCID: PMC5477823 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.68.2955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCC), the increasing incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) is attributable to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Despite commonly presenting at late stage, HPV-driven OPSCCs are associated with improved prognosis compared with HPV-negative disease. HPV DNA is also detectable in nonoropharyngeal (non-OPSCC), but its pathogenic role and clinical significance are unclear. The objectives of this study were to determine whether HPV plays a causal role in non-OPSCC and to investigate whether HPV confers a survival benefit in these tumors. Methods Meta-analysis was used to build a cross-tissue gene-expression signature for HPV-driven cancer. Classifiers trained by machine-learning approaches were used to predict the HPV status of 520 HNSCCs profiled by The Cancer Genome Atlas project. DNA methylation data were similarly used to classify 464 HNSCCs and these analyses were integrated with genomic, histopathology, and survival data to permit a comprehensive comparison of HPV transcript-positive OPSCC and non-OPSCC. Results HPV-driven tumors accounted for 4.1% of non-OPSCCs. Regardless of anatomic site, HPV+ HNSCCs shared highly similar gene expression and DNA methylation profiles; nonkeratinizing, basaloid histopathological features; and lack of TP53 or CDKN2A alterations. Improved overall survival, however, was largely restricted to HPV-driven OPSCCs, which were associated with increased levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes compared with HPV-driven non-OPSCCs. Conclusion Our analysis identified a causal role for HPV in transcript-positive non-OPSCCs throughout the head and neck. Notably, however, HPV-driven non-OPSCCs display a distinct immune microenvironment and clinical behavior compared with HPV-driven OPSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Chakravarthy
- Ankur Chakravarthy, Stephen Henderson, Matt Lechner, Andrew Feber, and Tim R. Fenton, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London; Stephen M. Thirdborough, Christian H. Ottensmeier, and Gareth J. Thomas, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Xiaoping Su, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Stephen Henderson
- Ankur Chakravarthy, Stephen Henderson, Matt Lechner, Andrew Feber, and Tim R. Fenton, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London; Stephen M. Thirdborough, Christian H. Ottensmeier, and Gareth J. Thomas, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Xiaoping Su, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Stephen M. Thirdborough
- Ankur Chakravarthy, Stephen Henderson, Matt Lechner, Andrew Feber, and Tim R. Fenton, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London; Stephen M. Thirdborough, Christian H. Ottensmeier, and Gareth J. Thomas, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Xiaoping Su, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Christian H. Ottensmeier
- Ankur Chakravarthy, Stephen Henderson, Matt Lechner, Andrew Feber, and Tim R. Fenton, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London; Stephen M. Thirdborough, Christian H. Ottensmeier, and Gareth J. Thomas, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Xiaoping Su, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Ankur Chakravarthy, Stephen Henderson, Matt Lechner, Andrew Feber, and Tim R. Fenton, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London; Stephen M. Thirdborough, Christian H. Ottensmeier, and Gareth J. Thomas, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Xiaoping Su, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Matt Lechner
- Ankur Chakravarthy, Stephen Henderson, Matt Lechner, Andrew Feber, and Tim R. Fenton, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London; Stephen M. Thirdborough, Christian H. Ottensmeier, and Gareth J. Thomas, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Xiaoping Su, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Andrew Feber
- Ankur Chakravarthy, Stephen Henderson, Matt Lechner, Andrew Feber, and Tim R. Fenton, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London; Stephen M. Thirdborough, Christian H. Ottensmeier, and Gareth J. Thomas, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Xiaoping Su, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Gareth J. Thomas
- Ankur Chakravarthy, Stephen Henderson, Matt Lechner, Andrew Feber, and Tim R. Fenton, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London; Stephen M. Thirdborough, Christian H. Ottensmeier, and Gareth J. Thomas, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Xiaoping Su, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Tim R. Fenton
- Ankur Chakravarthy, Stephen Henderson, Matt Lechner, Andrew Feber, and Tim R. Fenton, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London; Stephen M. Thirdborough, Christian H. Ottensmeier, and Gareth J. Thomas, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Xiaoping Su, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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33
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Feber A, Worth DC, Chakravarthy A, de Winter P, Shah K, Arya M, Saqib M, Nigam R, Malone PR, Tan WS, Rodney S, Freeman A, Jameson C, Wilson GA, Powles T, Beck S, Fenton T, Sharp TV, Muneer A, Kelly JD. CSN1 Somatic Mutations in Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2016; 76:4720-4727. [PMID: 27325650 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-3134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Other than an association with HPV infection, little is known about the genetic alterations determining the development of penile cancer. Although penile cancer is rare in the developed world, it presents a significant burden in developing countries. Here, we report the findings of whole-exome sequencing (WES) to determine the somatic mutational landscape of penile cancer. WES was performed on penile cancer and matched germline DNA from 27 patients undergoing surgical resection. Targeted resequencing of candidate genes was performed in an independent 70 patient cohort. Mutation data were also integrated with DNA methylation and copy-number information from the same patients. We identified an HPV-associated APOBEC mutation signature and an NpCpG signature in HPV-negative disease. We also identified recurrent mutations in the novel penile cancer tumor suppressor genes CSN1(GPS1) and FAT1 Expression of CSN1 mutants in cells resulted in colocalization with AGO2 in cytoplasmic P-bodies, ultimately leading to the loss of miRNA-mediated gene silencing, which may contribute to disease etiology. Our findings represent the first comprehensive analysis of somatic alterations in penile cancer, highlighting the complex landscape of alterations in this malignancy. Cancer Res; 76(16); 4720-7. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Feber
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel C Worth
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Patricia de Winter
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL Medical School, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kunal Shah
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manit Arya
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Urology, University College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Department of Urology, University College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Raj Nigam
- Department of Urology, The Royal Surrey County Hospital, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Peter R Malone
- Department of Urology, The Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Shen Tan
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL Medical School, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Rodney
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL Medical School, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Freeman
- Department of Histopathology, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charles Jameson
- Department of Histopathology, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth A Wilson
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Powles
- Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Barts Cancer Institute, Barts Health and the Royal Free NHS Trust, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephan Beck
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Fenton
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tyson V Sharp
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Asif Muneer
- Department of Urology, University College Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - John D Kelly
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL Medical School, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Syed AMN, Chang H, Schwartzberg BS, Bremner AK, Lopez-Penalver C, Coomer C, Boylan S, Chakravarthy A, Vito CA, Bhatnagar A, Proulx GM, Dooley WC, Davis M, Golder SL, Ivanov O, Fernandez K, Rahman S. Abstract P3-12-11: One-year follow-up results of a multi-center trial of intra-operative radiation therapy using electronic brachytherapy at the time of breast conservation surgery for early stage breast cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p3-12-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives: To describe observations of one-year follow-up of subjects treated on a multi-center, non-randomized study with a single fraction of intra-operative radiation therapy (IORT) using the Xoft® Axxent® Electronic Brachytherapy System® (eBx®) immediately following surgical resection of early stage breast cancer.
Methods: Two-hundred forty three (243) subjects were treated at seventeen (17) US hospitals. Upon meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria, patients underwent partial mastectomy, placement of a balloon applicator suitable to the surgical bed in the lumpectomy cavity and inflated with saline (30 – 75 cc). The skin was temporarily closed over the balloon and ultrasound examination performed to confirm that the balloon surface-to-skin distance was > 1.0 cm. A single fraction of intra-operative radiation therapy was delivered to the lumpectomy cavity using the Xoft System. The prescribed dose was 20 Gy at the balloon applicator surface, and the mean treatment time was 10.2 minutes. After treatment, the balloon was deflated and removed, and skin sutured.
Results: Two-hundred forty two (242) subjects received the prescribed dose of 20 Gy; one subject received 21 Gy. Eighteen (18) subjects were removed from the primary analysis post-IORT due to positive surgical margins (N=2), positive sentinel lymph nodes (N=13), or balloon surface-to-skin distance < 1 cm (N=3). However, these eighteen subjects will continue to be followed for the duration of this 10-year study. The mean follow-up for the two-hundred twenty five evaluable subjects is 494 days (range 300-465 days). The mean patient age was 65 years (41-89). Forty-nine subjects (21.8%) had ductal carcinoma in situ, one-hundred seventy one (76%) had invasive ductal carcinoma, and five (2.2%) had unknown histology. The DCIS nuclear grade was evenly distributed between high (N=18) and low/intermediate (N=23); 5 were unknown. Invasive cancer was Grade 1-2 in 142/171 cases. Two-hundred twelve subjects (94.2%) had T1 lesions, eight (3.6%) had T2 lesions, and five (2.2%) were unknown. The mean tumor size was 10.6 mm ± 6.4 mm. At the time of the last subject visit, 49/318 reported adverse events were Grade 2 or higher, and only 1/100 had serious side effects, i.e. infection. One patient died of aortic aneurism and two developed secondary malignancies, i.e. ovarian cancer and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The most frequent side effects were seroma (12.5%), erythema (9.1%), and induration (7.5%). Cosmesis was excellent to good in 95% of cases.
Conclusions: IORT using the Xoft System as part of the conservative treatment of breast cancer is safe, with low morbidity. Early results from this multi-center trial demonstrate this short, convenient course of radiation therapy for select patients with early stage breast cancer has excellent-to-good cosmetic results and a low rate of low-grade adverse events.
Citation Format: Syed AMN, Chang H, Schwartzberg BS, Bremner AK, Lopez-Penalver C, Coomer C, Boylan S, Chakravarthy A, Vito CA, Bhatnagar A, Proulx GM, Dooley WC, Davis M, Golder SL, Ivanov O, Fernandez K, Rahman S. One-year follow-up results of a multi-center trial of intra-operative radiation therapy using electronic brachytherapy at the time of breast conservation surgery for early stage breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-12-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- AMN Syed
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - H Chang
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - BS Schwartzberg
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - AK Bremner
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - C Lopez-Penalver
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - C Coomer
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - S Boylan
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - A Chakravarthy
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - CA Vito
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - A Bhatnagar
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - GM Proulx
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - WC Dooley
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - M Davis
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - SL Golder
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - O Ivanov
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - K Fernandez
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
| | - S Rahman
- Todd Cancer Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Sarah Cancer Research Institute at Rose Medical Center, Denver, CO; Breastlink, Murietta, CA; Doctors Hospital, Miami, FL; Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY; Sentara Northern Virginia, Woodbridge, VA; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Cancer Treatment Services, Casa Grande, AZ; Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH; Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK; Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO; Shannon Cannon Cancer Center at Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN; Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL; MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD; Diablo Valley Oncology Hematology Medical Group, Pleasant Hill, CA
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Henderson S, Chakravarthy A, Su X, Boshoff C, Fenton TR. Abstract 3169: APOBEC-mediated cytosine deamination is a prominent mutagenic mechanism in human papillomavirus-driven cancer. Cancer Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-3169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
APOBEC3B cytosine deaminase activity has recently emerged as a significant mutagenic factor in human cancer. APOBEC activity is induced in virally infected cells and APOBEC signature mutations occur at high frequency in cervical cancers, over 99% of which are caused by high risk variants of Human Papillomavirus (HPV). We tested the hypothesis that APOBEC-mediated mutagenesis plays a particularly important role in HPV-associated cancer by analysing head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), a tumor type for which exome sequence data from The Cancer Genome Atlas project are available from both HPV+ and HPV- variants. We show that HPV+ tumors express more APOBEC3B and harbor a higher proportion of APOBEC signature mutations than HPV- tumors. The APOBEC mutational signature is absent from hepatitis virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma, indicating it is not simply a consequence of the immune response to persistent viral infection. We also uncover a strong linear relationship between APOBEC signature mutations and APOBEC-independent mutations in both HNSCC and in breast cancer, such that in high APOBEC subsets (HPV+ HNSCC and HER2-amplified breast cancer), the proportion of mutations due to APOBEC activity is consistently increased, regardless of the overall mutational burden in the tumor. Finally, HPV+ HNSCC and cervical cancer show particularly strong enrichment for APOBEC signature mutations in known cancer genes, implicating APOBEC activity as a key driver of HPV-induced transformation.
Citation Format: Stephen Henderson, Ankur Chakravarthy, Xiaoping Su, Chris Boshoff, Tim R. Fenton. APOBEC-mediated cytosine deamination is a prominent mutagenic mechanism in human papillomavirus-driven cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3169. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3169
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaoping Su
- 2University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Henderson S, Chakravarthy A, Fenton T. When defense turns into attack: Antiviral cytidine deaminases linked to somatic mutagenesis in HPV-associated cancer. Mol Cell Oncol 2014; 1:e29914. [PMID: 27308321 PMCID: PMC4905184 DOI: 10.4161/mco.29914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases play an important role in innate immunity but have also emerged as mediators of somatic mutations in human cancer. We recently reported a high incidence of APOBEC-mediated driver mutations in human papillomavirus-associated cancer, suggesting a key role for these enzymes in the development of such tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Henderson
- Bill Lyons Informatics Centre; UCL Cancer Institute; University College London; London, UK
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Department of Oncology; UCL Cancer Institute; University College London; London, UK
| | - Tim Fenton
- Department of Oncology; UCL Cancer Institute; University College London; London, UK
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Henderson S, Chakravarthy A, Su X, Boshoff C, Fenton TR. APOBEC-mediated cytosine deamination links PIK3CA helical domain mutations to human papillomavirus-driven tumor development. Cell Rep 2014; 7:1833-41. [PMID: 24910434 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
APOBEC3B cytosine deaminase activity has recently emerged as a significant mutagenic factor in human cancer. APOBEC activity is induced in virally infected cells, and APOBEC signature mutations occur at high frequency in cervical cancers (CESC), over 99% of which are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). We tested whether APOBEC-mediated mutagenesis is particularly important in HPV-associated tumors by comparing the exomes of HPV+ and HPV- head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) sequenced by The Cancer Genome Atlas project. As expected, HPV- HNSCC displays a smoking-associated mutational signature, whereas our data suggest that reduced exposure to exogenous carcinogens in HPV+ HNSCC creates a selective pressure that favors emergence of tumors with APOBEC-mediated driver mutations. Finally, we provide evidence that APOBEC activity is responsible for the generation of helical domain hot spot mutations in the PIK3CA gene across multiple cancers. Our findings implicate APOBEC activity as a key driver of PIK3CA mutagenesis and HPV-induced transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Henderson
- Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Bill Lyons Informatics Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ankur Chakravarthy
- Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chris Boshoff
- Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tim Robert Fenton
- Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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Weis J, Miga M, Li X, Arlinghaus L, Chakravarthy A, Abramson V, Farley J, Yankeelov T. WE-E-17A-08: Prediction of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Using a Mechanically Coupled Reaction-Diffusion Model. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4889450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Ilson D, Winter K, Suntharalingham M, Dicker A, Kachnic L, Konski A, Chakravarthy A, Anker C, Thakrar H, Horiba N, Kavadi V, Giguere J, Deutsch M, Raben A, Roof K, Videtic G, Pollock J, Safran H, Crane C. Rtog 0436: A Phase III Trial of Cisplatin, Paclitaxel and Radiation with or Without Cetuximab in the Nonoperative Treatment of Esophageal Cancer. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu193.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Chakravarthy A, Catalano P, Mondschein J, Rosenthal D, Haller D, Whittington R, Wagner H, Sigurdson E, Mulcahy M, Benson A. A Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Paclitaxel/Cisplatin Chemotherapy followed by Surgery and Adjuvant Radiation Therapy and 5-Fluorouracil/leucovorin (FU/LV) for Gastric Cancer (ECOG E7296). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Rakhno E, Crass J, Thompson P, Chakravarthy A. SU-E-T-838: Inverse-Planned Multi-Beam Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy versus Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy for Left Breast Cancer Patients after Mastectomy. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Schneider R, Formenti S, Chakravarthy A, Adams S, Spicer D, Lymberis S, Goldberg J, Pietenpol J. Five-year Results of Preoperative Paclitaxel with Concurrent Radiation Therapy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer: Pathological Response Predicts for Survival. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cuneo K, Geng L, Fu A, Orton D, Hallahan D, Chakravarthy A. SU11248 (Sunitinib) Sensitizes Pancreatic Cancer to the Cytotoxic Effects of Ionizing Radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.1322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Reddy R, Merchant N, Berlin J, Morrow J, Herline A, Wyman K, Pearson A, Washington M, Beauchamp R, Chakravarthy A. A Phase I Study of Neoadjuvant Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition and Chemoradiation for Stage II/III Rectal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chakravarthy A, Chaurand P, McLaren B, Kelley M, Truica C, Erskine A, Simpson J, Billheimer D, Caprioli R, Pietenpol JA. Neoadjuvant paclitaxel/radiation for Stage II/III breast cancer with correlative molecular markers. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.9622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - M. Kelley
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - C. Truica
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
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Abstract
Clinical trials of radiotherapy to control drug delivery were initiated in 1999 at Vanderbilt University. The initial studies exploited the findings that platelets are activated in tumor blood vessels after high-dose irradiation as used in radiosurgery and high-dose-rate brachytherapy. Platelets labeled with 111In showed binding in tumor blood vessels. However, the platelet labeling process caused platelets to also accumulate in the spleen. That clinical trial was closed, and subsequent clinical trials targeted protein activation in irradiated tumor blood vessels. Preclinical studies showed that peptide libraries that bind within irradiated tumor blood vessels contained the peptide sequence Arg-Gln-Asp (RGD). RGD binds to integrin receptors (e.g., receptors for fibrinogen, fibronectin, and vitronectin). We found that the fibrinogen receptor (GPIIb/IIIa, alpha2bbeta3) is activated within irradiated tumor blood vessels. RGD peptidemimetics currently in clinical trials include GPIIb/IIIa antagonists and the platelet-imaging agent biapcitide. Biapcitide is an RGD mimetic that is labeled with 99Tc to allow gamma camera imaging of the biodistribution of the GPIIb/IIIa receptor in neoplasms of patients treated with radiosurgery. This study has shown that the schedule of administration of the RGD mimetic is crucial. The peptide mimetic must be administered immediately before irradiation, whereas the natural ligands to the receptor compete for biapcitide binding if biapcitide is administered after irradiation. The authors currently are conducting a dose deescalation study to determine the threshold dosage required for RGD mimetic binding to radiation activated receptor. Radiation-guided clinical trials have been initiated by use of high-dose-rate brachytherapy. In a separate trial, the pharmacokinetics of radiation-inducible gene therapy are being investigated. In this trial, the radiation-activated promoter Egr-1 regulates expression of the tumor necrosis factor alpha gene, which is administered by use of the attenuated adenovirus vector. The Ad.Egr-TNF (ADGV) gene is administered by intratumoral injection of vector followed by irradiation in patients with soft-tissue sarcomas. This review highlights recent findings in these phase I pharmacokinetic studies of radiation-controlled drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Hallahan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Kumar PN, Antony B, Chakravarthy A, Koyamu AM. Plica neuropathica (polonica) in schizophrenia - a case report and review of literature. Indian J Psychiatry 2001; 43:281-3. [PMID: 21407871 PMCID: PMC2956158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Plica neuropathica also known as plica polonica is an uncommon condition in which the hairs of the scalp in a localised area is compacted into irregularly twisted, irreversibly entangled plaits. A review of literature shows several predisposing factors figuring in plica neuropathica like kinky hair, use of shampoos, febrile illness and psychological disturbances. The authors describe a case of plica neuropathica in a paranoid schizophrenic patient who developed irreversible tangling of scalp hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Kumar
- P.N. SURESH KUMAR, Senior Lecturer, M.D., D.P.M., D.N.B.(Psych). M.N.A.M.S., Department of Psychiatry, Medical College, Kozhikode
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Affiliation(s)
- H Choy
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Chakravarthy A, Abrams RA, Yeo CJ, Korman LT, Donehower RC, Hruban RH, Zahurek ML, Grochow LB, O'Reilly S, Hurwitz H, Jaffee EM, Lillemoe KD, Cameron JL. Intensified adjuvant combined modality therapy for resected periampullary adenocarcinoma: acceptable toxicity and suggestion of improved 1-year disease-free survival. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000; 48:1089-96. [PMID: 11072167 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(00)00755-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE (1) To determine the toxicity of an intensified postoperative adjuvant regimen for periampullary adenocarcinoma (pancreatic and nonpancreatic) utilizing concurrent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (LV), dipyridamole (DPM), and mitomycin-C (MMC) combined with split-course locoregional external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) to 50 Gy. This was followed by 4 cycles of the same chemotherapy as adjuvant therapy. (2) To determine preliminary estimates of the overall and disease-free survival associated with the use of this regimen. (3) To compare the toxicities and early survival results of patients treated with the current regimen to those of patients who completed our prior trial of concurrent chemoradiation infusion with 5-FU/LV chemotherapy and regional nodal and prophylactic hepatic irradiation. METHODS Postpancreaticoduodenectomy, patients received every 4 weeks bolus administration of 5-FU, (400 mg/m(2)), and LV, (20 mg/m(2), Days l-3), DPM (75 mg p.o., 4 times per day, Days 0-3, and every 8 weeks), MMC, (10 mg/m(2); maximum of 20 mg, Day l during EBRT). This was followed by 4 months of the same chemotherapy, beginning 1 month following the completion of EBRT. EBRT consisted of split-course 5000 cGy/20 fractions with a 2-week planned rest after the first 10 fractions (2500 cGy). RESULTS From 4/96 to 6/99, 45 patients were enrolled and treated. Their experience constitutes the basis of this analysis. There were 29 patients with pancreatic cancer and 16 with nonpancreatic periampullary cancer. Seventeen patients had tumors of 3 cm or more, and 39 patients had at least 1 histologically involved lymph node. Thirteen patients had a histologically positive margin of resection. The mean time to start of treatment was 63 days following surgery. During chemoradiation therapy there were no Grade 3 or worse nonhematologic toxicities and 47% Grade 3 or Grade 4 hematologic toxicities of short duration. Following chemoradiation, during chemotherapy treatment only, there was one Grade 3 hepatic and one Grade 3 pulmonary toxicity which was nondebilitating (2% each case) and 42% Grade 3 or 4 hematologic toxicity. There were 2 episodes of neutropenic fever requiring admission and no treatment-related mortalities. One patient developed a mild case of HUS, which responded to standard management. One patient developed persistent shortness of breath (nondebilitating), and another patient had occasional dyspnea on exertion, both occurring after all therapy. The majority of patients complained of increased fatigue (Grade 1-2), greatest during the combined therapy and improving post all treatment. As of 6/23/99, 20 of 45 patients have relapsed, 13 in the liver. Twelve patients have died. Median follow-up for surviving patients is 14.3 months. Disease-free survival at 12 months following surgery is 66% (as compared to 25% in our prior study), and the median disease-free survival is 17 months (as compared to 8. 3 months in our prior study). Median survival has not yet been reached, but will be greater than 17 months. CONCLUSION With a 14.3-month median follow-up, acute toxicity has been acceptable and manageable. Observed relapses were seen 9-13 months following surgical resection. Early survival analysis suggests a trend toward increased median disease-free survival (8.3 vs. 17 months), especially for patients with nonpancreatic periampullary adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chakravarthy
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Choy H, Chakravarthy A, Devore RF, Jagasia M, Hande KR, Roberts JR, Johnson DH, Yunus F. Weekly irinotecan and concurrent radiation therapy for stage III unresectable NSCLC. Oncology (Williston Park) 2000; 14:43-6. [PMID: 10981290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
In preclinical studies, the topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan (Camptosar, CPT-11) has demonstrated activity as a radiosensitizer, probably due to its ability to inhibit potentially lethal radiation damage repair. We conducted a phase I trial to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) of weekly irinotecan with concurrent thoracic radiation therapy for patients with unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. For this study, 13 patients received three dose escalations (from 30 to 40 to 50 mg/m2/wk). At the first dose level, one patient developed grade 5 esophagitis. Accrual was expanded to seven patients. None of the remaining six patients developed esophagitis. At the second dose level (40 mg/m2/wk), the worst toxicity, which developed in one patient, was grade 2 esophagitis. At the third dose level (50 mg/m2/wk), two of three patients developed grade 4 nausea and vomiting; grade 3 or 4 esophagitis also occurred in two patients. Of the 12 evaluable patients, seven achieved a partial response, for an overall response rate of 58%. In conclusion, nausea, vomiting, and esophagitis appear to be the principal DLTs of concurrent weekly irinotecan and thoracic radiation in the outpatient setting. The MTD of concurrent weekly irinotecan with thoracic radiation therapy appears to be 40 mg/m2 weekly for 6 weeks. To confirm the MTD of this combination, this study is still open to accrual at the second dose level (40 mg/m2) in combination with carboplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Choy
- Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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