1
|
Dolev-Cohen M, Yosef T, Meiselles M. Parental Responses to Online Sexual Grooming Events Experienced by Their Teenage Children. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2024; 14:1311-1324. [PMID: 38785584 PMCID: PMC11120526 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14050086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Online sexual grooming (a manipulative process in which the perpetrator locates a young person and creates an abusive relationship with the child that involves sexual exploitation) poses significant challenges to parents. This study examined how parents of adolescent victims of online sexual grooming experienced guiding their children through the event. This qualitative study, conducted in Israel, was based on semi-structured in-depth interviews with 15 parents who guided their adolescents who had been subjected to online sexual grooming. Results indicate that the parents reported a spectrum of emotions, from insecurity and guilt to a sense of control and satisfaction in managing the situation. Also, the reluctance of some parents to engage with the education system indicates potential trust issues. The study demonstrates the urgent need for targeted interventions to equip parents and educational professionals with the necessary knowledge for prevention and effective response to online sexual grooming. Implications for future research, policy, and practice are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamar Yosef
- Oranim Academic College of Education, Kiryat Tiv’on 36006, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
da Luz Neto LM, Pinto TCC, Sougey EB, Dionisio WÁDS, Dos Santos AV, Ximenes RCC. Risk of eating disorders, changes in salivary cortisol concentrations and nutritional status of adolescents. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:2415-2423. [PMID: 35226345 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01382-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The imposition of the thin body as an ideal of beauty and the changes that occur in adolescence lead to a constant concern with adolescents' body weight, putting them at risk for eating disorders. Thus, the study sought to investigate associations between eating disorders and salivary cortisol concentrations, nutritional status and depressive symptoms in female adolescents with bulimia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out with 1435 adolescents aged 10-19 years. The Bulimic Investigatory Test of Edinburgh (BITE) and Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) questionnaires were used. A follow-up study was conducted from a random selection of female adolescents diagnosed with Bulimia Development and Well-Being Assessment-(DAWBA) to assess associations with salivary cortisol concentrations and nutritional status. RESULTS The prevalence of body dissatisfaction among adolescents with symptoms of bulimia was 37%. There was a significant difference between salivary cortisol and bulimia (Risk Group = 0.33 ± 0.20 μg/100 ml, Diagnostic Group = 0.44 ± 0.21 μg/100 ml p = 0.040), and correlation positive between the risk of bulimia with symptoms of depression (0.355 p = 0.002) and with Body Mass Index (0.259 p = 0.028). High concentrations of salivary cortisol in bulimic adolescents may be associated with hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Nutritional status indicators cannot be used alone for the diagnosis of bulimia, since cortisol levels seem to be a reliable parameter in the identification of bulimia, provided they are used with other diagnostic criteria. LEVEL III Evidence obtained from cross-sectional study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laércio Marques da Luz Neto
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. da Engenharia, 186-298 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-600, Brazil
| | - Tiago Coimbra Costa Pinto
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. da Engenharia, 186-298 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-600, Brazil
| | - Everton Botelho Sougey
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. da Engenharia, 186-298 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-600, Brazil
| | - Weslley Álex da Silva Dionisio
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. da Engenharia, 186-298 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-600, Brazil.
| | - Alisson Vinicius Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. da Engenharia, 186-298 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-600, Brazil
| | - Rosana Christine Cavalcanti Ximenes
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. da Engenharia, 186-298 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-600, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Orrick BA, Pierce AL, McElroy SF. Changes in self-image after pectus carinatum brace treatment. J Pediatr Surg 2022; 57:1579-1583. [PMID: 34996608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Pectus carinatum (PC) is a chest wall deformity resulting in anterior protrusion of the chest. PC does not typically result in significant physical or cardiopulmonary symptoms, but patients with this condition can experience a disturbed body image, lower self-esteem and reduced quality of life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-image and non-surgical correction of PC using a brace. METHODS This study was a descriptive, pre-post survey design. The sample included children ages 11 to <18 years undergoing PC treatment with the dynamic compressor system. Subjects completed the modified Pectus Excavatum Evaluation Questionnaire (mPEEQ) at the onset of bracing and again once PC correction was completed. RESULTS Ninety-seven subjects were enrolled at the time of bracing, and 41 achieved correction and took the second survey. The mean age was 14 years and 80% were male. There was a statistically significant (p<0.001) improvement in body self-image between the first and second surveys. CONCLUSIONS Non-surgical correction of PC with the dynamic compressor system resulted in an improvement in the self-image of children. PROGNOSIS STUDY Level of Evidence II.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beth A Orrick
- Center for Pectus Excavatum and Carinatum, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Amy L Pierce
- Center for Pectus Excavatum and Carinatum, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, United States.
| | - Susan F McElroy
- Patient Care Services Research, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kuo JH, Ubeda Herrera JJ, Liu CY, Lee TH, Strong C, Lin CY, Chang YH, Lin YC, Hsieh YP, Tsai MC. Relationship Between Weight Status and Self-Image Mediated by Pubertal Timing and Athletic Competence: A Cohort Study With Taiwanese Adolescents. Front Public Health 2022; 10:890751. [PMID: 35937217 PMCID: PMC9353071 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.890751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Self-image reflects overall self-acceptance in developing adolescents. Using a representative cohort of Taiwanese youth, this study aims to explore the relationship between weight status, pubertal timing, athletic competence, and adolescent self-image. Methods Data come from the Taiwan Youth Project that comprised a longitudinal cohort of adolescents (N = 2690, 51% males, Mage = 13.3 ± 0.5 years) surveyed annually from seventh grade. Self-image was measured by perceived satisfaction with appearance and physique. Weight status was proxied by self-reported body mass index (BMI; kg/m2). Pubertal timing was defined using the Pubertal Developmental Scale, which mainly measured physical changes in puberty. Athletic competence was assessed by experiences with participation in competitive sports and self-perceived talent for sports. Linear regression analysis was applied to test for an association between BMI and self-image. In order to test for mediating roles of pubertal timing and athletic competence, Hayes' PROCESS macro on SPSS was conducted applying 5,000 bootstrap resamples with 95% confidence intervals of the indirect effect. Results BMI was inversely associated with self-image in both males (β = -0.074, [-0.095, -0.053]) and females (β = -0.095, [-0.122, -0.069]). The boot-strapped 95% confidence intervals indicated statistically significant mediating effects of pubertal timing (β = -0.008, [-0.015, -0.001]) and athletic competence (β = -0.006, [-0.011, -0.002]) in the link between BMI and self-image in females, whilst only athletic competence mediated this association (β = -0.006, [-0.009, -0.002]) in males. Moreover, BMI at baseline were also associated with long-term self-image in males (β = -0.037, [-0.057, -0.017]) and females (β = 0.132, [0.073, 0.190]). Conclusions Understanding the mediating factors may help enhance adolescents' self-image by providing guidance on healthy weight and physical activity behaviors according to different stages of pubertal progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Hao Kuo
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Josue Jaru Ubeda Herrera
- Department of Business Administration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Liu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsuan Lee
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Carol Strong
- Department of Public Health, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsin University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Health and Counseling Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Gerontology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Lin
- Department of Early Childhood and Family Education, College of Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Hsieh
- Department of Social Work, College of Nursing and Professional Disciplines, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Meng-Che Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The Association between Disordered Eating Behavior and Body Image Biological Maturation and Levels of Adipocytokines in Preadolescent Girls: The Healthy Growth Study. WOMEN 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/women1040015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During puberty, rapid, complex hormonal, physical and cognitive changes occur that affect body image and eating behavior. The aim of this cross-sectional study, a secondary analysis of data from the Greek Healthy Growth Study, was to explore associations of disordered eating behaviors and body image in 1206 10–12-year-old girls during pubertal maturation, with serum leptin and adiponectin levels, according to body mass index (BMI). Eating behavior and disordered eating were assessed with the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) and the Children Eating Attitudes Test Questionnaire (ChEAT), respectively. Associations of components of DEBQ and ChEAT with maturation according to Tanner Stage (TS) and levels of leptin and adiponectin were explored by univariate and multivariate regression analysis. Adiponectin levels in girls at TS 1 were positively associated with the “social pressure to eat” score of ChEAT. Leptin levels in girls at TS 4 were positively correlated with the “restraint eating” score of DEBQ, and the “dieting”, “body image” and “food awareness” scores of ChEAT. After adjustment for TS and BMI, only “body image” and leptin remained significant. Further research may shed light on how these hormonal changes affect eating behaviors at various pubertal stages, contributing to “TS-specific” preventive strategies for eating disorders in girls.
Collapse
|
6
|
van der Heijden LB, Feskens EJM, Raat H, Janse AJ. Quality of life of children and adolescents with clinical obesity, perspectives of children and parents. Obes Res Clin Pract 2021; 15:466-472. [PMID: 34330695 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Childhood obesity can have important psychological impacts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. The participants were referred to an outpatient hospital-based obesity treatment. Additionally, we investigated the differences between parent- and self-reported HRQoL. SUBJECTS/METHODS Children and adolescents aged 3-18 years with overweight or obesity, referred by their general practitioner or youth health care physician to the pediatric outpatient clinic of Hospital Gelderse Vallei (Ede, the Netherlands) for multidisciplinary obesity treatment, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study (n = 119). INTERVENTIONS/METHODS Parent-proxy reported HRQoL was assessed using the Child Health Questionnaire Parental Form 50 (CHQ-PF50, n = 119) and the Infant Toddler Quality of Life Questionnaire 97 (ITQOL-97). Adolescents completed CHQ Child Form 87 (CHQ-CF87, n = 45) and Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Kids (IWQOL-Kids, n = 38) to assess self-reported HRQoL. RESULTS The mean age of the children was 9.6 years (SD 4.3). Both parent-proxy reports and child self-reports showed lower HRQoL in children with a higher degree of obesity, especially in the physical domains of HRQoL (p < 0.05). Child self-reported scores were significantly lower than parent-proxy scores on the subscales 'bodily pain/discomfort' and 'general health perceptions', and significantly higher on 'behavior' and 'family cohesion' (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Childhood obesity has a negative effect on HRQoL, especially on the physical aspects. The discordance between parent and child reports underscores the importance of using a combination of parent-proxy and child self-reports to assess HRQoL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laila B van der Heijden
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Gelderse Vallei, P.O. Box 9025, Ede, 6710 HN, The Netherlands
| | - Edith J M Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen, 6700 AA, The Netherlands
| | - Hein Raat
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Arieke J Janse
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Gelderse Vallei, P.O. Box 9025, Ede, 6710 HN, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Demirdel S, Ülger Ö. Body image disturbance, psychosocial adjustment and quality of life in adolescents with amputation. Disabil Health J 2021; 14:101068. [PMID: 33589407 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2021.101068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical and emotional situations experienced by amputees can affect body image and quality of life (QoL). Although adolescence is a time when appearance becomes more important, there are insufficient studies in literature examining the effect of body image disturbance (BID) on QoL and psychosocial adjustment in adolescents with amputation. OBJECTIVE To investigate the BID, psychosocial adjustment and QOL in adolescents with amputation. METHODS This cross-sectional study included individuals aged 11-18 years with amputation. The Amputee Body Image Scale was used to determine BID, the psychosocial adjustment subscale of Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scale was used to investigate the psychosocial adjustment to amputation, and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory was used to determine the QoL. RESULTS Evaluation was made of 42 adolescents (26 boys, 16 girls) with a mean age of 14.24 ± 2.25 years. Significant correlations were found between BID and age of fitting of the first prosthesis, psychosocial adjustment and QoL (p < 0.05). 38% of the variance of QoL was predicted by perceived body image and income of the family. 34% of the variance of psychosocial adjustment was predicted by perceived body image (p < 0.05). Adolescents suffering phantom limb pain were seen to have lower QoL scores (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION BID is an important predictor of psychosocial adjustment and QoL in adolescent amputees. Therefore, a prosthesis that ensures the integrity of the body image should be fitted at an as early age as possible before the onset of body image disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Senem Demirdel
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gülhane Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Özlem Ülger
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Self‐perceived body image, dissatisfaction with body weight and nutritional status of Brazilian adolescents: a nationwide study. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
9
|
Moehlecke M, Blume CA, Cureau FV, Kieling C, Schaan BD. Self-perceived body image, dissatisfaction with body weight and nutritional status of Brazilian adolescents: a nationwide study. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2020; 96:76-83. [PMID: 30098939 PMCID: PMC9432337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the agreement and risk factors for underestimation and overestimation between nutritional status and self-perceived body image and to assess the prevalence and associated factors for dissatisfaction with body weight among Brazilian adolescents. METHODS Students aged 12-17 years participating in the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents ("ERICA"), a multicenter, cross-sectional, school-based country-wide study, were included (n=71,740). Variables assessed as covariates were sex, age, skin color, socioeconomic status, and common mental disorders (screened by the General Health Questionnaire, GHQ-12). Multinomial logistic regression was used to explore the association between covariates and combinations between self-perceived body image and body mass index (agreement, underestimation and overestimation). The associations between dissatisfaction with body weight and exposure variables were investigated using multivariable Poisson regression models. RESULTS Approximately 66% students rightly matched their body mass index with self-perceived weight (kappa coefficient was 0.38 for boys and 0.35 for girls). Agreement was higher among younger students and adolescents from low income households. Male sex, older age, and GHQ-12 score ≥3 were associated with weight overestimation. Prevalence of dissatisfaction with body weight was 45.0% (95% CI: 44.0-46.0), and higher among girls, older adolescents, those with underweight or overweight/obesity, as well as those who were physically inactive and with GHQ-12 ≥3. CONCLUSIONS Most of the sample rightly self-perceived their body image according to body mass index. Students with body image misperception and those dissatisfied with their weight were more likely to present a positive screening for common mental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milene Moehlecke
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carina Andriatta Blume
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Vogt Cureau
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Instituto de Avaliação de Tecnologia em Saúde (IATS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Christian Kieling
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Divisão de Psiquiatria da Infância e Adolescência, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Beatriz D Schaan
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Divisão de Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Luz Neto LMD, Vasconcelos FMND, Silva JED, Pinto TCC, Sougey ÉB, Ximenes RCC. Differences in cortisol concentrations in adolescents with eating disorders: a systematic review. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2019; 95:18-26. [PMID: 29654749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review of the literature for scientific evidence of possible differences in cortisol concentrations in adolescents with eating disorders. SOURCE OF DATA Electronic searches were conducting in the PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Virtual Health Library, and Science Direct databases for articles published between 2007 and 2017 using the keywords, cortisol, hydrocortisone; eating disorders, bulimia, bulimia nervosa, anorexia, anorexia nervosa; adolescence, adolescent, adolescents. SYNTHESIS OF DATA A total of 192 articles were found. After the analysis of the eligibility criteria using the PRISMA method, 19 articles were selected for the present review. Most studies were conducted in Europe. Adolescents diagnosed with anorexia nervosa were evaluated in all studies, except one, when other eating disorders were investigated. Blood was the means used for the determination of cortisol. In ten studies, cortisol levels were higher in the group with anorexia than the control group and a reduction in cortisol levels occurred in the adolescents after being submitted to nutritional recovery. CONCLUSIONS Patients with eating disorders may have several clinical consequences, such as changes in body fat distribution, changes in bone mineral density, worsening of neurocognitive ability, and endocrine changes (e.g., hypercortisolemia), which in turn can lead to hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, and increased risk of infections. The findings demonstrate that adolescents with eating disorders, especially anorexia nervosa, have increased cortisol levels, which are reduced after the treatment period. Further studies on differences in cortisol concentrations in adolescents with other eating disorders are needed, using different methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laércio Marques da Luz Neto
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Flávia Maria Nassar de Vasconcelos
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Tiago Coimbra Costa Pinto
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Éverton Botelho Sougey
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Differences in cortisol concentrations in adolescents with eating disorders: a systematic review. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
12
|
Di Blasi M, Muccioli P, Alagna M, Torres D, Duca I, Tosto C. Self-image and psychological distress in treatment-seeking adolescents. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2018; 23:258-265. [PMID: 32677294 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence has been recognized as a critical period for mental health during which it is fundamental to the well-being of adolescents to provide early and appropriate mental health interventions. Self-image perceptions play a particularly relevant role during adolescence since individuals are extensively involved in reorganizing their identity and relationships. Although the self-image development implies adaptive outcomes for most adolescents, some age-related tasks can be difficult to deal with and lead to psychological suffering for a minority of them. METHOD This study examined how domain-specific self-image was associated with psychological distress in 128 treatment-seeking adolescents aged 13-18 (60.9% female). The adolescents completed the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire to measure their global and domain-specific self-image and the Youth-Outcome Questionnaire to assess their psychological distress. RESULTS Regression analyses indicated that impulse control, emotional tone, family, and social functioning significantly predict worse psychological functioning in the entire group. Moreover, significant gender differences emerged showing a more complex set of risk factors among adolescent females, thus suggesting the need for gender-targeted preventive and treatment strategies. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight that adolescents' feelings and concerns about their self-image may be key factors to consider in planning, developing, and delivering effective public mental health services for adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Di Blasi
- Department of Psychological and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Muccioli
- Ambulatorio "Psicoterapia dell'età adolescenziale", Presidio Ospedaliero "Aiuto Materno", Palermo, Italy
| | - Massimo Alagna
- Ambulatorio "Psicoterapia dell'età adolescenziale", Presidio Ospedaliero "Aiuto Materno", Palermo, Italy
| | - Davide Torres
- Department of Psychological and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ilda Duca
- Department of Psychological and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Crispino Tosto
- Department of Psychological and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
de Araujo TS, Barbosa Filho VC, Gubert FDA, de Almeida PC, Martins MC, Carvalho QGDS, Costa ACPDJ, Vieira NFC. Factors Associated With Body Image Perception Among Brazilian Students From Low Human Development Index Areas. J Sch Nurs 2017; 34:449-457. [DOI: 10.1177/1059840517718249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate sociodemographic, behavioral, and individual factors associated with body image perception in a sample of adolescents from schools in low Human Development Index areas in Brazil. This cross-sectional study included 609 boys and 573 girls (aged 11–17 years). Body image perception (nine-silhouettes scale) and sociodemographic, behavioral, and individual variables were included. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used. Most boys (76.9%) and girls (77.5%) were dissatisfied with their body image. Body mass index status and healthy body image evaluation were significantly associated with body image dissatisfaction in both boys and girls ( p < .001), and daily fruit consumption was associated with body image dissatisfaction only in boys ( p = .035). Education and health care focused on body image can pay special attention to young people from vulnerable areas with unhealthy nutritional status and focus on strategies that enable improving the perception of a healthy body and a healthy diet.
Collapse
|