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Singh AA, Yadav D, Khan F, Song M. Indole-3-Carbinol and Its Derivatives as Neuroprotective Modulators. Brain Sci 2024; 14:674. [PMID: 39061415 PMCID: PMC11274471 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its downstream tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) signaling pathway play pivotal roles in the resilience and action of antidepressant drugs, making them prominent targets in psychiatric research. Oxidative stress (OS) contributes to various neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, and mental illnesses, and exacerbates the aging process. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-antioxidant responsive element (ARE) serves as the primary cellular defense mechanism against OS-induced brain damage. Thus, Nrf2 activation may confer endogenous neuroprotection against OS-related cellular damage; notably, the TrkB/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway, stimulated by BDNF-dependent TrkB signaling, activates Nrf2 and promotes its nuclear translocation. However, insufficient neurotrophin support often leads to the downregulation of the TrkB signaling pathway in brain diseases. Thus, targeting TrkB activation and the Nrf2-ARE system is a promising therapeutic strategy for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Phytochemicals, including indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and its metabolite, diindolylmethane (DIM), exhibit neuroprotective effects through BDNF's mimetic activity; Akt phosphorylation is induced, and the antioxidant defense mechanism is activated by blocking the Nrf2-kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) complex. This review emphasizes the therapeutic potential of I3C and its derivatives for concurrently activating neuronal defense mechanisms in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Ashok Singh
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (A.A.S.); (D.Y.)
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (A.A.S.); (D.Y.)
| | - Fazlurrahman Khan
- Institute of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea;
- International Graduate Program of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (A.A.S.); (D.Y.)
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Wu C, Du G, Zeng Y, Song Z, Jiang X, Jiang X, Zhuo R, Li J. Propane-2-sulfonic acid octadec-9-enyl-amide, a novel PPARα/γ dual agonist, attenuates molecular pathological alterations in learning memory in AD mice. Neurol Res 2024; 46:416-425. [PMID: 38577889 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2024.2325313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have revealed that Propane-2-sulfonic acid octadec-9-enyl-amide(N15) exerts a protective role in the inflammatory response after ischemic stroke and in neuronal damage. However, little is known about N15 in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of N15 on AD and explore the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS AD mice model was established by lateral ventricular injection with Aβ25-35. N15 was daily intraperitoneal administered for 28 days. Morris Water Maze was used to evaluate the neurocognitive function of the mice. The expression of PPARα/γ, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Neurotrophin-3 (NT3), ADAM10, PS1 and BACE1 were measured by qPCR. Aβ amyloid in the hippocampus was measured by Congo red assay. Toluidine blue staining was used to detect the neuronal apoptosis. Protein levels of ADAM10, PS1 and BACE1 were determined using immunoblotting. RESULTS N15 treatment significantly reduced neurocognitive dysfunction, which also significantly activated the expression of PPARα/γ at an optimal dose of 200 mg/kg. Administration of N15 alleviated the formation of Aβ amyloid in the hippocampus of AD mice, enhanced the BDNF mRNA expression, decreased the mRNA and protein levels of PS1 and BACE1, upregulated ADAM10 mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSION N15 exerts its neuroprotective effects through the activation of PPARα/γ and may be a potential drug for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Chuang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Guicheng Du
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhengmao Song
- The Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, China
| | - Xing Jiang
- The Department of Neurosurgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xun Jiang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Rengong Zhuo
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- The Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Jiang D, Liu H, Li T, Zhao S, Yang K, Yao F, Zhou B, Feng H, Wang S, Shen J, Tang J, Zhang YX, Wang Y, Guo C, Tang TS. Agomirs upregulating carboxypeptidase E expression rescue hippocampal neurogenesis and memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:24. [PMID: 38671492 PMCID: PMC11046780 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00414-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult neurogenesis occurs in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus. The neuronal stem cells in these two neurogenic niches respond differently to various physiological and pathological stimuli. Recently, we have found that the decrement of carboxypeptidase E (CPE) with aging impairs the maturation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurogenesis in the SVZ. However, it remains unknown whether these events occur in the hippocampus, and what the role of CPE is in the adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS In vivo screening was performed to search for miRNA mimics capable of upregulating CPE expression and promoting neurogenesis in both neurogenic niches. Among these, two agomirs were further assessed for their effects on hippocampal neurogenesis in the context of AD. We also explored whether these two agomirs could ameliorate behavioral symptoms and AD pathology in mice, using direct intracerebroventricular injection or by non-invasive intranasal instillation. RESULTS Restoration of CPE expression in the hippocampus improved BDNF maturation and boosted adult hippocampal neurogenesis. By screening the miRNA mimics targeting the 5'UTR region of Cpe gene, we developed two agomirs that were capable of upregulating CPE expression. The two agomirs significantly rescued adult neurogenesis and cognition, showing multiple beneficial effects against the AD-associated pathologies in APP/PS1 mice. Of note, noninvasive approach via intranasal delivery of these agomirs improved the behavioral and neurocognitive functions of APP/PS1 mice. CONCLUSIONS CPE may regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis via the CPE-BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway. This study supports the prospect of developing miRNA agomirs targeting CPE as biopharmaceuticals to counteract aging- and disease-related neurological decline in human brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Song Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Keyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Fuwen Yao
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Haiping Feng
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jiaqi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jinglan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Present Address: Department of Psychology, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yu-Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Caixia Guo
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Tie-Shan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Speidell A, Agbey C, Mocchetti I. Accelerated neurodegeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in HIV-1 gp120 transgenic mice: Critical role of the p75 neurotrophin receptor. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 117:347-355. [PMID: 38266662 PMCID: PMC10935610 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.01.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV) infection of the brain induces HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). The set of molecular events employed by HIV to drive cognitive impairments in people living with HIV are diverse and remain not completely understood. We have shown that the HIV envelope protein gp120 promotes loss of synapses and decreases performance on cognitive tasks through the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR). This receptor is abundant on cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain and contributes to cognitive impairment in various neurological disorders. In this study, we examined cholinergic neurons of gp120 transgenic (gp120tg) mice for signs of degeneration. We observed that the number of choline acetyltransferase-expressing cells is decreased in old (12-14-month-old) gp120tg mice when compared to age matched wild type. In the same animals, we observed an increase in the levels of pro-nerve growth factor, a ligand of p75NTR, as well as a disruption of consolidation of extinction of conditioned fear, a behavior regulated by cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain. Both biochemical and behavioral outcomes of gp120tg mice were rescued by the deletion of the p75NTR gene, strongly supporting the role that this receptor plays in the neurotoxic effects of gp120. These data indicate that future p75NTR-directed pharmacotherapies could provide an adjunct therapy against synaptic simplification caused by HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Speidell
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, and Department of Neuroscience, NRB WP13, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Christy Agbey
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, and Department of Neuroscience, NRB WP13, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Italo Mocchetti
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, and Department of Neuroscience, NRB WP13, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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Jamka M, Chrobot M, Jaworska N, Brylak J, Makarewicz-Bukowska A, Popek J, Janicka A, Walkowiak J. Comparison of Eating Habits, Body Composition and Densitometric Parameters between Subjects with Normal Cognitive Function and Mild Cognitive Impairment: An Observational Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:644. [PMID: 38474772 PMCID: PMC10934958 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of nutrition in the ageing process of the brain is pivotal. Therefore, the study aimed to compare eating habits, body composition and densitometric parameters between subjects with normal cognitive function (NCF) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A total of 95 subjects with NCF (74% of women) and 95 individuals with MCI (77% of women) aged 50-70 years were studied. Densitometric parameters were evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry methods. Eating habits were assessed using the food frequency questionnaire and 3-day diary records, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) intake was calculated. Significant differences between groups were detected for the %fat in the right arm (NCF vs. MCI: 38.4 (30.4-46.8) vs. 43.5 (35.5-49.2)%, p = 0.0407). Moreover, the MCI group had a significantly lower intake of calcium (p = 0.0010), phosphor (p = 0.0411), vitamins B2 (p = 0.0138) and B12 (p = 0.0024) compared to the NCF group, with both groups also differing in the frequency of butter (p = 0.0191) and fermented milk beverages (p = 0.0398) intake. Analysis restricted to women showed significant differences between groups in right arm %fat, VAT mass, calcium, vitamins B2, B12, butter and fermented milk products intake, while in men, differences were detected in the intake of calcium, iodine, vitamin B1, water and AGEs. In conclusion, subjects with NCF and MCI have comparable densitometric variables but differ significantly in some body composition parameters and the intake of some food groups and nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jarosław Walkowiak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Str. 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland; (M.J.); (M.C.); (N.J.); (J.B.); (A.M.-B.); (J.P.); (A.J.)
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6
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Cui T, Liu Z, Li Z, Han Y, Xiong W, Qu Z, Zhang X. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentration is different between autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability children and adolescents. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 170:355-360. [PMID: 38215646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent studies showed that mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF) and its precursor proBDNF are associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Whether their levels are different between ASD and intellectual disability (ID) subjects is not clear. The aim of this study is to compare the serum mBDNF and proBDNF concentration, and mBNDF/proBDNF ratio in ASD and ID volunteers. METHODS Children and adolescents with ASD or ID between the ages of 4 and 22 were recruited in Tianjin, China. Serum mBDNF and proBDNF level were tested and Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) evaluations were conducted. RESULTS Serum mBDNF concentration and the ratio of mBDNF to proBDNF was higher in ASD subjects than that in ID subjects (P = 0.035 and P < 0.001, respectively), while serum proBDNF of ASD participants was lower compared to that of ID participants (P < 0.001). CARS score was positively correlated with serum mBDNF level (r = 0.33, P = 0.004) and m/p ratio (r = 0.39, P < 0.001), and negatively correlated with serum proBDNF level (r = -0.39, <0.001) after adjusting for age and IQ. The AUC of mBDNF, proBDNF, and m/p ratio were 0.741, 0.790, and 0.854, respectively, after adjusted for age and IQ. CONCLUSION Serum mBDNF, proBDNF and m/p ratio were different between ASD and ID group. The three biomarkers displayed good diagnostic values for classification of ASD and ID subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingkai Cui
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenjuan Xiong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiyi Qu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Yang CR, Liang R, Liu Y, Meng FJ, Zhou F, Zhang XY, Ning L, Wang ZQ, Liu S, Zhou XF. Upregulation of proBDNF/p75NTR signaling in immune cells and its correlation with inflammatory markers in patients with major depression. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23312. [PMID: 38161282 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301140rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
ProBDNF is the precursor protein of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expressed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Previous studies showed that the blood levels of both proBDNF and p75 neurotrophic receptors (p75NTR) in major depressive disorder (MDD) were increased, but which blood cell types express proBDNF and its receptors is not known. Furthermore, the relationship between proBDNF/p75NTR and inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood of MDD is unclear. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and serum were obtained from depressive patients (n = 32) and normal donors (n = 20). We examined the expression of proBDNF and inflammatory markers and their correlative relationship in patients with major depression. Using flow cytometry analysis, we examined which blood cells express proBDNF and its receptors. Finally, the role of proBDNF/p75NTR signal in inflammatory immune activity of PBMCs was verified in vitro experiments. Inflammatory cytokines in PBMC from MDD patients were increased and correlated with the major depression scores. The levels of IL-1β and IL-10 were also positively correlated with the major depression scores, while the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were negatively correlated with the major depression scores. Intriguingly, the levels of sortilin were positively correlated with IL-1β. Q-PCR and Western blots showed proBDNF, p75NTR, and sortilin levels were significantly increased in PBMCs from MDD patients compared with that from the normal donors. Flow cytometry studies showed that proBDNF and p75NTR were present mainly in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The number of proBDNF and p75NTR positive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from MDD patients was increased and subsequently reversed after therapeutic management. Exogenous proBDNF protein or p75ECD-Fc treatment of cultured PBMC affected the release of inflammatory cytokines in vitro. ProBDNF promoted the expression of inflammatory cytokines, while p75ECD-Fc inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Given there was an inflammatory response of lymphocytes to proBDNF, it is suggested that proBDNF/p75NTR signaling may upstream inflammatory cytokines in MDD. Our data suggest that proBDNF/p75NTR signaling may not only serve as biomarkers but also may be a potential therapeutic target for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Rui Yang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Fan-Jie Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fiona Zhou
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiao-Yang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Li Ning
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Suzhou Auzone Biotech Ltd, Suzhou International Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
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Mirzahosseini G, Adam JM, Nasoohi S, El-Remessy AB, Ishrat T. Lost in Translation: Neurotrophins Biology and Function in the Neurovascular Unit. Neuroscientist 2023; 29:694-714. [PMID: 35769016 DOI: 10.1177/10738584221104982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The neurovascular unit (NVU) refers to the functional building unit of the brain and the retina, where neurons, glia, and microvasculature orchestrate to meet the demand of the retina's and brain's function. Neurotrophins (NTs) are structural families of secreted proteins and are known for exerting neurotrophic effects on neuronal differentiation, survival, neurite outgrowth, synaptic formation, and plasticity. NTs include several molecules, such as nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, NT-3, NT-4, and their precursors. Furthermore, NTs are involved in signaling pathways such as inflammation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in a nonneuronal cell type. Interestingly, NTs and the precursors can bind and activate the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) at low and high affinity. Mature NTs bind their cognate tropomyosin/tyrosine-regulated kinase receptors, crucial for maintenance and neuronal development in the brain and retina axis. Activation of p75NTR results in neuronal apoptosis and cell death, while tropomysin receptor kinase upregulation contributes to differentiation and cell growth. Recent findings indicate that modulation of NTs and their receptors contribute to neurovascular dysfunction in the NVU. Several chronic metabolic and acute ischemic diseases affect the NVU, including diabetic and ischemic retinopathy for the retina, as well as stroke, acute encephalitis, and traumatic brain injury for the brain. This work aims to review the current evidence through published literature studying the impact of NTs and their receptors, including the p75NTR receptor, on the injured and healthy brain-retina axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnoush Mirzahosseini
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Justin Mark Adam
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sanaz Nasoohi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Tauheed Ishrat
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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Tripathi A, Nasrallah HA, Pillai A. Pimavanserin treatment increases plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in rats. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1237726. [PMID: 37712092 PMCID: PMC10499044 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1237726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pimavanserin, a serotonin 5HT-2A receptor inverse agonist is the first-line, FDA-approved treatment of hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson's Disease psychosis (PDP), which occurs in up to 50% of PD patients. The neurobiological mechanism underlying the therapeutic effectiveness of Pimavanserin in PDP remains unknown. Several earlier studies have shown that treatment with 5HT-2A antagonists and other drugs acting on the serotonergic system such as SSRIs increase Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in rodents. BDNF is synthesized as the precursor proBDNF, that undergoes cleavage intra or extracellularly to produce a mature BDNF (mBDNF) protein. mBDNF is believed to play a key role in neuroplasticity and neurogenesis. The present study tested the hypothesis that treatment with Pimavanserin is associated with higher and sustained elevations of mBDNF. Methods Adult Sprague-Dawley male rats were treated with Pimavanserin, Fluoxetine or vehicle for 4 weeks (chronic) or 2 h (acute). BDNF levels were determined by enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results We found significant increases in plasma mBDNF levels in rats following chronic Pimavanserin treatment, but not in Fluoxetine-treated rats. No significant changes in mBDNF levels were found in the prefrontal cortex or hippocampus following Pimavanserin or Fluoxetine treatment. Conclusion These findings suggest that increase in mBDNF levels could be a contributing mechanism for the neuroprotective potential of Pimavanserin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Tripathi
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Henry A. Nasrallah
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Anilkumar Pillai
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States
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10
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Tian Z, Chen S, Shi Y, Wang P, Wu Y, Li G. Dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs): An insight between modern diet and health. Food Chem 2023; 415:135735. [PMID: 36863235 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed by a series of chemical reactions of amino acids, peptides, proteins, and ketones at normal temperature or heated non-enzymatic conditions. A large amount of AGEs derived from Maillard Reaction (MR) during the process of food heat-processing. After oral intake, dietary AGEs are converted into biological AGEs through digestion and absorption, and accumulated in almost all organs. The safety and health risk of dietary AGEs have attracted wide attention. Increasing evidence have shown that uptake of dietary AGEs is closely related to the occurrence of many chronic diseases, such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer's disease. This review summarized the most updated information of production, bio-transport in vivo, detection technologies, and physiological toxicity of dietary AGEs, and also discussed approaches to inhibit dietary AGEs generation. Impressively, the future opportunities and challenges on the detection, toxicity, and inhibition of dietary AGEs are raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqing Tian
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yiheng Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yongning Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
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11
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Nelson ML, Pfeifer JA, Hickey JP, Collins AE, Kalisch BE. Exploring Rosiglitazone's Potential to Treat Alzheimer's Disease through the Modulation of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1042. [PMID: 37508471 PMCID: PMC10376118 DOI: 10.3390/biology12071042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that debilitates over 55 million individuals worldwide. Currently, treatments manage and alleviate its symptoms; however, there is still a need to find a therapy that prevents or halts disease progression. Since AD has been labeled as "type 3 diabetes" due to its similarity in pathological hallmarks, molecular pathways, and comorbidity with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), there is growing interest in using anti-diabetic drugs for its treatment. Rosiglitazone (RSG) is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist that reduces hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia and improves insulin signaling. In cellular and rodent models of T2DM-associated cognitive decline and AD, RSG has been reported to improve cognitive impairment and reverse AD-like pathology; however, results from human clinical trials remain consistently unsuccessful. RSG has also been reported to modulate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein that regulates neuroplasticity and energy homeostasis and is implicated in both AD and T2DM. The present review investigates RSG's limitations and potential therapeutic benefits in pre-clinical models of AD through its modulation of BDNF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackayla L Nelson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Collaborative Specialization in Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Julia A Pfeifer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Collaborative Specialization in Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jordan P Hickey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Collaborative Specialization in Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Andrila E Collins
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Collaborative Specialization in Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Bettina E Kalisch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Collaborative Specialization in Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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12
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Dzhauari S, Basalova N, Primak A, Balabanyan V, Efimenko A, Skryabina M, Popov V, Velichko A, Bozov K, Akopyan Z, Malkov P, Stambolsky D, Tkachuk V, Karagyaur M. The Secretome of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Treating Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The First Step to Bedside. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1608. [PMID: 37376058 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage is an unmet medical need that often leads to the disability and death of a patient. The lack of effective treatments for intracerebral hemorrhage makes it necessary to look for them. Previously, in our proof-of-concept study (Karagyaur M et al. Pharmaceutics, 2021), we have shown that the secretome of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) provides neuroprotection of the brain in a model of intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Here, we have conducted a systematic study of the therapeutic potential of the MSC secretome in the model of hemorrhagic stroke and provided answers to the questions that need to be addressed in order to translate the secretome-based drug into clinical practice: routes and multiplicity of administration, optimal dose and door-to-treatment time. We have found that MSC secretome reveals prominent neuroprotective activity when administered intranasally or intravenously within 1-3 h after hemorrhage modeling, even in aged rats, and its multiple injections (even within 48 h) are able to reduce the delayed negative effects of hemorrhagic stroke. To our knowledge, this study provides the first systematic investigation of the therapeutic activity of a biomedical MSC-based cell-free drug in intracerebral hemorrhage and is an integral part of its preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stalik Dzhauari
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliya Basalova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra Primak
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim Balabanyan
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Efimenko
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mariya Skryabina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Popov
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Arkadiy Velichko
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill Bozov
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Zhanna Akopyan
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Malkov
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Stambolsky
- Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vsevolod Tkachuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Karagyaur
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
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13
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Ahmad Hariza AM, Mohd Yunus MH, Murthy JK, Wahab S. Clinical Improvement in Depression and Cognitive Deficit Following Electroconvulsive Therapy. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13091585. [PMID: 37174977 PMCID: PMC10178332 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13091585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a long-standing treatment choice for disorders such as depression when pharmacological treatments have failed. However, a major drawback of ECT is its cognitive side effects. While numerous studies have investigated the therapeutic effects of ECT and its mechanism, much less research has been conducted regarding the mechanism behind the cognitive side effects of ECT. As both clinical remission and cognitive deficits occur after ECT, it is possible that both may share a common mechanism. This review highlights studies related to ECT as well as those investigating the mechanism of its outcomes. The process underlying these effects may lie within BDNF and NMDA signaling. Edema in the astrocytes may also be responsible for the adverse cognitive effects and is mediated by metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 and the protein Homer1a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Mus'ab Ahmad Hariza
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Heikal Mohd Yunus
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Jaya Kumar Murthy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Suzaily Wahab
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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14
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Pisani A, Paciello F, Del Vecchio V, Malesci R, De Corso E, Cantone E, Fetoni AR. The Role of BDNF as a Biomarker in Cognitive and Sensory Neurodegeneration. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13040652. [PMID: 37109038 PMCID: PMC10140880 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has a crucial function in the central nervous system and in sensory structures including olfactory and auditory systems. Many studies have highlighted the protective effects of BDNF in the brain, showing how it can promote neuronal growth and survival and modulate synaptic plasticity. On the other hand, conflicting data about BDNF expression and functions in the cochlear and in olfactory structures have been reported. Several clinical and experimental research studies showed alterations in BDNF levels in neurodegenerative diseases affecting the central and peripheral nervous system, suggesting that BDNF can be a promising biomarker in most neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, shearing loss, or olfactory impairment. Here, we summarize current research concerning BDNF functions in brain and in sensory domains (olfaction and hearing), focusing on the effects of the BDNF/TrkB signalling pathway activation in both physiological and pathological conditions. Finally, we review significant studies highlighting the possibility to target BDNF as a biomarker in early diagnosis of sensory and cognitive neurodegeneration, opening new opportunities to develop effective therapeutic strategies aimed to counteract neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pisani
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiola Paciello
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Del Vecchio
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry-Audiology Section, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Malesci
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry-Audiology Section, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Eugenio De Corso
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Cantone
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry-ENT Section, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Fetoni
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry-Audiology Section, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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15
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Arutjunyan AV, Kerkeshko GO, Milyutina YP, Shcherbitskaia AD, Zalozniaia IV, Mikhel AV, Inozemtseva DB, Vasilev DS, Kovalenko AA, Kogan IY. Imbalance of Angiogenic and Growth Factors in Placenta in Maternal Hyperhomocysteinemia. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2023; 88:262-279. [PMID: 37072327 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923020098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that various adverse factors of different nature and action mechanisms have similar negative influence on placental angiogenesis, resulting in insufficiency of placental blood supply. One of the risk factors for pregnancy complications with placental etiology is an increased level of homocysteine in the blood of pregnant women. However, the effect of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) on the development of the placenta and, in particular, on the formation of its vascular network is at present poorly understood. The aim of this work was to study the effect of maternal HHcy on the expression of angiogenic and growth factors (VEGF-A, MMP-2, VEGF-B, BDNF, NGF), as well as their receptors (VEGFR-2, TrkB, p75NTR), in the rat placenta. The effects of HHcy were studied in the morphologically and functionally different maternal and fetal parts of the placenta on the 14th and 20th day of pregnancy. The maternal HHcy caused increase in the levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis markers accompanied by an imbalance of the studied angiogenic and growth factors in the maternal and/or fetal part of the placenta. The influence of maternal HHcy in most cases manifested in a decrease in the protein content (VEGF-A), enzymatic activity (MMP-2), gene expression (VEGFB, NGF, TRKB), and accumulation of precursor form (proBDNF) of the investigated factors. In some cases, the effects of HHcy differed depending on the placental part and stage of development. The influence of maternal HHcy on signaling pathways and processes controlled by the studied angiogenic and growth factors could lead to incomplete development of the placental vasculature and decrease in the placental transport, resulting in fetal growth restriction and impaired fetal brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Arutjunyan
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Gleb O Kerkeshko
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Yulia P Milyutina
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health, St. Petersburg, 194100, Russia
| | - Anastasiia D Shcherbitskaia
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Irina V Zalozniaia
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Anastasiia V Mikhel
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Daria B Inozemtseva
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Dmitrii S Vasilev
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Anna A Kovalenko
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Igor Yu Kogan
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
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16
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Deciphering the Effect of Different Genetic Variants on Hippocampal Subfield Volumes in the General Population. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021120. [PMID: 36674637 PMCID: PMC9861136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to disentangle the effects of various genetic factors on hippocampal subfield volumes using three different approaches: a biologically driven candidate gene approach, a hypothesis-free GWAS approach, and a polygenic approach, where AD risk alleles are combined with a polygenic risk score (PRS). The impact of these genetic factors was investigated in a large dementia-free general population cohort from the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP, n = 1806). Analyses were performed using linear regression models adjusted for biological and environmental risk factors. Hippocampus subfield volume alterations were found for APOE ε4, BDNF Val, and 5-HTTLPR L allele carriers. In addition, we were able to replicate GWAS findings, especially for rs17178139 (MSRB3), rs1861979 (DPP4), rs7873551 (ASTN2), and rs572246240 (MAST4). Interaction analyses between the significant SNPs as well as the PRS for AD revealed no significant results. Our results confirm that hippocampal volume reductions are influenced by genetic variation, and that different variants reveal different association patterns that can be linked to biological processes in neurodegeneration. Thus, this study underlines the importance of specific genetic analyses in the quest for acquiring deeper insights into the biology of hippocampal volume loss, memory impairment, depression, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Salasova A, Monti G, Andersen OM, Nykjaer A. Finding memo: versatile interactions of the VPS10p-Domain receptors in Alzheimer’s disease. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:74. [PMID: 36397124 PMCID: PMC9673319 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00576-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of VPS10p-Domain (D) receptors comprises five members named SorLA, Sortilin, SorCS1, SorCS2 and SorCS3. While their physiological roles remain incompletely resolved, they have been recognized for their signaling engagements and trafficking abilities, navigating a number of molecules between endosome, Golgi compartments, and the cell surface. Strikingly, recent studies connected all the VPS10p-D receptors to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development. In addition, they have been also associated with diseases comorbid with AD such as diabetes mellitus and major depressive disorder. This systematic review elaborates on genetic, functional, and mechanistic insights into how dysfunction in VPS10p-D receptors may contribute to AD etiology, AD onset diversity, and AD comorbidities. Starting with their functions in controlling cellular trafficking of amyloid precursor protein and the metabolism of the amyloid beta peptide, we present and exemplify how these receptors, despite being structurally similar, regulate various and distinct cellular events involved in AD. This includes a plethora of signaling crosstalks that impact on neuronal survival, neuronal wiring, neuronal polarity, and synaptic plasticity. Signaling activities of the VPS10p-D receptors are especially linked, but not limited to, the regulation of neuronal fitness and apoptosis via their physical interaction with pro- and mature neurotrophins and their receptors. By compiling the functional versatility of VPS10p-D receptors and their interactions with AD-related pathways, we aim to further propel the AD research towards VPS10p-D receptor family, knowledge that may lead to new diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies for AD patients.
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Li Y, Li F, Qin D, Chen H, Wang J, Wang J, Song S, Wang C, Wang Y, Liu S, Gao D, Wang ZH. The role of brain derived neurotrophic factor in central nervous system. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:986443. [PMID: 36158555 PMCID: PMC9493475 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.986443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has multiple biological functions which are mediated by the activation of two receptors, tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptor and the p75 neurotrophin receptor, involving in physiological and pathological processes throughout life. The diverse presence and activity of BDNF indicate its potential role in the pathogenesis, progression and treatment of both neurological and psychiatric disorders. This review is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the current knowledge and future directions in BDNF-associated research in the central nervous system (CNS), with an emphasis on the physiological and pathological functions of BDNF as well as its potential treatment effects in CNS diseases, including depression, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and cerebral ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Li
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongdong Qin
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianhao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiabei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shafei Song
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yamei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Songyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dandan Gao
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-Hao Wang,
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Zhang Y, Gao X, Bai X, Yao S, Chang YZ, Gao G. The emerging role of furin in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. Transl Neurodegener 2022; 11:39. [PMID: 35996194 PMCID: PMC9395820 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-022-00313-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Furin is an important mammalian proprotein convertase that catalyzes the proteolytic maturation of a variety of prohormones and proproteins in the secretory pathway. In the brain, the substrates of furin include the proproteins of growth factors, receptors and enzymes. Emerging evidence, such as reduced FURIN mRNA expression in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients or schizophrenia patients, has implicated a crucial role of furin in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. Currently, compared to cancer and infectious diseases, the aberrant expression of furin and its pharmaceutical potentials in neurological diseases remain poorly understood. In this article, we provide an overview on the physiological roles of furin and its substrates in the brain, summarize the deregulation of furin expression and its effects in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, and discuss the implications and current approaches that target furin for therapeutic interventions. This review may expedite future studies to clarify the molecular mechanisms of furin deregulation and involvement in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases, and to develop new diagnosis and treatment strategies for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Xiaoqin Gao
- Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050027, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Shanshan Yao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Yan-Zhong Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
| | - Guofen Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
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20
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Murray TE, Richards CM, Robert-Gostlin VN, Bernath AK, Lindhout IA, Klegeris A. Potential neurotoxic activity of diverse molecules released by astrocytes. Brain Res Bull 2022; 189:80-101. [PMID: 35988785 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes are the main support cells of the central nervous system. They also participate in neuroimmune reactions. In response to pathological and immune stimuli, astrocytes transform to reactive states characterized by increased release of inflammatory mediators. Some of these molecules are neuroprotective and inflammation resolving while others, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)- 9, L-glutamate, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF), are well-established toxins known to cause damage to surrounding cells and tissues. We hypothesized that similar to microglia, the brain immune cells, reactive astrocytes can release a broader set of diverse molecules that are potentially neurotoxic. A literature search was conducted to identify such molecules using the following two criteria: 1) evidence of their expression and secretion by astrocytes and 2) direct neurotoxic action. This review describes 14 structurally diverse molecules as less-established astrocyte neurotoxins, including C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)10, CXCL12/CXCL12(5-67), FS-7-associated surface antigen ligand (FasL), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)- 2α, TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), pro-nerve growth factor (proNGF), pro-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF), chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), cathepsin (Cat)B, group IIA secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA), amyloid beta peptides (Aβ), high mobility group box (HMGB)1, ceramides, and lipocalin (LCN)2. For some of these molecules, further studies are required to establish either their direct neurotoxic effects or the full spectrum of stimuli that induce their release by astrocytes. Only limited studies with human-derived astrocytes and neurons are available for most of these potential neurotoxins, which is a knowledge gap that should be addressed in the future. We also summarize available evidence of the role these molecules play in select neuropathologies where reactive astrocytes are a key feature. A comprehensive understanding of the full spectrum of neurotoxins released by reactive astrocytes is key to understanding neuroinflammatory diseases characterized by the adverse activation of these cells and may guide the development of novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taryn E Murray
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Christy M Richards
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Victoria N Robert-Gostlin
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Anna K Bernath
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Ivan A Lindhout
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Andis Klegeris
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada.
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21
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Asadi MR, Talebi M, Gharesouran J, Sabaie H, Jalaiei A, Arsang-Jang S, Taheri M, Sayad A, Rezazadeh M. Analysis of ROQUIN, Tristetraprolin (TTP), and BDNF/miR-16/TTP regulatory axis in late onset Alzheimer’s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:933019. [PMID: 36016853 PMCID: PMC9397504 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.933019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a heterogeneous degenerative disorder of the brain that is on the rise worldwide. One of the critical processes that might be disturbed in AD is gene expression regulation. Tristetraprolin (TTP) and RC3H1 gene (ROQUIN) are two RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that target AU-rich elements (AREs) and constitutive decay elements (CDEs), respectively. TTP and ROQUIN, members of the CCCH zinc-finger protein family, have been demonstrated to fine-tune numerous inflammatory factors. In addition, miR-16 has distinct characteristics and may influence the target mRNA through the ARE site. Interestingly, BDNF mRNA has ARE sites in the 3’ untranslated region (UTR) and can be targeted by regulatory factors, such as TTP and miR-16 on MRE sequences, forming BDNF/miR-16/TTP regulatory axis. A number of two microarray datasets were downloaded, including information on mRNAs (GSE106241) and miRNAs (GSE157239) from individuals with AD and corresponding controls. R software was used to identify BDNF, TTP, ROQUIN, and miR-16 expression levels in temporal cortex (TC) tissue datasets. Q-PCR was also used to evaluate the expression of these regulatory factors and the expression of BDNF in the blood of 50 patients with AD and 50 controls. Bioinformatic evaluation showed that TTP and miR-16 overexpression might act as post-transcriptional regulatory factors to control BDNF expression in AD in TC samples. Instead, this expression pattern was not found in peripheral blood samples from patients with AD compared to normal controls. ROQUIN expression was increased in the peripheral blood of patients with AD. Hsa-miR-16-5p levels did not show significant differences in peripheral blood samples. Finally, it was shown that TTP and BDNF, based on evaluating the receiver operating characteristic (ROC), effectively identify patients with AD from healthy controls. This study could provide a new perspective on the molecular regulatory processes associated with AD pathogenic mechanisms linked to the BDNF growth factor, although further research is needed on the possible roles of these factors in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Asadi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Talebi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalal Gharesouran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hani Sabaie
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Jalaiei
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahram Arsang-Jang
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Arezou Sayad,
| | - Maryam Rezazadeh
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Maryam Rezazadeh,
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22
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Li J, Zhang X, Jiang J, Zhang B, Tang Y, Zhang T, Jia Y, Li Q, Xia M, Sheng J, Li C, Wang J. Comparison of electroconvulsive therapy and magnetic seizure therapy in schizophrenia: Structural changes/neuroplasticity. Psychiatry Res 2022; 312:114523. [PMID: 35378453 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) can effectively reduce the symptoms of schizophrenia, but may also impair cognitive function. A potential alternative is magnetic seizure therapy (MST), which has shown comparable efficacy with less severe cognitive disruption. This study compared ECT to MST for clinical efficacy and cognitive side effects. In addition, we examined the possible contributions of hippocampal volume changes and enhanced brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling to the therapeutic responses. Thirty-four confirmed schizophrenia patients were allocated to receive ECT (n = 16) or MST (n = 18) over a 4-week period. Schizophrenia symptoms were measured by PANSS, cognition by the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), and serum BDNF and its precursor proBDNF by ELISA at baseline and following ECT or MST. Both treatments reduced PANSS scores with comparable efficacy, while MST was superior for preservation of RBANS language score. ECT significantly increased the volumes of the bilateral hippocampus and multiple subfields, while MST had no effect on hippocampal volume. The change in right hippocampal volume was correlated with proBDNF change among ECT and MST non-responders (< 25% decrease in PANSS score). MST reduced schizophrenia symptoms as effectively as ECT with slightly better preservation of cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, 11 Guangqian Road, Suzhou 215137, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaobin Zhang
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, 11 Guangqian Road, Suzhou 215137, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiangling Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Department of EEG and Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yingying Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Department of EEG and Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Tianhong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Department of EEG and Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yuping Jia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Department of EEG and Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Qingwei Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Department of EEG and Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Mengqing Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Department of EEG and Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jianhua Sheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Department of EEG and Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Chunbo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Department of EEG and Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Department of EEG and Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
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Cao H, Zuo C, Gu Z, Huang Y, Yang Y, Zhu L, Jiang Y, Wang F. High frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation alleviates cognitive deficits in 3xTg-AD mice by modulating the PI3K/Akt/GLT-1 Axis. Redox Biol 2022; 54:102354. [PMID: 35660628 PMCID: PMC9168605 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Glutamate mediated excitotoxicity, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, synaptic loss and neuronal death, is ubiquitous in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our previous study found that 15 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) could reduce cortical excitability. The purpose of this study was to explore the therapeutic effect of higher frequency rTMS on 3xTg-AD model mice and further explore the mechanisms of rTMS. Methods First, WT and 3xTg-AD model mice received 25 Hz rTMS treatment for 21 days. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the cognitive function. The levels of Aβ and neuroinflammation were assessed by ELISA and immunofluorescence. Oxidative stress was quantified by biochemical assay kits. Brain glucose metabolism was assessed by 18F-FDG PET. Apoptosis was assessed by western blot and TUNEL staining. Synaptic plasticity and PI3K/Akt/GLT-1 pathway related protein expression were assessed by western blot. Next, to explore the activity of PI3K/Akt in the therapeutic effect of rTMS, 3xTg-AD model mice were given LY294002 intervention and rTMS treatment for 21 days, the experimental method was the same as before. Results We found that 25 Hz rTMS could improve cognitive function of 3xTg-AD model mice, reduce hippocampal Aβ1-42 levels, ameliorate oxidative stress and improve glucose metabolism. rTMS alleviated neuroinflammatory response, enhanced synaptic plasticity and reduced neuronal loss and cell apoptosis, accompanied by activation of PI3K/Akt/GLT-1 pathway. After administration of PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002, 25 Hz rTMS could not improve the cognitive function and reduce neuron damage of 3xTg-AD model mice, nor could it upregulate the expression of GLT-1, indicating that its therapeutic and protective effects required the involvement of PI3K/Akt/GLT-1 pathway. Conclusion rTMS exerts protective role for AD through regulating multiple pathological processes. Meanwhile, this study revealed the key role of PI3K/Akt/GLT-1 pathway in the treatment of AD by rTMS, which might be a new target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Cao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chengchao Zuo
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongya Gu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yaqi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yuyan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Liudi Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yongsheng Jiang
- Cancer Center of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Furong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Sun W, Li J, Li X, Chen X, Mei Y, Yang Y, An L. Aluminium oxide nanoparticles compromise spatial memory performance and proBDNF-mediated neuronal function in the hippocampus of rats. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:34. [PMID: 35538555 PMCID: PMC9087928 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00477-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alumina nanoparticles (aluminaNPs), which are widely used in a range of daily and medical fields, have been shown to penetrate blood-brain barrier, and distribute and accumulate in different brain areas. Although oral treatment of aluminaNPs induces hippocampus-dependent learning and memory impairments, characteristic effects and exact mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here, male adult rats received a single bilateral infusion of aluminaNPs (10 or 20 µg/kg of body weight) into the hippocampal region, and their behavioral performance and neural function were assessed. Results The results indicated that the intra-hippocampus infusions at both doses of aluminaNPs did not cause spatial learning inability but memory deficit in the water maze task. This impairment was attributed to the effects of aluminaNP on memory consolidation phase through activation of proBDNF/RhoA pathway. Inhibition of the increased proBDNF by hippocampal infusions of p75NTR antagonist could effectively rescue the memory impairment. Incubation of aluminaNPs exaggerated GluN2B-dependent LTD induction with no effects on LTD expression in hippocampal slices. AluminaNP could also depress the amplitude of NMDA-GluN2B EPSCs. Meanwhile, increased reactive oxygen specie production was reduced by blocking proBDNF-p75NTR pathway in the hippocampal homogenates. Furthermore, the neuronal correlate of memory behavior was drastically weakened in the aluminaNP-infused groups. The dysfunction of synaptic and neuronal could be obviously mitigated by blocking proBDNF receptor p75NTR, implying the involvement of proBDNF signaling in aluminaNP-impaired memory process. Conclusions Taken together, our findings provide the first evidence that the accumulation of aluminaNPs in the hippocampus exaggeratedly activates proBDNF signaling, which leads to neural and memory impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Department of Pediatric, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China.,Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Jia Li
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- Department of Neurology, Jinan Geriatric/Rehabilitation Hospital, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Pediatric, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China.,Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Jinan Geriatric/Rehabilitation Hospital, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Yazi Mei
- Graduate School of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pediatric, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Lei An
- Department of Pediatric, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China. .,Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China. .,Department of Neurology, Jinan Geriatric/Rehabilitation Hospital, Jinan, 250013, China. .,Graduate School of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Activation of TGR5 Ameliorates Streptozotocin-Induced Cognitive Impairment by Modulating Apoptosis, Neurogenesis, and Neuronal Firing. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3716609. [PMID: 35464765 PMCID: PMC9033389 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3716609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) is the first known G protein-coupled receptor specific for bile acids and is recognized as a new and critical target for type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. It is expressed in many brain regions associated with memory such as the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Here, we hypothesize that activation of TGR5 may ameliorate streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced cognitive impairment. The mouse model of cognitive impairment was established by a single intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of STZ (3.0 mg/kg), and we found that TGR5 activation by its agonist INT-777 (1.5 or 3.0 μg/mouse, ICV injection) ameliorated spatial memory impairment in the Morris water maze and Y-maze tests. Importantly, INT-777 reversed STZ-induced downregulation of TGR5 and glucose usage deficits. Our results further showed that INT-777 suppressed neuronal apoptosis and improved neurogenesis which were involved in tau phosphorylation and CREB-BDNF signaling. Moreover, INT-777 increased action potential firing of excitatory pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA3 and medial prefrontal cortex of ICV-STZ groups. Taken together, these findings reveal that activation of TGR5 has a neuroprotective effect against STZ-induced cognitive impairment by modulating apoptosis, neurogenesis, and neuronal firing in the brain and TGR5 might be a novel and potential target for Alzheimer's disease.
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Allen CNS, Arjona SP, Santerre M, De Lucia C, Koch WJ, Sawaya BE. Metabolic Reprogramming in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:812887. [PMID: 35418836 PMCID: PMC8997587 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.812887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant number of patients infected with HIV-1 suffer from HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) such as spatial memory impairments and learning disabilities (SMI-LD). SMI-LD is also observed in patients using combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Our lab has demonstrated that the HIV-1 protein, gp120, promotes SMI-LD by altering mitochondrial functions and energy production. We have investigated cellular processes upstream of the mitochondrial functions and discovered that gp120 causes metabolic reprogramming. Effectively, the addition of gp120 protein to neuronal cells disrupted the glycolysis pathway at the pyruvate level. Looking for the players involved, we found that gp120 promotes increased expression of polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1), causing the splicing of pyruvate kinase M (PKM) into PKM1 and PKM2. We have also shown that these events lead to the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and prevent the cleavage of pro-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (pro-BDNF) protein into mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The accumulation of proBDNF results in signaling that increases the expression of the inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) protein which then occupies the cAMP response element (CRE)-binding sites within the BDNF promoters II and IV, thus altering normal synaptic plasticity. We reversed these events by adding Tepp-46, which stabilizes the tetrameric form of PKM2. Therefore, we concluded that gp120 reprograms cellular metabolism, causing changes linked to disrupted memory in HIV-infected patients and that preventing the disruption of the metabolism presents a potential cure against HAND progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles N. S. Allen
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sterling P. Arjona
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Maryline Santerre
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Claudio De Lucia
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Walter J. Koch
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Bassel E. Sawaya
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Bassel E. Sawaya,
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Consequences of the rs6265 (Val66Met) polymorphism in the BDNF gene in selected mental disorders and sport. CURRENT PROBLEMS OF PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/cpp-2022-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a polypeptide of 247 amino acid residues and is widely distributed throughout the central nervous system of the CNS. It plays an important role in the survival, differentiation, growth, and development of neurons in the central nervous system. The human BDNF gene is located on chromosome 11 in the p13-14 region and covers approximately 70 kb. The gene has a complex structure as it consists of 11 exons (I-IX, plus Vh and VIIIh) and nine functional promoters. BDNF expression in the brain is relatively low but it is found in most major regions of the brain.
Material and methods: The gene encoding the brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF has many polymorphisms, but one of them mainly attracts the attention of researchers. This is a common, non-conservative polymorphism - rs6265 - a single nucleotide SNP polymorphism that results in an amino acid change – valine (Val) to methionine (Met) - at codon 66.
Results: Polymorphism rs6265 is associated with many neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression or a higher risk of addiction, but it also determines other features, such as e.g. sports performance. Few studies are investigating the relationship between rs6265 polymorphism and predisposition to play sports.
Conclusions: The results on the effect of rs6265 BDNF polymorphic variants on the risk of depression and addition are inconsistent, indicating a significant association in some studies and none in others. Therefore, more studies are needed to determine how rs6265 affects gene expression and function.
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Gorick CM, Saucerman JJ, Price RJ. Computational model of brain endothelial cell signaling pathways predicts therapeutic targets for cerebral pathologies. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 164:17-28. [PMID: 34798125 PMCID: PMC8958390 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Brain endothelial cells serve many critical homeostatic functions. In addition to sensing and regulating blood flow, they maintain blood-brain barrier function, including precise control of nutrient exchange and efflux of xenobiotics. Many signaling pathways in brain endothelial cells have been implicated in both health and disease; however, our understanding of how these signaling pathways functionally integrate is limited. A model capable of integrating these signaling pathways could both advance our understanding of brain endothelial cell signaling networks and potentially identify promising molecular targets for endothelial cell-based drug or gene therapies. To this end, we developed a large-scale computational model, wherein brain endothelial cell signaling pathways were reconstructed from the literature and converted into a network of logic-based differential equations. The model integrates 63 nodes (including proteins, mRNA, small molecules, and cell phenotypes) and 82 reactions connecting these nodes. Specifically, our model combines signaling pathways relating to VEGF-A, BDNF, NGF, and Wnt signaling, in addition to incorporating pathways relating to focused ultrasound as a therapeutic delivery tool. To validate the model, independently established relationships between selected inputs and outputs were simulated, with the model yielding correct predictions 73% of the time. We identified influential and sensitive nodes under different physiological or pathological contexts, including altered brain endothelial cell conditions during glioma, Alzheimer's disease, and ischemic stroke. Nodes with the greatest influence over combinations of desired model outputs were identified as potential druggable targets for these disease conditions. For example, the model predicts therapeutic benefits from inhibiting AKT, Hif-1α, or cathepsin D in the context of glioma - each of which are currently being studied in clinical or pre-clinical trials. Notably, the model also permits testing multiple combinations of node alterations for their effects on the network and the desired outputs (such as inhibiting AKT and overexpressing the P75 neurotrophin receptor simultaneously in the context of glioma), allowing for the prediction of optimal combination therapies. In all, our approach integrates results from over 100 past studies into a coherent and powerful model, capable of both revealing network interactions unapparent from studying any one pathway in isolation and predicting therapeutic targets for treating devastating brain pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M. Gorick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Saucerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA,Corresponding authors at: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Box 800759, Health System, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. (J.J. Saucerman), (R.J. Price)
| | - Richard J. Price
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA,Department of Radiology & Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA,Corresponding authors at: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Box 800759, Health System, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. (J.J. Saucerman), (R.J. Price)
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Yang CR, Ding HJ, Yu M, Zhou FH, Han CY, Liang R, Zhang XY, Zhang XL, Meng FJ, Wang S, Li DD, Sun WZ, Meng B, Zhou XF. proBDNF/p75NTR promotes rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory response by activating proinflammatory cytokines. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22180. [PMID: 35129860 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101558r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
P75 pan-neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is an important receptor for the role of neurotrophins in survival and death of neurons during development and after nerve injury. Our previous research found that the precursor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) regulates pain as an inflammatory mediator. The current understanding of the role of proBDNF/p75NTR signaling pathway in inflammatory arthritis pain and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is unclear. We recruited 20 RA patients, 20 healthy donors (HDs), and 10 osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of proBDNF and p75NTR in synovial membrane were performed and evaluated. We next examined the mRNA and protein expression of proBDNF/p75NTR signaling pathway in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and synovial tissue. ELISA and flow cytometry were assessed between the blood of RA patients and HD. To induce RA, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) were induced in mice. We found over-synovitis of RA synovial membrane compared to OA controls in histologic sections. P75NTR and sortilin mRNA, and proBDNF protein level were significantly increased in PBMCs of RA patients compared with the HD. Consistently, ELISA showed that p75NTR, sortilin, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in the serum of RA patients were increased compared with HD and p75NTR, sortilin were positively correlated with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28). In addition, using flow cytometry we showed that the increased levels of proBDNF and p75NTR characterized in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of RA patients were subsequently reversed with methotrexate (MTX) treatment. Furthermore, we found pathological changes, inflammatory pain, upregulation of the mRNA and protein expression of proBDNF/p75NTR signaling pathway, and upregulation of inflammatory cytokines in spinal cord using a well-established CIA mouse model. We showed intravenous treatment of recombinant p75ECD-Fc that biologically blocked all inflammatory responses and relieved inflammatory pain of animals with CIA. Our findings showed the involvement of proBDNF/p75NTR pathway in the RA inflammatory response and how blocking it with p75ECD-Fc may be a promising therapeutic treatment for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Rui Yang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Jun Ding
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Public Security Profession College, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Fiona-H Zhou
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Chen-Yang Han
- Pain Treatment Center, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Lian Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Fan-Jie Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - De-Dong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Zong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Bin Meng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Eggert S, Kins S, Endres K, Brigadski T. Brothers in arms: proBDNF/BDNF and sAPPα/Aβ-signaling and their common interplay with ADAM10, TrkB, p75NTR, sortilin, and sorLA in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Biol Chem 2022; 403:43-71. [PMID: 34619027 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important modulator for a variety of functions in the central nervous system (CNS). A wealth of evidence, such as reduced mRNA and protein level in the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and blood samples of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients implicates a crucial role of BDNF in the progression of this disease. Especially, processing and subcellular localization of BDNF and its receptors TrkB and p75 are critical determinants for survival and death in neuronal cells. Similarly, the amyloid precursor protein (APP), a key player in Alzheimer's disease, and its cleavage fragments sAPPα and Aβ are known for their respective roles in neuroprotection and neuronal death. Common features of APP- and BDNF-signaling indicate a causal relationship in their mode of action. However, the interconnections of APP- and BDNF-signaling are not well understood. Therefore, we here discuss dimerization properties, localization, processing by α- and γ-secretase, relevance of the common interaction partners TrkB, p75, sorLA, and sortilin as well as shared signaling pathways of BDNF and sAPPα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Eggert
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Stefan Kins
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Kristina Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Brigadski
- Department of Informatics and Microsystem Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, D-66482 Zweibrücken, Germany
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31
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Bagnato S. The role of plasticity in the recovery of consciousness. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022; 184:375-395. [PMID: 35034750 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819410-2.00020-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Disorders of consciousness (DOCs), i.e., coma, vegetative state, and minimally conscious state are the consequences of a severe brain injury that disrupts the brain ability to generate consciousness. Recovery from DOCs requires functional and structural changes in the brain. The sites where these plastic changes take place vary according to the pathophysiology of the DOC. The ascending reticular activating system of the brainstem and its complex connections with the thalamus and cortex are involved in the pathophysiology of coma. Subcortical structures, such as the striatum and globus pallidus, together with thalamocortical and corticothalamic projections, the basal forebrain, and several networks among different cortical areas are probably involved in vegetative and minimally conscious states. Some mechanisms of plasticity that allegedly operate in each of these sites to promote recovery of consciousness will be discussed in this chapter. While some mechanisms of plasticity work at a local level, others produce functional changes in complex neuronal networks, for example by entraining neuronal oscillations. The specific mechanisms of brain plasticity represent potential targets for future treatments aiming to restore consciousness in patients with severe DOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Bagnato
- Unit of Neurophysiology and Unit for Severe Acquired Brain Injuries, Rehabilitation Department, Giuseppe Giglio Foundation, Cefalù (PA), Italy.
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32
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Xiang X, Wang X, Jin S, Hu J, Wu Y, Li Y, Wu X. Activation of GPR55 attenuates cognitive impairment and neurotoxicity in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease induced by Aβ 1-42 through inhibiting RhoA/ROCK2 pathway. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 112:110423. [PMID: 34363866 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides in the brain is considered to be the initial event in the Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neurotoxicity mediated by Aβ has been demonstrated to damage the cognitive function. In the present study, we sought to determine the effects of O-1602, a specific G-protein coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) agonist, on the impairment of learning and memory induced by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) of Aβ1-42 (400 pmol/mouse) in mice. Our results showed that i.c.v. injection of aggregated Aβ1-42 into the brain of mice resulted in cognitive impairment and neurotoxicity. In contrast, O-1602 (2.0 or 4.0 μg/mouse, i.c.v.) can improve memory impairment induced by Aβ1-42 in the Morris water maze (MWM), and novel object recognition (NOR) tests. Besides, we found that O-1602 reduced the activity of β-secretase 1 (BACE1) and the level of soluble Aβ1-42 in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Importantly, O-1602 treatment reversed Aβ1-42-induced GPR55 down-regulation, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), increased the levels of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), as well as suppressed apoptosis as indicated by decreased TUNEL-positive cells, and increased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax. O-1602 treatment also pronouncedly ameliorated synaptic dysfunction by promoting the upregulation of PSD-95 and synaptophysin (SYN) proteins. Moreover, O-1602 concurrently down regulated the protein levels of RhoA, and ROCK2, the critical proteins in the RhoA/ROCK2 pathway. This study indicates that O-1602 may reverse Aβ1-42-induced cognitive impairment and neurotoxicity in mice by inhibiting RhoA/ROCK2 pathway. Taken together, these findings suggest that GPR55 could be a novel and promising target for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoTong Xiang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xin Wang
- West Anhui Health Vocational College, Luan 237000, China
| | - ShiYu Jin
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - YuMei Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - YueYue Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xian Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China.
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Cade S, Zhou XF, Bobrovskaya L. The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR in age-related brain atrophy and the transition to Alzheimer's disease. Rev Neurosci 2022; 33:515-529. [PMID: 34982865 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative condition that is potentially mediated by synaptic dysfunction before the onset of cognitive impairments. The disease mostly affects elderly people and there is currently no therapeutic which halts its progression. One therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease is to regenerate lost synapses by targeting mechanisms involved in synaptic plasticity. This strategy has led to promising drug candidates in clinical trials, but further progress needs to be made. An unresolved problem of Alzheimer's disease is to identify the molecular mechanisms that render the aged brain susceptible to synaptic dysfunction. Understanding this susceptibility may identify drug targets which could halt, or even reverse, the disease's progression. Brain derived neurotrophic factor is a neurotrophin expressed in the brain previously implicated in Alzheimer's disease due to its involvement in synaptic plasticity. Low levels of the protein increase susceptibility to the disease and post-mortem studies consistently show reductions in its expression. A desirable therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease is to stimulate the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor and potentially regenerate lost synapses. However, synthesis and secretion of the protein are regulated by complex activity-dependent mechanisms within neurons, which makes this approach challenging. Moreover, the protein is synthesised as a precursor which exerts the opposite effect of its mature form through the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR. This review will evaluate current evidence on how age-related alterations in the synthesis, processing and signalling of brain derived neurotrophic factor may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Cade
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Larisa Bobrovskaya
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
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34
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Taylor A, Bejarano E. Boosting proteolytic pathways as a treatment against glycation-derived damage in the brain? Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:320-322. [PMID: 34269200 PMCID: PMC8463977 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.317971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Allen Taylor
- Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University; Departments of Chemical and Molecular Biology and Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine; Friedman School of Nutrition and Science Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eloy Bejarano
- Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA; School of Health Sciences and Veterinary School, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
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35
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Activation of GPR55 attenuates cognitive impairment, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and synaptic dysfunction in a streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's mouse model. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2022; 214:173340. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2022.173340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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36
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Ma W, Yang JW, Wang XB, Luo T, Zhou L, Lagares A, Li H, Liang Z, Liu KP, Zang CH, Li CY, Wu Z, Guo JH, Zhou XF, Li LY. Negative regulation by proBDNF signaling of peripheral neurogenesis in the sensory ganglia of adult rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112273. [PMID: 34700232 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurogenesis in the adult brain is well recognized and plays a critical role in the maintenance of brain function and homeostasis. However, whether neurogenesis also occurs in the adult peripheral nervous system remains unknown. Here, using sensory ganglia (dorsal root ganglia, DRGs) as a model, we show that neurogenesis also occurs in the peripheral nervous system, but in a manner different from that in the central nervous system. Satellite glial cells (SGCs) express the neuronal precursor markers Nestin, POU domain, class 4, transcription factor 1, and p75 pan-neurotrophin receptor. Following sciatic nerve injury, the suppression of endogenous proBDNF by proBDNF antibodies resulted in the transformation of proliferating SGCs into doublecortin-positive cells in the DRGs. Using purified SGCs migrating out from the DRGs, the inhibition of endogenous proBDNF promoted the conversion of SGCs into neuronal phenotypes in vitro. Our findings suggest that SGCs are neuronal precursors, and that proBDNF maintains the SGC phenotype. Furthermore, the suppression of proBDNF signaling is necessary for neuronal phenotype acquisition by SGCs. Thus, we propose that peripheral neurogenesis may occur via the direct conversion of SGCs into neurons, and that this process is negatively regulated by proBDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin-Wei Yang
- Second Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Xian-Bin Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China; Medical college of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine of Yunnan Province, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Alfonso Lagares
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación imas12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hongyun Li
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Zhang Liang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Kuang-Pin Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Cheng-Hao Zang
- Second Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Chun-Yan Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Second Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Jian-Hui Guo
- Second Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China.
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Li-Yan Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
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Liang YY, Zhang LD, Luo X, Wu LL, Chen ZW, Wei GH, Zhang KQ, Du ZA, Li RZ, So KF, Li A. All roads lead to Rome - a review of the potential mechanisms by which exerkines exhibit neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2021; 17:1210-1227. [PMID: 34782555 PMCID: PMC8643060 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.325012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have become a critical public health issue due to the significantly extended human lifespan, leading to considerable economic and social burdens. Traditional therapies for AD such as medicine and surgery remain ineffective, impractical, and expensive. Many studies have shown that a variety of bioactive substances released by physical exercise (called “exerkines”) help to maintain and improve the normal functions of the brain in terms of cognition, emotion, and psychomotor coordination. Increasing evidence suggests that exerkines may exert beneficial effects in AD as well. This review summarizes the neuroprotective effects of exerkines in AD, focusing on the underlying molecular mechanism and the dynamic expression of exerkines after physical exercise. The findings described in this review will help direct research into novel targets for the treatment of AD and develop customized exercise therapy for individuals of different ages, genders, and health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yao Liang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Dan Zhang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Li Wu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhao-Wei Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guang-Hao Wei
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kai-Qing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ze-An Du
- Department of Clinical Medicine, International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ren-Zhi Li
- International Department of the Affiliated High School of South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Jinan University), Ministry of Education; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ang Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Jinan University), Ministry of Education; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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38
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Penning DH, Cazacu S, Brodie A, Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Kalkanis SN, Lewis M, Brodie C. Neuron-Glia Crosstalk Plays a Major Role in the Neurotoxic Effects of Ketamine via Extracellular Vesicles. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:691648. [PMID: 34604212 PMCID: PMC8481868 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.691648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There is a compelling evidence from animal models that early exposure to clinically relevant general anesthetics (GAs) interferes with brain development, resulting in long-lasting cognitive impairments. Human studies have been inconclusive and are challenging due to numerous confounding factors. Here, we employed primary human neural cells to analyze ketamine neurotoxic effects focusing on the role of glial cells and their activation state. We also explored the roles of astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) and different components of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway. Methods: Ketamine effects on cell death were analyzed using live/dead assay, caspase 3 activity and PARP-1 cleavage. Astrocytic and microglial cell differentiation was determined using RT-PCR, ELISA and phagocytosis assay. The impact of the neuron-glial cell interactions in the neurotoxic effects of ketamine was analyzed using transwell cultures. In addition, the role of isolated and secreted EVs in this cross-talk were studied. The expression and function of different components of the BDNF pathway were analyzed using ELISA, RT-PCR and gene silencing. Results: Ketamine induced neuronal and oligodendrocytic cell apoptosis and promoted pro-inflammatory astrocyte (A1) and microglia (M1) phenotypes. Astrocytes and microglia enhanced the neurotoxic effects of ketamine on neuronal cells, whereas neurons increased oligodendrocyte cell death. Ketamine modulated different components in the BDNF pathway: decreasing BDNF secretion in neurons and astrocytes while increasing the expression of p75 in neurons and that of BDNF-AS and pro-BDNF secretion in both neurons and astrocytes. We demonstrated an important role of EVs secreted by ketamine-treated astrocytes in neuronal cell death and a role for EV-associated BDNF-AS in this effect. Conclusions: Ketamine exerted a neurotoxic effect on neural cells by impacting both neuronal and non-neuronal cells. The BDNF pathway and astrocyte-derived EVs represent important mediators of ketamine effects. These results contribute to a better understanding of ketamine neurotoxic effects in humans and to the development of potential approaches to decrease its neurodevelopmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald H Penning
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Simona Cazacu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
| | | | - Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Steve N Kalkanis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Michael Lewis
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Chaya Brodie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States.,Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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39
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proNGF Involvement in the Adult Neurogenesis Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910744. [PMID: 34639085 PMCID: PMC8509282 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, neurogenesis in the adult brain has been well demonstrated in a number of animal species, including humans. Interestingly, work with rodents has shown that adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus is vital for some cognitive aspects, as increasing neurogenesis improves memory, while its disruption triggers the opposite effect. Adult neurogenesis declines with age and has been suggested to play a role in impaired progressive learning and memory loss seen in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, therapeutic strategies designed to boost adult hippocampal neurogenesis may be beneficial for the treatment of AD. The precursor forms of neurotrophins, such as pro-NGF, display remarkable increase during AD in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex. In contrast to mature NGF, pro-NGF exerts adverse functions in survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Hence, we hypothesized that pro-NGF and its p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) contribute to disrupting adult hippocampal neurogenesis during AD. To test this hypothesis, in this study, we took advantage of the availability of mouse models of AD (APP/PS1), which display memory impairment, and AD human samples to address the role of pro-NGF/p75NTR signaling in different aspects of adult neurogenesis. First, we observed that DG doublecortin (DCX) + progenitors express p75NTR both, in healthy humans and control animals, although the percentage of DCX+ cells are significantly reduced in AD. Interestingly, the expression of p75NTR in these progenitors is significantly decreased in AD conditions compared to controls. In order to assess the contribution of the pro-NGF/p75NTR pathway to the memory deficits of APP/PS1 mice, we injected pro-NGF neutralizing antibodies (anti-proNGF) into the DG of control and APP/PS1 mice and animals are subjected to a Morris water maze test. Intriguingly, we observed that anti-pro-NGF significantly restored memory performance of APP/PS1 animals and significantly increase the percentage of DCX+ progenitors in the DG region of these animals. In summary, our results suggest that pro-NGF is involved in disrupting spatial memory in AD, at least in part by blocking adult neurogenesis. Moreover, we propose that adult neurogenesis alteration should be taken into consideration for better understanding of AD pathology. Additionally, we provide a new molecular entry point (pro-NGF/p75NTR signaling) as a promising therapeutic target in AD.
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40
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Ritala JF, Lyne SB, Sajanti A, Girard R, Koskimäki J. Towards a comprehensive understanding of p75 neurotrophin receptor functions and interactions in the brain. Neural Regen Res 2021; 17:701-704. [PMID: 34472454 PMCID: PMC8530109 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.314291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of neurotrophins in neuronal plasticity has recently become a strong focus in neuroregeneration research field to elucidate the biological mechanisms by which these molecules modulate synapses, modify the response to injury, and alter the adaptation response. Intriguingly, the prior studies highlight the role of p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in various injuries and diseases such as central nervous system injuries, Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. More comprehensive elucidation of the mechanisms, and therapies targeting these molecular signaling networks may allow for neuronal tissue regeneration following an injury. Due to a diverse role of the p75NTR in biology, the body of evidence comprising its biological role is diffusely spread out over numerous fields. This review condenses the main evidence of p75NTR for clinical applications and presents new findings from published literature how data mining approach combined with bioinformatic analyses can be utilized to gain new hypotheses in a molecular and network level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel F Ritala
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Seán B Lyne
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Section of Neurosurgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Antti Sajanti
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Romuald Girard
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Section of Neurosurgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Janne Koskimäki
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku; Department of Psychiatry, Central Hospital of Southern Ostrobothnia, Seinäjoki; Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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41
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Wang R, Wu Z, Bai L, Liu R, Ba Y, Zhang H, Cheng X, Zhou G, Huang H. Resveratrol improved hippocampal neurogenesis following lead exposure in rats through activation of SIRT1 signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1664-1673. [PMID: 33978298 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) poses a potential environmental risk factor for cognitive dysfunction during early life and childhood. Resveratrol is considered a promising antioxidant with respect to the prevention of cognitive deficits and act as a potent SIRT1 agonist. Herein, this study aims to investigate the profile of neurogenesis markers following Pb exposure and to determine the regulatory role of resveratrol in this process. We confirmed firstly the protective effects of resveratrol against Pb-induced impairments of hippocampal neurogenesis in Male SD rats. Pb exposure early in life caused the altered expression of Ki-67, NeuN, caspase-3 and SIRT1 signaling, thereby resulting in spatial cognitive impairment of adolescent rats. As expected, resveratrol reduced cognitive damage and promoted neurogenesis in Pb-induced injury by regulation of SIRT1 pathway. Collectively, our study establishes the efficacy of resveratrol as a neuroprotective agent and provides a strong rationale for further studies on SIRT1-mediated mechanisms of neuroprotective functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruike Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zuntao Wu
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Bai
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rundong Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yue Ba
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuemin Cheng
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guoyu Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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42
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Cui YH, Zhou SF, Liu Y, Wang S, Li F, Dai RP, Hu ZL, Li CQ. Injection of Anti-proBDNF Attenuates Hippocampal-Dependent Learning and Memory Dysfunction in Mice With Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:665757. [PMID: 34354558 PMCID: PMC8329425 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.665757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a risk factor for cognitive and memory dysfunction; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was reported to have a positive effect on cognition and emotion regulation, but the study of its precursor, proBDNF, has been limited. This study aimed to elucidate the effects and associated mechanisms of hippocampal proBDNF in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced SAE mouse model. In this study, we found that the mice exhibited cognitive dysfunction on day 7 after LPS injection. The expression of proBDNF and its receptor, p75NTR, was also increased in the hippocampus, while the levels of BDNF and its receptor, TrkB, were decreased. A co-localization study showed that proBDNF and p75NTR were mainly co-localized with neurons. Furthermore, LPS treatment reduced the expression of NeuN, Nissl bodies, GluR4, NR1, NR2A, and NR2B in the hippocampus of SAE mice. Furthermore, an intrahippocampal or intraperitoneal injection of anti-proBDNF antibody was able to ameliorate LPS-induced cognitive dysfunction and restore the expression of NeuN, Nissl bodies, GluR4, NR1, NR2A, NR2B, and PSD95. These results indicated that treatment with brain delivery by an intrahippocampal and systemic injection of mAb-proBDNF may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for treating patients with SAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hui Cui
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shi-Fen Zhou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Medical Research Center and Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ru-Ping Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao-Lan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chang-Qi Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
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43
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Ohto A, Mizoguchi Y, Imamura Y, Kojima N, Yamada S, Monji A. No association of both serum pro-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) and BDNF concentrations with depressive state in community-dwelling elderly people. Psychogeriatrics 2021; 21:503-513. [PMID: 33878808 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is involved in emotional and cognitive function. Low-BDNF levels occur in patients with depression, while proBDNF, a precursor of BDNF with the opposite physiological function, increases in major depression. However, it is unclear whether BDNF and proBDNF are associated with depression in the elderly. The present study aimed to investigate whether serum proBDNF and BDNF are associated with depressive state in community-dwelling elderly people. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Kurogawa-cho Imari, Saga Prefecture, Japan, in people aged ≥65 years. Depressive state was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (Japanese version) (GDS). Of the 274 patients who undertook the GDS, those with a medical history affecting cognitive function were excluded, as were those with Mini-Mental State Examination score ≥ 24 or a Clinical Dementia Rating < 0.5. Further, we used delayed recall of 'logical memory A' from the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (LMII-DR) for memory assessment. RESULTS The final sample consisted of 155 individuals (mean age 75.4 ± 6.8 years; 55 men, mean age 74.8 ± 5.9 years; 100 women, mean age 76.3 ± 7.1 years). In the GDS, 139 participants showed a normal score (0-4) and 16 showed depressive tendencies or depression (score: ≥ 5). After examining confounders of the GDS, logistic regression using categorical covariates showed a negative significant difference between depressive state and serum BDNF in the low-BDNF group only, with a positive correlation in the trend test. None of the analyses showed any association between GDS and proBDNF levels. CONCLUSION ProBDNF and BDNF levels seemed not to be associated with depressive state in community-dwelling elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asami Ohto
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yoshito Mizoguchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yoshiomi Imamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Institute of Comparative Studies of International Cultures and Societies, Kurume University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | - Akira Monji
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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44
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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Signaling in the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease: Beneficial Effects of Flavonoids for Neuroprotection. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115719. [PMID: 34071978 PMCID: PMC8199014 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) via activation through its high-affinity receptor Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) has a pivotal role in cell differentiation, cell survival, synaptic plasticity, and both embryonic and adult neurogenesis in central nervous system neurons. A number of studies have demonstrated the possible involvement of altered expression and action of the BDNF/TrkB signaling in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this review, we introduce an essential role of the BDNF and its downstream signaling in neural function. We also review the current evidence on the deregulated the BDNF signaling in the pathophysiology of AD at gene, mRNA, and protein levels. Further, we discuss a potential usefulness of small compounds, including flavonoids, which can stimulate BDNF-related signaling as a BDNF-targeting therapy.
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45
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Chawla N, Bui NQ, Seetharam M. Evolving role of entrectinib in treatment of NTRK-positive tumors. Future Oncol 2021; 17:2835-2846. [PMID: 33896226 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy has shown to be a very effective treatment in tumors with specific genomic drivers. Trk has proven to be one such target. Efforts to target the Trk fusion with specific inhibitors have shown remarkable responses in a tumor agnostic fashion, with responses seen even in patients with intracranial metastasis. Entrectinib is a first-generation Trk inhibitor with impressive activity in early phase trials performed in patients with NTRK fusion positive solid tumors and ROS1 positive non-small-cell lung cancers with subsequent approval for those indications. Entrectinib was also found to be effective in treatment of brain metastasis and generally well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal Chawla
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Nam Q Bui
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mahesh Seetharam
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
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46
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Li P, Cheng J, Gu Q, Wang P, Lin Z, Fan Q, Chen J, Wang Z. Intermediation of perceived stress between early trauma and plasma M/P ratio levels in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients. J Affect Disord 2021; 285:105-111. [PMID: 33640860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study is to find the correlation among BDNF metabolism, early trauma, and current stress status of OCD patients. As well as to study the BDNF metabolism-stress related pathological mechanism in OCD development. METHODS A total of 140 participants were recruited in this study, including 64 drug-naïve OCD patients (OCDs) and 76 healthy controls (HCs). The clinical data of the subjects were measured using YBOCS, CTQ, and PSS. The plasma mBDNF and proBDNF values were measured by ELISA while the M/P ratio was calculated. RESULTS The mBDNF, proBDNF plasma levels, and M/P ratio of unmedicated OCD individuals decreased evidently comparing with HCs. Also, positive associations were found between PSS and CTQ and between CTQ and M/P ratio. The negative correlation included proBDNF and PSS as well as proBDNF and CTQ. Intermediary analysis generated by SPSS has showed that the perceived stress played a complete mediating role between early trauma and plasma M/P ratio levels, and the mediating effect was 0.043 in non-medication OCD patients. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study suggested that early trauma experience and stress state work together in regulating BDNF metabolism level in OCD patients. The nucleus accumbens and reward loop are also pivotal in the pathogenesis of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puyu Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayue Cheng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiumeng Gu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiguang Lin
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Fan
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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47
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Kuzan A. Toxicity of advanced glycation end products (Review). Biomed Rep 2021; 14:46. [PMID: 33786175 PMCID: PMC7995243 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are proteins or lipids glycated nonenzymatically by glucose, or other reducing sugars and their derivatives, such as glyceraldehyde, glycolaldehyde, methyloglyoxal and acetaldehyde. There are three different means of AGE formation: i) Maillard reactions, the polyol pathway and lipid peroxidation. AGEs participate in the pathological mechanisms underlying the development of several diseases, such as diabetes and its complications, retinopathy or neuropathy, neurological disorders (for example, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease), atherosclerosis, hypertension and several types of cancer. AGE levels are increased in patients with hyperglycaemia, and is likely the result of the high concentration of glycation substrates circulating in the blood. The present review summarises the formation and nomenclature of advanced glycation end-products, with an emphasis on the role of AGEs in the development of diabetes, neurological disorders, as well as in cancer and other pathologies. A particular focus is placed on the functions of toxic AGEs. Additionally, studies which have shown the cytotoxicity of glycated albumin and other AGEs are also discussed. Finally, the diagnostic relevance of AGEs as well as for targeting in therapeutic strategies are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kuzan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław 50-368, Poland
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48
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Karki HP, Jang Y, Jung J, Oh J. Advances in the development paradigm of biosample-based biosensors for early ultrasensitive detection of alzheimer's disease. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:72. [PMID: 33750392 PMCID: PMC7945670 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00814-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review highlights current developments, challenges, and future directions for the use of invasive and noninvasive biosample-based small biosensors for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with biomarkers to incite a conceptual idea from a broad number of readers in this field. We provide the most promising concept about biosensors on the basis of detection scale (from femto to micro) using invasive and noninvasive biosamples such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood, urine, sweat, and tear. It also summarizes sensor types and detailed analyzing techniques for ultrasensitive detection of multiple target biomarkers (i.e., amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide, tau protein, Acetylcholine (Ach), microRNA137, etc.) of AD in terms of detection ranges and limit of detections (LODs). As the most significant disadvantage of CSF and blood-based detection of AD is associated with the invasiveness of sample collection which limits future strategy with home-based early screening of AD, we extensively reviewed the future trend of new noninvasive detection techniques (such as optical screening and bio-imaging process). To overcome the limitation of non-invasive biosamples with low concentrations of AD biomarkers, current efforts to enhance the sensitivity of biosensors and discover new types of biomarkers using non-invasive body fluids are presented. We also introduced future trends facing an infection point in early diagnosis of AD with simultaneous emergence of addressable innovative technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hem Prakash Karki
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, College of Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea
| | - Yeongseok Jang
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, College of Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea
| | - Jinmu Jung
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, College of Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea.
- Department of Nano-bio Mechanical System Engineering, College of Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea.
| | - Jonghyun Oh
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, College of Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea.
- Department of Nano-bio Mechanical System Engineering, College of Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea.
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49
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Li J, Xu C, Zhang J, Jin C, Shi X, Zhang C, Jia S, Xu J, Gui X, Xing L, Lu L, Xu L. Identification of miRNA-Target Gene Pairs in the Parietal and Frontal Lobes of the Brain in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease Using Bioinformatic Analyses. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:964-979. [PMID: 33586092 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03215-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a growing health concern worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been extensively studied in many diseases, including AD. To identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) and genes specific to AD, we used bioinformatic analyses to investigate candidate miRNA-mRNA pairs involved in the pathogenesis of AD. We focused on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that are targets of DEmiRNAs. The GEO2R tool and the HISAT2-DESeq2 software were used to identify DEmiRNAs and DEGs. Bioinformatic tools available online, such as TAM and the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), were used to perform functional annotation and enrichment analysis. Targets of miRNAs were predicted using the miRTarBase. The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and Cytoscape, which are available online, were utilized to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and identify hub genes. Furthermore, transcription factors (TFs) encoded by the DEGs were predicted using the TransmiR database and TF-miRNA-mRNA networks were constructed. Finally, the expression profile of a hub gene in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was compared between healthy individuals and AD patients. We identified 26 correlated miRNA-mRNA pairs. In the parietal lobe, miRNA-mRNA pairs involved in protein folding were enriched, and in the frontal lobe, miRNA-mRNA pairs involved in synaptic transmission, abnormal protein degradation, and apoptosis were enriched. In addition, HSP90AB1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was found to be significantly downregulated in AD patients, and this was consistent with its expression profile in the parietal lobe of AD patients. Our results provide brain region-specific changes in miRNA-mRNA associations in AD patients, further our understanding of potential underlying molecular mechanisms of AD, and reveal promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Teaching Laboratory Center of Medicine and Life Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chunli Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Junfang Zhang
- Teaching Laboratory Center of Medicine and Life Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Caixia Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiujuan Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Research Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Jia
- Teaching Laboratory Center of Medicine and Life Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Teaching Laboratory Center of Medicine and Life Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xin Gui
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Libo Xing
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixia Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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50
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MMP-9 Signaling Pathways That Engage Rho GTPases in Brain Plasticity. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010166. [PMID: 33467671 PMCID: PMC7830260 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) has been identified as a critical factor affecting synaptic function. It forms a functional scaffold that provides both the structural support and the reservoir of signaling molecules necessary for communication between cellular constituents of the central nervous system (CNS). Among numerous ECM components and modifiers that play a role in the physiological and pathological synaptic plasticity, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) has recently emerged as a key molecule. MMP-9 may contribute to the dynamic remodeling of structural and functional plasticity by cleaving ECM components and cell adhesion molecules. Notably, MMP-9 signaling was shown to be indispensable for long-term memory formation that requires synaptic remodeling. The core regulators of the dynamic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and cell adhesion are the Rho family of GTPases. These proteins have been implicated in the control of a wide range of cellular processes occurring in brain physiology and pathology. Here, we discuss the contribution of Rho GTPases to MMP-9-dependent signaling pathways in the brain. We also describe how the regulation of Rho GTPases by post-translational modifications (PTMs) can influence these processes.
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