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Martino E, Balestrieri A, Mele L, Sardu C, Marfella R, D’Onofrio N, Campanile G, Balestrieri ML. Milk Exosomal miR-27b Worsen Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Mediated Colorectal Cancer Cell Death. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235081. [PMID: 36501111 PMCID: PMC9737596 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between dietary constituents and the onset and prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC) is constantly growing. Recently, the antineoplastic profiles of milk and whey from Mediterranean buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) have been brought to attention. However, to date, compared to cow milk, the potential health benefits of buffalo milk exosome-miRNA are still little explored. In the present study, we profiled the exosomal miRNA from buffalo milk and investigated the possible anticancer effects in CRC cells, HCT116, and HT-29. Results indicated that buffalo milk exosomes contained higher levels of miR-27b, miR-15b, and miR-148a compared to cow milk. Mimic miR-27b transfection in CRC cells induced higher cytotoxic effects (p < 0.01) compared to miR-15b and miR-148a. Moreover, miR-27b overexpression in HCT116 and HT-29 cells (miR-27b+) induced apoptosis, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lysosome accumulation. Exposure of miR-27b+ cells to the bioactive 3kDa milk extract aggravated the apoptosis rate (p < 0.01), mitochondrial stress (p < 0.01), and advanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (p < 0.01), via PERK/IRE1/XBP1 and CHOP protein modulation (p < 0.01). Moreover, GSK2606414, the ER-inhibitor (ER-i), decreased the apoptosis phenomenon and XBP1 and CHOP modulation in miR-27b+ cells treated with milk (p < 0.01 vs. miR-27b++Milk), suggesting the ER stress as a cell-death-aggravating mechanism. These results support the in vitro anticancer activity of 3kDa milk extract and unveil the contribution of miR-27b in the promising beneficial effect of buffalo milk in CRC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Martino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Balestrieri
- Food Safety Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Luigi Mele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Luciano Armanni 5, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Piazza Miraglia, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Piazza Miraglia, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia D’Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Zhang S, Mang Y, Li L, Ran J, Zhao Y, Li L, Gao Y, Li W, Chen G, Ma J. Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 changes exosome secretion and microRNA expression carried by exosomes in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:3033-3049. [PMID: 35070428 PMCID: PMC8748037 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the roles and functions of nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) in exosome secretion and exosomal microRNA (miRNA) changes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. METHODS HepG2 and HuH-7 cells were divided into two groups: Lv-control (which were infected with lentivirus without NEAT1 expression) and Lv-NEAT1 (which were infected with lentivirus with NEAT1 overexpression). Each group was used to study cell function (proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis) and exosome secretion by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), electron microscopy, and nanoflow cytometry (nanoFCM). Different levels of messenger RNA (mRNA), miRNA, and exosomal miRNA were detected by RNA sequencing. Next, potential target RNAs were verified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Changed exosomal miRNAs were found and miRNA mimics were used to study cell function in NEAT1-overexpression and NEAT1-knockdown HCC cells. RESULTS The data showed that NEAT1-overexpression promoted exosome secretion. The overexpression of NEAT1 altered global genes, including exosome-related genes. Compared with the control group, we observed that several miRNAs changed in the exosomes secreted by NEAT1-overexpressing cells. Our study found that these changed exosomal miRNAs played a suppressor role in HCC. Transfection of miR-634, miR-638, and miR-3960 reversed the enhanced invasion and proliferation in HCC cells with a high level of NEAT1 expression. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that NEAT1 regulates exosome-related genes, which might be associated with increasing exosome secretion by NEAT1-overexpressing cells. Furthermore, NEAT1 promotes cell invasion and proliferation via downregulation of miR-634, miR-638, and miR-3960 in exosomes. This study may provide potential targets for exosome-mediated miRNA transfer in HCCs with a high level of NEAT1 expression therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengning Zhang
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, the First People's Hospital of Kunming, Clinical Medical Center for Organ Transplantation of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanyi Mang
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, the First People's Hospital of Kunming, Clinical Medical Center for Organ Transplantation of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, the First People's Hospital of Kunming, Clinical Medical Center for Organ Transplantation of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Jianghua Ran
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, the First People's Hospital of Kunming, Clinical Medical Center for Organ Transplantation of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Yingpeng Zhao
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, the First People's Hospital of Kunming, Clinical Medical Center for Organ Transplantation of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Laibang Li
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, the First People's Hospital of Kunming, Clinical Medical Center for Organ Transplantation of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, the First People's Hospital of Kunming, Clinical Medical Center for Organ Transplantation of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, the First People's Hospital of Kunming, Clinical Medical Center for Organ Transplantation of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Guoyu Chen
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, the First People's Hospital of Kunming, Clinical Medical Center for Organ Transplantation of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, the First People's Hospital of Kunming, Clinical Medical Center for Organ Transplantation of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
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Askenase PW. Exosomes provide unappreciated carrier effects that assist transfers of their miRNAs to targeted cells; I. They are 'The Elephant in the Room'. RNA Biol 2021; 18:2038-2053. [PMID: 33944671 PMCID: PMC8582996 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1885189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV), such as exosomes, are emerging biologic entities that mediate important newly recognized functional effects. Exosomes are intracellular endosome-originating, cell-secreted, small nano-size EV. They can transfer cargo molecules like miRNAs to act intracellularly in targeted acceptor cells, to then mediate epigenetic functional alterations. Exosomes among EV, are universal nanoparticles of life that are present across all species. Some critics mistakenly hold exosomes to concepts and standards of cells, whereas they are subcellular nanospheres that are a million times smaller, have neither nuclei nor mitochondria, are far less complex and currently cannot be studied deeply and elegantly by many and diverse technologies developed for cells over many years. There are important concerns about the seeming impossibility of biologically significant exosome transfers of very small amounts of miRNAs resulting in altered targeted cell functions. These hesitations are based on current canonical concepts developed for non-physiological application of miRNAs alone, or artificial non-quantitative genetic expression. Not considered is that the natural physiologic intercellular transit via exosomes can contribute numerous augmenting carrier effects to functional miRNA transfers. Some of these are particularly stimulated complex extracellular and intracellular physiologic processes activated in the exosome acceptor cells that can crucially influence the intracellular effects of the transferred miRNAs. These can lead to molecular chemical changes altering DNA expression for mediating functional changes of the targeted cells. Such exosome mediated molecular transfers of epigenetic functional alterations, are the most exciting and life-altering property that these nano EV bring to virtually all of biology and medicine. .Abbreviations: Ab, Antibody Ag Antigen; APC, Antigen presenting cells; CS, contact sensitivity; DC, Dendritic cells; DTH, Delayed-type hypersensitivity; EV, extracellular vesicles; EV, Extracellular vesicle; FLC, Free light chains of antibodies; GI, gastrointestinal; IP, Intraperitoneal administration; IV, intravenous administration; OMV, Outer membrane vesicles released by bacteria; PE, Phos-phatidylethanolamine; PO, oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip W. Askenase
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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4
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Avenoso A, Campo S, Scuruchi M, Mania M, Innao V, D'Ascola A, Mandraffino G, Allegra AG, Musolino C, Allegra A. Quantitative polymerase Chain reaction profiling of microRNAs in peripheral lymph-monocytes from MGUS subjects. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 218:153317. [PMID: 33360970 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a pre-malignant abnormality of plasma cells, with increased serum levels of immunoglobulins. Patients with MGUS may evolve to multiple myeloma through a multistep process including deregulated gene expression. microRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules involved in post-transcriptional regulation of crucial biological processes, such as morphogenesis, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and cancer. This study aimed to evaluate microRNA expression on peripheral lymph-monocytes from MGUS subjects compared with healthy controls using qPCR arrays. Blood samples were collected by venipuncture from fifteen, newly diagnosed MGUS patients and fifteen healthy subjects. A further group (validation group) of six newly diagnosed MGUS patients and five healthy control were enrolled for the validation of miRNAs and their mRNAs target. The study was conducted performing miProfile miRNA qPCR arrays, followed by validation of miRNAs and related mRNA targets through RT-qPCR. The functional interaction between microRNAs and target gene were obtained by Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA). IPA network analysis identified only molecules and relationships experimentally observed in peripheral lymphomonocytes. The following miRNAs :133a-3p, 16-5p, 291-3p, 23a-3p, 205-5p, 17-5p, 7a-5p, 221-3p, 30c-5p, 126a-3p,155-5p, let-7a-5p and 26a-5p, involved in the regulation of genes with a role in lymphocyte homeostasis, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and multiple myeloma (MM) progression, were differently expressed in MGUS with respect to healthy subjects. This miRNA signature and its relative targets could be considered for the formulation of new therapeutic strategies in the prophylaxis or treatment of monoclonal gammopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Avenoso
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Images, Policlinico Universitario, University of Messina, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Campo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Images, Policlinico Universitario, University of Messina, 98125, Messina, Italy.
| | - Michele Scuruchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Policlinico Universitario, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Manuela Mania
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Images, Policlinico Universitario, University of Messina, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Vanessa Innao
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Località Gazzi, Via Consolare Valeria, Messina, Italy
| | - Angela D'Ascola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Policlinico Universitario, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mandraffino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Policlinico Universitario, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea G Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Località Gazzi, Via Consolare Valeria, Messina, Italy
| | - Caterina Musolino
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Località Gazzi, Via Consolare Valeria, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Località Gazzi, Via Consolare Valeria, Messina, Italy
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Cavallari C, Camussi G, Brizzi MF. Extracellular Vesicles in the Tumour Microenvironment: Eclectic Supervisors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6768. [PMID: 32942702 PMCID: PMC7555174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumour microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell survival and growth by providing inhibitory or stimulatory signals. Extracellular vesicles (EV) represent one of the most relevant cell-to-cell communication mechanism among cells within the TME. Moreover, EV contribute to the crosstalk among cancerous, immune, endothelial, and stromal cells to establish TME diversity. EV contain proteins, mRNAs and miRNAs, which can be locally delivered in the TME and/or transferred to remote sites to dictate tumour behaviour. EV in the TME impact on cancer cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, immune-escape, pre-metastatic niche formation and the stimulation of angiogenesis. Moreover, EV can boost or inhibit tumours depending on the TME conditions and their cell of origin. Therefore, to move towards the identification of new targets and the development of a novel generation of EV-based targeting approaches to gain insight into EV mechanism of action in the TME would be of particular relevance. The aim here is to provide an overview of the current knowledge of EV released from different TME cellular components and their role in driving TME diversity. Moreover, recent proposed engineering approaches to targeting cells in the TME via EV are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy;
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6
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Shin PK, Kim MS, Park SJ, Kwon DY, Kim MJ, Yang HJ, Kim SH, Kim K, Chun S, Lee HJ, Choi SW. A Traditional Korean Diet Alters the Expression of Circulating MicroRNAs Linked to Diabetes Mellitus in a Pilot Trial. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092558. [PMID: 32846929 PMCID: PMC7551128 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional Korean diet (K-diet) is considered to be healthy and circulating microRNAs (miRs) have been proposed as useful markers or targets in diet therapy. We, therefore, investigated the metabolic influence of the K-diet by evaluating the expression of plasma and salivary miRs. Ten women aged 50 to 60 years were divided into either a K-diet or control diet (a Westernized Korean diet) group. Subjects were housed in a metabolic unit-like condition during the two-week dietary intervention. Blood and saliva samples were collected before and after the intervention, and changes in circulating miRs were screened by an miR array and validated by individual RT-qPCRs. In the K-diet group, eight plasma miRs were down-regulated by array (p < 0.05), out of which two miRs linked to diabetes mellitus, hsa-miR26a-5p and hsa-miR126-3p, were validated (p < 0.05). Among five down-regulated salivary miRs, hsa-miR-92-3p and hsa-miR-122a-5p were validated, which are associated with diabetes mellitus, acute coronary syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In the control diet group, validated were down-regulated plasma hsa-miR-25-3p and salivary hsa-miR-31-5p, which are associated with diabetes mellitus, adipogenesis and obesity. The K-diet may influence the metabolic conditions associated with diabetes mellitus, as evidenced by changes in circulating miRs, putative biomarkers for K-diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil-Kyung Shin
- CHA Bio Complex, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea; (P.-K.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Myung Sunny Kim
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.S.K.); (D.Y.K.); (M.J.K.); (H.J.Y.); (S.-H.K.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Seon-Joo Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Dae Young Kwon
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.S.K.); (D.Y.K.); (M.J.K.); (H.J.Y.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.S.K.); (D.Y.K.); (M.J.K.); (H.J.Y.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Hye Jeong Yang
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.S.K.); (D.Y.K.); (M.J.K.); (H.J.Y.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Soon-Hee Kim
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.S.K.); (D.Y.K.); (M.J.K.); (H.J.Y.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - KyongChol Kim
- Department of Healthy Aging, GangNam Major Hospital, Seoul 06279, Korea;
| | - Sukyung Chun
- CHA Bio Complex, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea; (P.-K.S.); (S.C.)
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University, Seoul 06062, Korea
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.-J.L.); (S.-W.C.)
| | - Sang-Woon Choi
- CHA Bio Complex, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea; (P.-K.S.); (S.C.)
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University, Seoul 06062, Korea
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Correspondence: (H.-J.L.); (S.-W.C.)
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7
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Barry AE, Baldeosingh R, Lamm R, Patel K, Zhang K, Dominguez DA, Kirton KJ, Shah AP, Dang H. Hepatic Stellate Cells and Hepatocarcinogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:709. [PMID: 32850829 PMCID: PMC7419619 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are a significant component of the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor microenvironment (TME). Activated HSCs transform into myofibroblast-like cells to promote fibrosis in response to liver injury or chronic inflammation, leading to cirrhosis and HCC. The hepatic TME is comprised of cellular components, including activated HSCs, tumor-associated macrophages, endothelial cells, immune cells, and non-cellular components, such as growth factors, proteolytic enzymes and their inhibitors, and other extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Interactions between HCC cells and their microenvironment have become topics under active investigation. These interactions within the hepatic TME have the potential to drive carcinogenesis and create challenges in generating effective therapies. Current studies reveal potential mechanisms through which activated HSCs drive hepatocarcinogenesis utilizing matricellular proteins and paracrine crosstalk within the TME. Since activated HSCs are primary secretors of ECM proteins during liver injury and inflammation, they help promote fibrogenesis, infiltrate the HCC stroma, and contribute to HCC development. In this review, we examine several recent studies revealing the roles of HSCs and their clinical implications in the development of fibrosis and cirrhosis within the hepatic TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Barry
- Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rajkumar Baldeosingh
- Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ryan Lamm
- Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Keyur Patel
- Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dana A Dominguez
- Department of General Surgery, UCSF East Bay, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Kayla J Kirton
- Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ashesh P Shah
- Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hien Dang
- Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Lin Q, Zhou CR, Bai MJ, Zhu D, Chen JW, Wang HF, Li MA, Wu C, Li ZR, Huang MS. Exosome-mediated miRNA delivery promotes liver cancer EMT and metastasis. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:1080-1095. [PMID: 32269736 PMCID: PMC7137059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The deregulation of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) plays an important role in the progression of hepatocarcinogenesis. In this study, we highlight exosomes as mediators involved in modulating miRNA profiles in liver cancer cells after induction of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis. Initially, we induced EMT in a hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HCC) line (Hep3B) by stimulation with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and confirmed by western blot detection of EMT markers such as vimentin and E-cadherin. Exosomes were then isolated from the cells and identified by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). The isolated exosomal particles from unstimulated Hep3B cells (Hep3B exo) or TGF-β-stimulated EMT Hep3B cells (EMT-Hep3B exo) contained higher levels of exosome marker proteins, CD63 and TSG101. After incubation with EMT-Hep3B exo, Hep3B cell proliferation increased. EMT-Hep3B exo promoted the migration and invasion of Hep3B and 7721 cells. High-throughput sequencing of miRNAs and mRNA within the exosomes showed 119 upregulated and 186 downregulated miRNAs and 156 upregulated and 166 downregulated mRNA sequences in the EMT-Hep3B exo compared with the control Hep3B exo. The most differentially expressed miRNAs and target mRNA sequences were validated by RT-qPCR. Based on the known miRNA targets for specific mRNA sequences, we hypothesized that GADD45A was regulated by miR-374a-5p. Inhibition of miR-374a-5p in Hep3B cells resulted in exosomes that inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. These results enhance our understanding of metastatic progression of liver cancer and provide a foundation for the future development of potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of hepatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qu Lin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
| | - Chu-Ren Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ming-Jun Bai
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
| | - Duo Zhu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jun-Wei Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hao-Fan Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ming-An Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zheng-Ran Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ming-Sheng Huang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China
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9
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Shu Z, Tan J, Miao Y, Zhang Q. The role of microvesicles containing microRNAs in vascular endothelial dysfunction. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7933-7945. [PMID: 31576661 PMCID: PMC6850938 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have shown that endothelial dysfunction is associated with a variety of cardiovascular diseases. The endothelium is one of the primary targets of circulating microvesicles. Besides, microRNAs emerge as important regulators of endothelial cell function. As a delivery system of microRNAs, microvesicles play an active and important role in regulating vascular endothelial function. In recent years, some studies have shown that microvesicles containing microRNAs regulate the pathophysiological changes in vascular endothelium, such as cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration and inflammation. These studies have provided some clues for the possible roles of microvesicles and microRNAs in vascular endothelial dysfunction‐associated diseases, and opened the door towards discovering potential novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we provide an overview of the main characteristics of microvesicles and microRNAs, summarizing their potential role and mechanism in endothelial dysfunction, and discussing the clinical application and existing problems of microvesicles for better translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Shu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Tan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
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10
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Ho M, Chen T, Liu J, Dowling P, Hideshima T, Zhang L, Morelli E, Camci-Unal G, Wu X, Tai YT, Wen K, Samur M, Schlossman RL, Mazitschek R, Kavanagh EL, Lindsay S, Harada T, McCann A, Anderson KC, O'Gorman P, Bianchi G. Targeting histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) in the bone marrow microenvironment inhibits multiple myeloma proliferation by modulating exosomes and IL-6 trans-signaling. Leukemia 2019; 34:196-209. [PMID: 31142847 PMCID: PMC6883144 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0493-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable cancer that derives pro-survival/proliferative signals from the bone marrow (BM) niche. Novel agents targeting not only cancer cells, but also the BM-niche have shown the greatest activity in MM. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are therapeutic targets in MM and we previously showed that HDAC3 inhibition decreases MM proliferation both alone and in co-culture with bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC). In this study, we investigate the effects of HDAC3 targeting in BMSCs. Using both BMSC lines as well as patient-derived BMSCs, we show that HDAC3 expression in BMSCs can be induced by co-culture with MM cells. Knock-out (KO), knock-down (KD), and pharmacologic inhibition of HDAC3 in BMSCs results in decreased MM cell proliferation; including in autologous cultures of patient MM cells with BMSCs. We identified both quantitative and qualitative changes in exosomes and exosomal miRNA, as well as inhibition of IL-6 trans-signaling, as molecular mechanisms mediating anti-MM activity. Furthermore, we show that HDAC3-KD in BM endothelial cells decreases neoangiogenesis, consistent with a broad effect of HDAC3 targeting in the BM-niche. Our results therefore support the clinical development of HDAC3 inhibitors based not only on their direct anti-MM effects, but also their modulation of the BM microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Ho
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield (UCD), Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Tianzeng Chen
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jiye Liu
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Paul Dowling
- Biology Department, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Kildare, Ireland
| | - Teru Hideshima
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Eugenio Morelli
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Gulden Camci-Unal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Avenue, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Xinchen Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Avenue, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA.,Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology Program, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Avenue, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Yu-Tzu Tai
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kenneth Wen
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mehmet Samur
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Robert L Schlossman
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ralph Mazitschek
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emma L Kavanagh
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield (UCD), Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Sinéad Lindsay
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield (UCD), Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Takeshi Harada
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Sciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School of Medicine, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Amanda McCann
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield (UCD), Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Kenneth C Anderson
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Peter O'Gorman
- Haematology Department, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Giada Bianchi
- LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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11
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Zhang L, Lei Q, Wang H, Xu C, Liu T, Kong F, Yang C, Yan G, Sun L, Zhao A, Chen W, Hu Y, Xie H, Cao Y, Fu F, Yuan G, Chen Z, Guo AY, Li Q. Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles inhibit osteogenesis and exacerbate myeloma bone disease. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:196-209. [PMID: 30662562 PMCID: PMC6332790 DOI: 10.7150/thno.27550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As a hallmark driver of multiple myeloma (MM), MM bone disease (MBD) is unique in that it is characterized by severely impaired osteoblast activity resulting from blocked osteogenesis in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). The mechanisms underlying this preferential blockade are incompletely understood. Methods: miRNA expression of MM cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MM-EVs) was detected by RNA sequencing. MM-EVs impaired osteogenesis and exacerbated MBD were in vitro and in vivo validated by histochemical staining, qPCR and micro-CT. We additionally examined the correlation between CD138+ circulating EVs (cirEVs) count and bone lesion in de novo MM patients. Results: Here, by sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, we found that MM-EVs were enriched in various molecules negatively regulating osteogenesis. We experimentally verified that MM-EVs inhibited BM-MSC osteogenesis, induced elevated expression of miR-103a-3p inhibiting osteogenesis in BM-MSCs, and increased cell viability and interleukin-6 secretion in MM cells. In a mouse model, MM-EVs that were injected into the marrow space of the left tibia led to impaired osteogenesis and exacerbated MBD and MM progression. Furthermore, the levels of CD138+ cirEVs in the peripheral blood were positively correlated with the number of MM bone lesions in MM patients. Conclusions: These findings suggest that MM-EVs play a pivotal role in the development of severely impaired osteoblast activity, which represents a novel biomarker for the precise diagnosis of MBD and a compelling rationale for exploring MM-EVs as a therapeutic target.
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12
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Attar-Schneider O, Drucker L, Gottfried M. The effect of mesenchymal stem cells' secretome on lung cancer progression is contingent on their origin: primary or metastatic niche. J Transl Med 2018; 98:1549-1561. [PMID: 30089856 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The fatality of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the role of the cancer microenvironment in its resistance to therapy are long recognized. Accumulating data allocate a significant role for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the malignant environment. Previously, we have demonstrated that MSCs from NSCLC metastatic bone marrow (BM) niche deleteriously affected NSCLC cells. Here, we have decided to examine the effect of MSCs from the primary niche of the lung (healthy or adjacent to tumor) on NSCLC phenotype. We cultured NSCLC cell lines with healthy/NSCLC lung-MSCs conditioned media (secretome) and showed elevation in cells' MAPKs and translation initiation signals, proliferation, viability, death, and migration. We also established enhanced autophagy and epithelial to mesenchymal transition processes. Moreover, we observed that MSCs from tumor adjacent sites (pathological niche) exhibited a more profound effect than MSCs from healthy lung tissue. Our findings underscore the capacity of the lung-MSCs to modulate NSCLC phenotype. Interestingly, both tumor adjacent (pathological) and distant lung-MSCs (healthy) promoted the NSCLC's TI, proliferation, migration, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition, yet the pathological MSCs displayed a greater affect. In conclusion, by comparing the effects of normal lung-MSCs, NSCLC adjacent MSCs, and BM-MSCs, we have established that the primary and metastatic niches display opposite and critical effects that promote the cancerous systemic state. Specifically, the primary site MSCs promote the expansion of the malignant clone and its dispersion, whereas the metastatic site MSCs facilitates the cells re-seeding. We suggest that sabotaging the cross-talk between MSCs and NSCLC affords effective means to inhibit lung cancer progression and will require different targeting strategies in accordance with niche/disease stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oshrat Attar-Schneider
- Lung Cancer Research, Lung Cancer Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, 44281, Israel. .,Oncogenetic Laboratories, Lung Cancer Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, 44281, Israel. .,Department of Oncology, Lung Cancer Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, 44281, Israel.
| | - Liat Drucker
- Oncogenetic Laboratories, Lung Cancer Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, 44281, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Maya Gottfried
- Lung Cancer Research, Lung Cancer Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, 44281, Israel.,Department of Oncology, Lung Cancer Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, 44281, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
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13
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Xu X, Tao Y, Shan L, Chen R, Jiang H, Qian Z, Cai F, Ma L, Yu Y. The Role of MicroRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Cancer 2018; 9:3557-3569. [PMID: 30310513 PMCID: PMC6171016 DOI: 10.7150/jca.26350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers, leading to the second cancer-related death in the global. Although the treatment of HCC has greatly improved over the past few decades, the survival rate of patients is still quite low. Thus, it is urgent to explore new therapies, especially seek for more accurate biomarkers for early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis in HCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs, are pivotal participants and regulators in the development and progression of HCC. Great progress has been made in the studies of miRNAs in HCC. The key regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs include proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, drug resistance and autophagy in HCC. And exosomal miRNAs also play important roles in proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance in HCC by regulating gene expression in the target cells. In addition, some miRNAs, including exosomal miRNAs, can be as potential diagnostic and prediction markers in HCC. This review summarizes the latest researches development of miRNAs in HCC in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Yuquan Tao
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Liang Shan
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Hongyuan Jiang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Zijun Qian
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Feng Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Lifang Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Yongchun Yu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P.R. China
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14
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Morandi F, Marimpietri D, Horenstein AL, Bolzoni M, Toscani D, Costa F, Castella B, Faini AC, Massaia M, Pistoia V, Giuliani N, Malavasi F. Microvesicles released from multiple myeloma cells are equipped with ectoenzymes belonging to canonical and non-canonical adenosinergic pathways and produce adenosine from ATP and NAD . Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1458809. [PMID: 30221054 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1458809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) derives from malignant transformation of plasma cells (PC), which accumulate in the bone marrow (BM), where microenvironment supports tumor growth and inhibits anti-tumor immune responses. Adenosine (ADO), an immunosuppressive molecule, is produced within MM patients' BM by adenosinergic ectoenzymes, starting from ATP (CD39/CD73) or NAD+ [CD38/CD203a(PC-1)/CD73]. These ectoenzymes form a discontinuous network expressed by different BM cells. We investigated the expression and function of ectoenzymes on microvesicles (MVs) isolated from BM plasma samples of patients with MM, using asymptomatic forms of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering MM (SMM) as controls. The percentage of MVs expressing ectoenzymes at high levels was higher when derived from MM patients than controls. BM CD138+ PC from MM patients expressed high levels of all ectoenzymes. Paired MVs samples confirmed a higher percentage of MVs with high ectoenzymes expression in MM patients than controls. Pooled MVs from MM patients or controls were tested for ADO production. The catabolism of ATP, NAD+, ADPR and AMP to ADO was higher in MVs from MM patients than in those from controls. In conclusion, our results confirmed the hypothesis that MVs in MM niche are main contributor of ADO production. The ability of MVs to reach biological fluids strongly support the view that MVs may assume diagnostic and pathogenetic roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Morandi
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - D Marimpietri
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - A L Horenstein
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,CeRMS, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - M Bolzoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - D Toscani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - F Costa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - B Castella
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - A C Faini
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - M Massaia
- CeRMS, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,SC Ematologia AO S. Croce Carle, Cuneo, Italy
| | - V Pistoia
- Immunology Area, Pediatric Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - N Giuliani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - F Malavasi
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,CeRMS, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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15
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Li S, Yao J, Xie M, Liu Y, Zheng M. Exosomal miRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma development and clinical responses. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:54. [PMID: 29642941 PMCID: PMC5896112 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma remains the sixth most lethal malignancy in the world. While HCC is often diagnosed via current biomarkers at a late stage, early detection of HCC has proven to be very difficult. Recent studies have focused on using exosomal miRNAs in clinical diagnostics and therapeutics, because they have improved stability in exosomes than as free miRNAs themselves. Exosomal miRNAs act through novel mechanisms for inducing cellular responses in a variety of biological circumstances. Dysregulated expression of miRNAs in exosomes can also accelerate HCC progression, including cell proliferation and metastasis, via alteration of a network of genes. Growing evidence demonstrates that exosomal miRNAs can affect many aspects of physiological and pathological conditions in HCC and indicates that miRNAs in exosomes can not only serve as sensitive biomarkers for cancer diagnostics and recurrence but can also potentially be used as therapeutics to target HCC progression. In this review, we summarize the latest findings between exosomal miRNAs and HCC, in order to better comprehend the functions and applications in HCC. Moreover, we discuss critical issues to consider when developing anti-tumor exosomal miRNAs as a novel therapeutic strategy for treating HCC in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Li
- Zhejiang University First Affiliated Hospital State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases,Clinical research center for hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiping Yao
- Zhejiang University First Affiliated Hospital State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases,Clinical research center for hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingjie Xie
- Zhejiang University First Affiliated Hospital State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases,Clinical research center for hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanning Liu
- Zhejiang University First Affiliated Hospital State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases,Clinical research center for hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Zheng
- Zhejiang University First Affiliated Hospital State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases,Clinical research center for hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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16
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Ma D, Wang Z, Yang L, Mu X, Wang Y, Zhao X, Li J, Lin D. Responses to crizotinib in patients with ALK-positive lung adenocarcinoma who tested immunohistochemistry (IHC)-positive and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-negative. Oncotarget 2018; 7:64410-64420. [PMID: 27418132 PMCID: PMC5325453 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the Ventana immunohistochemistry (IHC) platform for detecting anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene (ALK) (D5F3) expression was recently approved by the US Food and Drugs Administration (FDA), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is still the "gold-standard" method recommended by the US National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guideline for NSCLC. We evaluated 6 ALK-positive lung adenocarcinoma patients who tested Ventana IHC-positive and FISH-negative and assessed their clinical responses to the ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) crizotinib. Histologic and cytologic specimens from the 6 patients were stained with Ventana anti-ALK(D5F3) rabbit monoclonal primary antibody using the OptiView™ DAB IHC detection kit and OptiView™ amplification kit on a Ventana BenchMark XT processor. In addition, they were also tested by FISH, qRT-PCR, next-generation sequencing (NGS), and RNAscope ISH analysis. All patients received crizotinib treatment and their follow-up clinical data were recorded. The objective response rate achieved with crizotinib therapy was 66.7% (4/6 partial responses and 2/6 stable disease). One patient in whom a new fusion type (EML4->EXOC6B->ALK fusion) was identified obtained a partial response. These findings indicate that patients with ALK-positive lung adenocarcinoma who test Ventana IHC-positive and FISH-negative may still respond to crizotinib therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Hospital of the Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinlin Mu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinming Zhao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junling Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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17
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Caivano A, La Rocca F, Laurenzana I, Trino S, De Luca L, Lamorte D, Del Vecchio L, Musto P. Extracellular Vesicles in Hematological Malignancies: From Biology to Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1183. [PMID: 28574430 PMCID: PMC5486006 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of particles, between 15 nanometers and 10 microns in diameter, released by almost all cell types in physiological and pathological conditions, including tumors. EVs have recently emerged as particularly interesting informative vehicles, so that they could be considered a true "cell biopsy". Indeed, EV cargo, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, generally reflects the nature and status of the origin cells. In some cases, EVs are enriched of peculiar molecular cargo, thus suggesting at least a degree of specific cellular packaging. EVs are identified as important and critical players in intercellular communications in short and long distance interplays. Here, we examine the physiological role of EVs and their activity in cross-talk between bone marrow microenvironment and neoplastic cells in hematological malignancies (HMs). In these diseases, HM EVs can modify tumor and bone marrow microenvironment, making the latter "stronger" in supporting malignancy, inducing drug resistance, and suppressing the immune system. Moreover, EVs are abundant in biologic fluids and protect their molecular cargo against degradation. For these and other "natural" characteristics, EVs could be potential biomarkers in a context of HM liquid biopsy and therapeutic tools. These aspects will be also analyzed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Caivano
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 858028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Francesco La Rocca
- Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, IRCCS-Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Laurenzana
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 858028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Stefania Trino
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 858028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Luciana De Luca
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 858028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Daniela Lamorte
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 858028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Luigi Del Vecchio
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate scarl, Federico II University, 80138 Naples, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS-Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
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18
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Coccaro N, Tota G, Zagaria A, Anelli L, Specchia G, Albano F. SETBP1 dysregulation in congenital disorders and myeloid neoplasms. Oncotarget 2017; 8:51920-51935. [PMID: 28881700 PMCID: PMC5584301 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid malignancies are characterized by an extreme molecular heterogeneity, and many efforts have been made in the past decades to clarify the mechanisms underlying their pathogenesis. In this scenario SET binding protein 1 (SETBP1) has attracted a lot of interest as a new oncogene and potential marker, in addition to its involvement in the Schinzel-Giedon syndrome (SGS). Our review starts with the analysis of the structural characteristics of SETBP1, and extends to its corresponding physiological and pathological functions. Next, we describe the prevalence of SETBP1 mutations in congenital diseases and in hematologic malignancies, exploring how its alterations might contribute to tumor development and provoke clinical effects. Finally, we consider to understand how SETBP1 activation could be exploited in molecular medicine to enhance the cure rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Coccaro
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology Section, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Tota
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology Section, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Zagaria
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology Section, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Anelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology Section, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgina Specchia
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology Section, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Albano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology Section, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Handunnetti SM, Polliack A, Tam CS. Microvesicles in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: ready for prime time in the clinic? Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 58:1281-1282. [PMID: 28271951 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1298756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sasanka M Handunnetti
- a Haematology Department , Peter MacCallum Cancer Center , Melbourne , Australia.,b Haematology Department , St Vincent's Hospital , Fitzroy , Australia.,c University of Melbourne , Parkville , Australia
| | - Aaron Polliack
- d Department of Hematology , Hadassah University Hospital and Hebrew University Medical School , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Constantine S Tam
- a Haematology Department , Peter MacCallum Cancer Center , Melbourne , Australia.,b Haematology Department , St Vincent's Hospital , Fitzroy , Australia.,c University of Melbourne , Parkville , Australia
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20
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Huang JL, Zeng J, Wang F, Huang QT, Lu JB, Li XM, Chen WQ, Zhu CM, Jin JT, Lin SX. Responses to Crizotinib therapy in five patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who tested FISH negative and Ventana immunohistochemistry positive for ALK fusions. Per Med 2017; 14:99-107. [PMID: 29754556 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2016-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Although immunohistochemistry (IHC) and reverse transcription-PCR can detect ALK rearrangements, the ALK break-apart FISH assay is currently considered the standard method. MATERIALS & METHODS Five patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, who had an ALK-negative FISH result that was later confirmed as positive by the Ventana IHC assay, were studied. Four had previously received chemotherapy or radiotherapy. All five were subsequently treated with Crizoitinib 250 mg twice daily. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Four patients had a partial response to Crizotinib and one had stable disease. IHC is an efficient technique for diagnosing ALK rearrangements in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, and may serve as an alternative to FISH in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Lin Huang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Tao Huang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Bin Lu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Baoan Maternal & Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Chen
- Department of Imaging, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong-Mei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-Tian Jin
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Su-Xia Lin
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Ma P, Pan Y, Li W, Sun C, Liu J, Xu T, Shu Y. Extracellular vesicles-mediated noncoding RNAs transfer in cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:57. [PMID: 28231804 PMCID: PMC5324273 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0426-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membranous vesicles secreted from numerous cell types and have been found involved in cell-to-cell communication by transferring noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs. Emerging evidence shows that EV-associated ncRNAs play important roles in a wide range of diseases, particularly in cancer where they function through regulating protein expression of the pivotal genes that make contributions to tumorigenesis. Given their stability and abundance in serum, EV-associated ncRNAs can act as new diagnostic biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for cancer. Herein, we review the properties of EV-associated ncRNAs, their functions, and potential significance in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Ma
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutian Pan
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongqi Sun
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongpeng Xu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Razmkhah F, Soleimani M, Mehrabani D, Karimi MH, Amini Kafi-abad S, Ramzi M, Iravani Saadi M, Kakoui J. Leukemia microvesicles affect healthy hematopoietic stem cells. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:101042831769223. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428317692234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvesicles are released by different cell types and shuttle mRNAs and microRNAs which have the possibility to transfer genetic information to a target cell and alter its function. Acute myeloid leukemia is a malignant disorder, and leukemic cells occupy all the bone marrow microenvironment. In this study, we investigate the effect of leukemia microvesicles on healthy umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells to find evidence of cell information transferring. Leukemia microvesicles were isolated from acute myeloid leukemia patients and were co-incubated with healthy hematopoietic stem cells. After 7 days, cell count, hematopoietic stem cell–specific cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, colony-forming unit assay, and some microRNA gene expressions were assessed. Data showed a higher number of hematopoietic stem cells after being treated with leukemia microvesicles compared with control (treated with no microvesicles) and normal (treated with normal microvesicles) groups. Also, increased levels of microRNA-21 and microRNA-29a genes were observed in this group, while colony-forming ability was still maintained and high ranges of CD34+, CD34+CD38−, CD90+, and CD117+ phenotypes were observed as stemness signs. Our results suggest that leukemia microvesicles are able to induce some effects on healthy hematopoietic stem cells such as promoting cell survival and some microRNAs deregulation, while stemness is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Razmkhah
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Mehrabani
- Stem cell technology research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Sedigheh Amini Kafi-abad
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, Department of Pathology, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mani Ramzi
- Hematology research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahdiyar Iravani Saadi
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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23
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Chen X, Xiong W, Li H. Comparison of microRNA expression profiles in K562-cells-derived microvesicles and parental cells, and analysis of their roles in leukemia. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:4937-4948. [PMID: 28105201 PMCID: PMC5228523 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvesicles (MVs) are 30-1,000-nm extracellular vesicles that are released from a multitude of cell types and perform diverse cellular functions, including intercellular communication, antigen presentation, and transfer of proteins, messenger RNA and microRNA (also known as miR). MicroRNAs have been demonstrated to be aberrantly expressed in leukemia, and the overall microRNA expression profile may differentiate normal blood cells vs. leukemia cells. MVs containing microRNAs may enable intercellular cross-talk in vivo. This prompted us to investigate specific variations of microRNA expression patterns in MVs derived from leukemia cells. The present study examined the microRNA expression profile of MVs from chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells and that of MVs from normal human volunteers' peripheral blood cells. The potential targets of the differentially expressed microRNAs were predicted using computational searches. Bioinformatic analyses of the predicted target genes were performed for further evaluation. The present study analyzed microRNAs of MVs derived from leukemia and normal cells, and characterized specific microRNAs expression. The results revealed that MVs derived from K562 cells expressed 181 microRNAs of the 888 microRNAs assessed. Further analysis revealed that 16 microRNAs were downregulated, while 7 were upregulated in these MVs. In addition, significant differences in microRNA expression profiles between MVs derived from K562 cells and K562 cells were identified. The present results revealed that 77 and 122 microRNAs were only expressed in MVs derived from K562 cells and in K562 cells, respectively. There were 104 microRNAs co-expressed in MVs derived from K562 cells and in K562 cells. Target gene-related pathway analyses demonstrated that the majority of the dysregulated microRNAs were involved in pathways associated with leukemia, particularly the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the p53 signaling pathways. By further conducting microRNA gene network analysis, the present study revealed that the miR-15a/b, miR-16, miR-17 and miR-30 families were likely to play a role in the regulation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Since K562 cells presented the t(9;22) translocation, the current study further examined the predicted function of 12 microRNAs located in chromosomes 9 [Homo sapiens (hsa)-let-7a, hsa-let-7f, miR-126, miR-126*, miR-23b, miR-24, miR-27b and miR-7] and 22 (hsa-let-7b, miR-1249, miR-130b and miR-185), which were expressed both in MVs derived from K562 cells and in K562 cells. The present study identified microRNAs of MVs from leukemia and normal cells, and characterized the expression of specific microRNAs. The current study is also the first to identify and characterize distinct microRNA expression between MVs derived from K562 cells and K562 cells. These findings highlight that a number of microRNAs from leukemia-derived MVs may contribute to the development of hematopoietic malignancies. Further investigation may reveal the function of these differentially expressed microRNAs and may provide potential targets for novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Chen
- Center for Biotherapy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine at Binjiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Huiyu Li
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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24
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Gallo S, Gili M, Lombardo G, Rossetti A, Rosso A, Dentelli P, Togliatto G, Deregibus MC, Taverna D, Camussi G, Brizzi MF. Stem Cell-Derived, microRNA-Carrying Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Approach to Interfering with Mesangial Cell Collagen Production in a Hyperglycaemic Setting. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162417. [PMID: 27611075 PMCID: PMC5017750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are derived from stem cells are proving to be promising therapeutic options. We herein investigate the therapeutic potential of EVs that have been derived from different stem cell sources, bone-marrow (MSC) and human liver (HLSC), on mesangial cells (MCs) exposed to hyperglycaemia. By expressing a dominant negative STAT5 construct (ΔNSTAT5) in HG-cultured MCs, we have demonstrated that miR-21 expression is under the control of STAT5, which translates into Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGFβ) expression and collagen production. A number of approaches have been used to show that both MSC- and HLSC-derived EVs protect MCs from HG-induced damage via the transfer of miR-222. This resulted in STAT5 down-regulation and a decrease in miR-21 content, TGFβ expression and matrix protein synthesis within MCs. Moreover, we demonstrate that changes in the balance between miR-21 and miR-100 in the recipient cell, which are caused by the transfer of EV cargo, further contribute to providing beneficial effects. Interestingly, these effects were only detected in HG-cultured cells. Finally, it was found that HG reduced the expression of the nuclear encoded mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) components, CoxIV. It is worth noting that EV administration can rescue CoxIV expression in HG-cultured MCs. These results thus demonstrate that both MSC- and HLSC-derived EVs transfer the machinery needed to preserve MCs from HG-mediated damage. This occurs via the horizontal transfer of functional miR-222 which directly interferes with damaging cues. Moreover, our data indicate that the release of EV cargo into recipient cells provides additional therapeutic advantages against harmful mitochondrial signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gallo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maddalena Gili
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giusy Lombardo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Rossetti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Arturo Rosso
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Daniela Taverna
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Pillay P, Maharaj N, Moodley J, Mackraj I. Placental exosomes and pre-eclampsia: Maternal circulating levels in normal pregnancies and, early and late onset pre-eclamptic pregnancies. Placenta 2016; 46:18-25. [PMID: 27697217 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicle (20-130 nm) released by biological cells under normal and pathological conditions. Although there have been reports of circulating exosomes in normal pregnancy, the relevance of placental-derived exosomes in normal and abnormal pregnancies still needs to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to quantify total and placental-derived exosomes in maternal plasma from normal (N), early onset- and late onset-preeclampsia (PE). METHOD Plasma samples were obtained from pregnant women in the third trimester, for the isolation of exosomes by differential ultracentrifugation. Total exosomes were quantified using nanoparticle tracking analysis and immuno-reactive exosomal CD63 quantification. Placental-derived exosomes were quantified using placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) as a specific marker. The contribution of placental-derived exosomes to total exosomes in maternal plasma was determined by the ratio of PLAP+ exosomes to CD63+ exosomes. RESULTS The concentration of total exosomes significantly increased in early onset-PE and late onset-PE compared to N (≤33 weeks) and N (≥34 weeks). The relative concentration of placental-derived exosomes significantly increased in early onset-PE but decreased in late onset-PE compared to N. The ratio of PLAP+ exosomes to total number of exosomes significantly decreased in early onset-PE and late onset-PE. A positive correlation between total and placental-derived exosomes were obtained in N (≤33 weeks: Pearson's r = 0.60, ≥34 weeks: Pearson's r = 0.67) and early onset-PE (Pearson's r = 0.51, p < 0.05) with the inverse in late onset-PE (Pearson's r = -0.62, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The differences in the contribution of placental-derived exosomes to total exosomes in maternal circulation suggests a possible pathophysiological role of placental-derived exosomes in pre-eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preenan Pillay
- Discipline of Human Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Niren Maharaj
- Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Jagidesa Moodley
- Women's Health and HIV Research Group, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Irene Mackraj
- Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
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26
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Abstract
An increasing body of literature is addressing the immuno-modulating functions of miRNAs which include paracrine signaling via exosome-mediated intercellular miRNA. In view of the recent evidence of intake and bioavailability of dietary miRNAs in humans and animals we explored the immuno-modulating capacity of plant derived miRNAs. Here we show that transfection of synthetic miRNAs or native miRNA-enriched fractions obtained from a wide range of plant species and organs modifies dendritic cells ability to respond to inflammatory agents by limiting T cell proliferation and consequently dampening inflammation. This immuno-modulatory effect appears associated with binding of plant miRNA on TLR3 with ensuing impairment of TRIF signaling. Similarly, in vivo, plant small RNAs reduce the onset of severity of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelities by limiting dendritic cell migration and dampening Th1 and Th17 responses in a Treg-independent manner. Our results indicate a potential for therapeutic use of plant miRNAs in the prevention of chronic-inflammation related diseases.
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27
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Li X, Wang S, Zhu R, Li H, Han Q, Zhao RC. Lung tumor exosomes induce a pro-inflammatory phenotype in mesenchymal stem cells via NFκB-TLR signaling pathway. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:42. [PMID: 27090786 PMCID: PMC4836087 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In tumor microenvironment, a continuous cross-talk between cancer cells and other cellular components is required to sustain tumor progression. Accumulating evidence suggests that exosomes, a novel way of cell communication, play an important role in such cross-talk. Exosomes could facilitate the direct intercellular transfer of proteins, lipids, and miRNA/mRNA/DNAs between cells. Since mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be attracted to tumor sites and become an important component of the tumor microenvironment, there is an urgent need to reveal the effect of tumor exosomes on MSCs and to further explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods Exosomes were harvested from lung cancer cell line A549 and added to MSCs. Secretion of inflammation-associated cytokines in exosome-treated MSCs were analyzed by RT-PCR and ELISA. The growth-promoting effect of exosome-treated MSCs on lung tumor cells was evaluated by in vivo mouse xenograft model. Signaling pathway involved in exosomes-treated MSCs was detected by PCR array of human toll-like receptor signaling pathway, RT-PCR, and Western blot. Results Data showed that lung tumor cell A549-derived exosomes could induce a pro-inflammatory phenotype in MSCs named P-MSCs, which have significantly elevated secretion of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1. P-MSCs possess a greatly enhanced ability in promoting lung tumor growth in mouse xenograft model. Analysis of the signaling pathways in P-MSCs revealed a fast triggering of NF-κB. Genetic ablation of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) by siRNA and TLR2-neutralizing antibody could block NF-κB activation by exosomes. We further found that Hsp70 present on the surface of lung tumor exosomes contributed to the induction of P-MSCs by A549 exosomes. Conclusions Our studies suggest a novel mechanism by which lung tumor cell-derived exosomes induce pro-inflammatory activity of MSCs which in turn get tumor supportive characteristics. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-016-0269-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Li
- Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory of Beijing, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihua Wang
- Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory of Beijing, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongjia Zhu
- Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory of Beijing, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongling Li
- Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory of Beijing, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Han
- Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory of Beijing, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Robert Chunhua Zhao
- Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory of Beijing, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China. .,Center of Translational medicine Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Marcus H, Attar-Schneider O, Dabbah M, Zismanov V, Tartakover-Matalon S, Lishner M, Drucker L. Mesenchymal stem cells secretomes' affect multiple myeloma translation initiation. Cell Signal 2016; 28:620-30. [PMID: 26976208 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells' (BM-MSCs) role in multiple myeloma (MM) pathogenesis is recognized. Recently, we have published that co-culture of MM cell lines with BM-MSCs results in mutual modulation of phenotype and proteome (via translation initiation (TI) factors eIF4E/eIF4GI) and that there are differences between normal donor BM-MSCs (ND-MSCs) and MM BM-MSCs (MM-MSCs) in this crosstalk. Here, we aimed to assess the involvement of soluble BM-MSCs' (ND, MM) components, more easily targeted, in manipulation of MM cell lines phenotype and TI with specific focus on microvesicles (MVs) capable of transferring critical biological material. We applied ND and MM-MSCs 72h secretomes to MM cell lines (U266 and ARP-1) for 12-72h and then assayed the cells' (viability, cell count, cell death, proliferation, cell cycle, autophagy) and TI (factors: eIF4E, teIF4GI; regulators: mTOR, MNK1/2, 4EBP; targets: cyclin D1, NFκB, SMAD5, cMyc, HIF1α). Furthermore, we dissected the secretome into >100kDa and <100kDa fractions and repeated the experiments. Finally, MVs were isolated from the ND and MM-MSCs secretomes and applied to MM cell lines. Phenotype and TI were assessed. Secretomes of BM-MSCs (ND, MM) significantly stimulated MM cell lines' TI, autophagy and proliferation. The dissected secretome yielded different effects on MM cell lines phenotype and TI according to fraction (>100kDa- repressed; <100kDa- stimulated) but with no association to source (ND, MM). Finally, in analyses of MVs extracted from BM-MSCs (ND, MM) we witnessed differences in accordance with source: ND-MSCs MVs inhibited proliferation, autophagy and TI whereas MM-MSCs MVs stimulated them. These observations highlight the very complex communication between MM and BM-MSCs and underscore its significance to major processes in the malignant cells. Studies into the influential MVs cargo are underway and expected to uncover targetable signals in the regulation of the TI/proliferation/autophagy cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Marcus
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - O Attar-Schneider
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Dabbah
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - V Zismanov
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - S Tartakover-Matalon
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Lishner
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Internal Medicine Department, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - L Drucker
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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