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Aji A, Zhang C, Liu W, Chen T, Liu Z, Zuo J, Li H, Mi W, Mao-Ying QL, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Chu YX. Foxg1 Modulation of the Prkcd Gene in the Lateral Habenula Mediates Trigeminal Neuralgia-Associated Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4335-4351. [PMID: 38085455 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03856-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) is a debilitating disorder frequently accompanied by mood complications such as depression and anxiety. The current study sought to elucidate the molecular underpinnings that contribute to the pathogenesis of TN and its associated anxiety. Employing a partial transection of the infraorbital nerve (pT-ION) in a murine model, we successfully induced sustained primary and secondary orofacial allodynia alongside anxiety-like behavioral manifestations. Transcriptome-wide gene microarray analyses revealed a marked upregulation of Foxg1 subsequent to pT-ION. Targeted knockdown of Foxg1, achieved through bilateral microinjection of adeno-associated virus harboring Foxg1-specific shRNA into the lateral habenula (LHb), resulted in a significant attenuation of both orofacial pain and anxiety-like behaviors. Subsequent RNA sequencing implicated Prkcd as a downstream effector gene modulated by Foxg1. Pharmacological inhibition of protein kinase C delta, encoded by Prkcd, within the LHb markedly ameliorated pT-ION-induced symptomatology. The dual luciferase assay revealed that Foxg1 substantially enhances the transcriptional activity of the Prkcd gene. Collectively, these findings indicate that trigeminal nerve injury leads to Foxg1 upregulation in the LHb, which in turn elevates the expression of Prkcd, culminating in the manifestation of orofacial pain and anxiety-like behaviors. This work offers promising therapeutic targets and a conceptual framework for the clinical management of TN and its psychological comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abudula Aji
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Institute of Acupuncture Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Institute of Acupuncture Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Institute of Acupuncture Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Teng Chen
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Institute of Acupuncture Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhechen Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Institute of Acupuncture Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxin Zuo
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Institute of Acupuncture Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haojun Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Institute of Acupuncture Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenli Mi
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Institute of Acupuncture Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Liang Mao-Ying
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Institute of Acupuncture Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqing Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Institute of Acupuncture Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yu-Xia Chu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Institute of Acupuncture Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Umeda K, Tanaka K, Chowdhury G, Nasu K, Kuroyanagi Y, Yamasu K. Evolutionarily conserved roles of foxg1a in the developing subpallium of zebrafish embryos. Dev Growth Differ 2024; 66:219-234. [PMID: 38378191 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The vertebrate telencephalic lobes consist of the pallium (dorsal) and subpallium (ventral). The subpallium gives rise to the basal ganglia, encompassing the pallidum and striatum. The development of this region is believed to depend on Foxg1/Foxg1a functions in both mice and zebrafish. This study aims to elucidate the genetic regulatory network controlled by foxg1a in subpallium development using zebrafish as a model. The expression gradient of foxg1a within the developing telencephalon was examined semi-quantitatively in initial investigations. Utilizing the CRISPR/Cas9 technique, we subsequently established a foxg1a mutant line and observed the resultant phenotypes. Morphological assessment revealed that foxg1a mutants exhibit a thin telencephalon together with a misshapen preoptic area (POA). Notably, accumulation of apoptotic cells was identified in this region. In mutants at 24 h postfertilization, the expression of pallium markers expanded ventrally, while that of subpallium markers was markedly suppressed. Concurrently, the expression of fgf8a, vax2, and six3b was shifted ventrally, causing anomalous expression in regions typical of POA formation in wild-type embryos. Consequently, the foxg1a mutation led to expansion of the pallium and disrupted the subpallium and POA. This highlights a pivotal role of foxg1a in directing the dorsoventral patterning of the telencephalon, particularly in subpallium differentiation, mirroring observations in mice. Additionally, reduced expression of neural progenitor maintenance genes was detected in mutants, suggesting the necessity of foxg1a in preserving neural progenitors. Collectively, these findings underscore evolutionarily conserved functions of foxg1 in the development of the subpallium in vertebrate embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koto Umeda
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kaiho Tanaka
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Gazlima Chowdhury
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Aquatic Environment and Resource Management, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kouhei Nasu
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuri Kuroyanagi
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kyo Yamasu
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
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3
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Ba R, Yang L, Zhang B, Jiang P, Ding Z, Zhou X, Yang Z, Zhao C. FOXG1 drives transcriptomic networks to specify principal neuron subtypes during the development of the medial pallium. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade2441. [PMID: 36791184 PMCID: PMC9931217 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade2441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The medial pallium (MP) is the major forebrain region underlying learning and memory, spatial navigation, and emotion; however, the mechanisms underlying the specification of its principal neuron subtypes remain largely unexplored. Here, by postmitotic deletion of FOXG1 (a transcription factor linked to autism spectrum disorders and FOXG1 syndrome) and single-cell RNA sequencing of E17.5 MP in mice, we found that FOXG1 controls the specification of upper-layer retrosplenial cortical pyramidal neurons [RSC-PyNs (UL)], subiculum PyNs (SubC-PyNs), CA1-PyNs, CA3-PyNs, and dentate gyrus granule cells (DG-GCs) in the MP. We uncovered subtype-specific and subtype-shared FOXG1-regulated transcriptomic networks orchestrating MP neuron specification. We further demonstrated that FOXG1 transcriptionally represses Zbtb20, Prox1, and Epha4 to prevent CA3-PyN and DG-GC identities during the specification of RSC-PyNs (UL) and SubC-PyNs; FOXG1 directly activates Nr4a2 to promote SubC-PyN identity. We showed that TBR1, controlled by FOXG1 during CA1-PyN specification, was down-regulated. Thus, our study illuminates MP principal neuron subtype specification and related neuropathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Ba
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontier Research Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Baoshen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Pengfei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhipeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhengang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontier Research Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Shukla M, Vincent B. Melatonin as a Harmonizing Factor of Circadian Rhythms, Neuronal Cell Cycle and Neurogenesis: Additional Arguments for Its Therapeutic Use in Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:1273-1298. [PMID: 36918783 PMCID: PMC10286584 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230314142505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and release of melatonin in the brain harmonize various physiological functions. The apparent decline in melatonin levels with advanced aging is an aperture to the neurodegenerative processes. It has been indicated that down regulation of melatonin leads to alterations of circadian rhythm components, which further causes a desynchronization of several genes and results in an increased susceptibility to develop neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, as circadian rhythms and memory are intertwined, such rhythmic disturbances influence memory formation and recall. Besides, cell cycle events exhibit a remarkable oscillatory system, which is downstream of the circadian phenomena. The linkage between the molecular machinery of the cell cycle and complex fundamental regulatory proteins emphasizes the conjectural regulatory role of cell cycle components in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Among the mechanisms intervening long before the signs of the disease appear, the disturbances of the circadian cycle, as well as the alteration of the machinery of the cell cycle and impaired neurogenesis, must hold our interest. Therefore, in the present review, we propose to discuss the underlying mechanisms of action of melatonin in regulating the circadian rhythm, cell cycle components and adult neurogenesis in the context of AD pathogenesis with the view that it might further assist to identify new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Shukla
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Present Address: Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, 10210, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bruno Vincent
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Excellence DistALZ, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France
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5
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Liu J, Yang M, Su M, Liu B, Zhou K, Sun C, Ba R, Yu B, Zhang B, Zhang Z, Fan W, Wang K, Zhong M, Han J, Zhao C. FOXG1 sequentially orchestrates subtype specification of postmitotic cortical projection neurons. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabh3568. [PMID: 35613274 PMCID: PMC9132448 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abh3568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian neocortex is a highly organized six-layered structure with four major cortical neuron subtypes: corticothalamic projection neurons (CThPNs), subcerebral projection neurons (SCPNs), deep callosal projection neurons (CPNs), and superficial CPNs. Here, careful examination of multiple conditional knockout model mouse lines showed that the transcription factor FOXG1 functions as a master regulator of postmitotic cortical neuron specification and found that mice lacking functional FOXG1 exhibited projection deficits. Before embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5), FOXG1 enforces deep CPN identity in postmitotic neurons by activating Satb2 but repressing Bcl11b and Tbr1. After E14.5, FOXG1 exerts specification functions in distinct layers via differential regulation of Bcl11b and Tbr1, including specification of superficial versus deep CPNs and enforcement of CThPN identity. FOXG1 controls CThPN versus SCPN fate by fine-tuning Fezf2 levels through diverse interactions with multiple SOX family proteins. Thus, our study supports a developmental model to explain the postmitotic specification of four cortical projection neuron subtypes and sheds light on neuropathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human
Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mengjie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human
Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mingzhao Su
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human
Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human
Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Kaixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human
Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Congli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human
Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ru Ba
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human
Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Baocong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human
Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Baoshen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human
Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human
Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wenxin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human
Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology,
Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human
Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Min Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human
Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Junhai Han
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human
Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology,
Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human
Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, China
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6
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Tascini G, Dell'Isola GB, Mencaroni E, Di Cara G, Striano P, Verrotti A. Sleep Disorders in Rett Syndrome and Rett-Related Disorders: A Narrative Review. Front Neurol 2022; 13:817195. [PMID: 35299616 PMCID: PMC8923297 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.817195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rett Syndrome (RTT) is a rare and severe X-linked developmental brain disorder that occurs primarily in females, with a ratio of 1:10.000. De novo mutations in the Methyl-CpG Binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene on the long arm of X chromosome are responsible for more than 95% cases of classical Rett. In the remaining cases (atypical Rett), other genes are involved such as the cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) and the forkhead box G1 (FOXG1). Duplications of the MECP2 locus cause MECP2 duplication syndrome (MDS) which concerns about 1% of male patients with intellectual disability. Sleep disorders are common in individuals with intellectual disability, while the prevalence in children is between 16 and 42%. Over 80% of individuals affected by RTT show sleep problems, with a higher prevalence in the first 7 years of life and some degree of variability in correlation to age and genotype. Abnormalities in circadian rhythm and loss of glutamate homeostasis play a key role in the development of these disorders. Sleep disorders, epilepsy, gastrointestinal problems characterize CDKL5 Deficiency Disorder (CDD). Sleep impairment is an area of overlap between RTT and MECP2 duplication syndrome along with epilepsy, regression and others. Sleep dysfunction and epilepsy are deeply linked. Sleep deprivation could be an aggravating factor of epilepsy and anti-comitial therapy could interfere in sleep structure. Epilepsy prevalence in atypical Rett syndrome with severe clinical phenotype is higher than in classical Rett syndrome. However, RTT present a significant lifetime risk of epilepsy too. Sleep disturbances impact on child's development and patients' families and the evidence for its management is still limited. The aim of this review is to analyze pathophysiology, clinical features, the impact on other comorbidities and the management of sleep disorders in Rett syndrome and Rett-related syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Tascini
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Pasquale Striano
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS "G. Gaslini" Institute, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Huang S, Xia J, Zhang X, Zhou T, Wang J, Liu T, Xu S, Liang G. 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether disrupts spermatogenesis in mice by interfering with the ER-Nrf1-Tfam-mitochondria pathway. Toxicol Ind Health 2022; 38:182-191. [PMID: 35238255 DOI: 10.1177/07482337221081206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
2,2',4,4' -tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47), a well-known endocrine disruptor of the estrogen receptor (ER) is toxic to the mitochondria and spermatogenesis. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of BDE47 on spermatogenesis in mammals. Adult male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were gavaged daily with BDE47 (0, 1, or 10 mg/kg bw) for 8 weeks. Testicular weight, sperm production and motility, morphology of spermatogenic cells, nuclear respiratory factor 1 (Nrf1) level, and its expression in testes were determined. In vitro, cell viability, and key molecules in the ER-Nrf1-mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam)-mitochondria pathway in the immortalized mouse spermatogonia line (GC1) were determined at 48 h and 0-5 h after exposure; RNA interference (RNAi) was also performed to verify that the decreased Nrf1 was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and the impaired viability of germ cells. The results indicated that BDE47 impaired testis weight and spermatogenesis, impaired mitochondria and germ cells, and decreased Nrf1 in the testes of mice. In vitro, after 48 h exposure, BDE47 reduced cell viability, Nrf1 protein, and mRNA of Nrf1, Tfam, ATP synthase subunit β (Atp5b), and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mt-CO1) in GC1 while also reducing mRNA of Nrf1 and Tfam promptly (from 1 to 5 h) after exposure. Furthermore, Nrf1 RNA interference decreased viability and mitochondrial function in GC1. These results indicated that BDE47 disrupts spermatogenesis in mice, probably by interfering with the ER-Nrf1-Tfam-mitochondria pathway, and Nrf1 is a target molecule of BDE47 estrogen receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoping Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, 12579Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangyan Xia
- Zhong Da Hospital, 12579Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, 12579Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Zhong Da Hospital, 12579Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tong Liu
- School of Public Health, 12579Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyi Xu
- School of Public Health, 12579Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Geyu Liang
- School of Public Health, 12579Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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8
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Wang GT, Pan HY, Lang WH, Yu YD, Hsieh CH, Kuan YS. Three-dimensional multi-gene expression maps reveal cell fate changes associated with laterality reversal of zebrafish habenula. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:1632-1645. [PMID: 33638209 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The conserved bilateral habenular nuclei (HA) in vertebrate diencephalon develop into compartmentalized structures containing neurons derived from different cell lineages. Despite extensive studies demonstrated that zebrafish larval HA display distinct left-right (L-R) asymmetry in gene expression and connectivity, the spatial gene expression domains were mainly obtained from two-dimensional (2D) snapshots of colorimetric RNA in situ hybridization staining which could not properly reflect different HA neuronal lineages constructed in three-dimension (3D). Combing the tyramide-based fluorescent mRNA in situ hybridization, confocal microscopy and customized imaging processing procedures, we have created spatial distribution maps of four genes for 4-day-old zebrafish and in sibling fish whose L-R asymmetry was spontaneously reversed. 3D volumetric analyses showed that ratios of cpd2, lov, ron, and nrp1a expression in L-R reversed HA were reversed according to the parapineal positions. However, the quantitative changes of gene expression in reversed larval brains do not mirror the gene expression level in the obverse larval brains. There were a total 87.78% increase in lov+ nrp1a+ and a total 12.45% decrease in lov+ ron+ double-positive neurons when the L-R asymmetry of HA was reversed. Thus, our volumetric analyses of the 3D maps indicate that changes of HA neuronal cell fates are associated with the reversal of HA laterality. These changes likely account for the behavior changes associated with HA laterality alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Tzau Wang
- National Center for High-Performance Computing, Hsinchu, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - He-Yen Pan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Wei-Han Lang
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Yuan-Ding Yu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chang-Huain Hsieh
- National Center for High-Performance Computing, Hsinchu, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Yung-Shu Kuan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C.,Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C.,Neuroscience Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
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9
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Du A, Wu X, Chen H, Bai QR, Han X, Liu B, Zhang X, Ding Z, Shen Q, Zhao C. Foxg1 Directly Represses Dbx1 to Confine the POA and Subsequently Regulate Ventral Telencephalic Patterning. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:4968-4981. [PMID: 30843579 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During early development, signaling centers, such as the cortical hem and the preoptic area (POA), are critical for telencephalic patterning. However, the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of signal centers are poorly understood. Here, we report that the transcription factor Foxg1 is required to confine the POA, a resource of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) that is pivotal for ventral telencephalic development. Cell-specific deletion of Foxg1 achieved by crossing Foxg1fl/fl with Dbx1-cre or Nestin-CreER combined with tamoxifen induction results in a dramatic expansion of the POA accompanied by the significantly increased activity of the Shh signaling pathway. Ventral pattern formation was severely impaired. Moreover, we demonstrated that Foxg1 directly represses Dbx1 to restrict the POA. Furthermore, we found that the ventral pallium was expanded, which might also contribute to the observed patterning defects. These findings will improve our understanding of the maintenance of signal centers and help to elucidate the mechanisms underlying ventral telencephalic patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Du
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, Department of histology and embryology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaojing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, Department of histology and embryology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hanhan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, Department of histology and embryology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qing-Ran Bai
- Tongji Hospital, Brain and Spinal Cord Innovative Research Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, Department of histology and embryology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, Department of histology and embryology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, Department of histology and embryology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhaoying Ding
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, Department of histology and embryology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qin Shen
- Tongji Hospital, Brain and Spinal Cord Innovative Research Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, Department of histology and embryology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Wei Y, Han X, Zhao C. PDK1 regulates the survival of the developing cortical interneurons. Mol Brain 2020; 13:65. [PMID: 32366272 PMCID: PMC7197138 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00604-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory interneurons are critical for maintaining the excitatory/inhibitory balance. During the development cortical interneurons originate from the ganglionic eminence and arrive at the dorsal cortex through two tangential migration routes. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of cortical interneurons remain unclear. 3-Phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1) has been shown to be involved in a variety of biological processes, including cell proliferation and migration, and plays an important role in the neurogenesis of cortical excitatory neurons. However, the function of PDK1 in interneurons is still unclear. Here, we reported that the disruption of Pdk1 in the subpallium achieved by crossing the Dlx5/6-Cre-IRES-EGFP line with Pdk1fl/fl mice led to the severely increased apoptosis of immature interneurons, subsequently resulting in a remarkable reduction in cortical interneurons. However, the tangential migration, progenitor pools and cell proliferation were not affected by the disruption of Pdk1. We further found the activity of AKT-GSK3β signaling pathway was decreased after Pdk1 deletion, suggesting it might be involved in the regulation of the survival of cortical interneurons. These results provide new insights into the function of PDK1 in the development of the telencephalon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiaoning Han
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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11
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Han X, Wei Y, Wu X, Gao J, Yang Z, Zhao C. PDK1 Regulates Transition Period of Apical Progenitors to Basal Progenitors by Controlling Asymmetric Cell Division. Cereb Cortex 2019; 30:406-420. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The six-layered neocortex consists of diverse neuron subtypes. Deeper-layer neurons originate from apical progenitors (APs), while upper-layer neurons are mainly produced by basal progenitors (BPs), which are derivatives of APs. As development proceeds, an AP generates two daughter cells that comprise an AP and a deeper-layer neuron or a BP. How the transition of APs to BPs is spatiotemporally regulated is a fundamental question. Here, we report that conditional deletion of phoshpoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) in mouse developing cortex achieved by crossing Emx1Cre line with Pdk1fl/fl leads to a delayed transition of APs to BPs and subsequently causes an increased output of deeper-layer neurons. We demonstrate that PDK1 is involved in the modulation of the aPKC-Par3 complex and further regulates the asymmetric cell division (ACD). We also find Hes1, a downstream effecter of Notch signal pathway is obviously upregulated. Knockdown of Hes1 or treatment with Notch signal inhibitor DAPT recovers the ACD defect in the Pdk1 cKO. Thus, we have identified a novel function of PDK1 in controlling the transition of APs to BPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Han
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yongjie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaojing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Neurobiology
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Chen D, Wang C, Li M, She X, Yuan Y, Chen H, Zhang W, Zhao C. Loss of Foxg1 Impairs the Development of Cortical SST-Interneurons Leading to Abnormal Emotional and Social Behaviors. Cereb Cortex 2019; 29:3666-3682. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
FOXG1 syndrome is a severe encephalopathy that exhibit intellectual disability, emotional disorder, and limited social communication. To elucidate the contribution of somatostatin-expressing interneurons (SST-INs) to the cellular basis underlying FOXG1 syndrome, here, by crossing SST-cre with a Foxg1fl/fl line, we selectively ablated Foxg1. Loss of Foxg1 resulted in an obvious reduction in the number of SST-INs, accompanied by an altered ratio of subtypes. Foxg1-deficient SST-INs exhibited decreased membrane excitability and a changed ratio of electrophysiological firing patterns, which subsequently led to an excitatory/inhibitory imbalance. Moreover, cognitive defects, limited social interactions, and depression-like behaviors were detected in Foxg1 cKO mice. Treatment with low-dose of clonazepam effectively alleviated the defects. These results identify a link of SST-IN development to the aberrant emotion, cognition, and social capacities in patients. Our findings identify a novel role of Foxg1 in SST-IN development and put new insights into the cellular basis of FOXG1 syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chunlian Wang
- Key Lab of Cognition and Personality, MOE, School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meiyi Li
- Key Lab of Cognition and Personality, MOE, School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyu She
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yonggui Yuan
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, ZhongDa Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huanxin Chen
- Key Lab of Cognition and Personality, MOE, School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weining Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, ZhenJiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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Su Y, Liu J, Yu B, Ba R, Zhao C. Brpf1 Haploinsufficiency Impairs Dendritic Arborization and Spine Formation, Leading to Cognitive Deficits. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:249. [PMID: 31213987 PMCID: PMC6558182 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Haploinsufficiency of the bromodomain and PHD finger-containing protein 1 (BRPF1) gene causes intellectual disability (ID), which is characterized by impaired intellectual and cognitive function; however, the neurological basis for ID and the neurological function of BRPF1 dosage in the brain remain unclear. Here, by crossing Emx1-cre mice with Brpf1fl/fl mice, we generated Brpf1 heterozygous mice to model BRPF1-related ID. Brpf1 heterozygotes showed reduced dendritic complexity in both hippocampal granule cells and cortical pyramidal neurons, accompanied by reduced spine density and altered spine and synapse morphology. An in vitro study of Brpf1 haploinsufficiency also demonstrated decreased frequency and amplitude of miniature EPSCs that may subsequently contribute to abnormal behaviors, including decreased anxiety levels and defective learning and memory. Our results demonstrate a critical role for Brpf1 dosage in neuron dendrite arborization, spine morphogenesis and behavior and provide insight into the pathogenesis of BRPF1-related ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Su
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baocong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ru Ba
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Cipolla-Neto J, Amaral FGD. Melatonin as a Hormone: New Physiological and Clinical Insights. Endocr Rev 2018; 39:990-1028. [PMID: 30215696 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a ubiquitous molecule present in almost every live being from bacteria to humans. In vertebrates, besides being produced in peripheral tissues and acting as an autocrine and paracrine signal, melatonin is centrally synthetized by a neuroendocrine organ, the pineal gland. Independently of the considered species, pineal hormone melatonin is always produced during the night and its production and secretory episode duration are directly dependent on the length of the night. As its production is tightly linked to the light/dark cycle, melatonin main hormonal systemic integrative action is to coordinate behavioral and physiological adaptations to the environmental geophysical day and season. The circadian signal is dependent on its daily production regularity, on the contrast between day and night concentrations, and on specially developed ways of action. During its daily secretory episode, melatonin coordinates the night adaptive physiology through immediate effects and primes the day adaptive responses through prospective effects that will only appear at daytime, when melatonin is absent. Similarly, the annual history of the daily melatonin secretory episode duration primes the central nervous/endocrine system to the seasons to come. Remarkably, maternal melatonin programs the fetuses' behavior and physiology to cope with the environmental light/dark cycle and season after birth. These unique ways of action turn melatonin into a biological time-domain-acting molecule. The present review focuses on the above considerations, proposes a putative classification of clinical melatonin dysfunctions, and discusses general guidelines to the therapeutic use of melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Cipolla-Neto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Forced Expression of Foxg1 in the Cortical Hem Leads to the Transformation of Cajal-Retzius Cells into Dentate Granule Neurons. J Dev Biol 2018; 6:jdb6030016. [PMID: 29949945 PMCID: PMC6162630 DOI: 10.3390/jdb6030016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt- and BMP-rich cortical hem has been demonstrated to be critical for the pattern formation of the telencephalon, and it is particularly important for the induction of the hippocampus. Meanwhile, the cortical hem is one of the sources of Cajal-Retzius cells. Many Cajal-Retzius cells are produced in the hem and populated to the media-caudal surface of the telencephalon. However, the mechanism of the maintenance of the hem remain unclear. In this study, we generated a transgenic mouse line CAG-loxp-stop-loxp-Foxg1-IRES-EGFP. By crossing Fzd10CreERTM with this line, combined with tamoxifen induction, Foxg1 was ectopically expressed in the hem from embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5) onwards. We have found the hem-derived Cajal-Retzius cells were transformed into dentate granule neurons accompanied with ectopic expression of Lhx2. However, the morphology of the hem displayed no obvious changes. The hem specific markers, Wnt3a and Wnt2b, were slightly downregulated. Our results indicate that Foxg1 is sufficient to induce the expression of Lhx2 in the dorsal part of the hem. The ectopic Lhx2 and decreased Wnt signals may both contribute to the cell fate switch. Our study provides new insight into the mechanism underlying the maintenance of the hem.
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