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Jiang MJ, Lin CJ, Liu FR, Mei Z, Gu DN, Tian L. Pancreatic cancer cells hijack tumor suppressive microRNA-26a to promote radioresistance and potentiate tumor repopulation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31346. [PMID: 38807872 PMCID: PMC11130661 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers with significant radioresistance and tumor repopulation after radiotherapy. As a type of short non-coding RNA that regulate various biological and pathological processes, miRNAs might play vital role in radioresistance. We found by miRNA sequencing that microRNA-26a (miR-26a) was upregulated in pancreatic cancer cells after radiation, and returned to normal state after a certain time. miR-26a was defined as a tumor suppressive miRNA by conventional tumor biology experiments. However, transient upregulation of miR-26a after radiation significantly promoted radioresistance, while stable overexpression inhibited radioresistance, highlighting the importance of molecular dynamic changes after treatment. Mechanically, transient upregulation of miR-26a promoted cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair to promote radioresistance. Further experiments confirmed HMGA2 as the direct functional target, which is an oncogene but enhances radiosensitivity. Moreover, PTGS2 was also the target of miR-26a, which might potentiate tumor repopulation via delaying the synthesis of PGE2. Overall, this study revealed that transient upregulation of miR-26a after radiation promoted radioresistance and potentiated tumor repopulation, highlighting the importance of dynamic changes of molecules upon radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-jie Jiang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chen-jing Lin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Fu-rao Liu
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhu Mei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Dian-na Gu
- Department of Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Ling Tian
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
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Ding Y, Zhou G, Hu W. Epigenetic regulation of TGF-β pathway and its role in radiation response. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:834-848. [PMID: 38506660 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2024.2327395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Transforming growth factor (TGF-β) plays a dual role in tumor progression as well as a pivotal role in radiation response. TGF-β-related epigenetic regulations, including DNA methylation, histone modifications (including methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination), chromatin remodeling and non-coding RNA regulation, have been found to affect the occurrence and development of tumors as well as their radiation response in multiple dimensions. Due to the significance of radiotherapy in tumor treatment and the essential roles of TGF-β signaling in radiation response, it is important to better understand the role of epigenetic regulation mechanisms mediated by TGF-β signaling pathways in radiation-induced targeted and non-targeted effects. CONCLUSIONS By revealing the epigenetic mechanism related to TGF-β-mediated radiation response, summarizing the existing relevant adjuvant strategies for radiotherapy based on TGF-β signaling, and discovering potential therapeutic targets, we hope to provide a new perspective for improving clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guangming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wentao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Peng H, Liu Y, Song Z. SPP2 plays a role in the tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma: A bioinformatic based analysis. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:1779-1792. [PMID: 38448371 PMCID: PMC10930748 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.230077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients at the same stage exhibit different prognosis, and the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to identify the key genes impacting the prognosis of HCC patients. METHODS Differentially expressed gene analyses were performed between HCC samples and normal ones, and between patients with long overall survival (OS) and those with short OS, in TCGA-LIHC and GSE14520 datasets. The Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test was used to evaluate the role of secreted phosphoprotein 2 (SPP2) in the prognosis of HCC patients. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to understand the difference of enriched signaling pathways between SPP2-stratified HCC subgroups. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to predict the potential functional pathways in which SPP2 might participate. RESULTS SPP2 was significantly down-regulated in tumors when compared with normal tissues, or in tumor samples with short OS when compared with those with long OS [fold change (FC)>2 and false discovery rate (FDR)<0.05]. Low expression of SPP2 was associated with worse clinicopathological features like vascular invasion (P=1.6e-05), poor cancer status (with tumor, P=0.021), advanced T stage (T3 or T4, P=4.5e-04), advanced TNM stage (stage III or IV, P=3.1e-04), and with unfavorable prognosis (shorter OS, P=0.002). Gene enrichment analyses revealed that SPP2 might involve in the metabolic homeostasis of HCC and in the development of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. CONCLUSIONS SPP2 might inhibit the development of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis and the tumorigenesis of HCC, and analogs of SPP2 might be potential drugs in the prevention of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghua Peng
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013.
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zewen Song
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013.
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Wang MY, Liu WJ, Wu LY, Wang G, Zhang CL, Liu J. The Research Progress in Transforming Growth Factor-β2. Cells 2023; 12:2739. [PMID: 38067167 PMCID: PMC10706148 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2), an important member of the TGF-β family, is a secreted protein that is involved in many biological processes, such as cell growth, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. TGF-β2 had been thought to be functionally identical to TGF-β1; however, an increasing number of recent studies uncovered the distinctive features of TGF-β2 in terms of its expression, activation, and biological functions. Mice deficient in TGF-β2 showed remarkable developmental abnormalities in multiple organs, especially the cardiovascular system. Dysregulation of TGF-β2 signalling was associated with tumorigenesis, eye diseases, cardiovascular diseases, immune disorders, as well as motor system diseases. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the research progress in TGF-β2 to support further research on TGF-β2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.-Y.W.); (W.-J.L.); (L.-Y.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Wen-Juan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.-Y.W.); (W.-J.L.); (L.-Y.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Le-Yi Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.-Y.W.); (W.-J.L.); (L.-Y.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.-Y.W.); (W.-J.L.); (L.-Y.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Cheng-Lin Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.-Y.W.); (W.-J.L.); (L.-Y.W.); (J.L.)
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.-Y.W.); (W.-J.L.); (L.-Y.W.); (J.L.)
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Abulsoud AI, Elshaer SS, Abdelmaksoud NM, Zaki MB, El-Mahdy HA, Ismail A, Al-Noshokaty TM, Fathi D, Abdel-Reheim MA, Mohammed OA, Doghish AS. Investigating the regulatory role of miRNAs as silent conductors in the management of pathogenesis and therapeutic resistance of pancreatic cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154855. [PMID: 37806169 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has the greatest mortality rate of all the main malignancies. Its advanced stage and poor prognosis place it at the bottom of all cancer sites. Hence, emerging biomarkers can enable precision medicine where PC therapy is tailored to each patient. This highlights the need for new, highly sensitive and specific biomarkers for early PC diagnosis. Prognostic indicators are also required to stratify PC patients. To avoid ineffective treatment, adverse events, and expenses, biomarkers are also required for patient monitoring and identifying responders to treatment. There is substantial evidence that microRNAs (miRs, miRNAs) play a critical role in regulating mRNA and, as a consequence, protein expression in normal and malignant tissues. Deregulated miRNA profiling in PC can help with diagnosis, treatment planning, and prognosis. Furthermore, knowledge of the primary effector genes and downstream pathways in PC can help pinpoint potential miRNAs for use in treatment. Different miRNA expression profiles may serve as diagnostic, prognostic markers, and therapeutic targets across the spectrum of malignant pancreatic illness. Dysregulation of miRNAs has been linked to the malignant pathophysiology of PC through affecting many cellular functions such as increasing invasive and proliferative prospect, supporting angiogenesis, cell cycle aberrance, apoptosis elusion, metastasis promotion, and low sensitivity to particular treatments. Accordingly, in the current review, we summarize the recent advances in the roles of oncogenic and tumor suppressor (TS) miRNAs in PC and discuss their potential as worthy diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for PC, as well as their significance in PC pathogenesis and anticancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr city, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Abdelmaksoud
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tohada M Al-Noshokaty
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Doaa Fathi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
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Soureas K, Papadimitriou MA, Panoutsopoulou K, Pilala KM, Scorilas A, Avgeris M. Cancer quiescence: non-coding RNAs in the spotlight. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:843-858. [PMID: 37516569 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Cancer quiescence reflects the ability of cancer cells to enter a reversible slow-cycling or mitotically dormant state and represents a powerful self-protecting mechanism preventing cancer cell 'damage' from hypoxic conditions, nutrient deprivation, immune surveillance, and (chemo)therapy. When stress conditions are restrained, and tumor microenvironment becomes beneficial, quiescent cancer cells re-enter cell cycle to facilitate tumor spread and cancer progression/metastasis. Recent studies have highlighted the dynamic role of regulatory non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in orchestrating cancer quiescence. The elucidation of regulatory ncRNA networks will shed light on the quiescence-proliferation equilibrium and, ultimately, pave the way for new treatment options. Herein, we have summarized the ever-growing role of ncRNAs upon cancer quiescence regulation and their impact on treatment resistance and modern cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Soureas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry - Molecular Diagnostics, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'P. & A. Kyriakou' Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria-Alexandra Papadimitriou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Panoutsopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina-Marina Pilala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Margaritis Avgeris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry - Molecular Diagnostics, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'P. & A. Kyriakou' Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
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Liu J, Ye L, Lin K, Zhong T, Luo J, Wang T, Suo L, Mo Q, Li S, Chen Q, Yu Y. miR-4299 inhibits tumor progression in pancreatic cancer through targeting ADAM17. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:1727-1742. [PMID: 36565360 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04617-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors in human beings. Tumor capacity of evading immune-mediated lysis is a critical step in PC malignant progression. We aimed to evaluate the underlying regulatory mechanism of miR-4299 in the proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, and immune escape in PC. miR-4299 and ADAM17 expressions in PC tissues and cell lines were detected using qRT-PCR. MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to detect cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. A luciferase reporter gene assay was conducted to confirm the targeted relationship between miR-4299 and ADAM17. Xenograft tumors in nude mice were used to detect tumorigenesis in vivo. PC cells were co-cultured with NK cells for determining the immune escape ability. NKG2D-positive rate of NK cells was detected using flow cytometry; NK cell-killing ability was detected using MTT assay. miR-4299 was downregulated in PC tissues and cell lines. miR-4299 inhibited PC cell proliferation and invasion, promoted cell apoptosis, and reduced PC tumor growth in vivo. ADAM17 3'UTR directly bound to miR-4299. ADAM17 overexpression could reverse miR-4299 effects on PC cell viability, invasion, apoptosis, and immune escape. miR-4299 exerted suppressive effects on PC cell proliferation, invasion, and immune escape via targeting ADAM17 expression. This study revealed a novel miR-4299/ADAM17 axis-modulating PC progression and proposed to concern the immune regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in PC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, China
| | - Kangqiang Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, China
| | - Tieshan Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, China
| | - Jiguang Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, China
| | - Liya Suo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, China
| | - Qingrong Mo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, China
| | - Shuqun Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, China
| | - Yaqun Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China.
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Gautam SK, Batra SK, Jain M. Molecular and metabolic regulation of immunosuppression in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:118. [PMID: 37488598 PMCID: PMC10367391 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01813-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppression is a hallmark of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), contributing to early metastasis and poor patient survival. Compared to the localized tumors, current standard-of-care therapies have failed to improve the survival of patients with metastatic PDAC, that necessecitates exploration of novel therapeutic approaches. While immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and therapeutic vaccines have emerged as promising treatment modalities in certain cancers, limited responses have been achieved in PDAC. Therefore, specific mechanisms regulating the poor response to immunotherapy must be explored. The immunosuppressive microenvironment driven by oncogenic mutations, tumor secretome, non-coding RNAs, and tumor microbiome persists throughout PDAC progression, allowing neoplastic cells to grow locally and metastasize distantly. The metastatic cells escaping the host immune surveillance are unique in molecular, immunological, and metabolic characteristics. Following chemokine and exosomal guidance, these cells metastasize to the organ-specific pre-metastatic niches (PMNs) constituted by local resident cells, stromal fibroblasts, and suppressive immune cells, such as the metastasis-associated macrophages, neutrophils, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. The metastatic immune microenvironment differs from primary tumors in stromal and immune cell composition, functionality, and metabolism. Thus far, multiple molecular and metabolic pathways, distinct from primary tumors, have been identified that dampen immune effector functions, confounding the immunotherapy response in metastatic PDAC. This review describes major immunoregulatory pathways that contribute to the metastatic progression and limit immunotherapy outcomes in PDAC. Overall, we highlight the therapeutic vulnerabilities attributable to immunosuppressive factors and discuss whether targeting these molecular and immunological "hot spots" could improve the outcomes of PDAC immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra K Gautam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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Hu H, Mao G, Zheng J, Guo F. Keloid Patient Plasma-Derived Exosomal hsa_circ_0020792 Promotes Normal Skin Fibroblasts Proliferation, Migration, and Fibrogenesis via Modulating miR-193a-5p and Activating TGF-β1/Smad2/3 Signaling. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:4223-4234. [PMID: 36524216 PMCID: PMC9744884 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s386786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Keloids are fibroproliferative disorders, which seriously affect the quality of life of patients with keloids. Additionally, circRNAs are enriched within exosomes derived from human blood samples, whereas their relationship with keloids remains largely unknown. It has been reported that hsa_circ_0020792 was abnormally upregulated in keloid tissues. However, the role of keloid patient plasma-derived exosomal hsa_circ_0020792 in the formation and development of keloids is not well understood. Methods Exosomes were isolated from the peripheral blood plasma of the patients with keloids (keloid patient-Exo) and healthy controls (Healthy control-Exo). The hsa_circ_0020792 and miR-193a-5p levels in keloid patient-Exo and healthy control-Exo, as well as in keloid fibroblasts and normal skin fibroblasts (NFs) were evaluated by RT-qPCR. Results The level of hsa_circ_0020792 was remarkably increased in keloid patient-Exo and keloid fibroblasts compared with that in Healthy control-Exo and NFs, respectively. In addition, keloid patient-Exo obviously enhanced the viability, migration, and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, but reduced the apoptosis of NFs. Moreover, keloid patient-Exo notably promoted the fibrogenesis of NFs, as characterized by enhanced TGF-β signaling, increased expressions of phosphorylated Smad2/3. However, downregulation of hsa_circ_0020792 markedly reversed the promoting effects of keloid patient-Exo on cell growth, migration, and myofibroblast activation and fibrogenesis. Furthermore, downregulation of hsa_circ_0020792 significantly reduced the viability, migration, and fibrogenesis in NFs, whereas these phenomena were reversed by miR-193a-5p inhibitor. Conclusion Collectively, keloid patient plasma-derived exosomal hsa_circ_0020792 could promote the proliferation, migration, and fibrogenesis of NFs via modulating miR-193a-5p and activating TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Hu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Mao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianghong Zheng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Jianghong Zheng; Feng Guo, Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200233, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Marin AM, Mattar SB, Amatuzzi RF, Chammas R, Uno M, Zanette DL, Aoki MN. Plasma Exosome-Derived microRNAs as Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Brazilian Pancreatic Cancer Patients. Biomolecules 2022; 12:769. [PMID: 35740894 PMCID: PMC9221134 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer represents one of the leading causes of oncological death worldwide. A combination of pancreatic cancer aggressiveness and late diagnosis are key factors leading to a low survival rate and treatment inefficiency, and early diagnosis is pursued as a critical factor for pancreatic cancer. In this context, plasma microRNAs are emerging as promising players due to their non-invasive and practical usage in oncological diagnosis and prognosis. Recent studies have showed some miRNAs associated with pancreatic cancer subtypes, or with stages of the disease. Here we demonstrate plasma exosome-derived microRNA expression in pancreatic cancer patients and healthy individuals from Brazilian patients. Using plasma of 65 pancreatic cancer patients and 78 healthy controls, plasma exosomes were isolated and miRNAs miR-27b, miR-125b-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-19b, and miR-205-5p were quantified by RT-qPCR. We found that miR-125b-3p, miR-122-5p, and miR-205-5p were statistically overexpressed in the plasma exosomes of pancreatic cancer patients compared to healthy controls. Moreover, miR-205-5p was significantly overexpressed in European descendants, in patients with tumor progression and in those who died from the disease, and diagnostic ability by ROC curve was 0.86. Therefore, we demonstrate that these three microRNAs are potential plasma exosome-derived non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of Brazilian pancreatic cancer, demonstrating the importance of different populations and epidemiological bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelis Maria Marin
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81310-020, Brazil; (A.M.M.); (S.B.M.); (D.L.Z.)
| | - Sibelle Botogosque Mattar
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81310-020, Brazil; (A.M.M.); (S.B.M.); (D.L.Z.)
| | - Rafaela Ferreira Amatuzzi
- Laboratory of Expression Regulation, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81310-020, Brazil;
| | - Roger Chammas
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Instituto Do Câncer Do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (R.C.); (M.U.)
| | - Miyuki Uno
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Instituto Do Câncer Do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (R.C.); (M.U.)
| | - Dalila Luciola Zanette
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81310-020, Brazil; (A.M.M.); (S.B.M.); (D.L.Z.)
| | - Mateus Nóbrega Aoki
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81310-020, Brazil; (A.M.M.); (S.B.M.); (D.L.Z.)
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11
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Zhu D, Xia J, Liu C, Fang C. Numb/Notch/PLK1 signaling pathway mediated hyperglycemic memory in pancreatic cancer cell radioresistance and the therapeutic effects of metformin. Cell Signal 2022; 93:110268. [PMID: 35143930 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus has presented a positive role in the progression of pancreatic cancer and "Hyperglycemic memory" could be an important cause for diabetic damage. While limited information is available regarding the role of "hyperglycemic memory" in the pancreatic cancer and its radio-resistance. We therefore investigated correlation among hyperglycemic memory, Numb and metformin in pancreatic cancer radio-resistance. METHODS High glucose and hyperglycemic memory models were established in vitro and in vivo. Western blot, real-time PCR were accordingly used to detect Numb /Notch/ Polo-like kinase1 (PLK1) signaling at the level of molecular, cellular and experimental animal model, respectively. The apoptosis rate was evaluated by TUNEL assay and Capase-3 activity. The therapeutic effect of metformin was revealed by detecting the level of Numb / Notch /PLK1 through Western blot and real-time PCR. RESULTS Inactivation of Numb promotes the pancreatic cancer radio-resistance through hyperglycemic memory and metformin could suppress the radio-resistance by activating Numb in vitro and in vivo. In addition, PLK1 and Notch signaling pathway (Notch1, HEY1) elevated in pancreatic cancer radio-resistance condition, which was induced by hyperglycemic memory. Moreover, Numb overexpression or metformin could suppress Notch pathway to alleviate pancreatic cancer radio-resistance. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that Numb might be a promising target for the improvement of hyperglycemic memory damage and the effect of metformin deserved urgent attention on pancreatic cancer radio-resistance therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Jie Xia
- Department of Digestive Endoscopic Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chi Fang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Interplay between ceRNA and Epigenetic Control of microRNA: Modelling Approaches with Application to the Role of Estrogen in Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042277. [PMID: 35216394 PMCID: PMC8876507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in gene regulation by degradation or translational inhibition of the targeted mRNAs. It has been experimentally shown that the way miRNAs interact with their targets can be used to explain the indirect interactions among their targets, i.e., competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). However, whether the protein translated from the targeted mRNAs can play any role in this ceRNA network has not been explored. Here we propose a deterministic model to demonstrate that in a network of one miRNA interacting with multiple-targeted mRNAs, the competition between miRNA-targeted mRNAs is not sufficient for the significant change of those targeted mRNA levels, while dramatic changes of these miRNA-targeted mRNAs require transcriptional inhibition of miRNA by its target proteins. When applied to estrogen receptor signaling pathways, the miR-193a targets E2F6 (a target of estrogen receptor), c-KIT (a marker for cancer stemness), and PBX1 (a transcriptional activator for immunosuppressive cytokine, IL-10) in ovarian cancer, such that epigenetic silencing of miR-193a by E2F6 protein is required for the significant change of c-KIT and PBX1 mRNA level for cancer stemness and immunoevasion, respectively, in ovarian cancer carcinogenesis.
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13
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Correction to: microRNA-193a stimulates pancreatic cancer cell repopulation and metastasis through modulating TGF-β2/TGF-βRIII signalings. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:402. [PMID: 34969407 PMCID: PMC8719391 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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14
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Haak VM, Huang S, Panigrahy D. Debris-stimulated tumor growth: a Pandora's box? Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:791-801. [PMID: 34665387 PMCID: PMC8524220 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-09998-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Current cancer therapies aim at eradicating cancer cells from the body. However, killing cells generates cell “debris” which can promote tumor progression. Thus, therapy can be a double-edged sword. Specifically, injury and debris generated by cancer therapies, including chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery, may offset their benefit by promoting the secretion of pro-tumorigenic factors (e.g., eicosanoid-driven cytokines) that stimulate regrowth and metastasis of surviving cells. The debris produced by cytotoxic cancer therapy can also contribute to a tumor microenvironment that promotes tumor progression and recurrence. Although not well understood, several molecular mechanisms have been implicated in debris-stimulated tumor growth that we review here, such as the involvement of extracellular vesicles, exosomal miR-194-5p, Bax, Bak, Smac, HMGB1, cytokines, and caspase-3. We discuss the cases of pancreatic and other cancer types where debris promotes postoperative tumor recurrence and metastasis, thus offering a new opportunity to prevent cancer progression intrinsically linked to treatment by stimulating resolution of tumor-promoting debris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria M Haak
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Sui Huang
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dipak Panigrahy
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Wang Z, Li M, Liu Y, Qiao Z, Bai T, Yang L, Liu B. Dihydroartemisinin triggers ferroptosis in primary liver cancer cells by promoting and unfolded protein response‑induced upregulation of CHAC1 expression. Oncol Rep 2021; 46:240. [PMID: 34558645 PMCID: PMC8485000 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), an artemisinin derivate, has been investigated as a potential antitumor drug in primary liver cancer (PLC). Ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent cell death that can be driven by lipid peroxidation inducers. The present study aimed to determine whether and how DHA could promote the death of PLC cells by inducing ferroptosis. In total, four PLC cell lines with different p53 statuses, including Hep3B (p53 null), Huh7 (p53 mutant), PLC/PRF/5 (p53 mutant) and HepG2 (p53 wild-type), were treated with various concentrations of DHA. The effects of DHA on all three branches of the unfolded protein response (UPR) were evaluated. To deactivate the UPRs, small interfering RNA was used to knockdown the expression of activating transcription factor (ATF)4, X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) or ATF6 in PLC cells. The effect of DHA on the promoter activity of Chac glutathione specific γ-glutamylcyclotransferase 1 (CHAC1) was evaluated using a dual luciferase reporter assay. The results revealed that DHA-induced death in PLC cells was irrelevant of the p53 status. PLC cells exposed to DHA displayed classic features of ferroptosis, such as increased lipid reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels, an iron overload, and decreased activity or expression of glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase 4, solute carrier family (SLC) 7 member 11 and SLC family 3 member 2. The antitumor effects of DHA in PLC cells were significantly weakened by two typical ferroptosis inhibitors, ferrostatin-1 and deferoxamine mesylate salt, whereas the antitumor effects were augmented following iron overload. Furthermore, DHA activated all three branches of the UPR (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 α kinase 3/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A/ATF4, inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease 1α/XBP1 and ATF6 branches) in vitro. Notably, DHA-induced ferroptosis was significantly attenuated following the knockdown of ATF4, XBP1 or ATF6 expression. In addition, the promoter activity of CHAC1, a gene capable of degrading GSH, was enhanced by DHA, but weakened when the aforementioned three UPR transcription factors were knocked down. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that DHA may effectively induce ferroptosis in PLC cells through the activation of anti-survival UPRs and the upregulation of CHAC1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yuanfeng Liu
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Zhentao Qiao
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Tao Bai
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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16
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Umapathy D, Karthikeyan MC, Ponnuchamy K, Arockiam AJV. Transcriptional expression of miRNAs under glucose depletion/2-deoxy-d-glucose in HCC: A possible genetic footprints of angiogenesis and its hallmarks. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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17
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miR-193a Directly Targets PSEN1 and Inhibits Gastric Cancer Cell Growth, the Activation of PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway, and the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:2804478. [PMID: 34335753 PMCID: PMC8298175 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2804478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer, a kind of gastrointestinal malignancy, is the second type of leading death cancer. miR-193a is a key tumor suppressor in several diseases. PSEN1 is mainly related to Alzheimer's disease and may be involved in the cleavage of the Notch receptor. Material and Methods. RT-PCR and western blot were applied to evaluate miR-193a and the expression level of PSEN1. Luciferase reporter assay was applied to verify whether PSEN1 was a target of miR-193a. The Kaplan–Meier method was employed to calculate the 5-year overall survival of gastric cancer patients. Results miR-193a was downregulated in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines, and downregulation of miR-193a predicted poor 5-year overall survival of gastric cancer. miR-193a inhibited the proliferation and the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in gastric cancer cells. miR-193a inhibited gastric cancer tumor growth in vivo. miR-193a impaired cell invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HGC-27 cells. In addition, PSEN1 was a direct target of miR-193a and PSEN1 reversed partial functions of miR-193a in cell proliferation and invasion. Conclusion miR-193a prominently decreased the proliferation, invasion, and activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and the abilities of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells. The newly identified miR-193a/PSEN1 axis provides novel insight into the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.
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18
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Zhang X, Hu Z, Li W, Liu Z, Li J, Wang Z, Martin VT, Yan B, Yu B. Circular RNA 0102049 suppresses the progression of osteosarcoma through modulating miR-520g-3p/PLK2 axis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:2022-2032. [PMID: 34060415 PMCID: PMC8806202 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1923259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNAs generated from back splicing to enhance or inhibit the progression of multiple human cancers including osteosarcoma (OS). Although circ_0102049 has been found to be highly expressed in OS cell lines, the role and specific mechanism of circ_0102049 in OS remains unclear. Here, we found that silence of circ_0102049 could significantly exacerbate the tumorigenesis of OS in vivo through sponging microRNA-520g-3p. Polo-like kinase 2 (PLK2) was predicted to be a target of miR-520g-3p, and luciferase reporter assay revealed that overexpression of miR-520g-3p dramatically suppressed the expression of PLK2, whereas miR-520g-3p inhibitor promoted the PLK2 expression. Moreover, the silence of circ_0102049 could markedly promote the proliferation, invasion, migration and cell-cycle promotion while inhibiting the apoptosis of OS cell line MG63 cells in vitro through regulating miR-520g-3p/PLK2 axis. Taken together, the present study indicated that circ_0102049 suppressed the progression of osteosarcoma via modulating miR-520g-3p/PLK2/TAp73 axis, providing a potential therapeutic target for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianliao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengbo Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoguan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Wenhu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoguan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Zhongxun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaozhen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Vidmi Taolam Martin
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Li Z, Zheng W, Wang H, Cheng Y, Fang Y, Wu F, Sun G, Sun G, Lv C, Hui B. Application of Animal Models in Cancer Research: Recent Progress and Future Prospects. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:2455-2475. [PMID: 33758544 PMCID: PMC7979343 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s302565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models refers to the animal experimental objects and related materials that can simulate human body established in medical research. As the second-largest disease in terms of morbidity and mortality after cardiovascular disease, cancer has always been the focus of human attention all over the world, which makes it a research hotspot in the medical field. At the same time, more and more animal models have been constructed and used in cancer research. With the deepening of research, the construction methods of cancer animal models are becoming more and more diverse, including chemical induction, xenotransplantation, gene programming, and so on. In recent years, patient-derived xenotransplantation (PDX) model has become a research hotspot because it can retain the microenvironment of the primary tumor and the basic characteristics of cells. Animal models can be used not only to study the biochemical and physiological processes of the occurrence and development of cancer in objects but also for the screening of cancer drugs and the exploration of gene therapy. In this paper, several main tumor animal models and the application progress of animal models in tumor research are systematically reviewed. Finally, combined with the latest progress and development trend in this field, the future research of tumor animal model was prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wubin Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanjin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijiao Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangshun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyu Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingqing Hui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Therapeutic Approaches for Metastases from Colorectal Cancer and Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13010103. [PMID: 33466892 PMCID: PMC7830403 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the process of dissemination of a tumor, whereby cells from the primary site dislodge and find their way to other tissues where secondary tumors establish. Metastasis is the primary cause of death related to cancer. This process warrants changes in original tumoral cells and their microenvironment to establish a metastatic niche. Traditionally, cancer therapy has focused on metastasis prevention by systematic treatments or direct surgical re-sectioning. However, metastasis can still occur. More recently, new therapies direct their attention to targeting cancer stem cells. As they propose, these cells could be the orchestrators of the metastatic niche. In this review, we describe conventional and novel developments in cancer therapeutics for liver and lung metastasis. We further discuss the resistance mechanisms of targeted therapy, the advantages, and disadvantages of diverse treatment approaches, and future novel strategies to enhance cancer prognosis.
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21
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Hou X, Yang L, Wang K, Zhou Y, Li Q, Kong F, Liu X, He J. HELLS, a chromatin remodeler is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer and downregulation of it impairs tumor growth and sensitizes to cisplatin by reexpressing the tumor suppressor TGFBR3. Cancer Med 2021; 10:350-364. [PMID: 33280236 PMCID: PMC7826454 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the most malignant cancer type in the digestive system with a poor prognosis. Chemotherapy such as cisplatin is the last chance for PC patients diagnosed with advanced or metastatic disease. Obtaining a deep understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying PC tumorigenesis and identifying optimal biomarkers to estimate chemotherapy sensitivity are essential for PC treatment. The chromatin remodeler HELLS was found to regulate various tumor suppressors through an epigenetic pathway in several cancers. We analyzed HELLS expression in clinical samples by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. Next, we identified the variation in tumor growth and cisplatin sensitivity after knockdown of HELLS and explored the downstream mediators of HELLS in PC via RNA-seq, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and gain- and loss-of-function assays. We found that HELLS is upregulated in PC tissues and correlates with advanced clinical stage and a poor prognosis, and the knockdown of HELLS leads to tumor growth arrest and increased sensitivity to cisplatin. Mechanistically, the tumor suppressor TGFBR3 is markedly reexpressed after HELLS knockdown; conversely, compromising TGFBR3 rescues HELLS knockdown-mediated effects in PC cells. Thus, our data provide evidence that HELLS can serve as a potential oncogene and suitable biomarker to evaluate chemotherapy sensitivity via epigenetically silencing the tumor suppressor TGFBR3 in PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Hou
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Leping Yang
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- Department of General SurgeryTaizhou Central HospitalTaizhou University HospitalTaizhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Qinglong Li
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Fanhua Kong
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Jun He
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
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22
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Nguyen L, Schilling D, Dobiasch S, Raulefs S, Santiago Franco M, Buschmann D, Pfaffl MW, Schmid TE, Combs SE. The Emerging Role of miRNAs for the Radiation Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123703. [PMID: 33317198 PMCID: PMC7763922 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive disease with a high mortality rate. Radiotherapy is one treatment option within a multimodal therapy approach for patients with locally advanced, non-resectable pancreatic tumors. However, radiotherapy is only effective in about one-third of the patients. Therefore, biomarkers that can predict the response to radiotherapy are of utmost importance. Recently, microRNAs, small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression, have come into focus as there is growing evidence that microRNAs could serve as diagnostic, predictive and prognostic biomarkers in various cancer entities, including pancreatic cancer. Moreover, their high stability in body fluids such as serum and plasma render them attractive candidates for non-invasive biomarkers. This article describes the role of microRNAs as suitable blood biomarkers and outlines an overview of radiation-induced microRNAs changes and the association with radioresistance in pancreatic cancer. Abstract Today, pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide with a five-year overall survival rate of less than 7%. Only 15–20% of patients are eligible for curative intent surgery at the time of diagnosis. Therefore, neoadjuvant treatment regimens have been introduced in order to downsize the tumor by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. To further increase the efficacy of radiotherapy, novel molecular biomarkers are urgently needed to define the subgroup of pancreatic cancer patients who would benefit most from radiotherapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could have the potential to serve as novel predictive and prognostic biomarkers in patients with pancreatic cancer. In the present article, the role of miRNAs as blood biomarkers, which are associated with either radioresistance or radiation-induced changes of miRNAs in pancreatic cancer, is discussed. Furthermore, the manuscript provides own data of miRNAs identified in a pancreatic cancer mouse model as well as radiation-induced miRNA changes in the plasma of tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Nguyen
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (L.N.); (D.S.); (S.D.); (S.R.); (M.S.F.); (T.E.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Schilling
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (L.N.); (D.S.); (S.D.); (S.R.); (M.S.F.); (T.E.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie Dobiasch
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (L.N.); (D.S.); (S.D.); (S.R.); (M.S.F.); (T.E.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Raulefs
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (L.N.); (D.S.); (S.D.); (S.R.); (M.S.F.); (T.E.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Marina Santiago Franco
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (L.N.); (D.S.); (S.D.); (S.R.); (M.S.F.); (T.E.S.)
| | - Dominik Buschmann
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85354 Freising, Germany; (D.B.); (M.W.P.)
| | - Michael W. Pfaffl
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85354 Freising, Germany; (D.B.); (M.W.P.)
| | - Thomas E. Schmid
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (L.N.); (D.S.); (S.D.); (S.R.); (M.S.F.); (T.E.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie E. Combs
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (L.N.); (D.S.); (S.D.); (S.R.); (M.S.F.); (T.E.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-4140-4501
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23
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Farran B, Nagaraju GP. Exosomes as therapeutic solutions for pancreatic cancer. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:2245-2256. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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24
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Wan X, Guo D, Zhu Q, Qu R. microRNA-382 suppresses the progression of pancreatic cancer through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by inhibition of Anxa3. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2020; 319:G309-G322. [PMID: 32463333 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00322.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a lethal cancer in the digestive system. microRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to participate in PC progression. In this context, we, thus, aimed to explore the mechanism of miR-382 in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and lymph node metastasis in PC in relation to Anxa3 and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Gene expression data sets GSE16515, GSE71989, and GSE32676 were screened out, with the findings showing the significance of miR-382 and annexin A3 (Anxa3) in PC. A total of 115 PC patients were selected for determination of miR-382 and Anxa3 expression with lowly expressed miR-382 and highly expressed Anxa3 found via RT-quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis. Additionally, negative correlation was found between miR-382 and Anxa3 in PC. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and in situ hybridization results confirmed that miR-382 negatively regulated Anxa3. miR-382 targeted Anxa3 and suppressed PC progression by blocking the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. After a series of gain- and loss-of function approaches, upregulation of miR-382 or silencing of Anxa3 inhibited the EMT and lymph node metastasis, as evidenced by increased level of E-cadherin and decreased level of N-cadherin, vimentin, vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGFR)-3, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D. Overexpression of miR-382 or downregulation of Anxa3 was shown to inhibit colony formation, migration, and invasion abilities of PC cells. Further, tumor xenograft in nude mice in vivo also confirmed the inhibitory role of miR-382 and silenced Anxa3 in lymph node metastasis in PC. Thus, this study provides promising therapeutic targets for PC treatment.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study focused on the mechanism of miR-382 in epithelial mesenchymal transition and lymph node metastasis in PC in relation to Anxa3 and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. We found the inhibitory role of miR-382 in PC in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongrui Guo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongfeng Qu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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25
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Li H, Xu Y, Zhao D. MicroRNA-193b regulates human ovarian cancer cell growth via targeting STMN1. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:3310-3315. [PMID: 32855702 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the eighth most common malignancy among women worldwide. Ovarian cancer exhibits no obvious symptoms in the early stage of tumorigenesis and currently, no effective methods for the early detection and treatment of ovarian cancer have been established. Therefore, the identification of novel targets is critical to the early diagnosis and clinical treatment of ovarian cancer. microRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding RNAs, which serve an important biological role in a number of physiological processes and in oncogenesis. Previous studies have reported that miRNA-193b is dysregulated in a variety of types of human cancer. However, the roles of miRNA-193b in human ovarian cancer has not been determined. The present study investigated the roles of miRNA-193b in human ovarian cancer cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR results indicated that the expression of miRNA-193b in ovarian cancer cells was significantly down-regulated compared with non-malignant cells. Cell counting kit-8 results indicated that the up-regulation of miRNA-193b inhibited ovarian cancer cell proliferation and induced ovarian cancer cell apoptosis. The present study also indicated that stathmin 1 (STMN1) was a direct target of miRNA-193b, and the up-regulation of miRNA-193b significantly decreased the expression of STMN1 in ovarian cancer cells. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that miRNA-193b serves as a tumor suppressor in human ovarian cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis. Therefore, the assessment of miRNA-193b may provide insight into a novel diagnostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Li
- Department of Gynaecology, Shi Jia Zhuang The Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yuping Xu
- Department of Gynaecology, Shi Jia Zhuang The Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Danni Zhao
- Department of Gynaecology, Shi Jia Zhuang The Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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26
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Li L, He Z, Zhu C, Chen S, Yang Z, Xu J, Bi N, Yu C, Sun C. MiR-137 promotes anoikis through modulating the AKT signaling pathways in Pancreatic Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:6277-6285. [PMID: 33033511 PMCID: PMC7532504 DOI: 10.7150/jca.44037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anoikis resistance is a fundamental feature of the survival of metastatic cancer cells during cancer progression. However, the mechanisms underlying anoikis resistance in pancreatic cancer (PC) are still unclear. MicroRNA-137 (miR-137) is a tumor suppressor that inhibits the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells through targeting multiple oncogenes. However, the effects and molecular mechanism of miR-137 on anoikis of PC are still unclear. Here we demonstrated that miR-137 was downregulated after the induction of anoikis model in time dependent. Function assays revealed that miR-137 promoted the pancreatic cancer cells anoikis in vitro and vivo. According to bioinformation analysis of clinical databases, we predicted that paxillin (PXN) was a target of miR-137. Further, TCGA analysis revealed that PXN was closely associated with the development of PC. Through loss-of-function studies, we demonstrated that PXN was a functional target of miR-137 on anoikis of PC cells. Moreover, we found that PXN promoted the activation of the AKT signaling pathways which was involving in the cancer cells anoikis. Together, our findings reveal that miR-137 plays a novel role during anoikis and may serve as a potential target for the detection and treatment of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Guiyang, China.,College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhiwei He
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Guiyang, China
| | - Changhao Zhu
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Guiyang, China.,College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shiyu Chen
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Guiyang, China.,College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhehao Yang
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Guiyang, China
| | - Ningrui Bi
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Guiyang, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Guiyang, China
| | - Chengyi Sun
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Guiyang, China
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27
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Chen YY, Jiang MJ, Tian L. Analysis of exosomal circRNAs upon irradiation in pancreatic cancer cell repopulation. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:107. [PMID: 32727565 PMCID: PMC7391519 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-00756-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant tumors. However, radiotherapy can lead to tumor recurrence, which is caused by the residual surviving cells repopulation stimulated by some molecular released from dying cells. Exosomes may mediate cell-cell communication and transfer kinds of signals from the dying cells to the surviving cells for stimulating tumor repopulation. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) may be one vital kind of exosomal cargos involving in modulating cancer cell repopulation. METHODS Next generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics were performed to analyze and annotate the expression and function of exosome-derived circRNAs in pancreatic cancer cells after radiation. Four circRNAs were chosen for qRT-PCR analysis to validate the sequencing results. RESULTS In this study, 3580 circRNAs were annotated in literatures and circBase among 12,572 identified circRNAs. There were 196 filtered differentially expressed circRNAs (the up-regulation and down-regulation respectively is 182 and 14, fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05). Regulation of metabolic process and lysine degradation were the main enriched biological processes and pathway according to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. CONCLUSIONS The hsa_circ_0002130-hsa_miR_4482-3p-NBN interaction network suggested potential sponging miRNA and target mRNA. Our results provided potential functions of circRNAs to explore molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer cell repopulation upon irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yun Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases & Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Science bldg. Rm 205, New Songjiang Rd No.650, Songjiang District, Shanghai, 201620, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Ming-Jie Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases & Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Science bldg. Rm 205, New Songjiang Rd No.650, Songjiang District, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Ling Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases & Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Science bldg. Rm 205, New Songjiang Rd No.650, Songjiang District, Shanghai, 201620, China.
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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Jiang MJ, Chen YY, Dai JJ, Gu DN, Mei Z, Liu FR, Huang Q, Tian L. Dying tumor cell-derived exosomal miR-194-5p potentiates survival and repopulation of tumor repopulating cells upon radiotherapy in pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:68. [PMID: 32228703 PMCID: PMC7104536 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01178-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor repopulation is a major cause of radiotherapy failure. Previous investigations highlighted that dying tumor cells played vital roles in tumor repopulation through promoting proliferation of the residual tumor repopulating cells (TRCs). However, TRCs also suffer DNA damage after radiotherapy, and might undergo mitotic catastrophe under the stimulation of proliferative factors released by dying cells. Hence, we intend to find out how these paradoxical biological processes coordinated to potentiate tumor repopulation after radiotherapy. METHODS Tumor repopulation models in vitro and in vivo were used for evaluating the therapy response and dissecting underlying mechanisms. RNA-seq was performed to find out the signaling changes and identify the significantly changed miRNAs. qPCR, western blot, IHC, FACS, colony formation assay, etc. were carried out to analyze the molecules and cells. RESULTS Exosomes derived from dying tumor cells induced G1/S arrest and promoted DNA damage response to potentiate survival of TRCs through delivering miR-194-5p, which further modulated E2F3 expression. Moreover, exosomal miR-194-5p alleviated the harmful effects of oncogenic HMGA2 under radiotherapy. After a latent time, dying tumor cells further released a large amount of PGE2 to boost proliferation of the recovered TRCs, and orchestrated the repopulation cascades. Of note, low-dose aspirin was found to suppress pancreatic cancer repopulation upon radiation via inhibiting secretion of exosomes and PGE2. CONCLUSION Exosomal miR-194-5p enhanced DNA damage response in TRCs to potentiate tumor repopulation. Combined use of aspirin and radiotherapy might benefit pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jie Jiang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yi-Yun Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Juan-Juan Dai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Dian-Na Gu
- Department of Chemoradiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Zhu Mei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Fu-Rao Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Ling Tian
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China.
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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29
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Jiang MJ, Gu DN, Dai JJ, Huang Q, Tian L. Dark Side of Cytotoxic Therapy: Chemoradiation-Induced Cell Death and Tumor Repopulation. Trends Cancer 2020; 6:419-431. [PMID: 32348737 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Accelerated tumor repopulation following chemoradiation is often observed in the clinic, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In recent years, dying cells caused by chemoradiation have attracted much attention, and they may manifest diverse forms of cell death and release complex factors and thus orchestrate tumor repopulation cascades. Dying cells potentiate the survival of residual living tumor cells, remodel the tumor microenvironment, boost cell proliferation, and accelerate cancer cell metastasis. Moreover, dying cells also mediate the side effects of chemoradiation. These findings suggest more caution when weighing the benefits of cytotoxic therapy and the need to accordingly develop new strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jie Jiang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Dian-Na Gu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China; Department of Chemoradiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Juan-Juan Dai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China; Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ling Tian
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China; Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
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30
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Fan L, Wang J, Cao Q, Ding X, Li B. Aberrant miR-1246 expression promotes radioresistance in non-small cell lung cancer: a potential prognostic biomarker and radiotherapy sensitization target. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:314-335. [PMID: 32064170 PMCID: PMC7017745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiosensitivity varies among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this work, we aimed to investigate microRNAs associated with this heterogeneity among individuals. We selected miR-1246 from the microRNAs that were revealed by microarray experiments to be differentially expressed between radioresistant and parental cell lines. Both intracellular and extracellular miR-1246 was found to be upregulated after irradiation in a time-dependent pattern, resulting in increased radioresistance of NSCLC cells. We found that mTOR was a direct target gene of miR-1246, which mediated miR-1246-induced autophagy activation. Yin Yang-1 (YY1) was demonstrated to be a new transcription factor that regulates miR-1246 and CDR1as was found to be a circular RNA that sequesters miR-1246, which was confirmed in NSCLC cells and clinical samples. Finally, combining these data with the results from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we verified that miR-1246 could be used as a biomarker to predict NSCLC patients' radiosensitivity and prognosis. Overall, our study fully investigated the effect of miR-1246 on radiosensitivity and comprehensively investigated the potential of miR-1246 as a prognostic biomarker and radiotherapy sensitization target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan 250117, China
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinan 250112, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan 250117, China
| | - Qiang Cao
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189, China
| | - Xiuping Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan 250117, China
| | - Baosheng Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan 250117, China
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinan 250112, China
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31
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Li M, Wu P, Yang Z, Deng S, Ni L, Zhang Y, Jin L, Pan Y. miR-193a-5p promotes pancreatic cancer cell metastasis through SRSF6-mediated alternative splicing of OGDHL and ECM1. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:38-59. [PMID: 32064152 PMCID: PMC7017744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short and non-coding RNAs binding to 3'UTR of target mRNAs to downregulate their expression. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs indirectly regulated alternative splicing (AS) by targeting splicing factors and caused shifts in splicing patterns of target genes. However, the roles of miRNA-regulating splicing factors in pancreatic cancer progression remain unknown. Herein, we reported that miR-193a-5p was markedly upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells and correlated with clinical outcomes of pancreatic cancer patients. Overexpression of miR-193a-5p contributed to the metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. The mechanistic investigation suggested that miR-193a-5p modulated oxoglutarate dehydrogenase-like (OGDHL) and extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) AS by targeting serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 6 (SRSF6), leading to the activation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Together, our findings highlighted the role of miR-193a-5p-targeting SRSF6 in pancreatic cancer metastasis, which may serve as a novel target for pancreatic cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University24 Tongjiaxiang Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Pandi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University24 Tongjiaxiang Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhaocong Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 21008, PR China
| | - Siwei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University24 Tongjiaxiang Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lingyu Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University24 Tongjiaxiang Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University24 Tongjiaxiang Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Liang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University24 Tongjiaxiang Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University24 Tongjiaxiang Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
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32
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Zhang X, Zhang L, Chen M, Liu D. miR-324-5p inhibits gallbladder carcinoma cell metastatic behaviours by downregulation of transforming growth factor beta 2 expression. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 48:315-324. [PMID: 31858815 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1703724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Zhang
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Geriatric Hospital, Civil Affairs Bureau of Tianjin, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Liver Tumor Internal Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongying Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
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33
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Tesfaye AA, Azmi AS, Philip PA. miRNA and Gene Expression in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:58-70. [PMID: 30558723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a challenging disease that is mostly diagnosed late in the course of the illness. Unlike other cancers in which measurable successes have been achieved with traditional chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and, recently, immunotherapy, PDAC has proved to be poorly responsive to these treatments, with only marginal to modest incremental benefits using conventional cytotoxic therapy. There is, therefore, a great unmet need to develop better therapies based on improved understanding of biology and identification of predictive and prognostic biomarkers that would guide therapy. miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate the expression of some key genes by targeting their 3'-untranslated mRNA region. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has been linked to the development of various malignancies, including PDAC. A series of miRNAs have been identified as potential tools for early diagnosis, prediction of treatment response, and prognosis of patients with PDAC. In this review, we present a summary of the miRNAs that have been studied in PDAC in the context of disease biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anteneh A Tesfaye
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Philip A Philip
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
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34
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Soleimani A, Khazaei M, Ferns GA, Ryzhikov M, Avan A, Hassanian SM. Role of TGF-β signaling regulatory microRNAs in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14574-14580. [PMID: 30684274 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) modulates tumor progression by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. Biological and pharmacological agonists/antagonists, the interplay between intracellular signaling pathways, and microRNAs (miRNAs) control the initiation and activation of the TGF-β signaling pathway. It has been proposed that the expression profiles of tumor suppressor and oncogenic TGF-β miRNAs may be used for the classification, diagnosis, and prognosis of human malignancies. Deregulated miRNAs and aberrant activation of TGF-β signaling are frequently found in human colorectal cancers (CRCs), but a little is known about their mechanisms of action in the development and progression of colorectal carcinoma. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the role of TGF-β signaling regulatory miRNAs in the pathogenesis of CRC for a better understanding and hence better management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atena Soleimani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Mikhail Ryzhikov
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University, School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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35
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Dando I, Pozza ED, Ambrosini G, Torrens-Mas M, Butera G, Mullappilly N, Pacchiana R, Palmieri M, Donadelli M. Oncometabolites in cancer aggressiveness and tumour repopulation. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2019; 94:1530-1546. [PMID: 30972955 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tumour repopulation is recognized as a crucial event in tumour relapse where therapy-sensitive dying cancer cells influence the tumour microenvironment to sustain therapy-resistant cancer cell growth. Recent studies highlight the role of the oncometabolites succinate, fumarate, and 2-hydroxyglutarate in the aggressiveness of cancer cells and in the worsening of the patient's clinical outcome. These oncometabolites can be produced and secreted by cancer and/or surrounding cells, modifying the tumour microenvironment and sustaining an invasive neoplastic phenotype. In this review, we report recent findings concerning the role in cancer development of succinate, fumarate, and 2-hydroxyglutarate and the regulation of their related enzymes succinate dehydrogenase, fumarate hydratase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase. We propose that oncometabolites are crucially involved in tumour repopulation. The study of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between oncometabolites and tumour repopulation is fundamental for identifying efficient anti-cancer therapeutic strategies and novel serum biomarkers in order to overcome cancer relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Dando
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Dalla Pozza
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Ambrosini
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Margalida Torrens-Mas
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, E-07122, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, edificio S, Palma de Mallorca, E-07120, Spain
| | - Giovanna Butera
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Nidula Mullappilly
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Raffaella Pacchiana
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Marta Palmieri
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
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36
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Prognostic values of E2F mRNA expression in human gastric cancer. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20181264. [PMID: 30487158 PMCID: PMC6435564 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the second most frequent cause of cancer-related mortality in the world, with Eastern Asia having the highest incidence rates. E2F is a family of transcription factor proteins that has a variety of functions, which include control of cell cycle, cell differentiation, DNA damage response and cell death. E2F transcription factors are divided into two subfamilies: transcription activators (E2F transcription factors 1 (E2F1), 2 (E2F2) and 3a (E2F3a)) and repressors (E2F3b, E2F transcription factors 4 (E2F4), 5 (E2F5), 6 (E2F6), 7 (E2F7) and 8 (E2F8)). Studies have demonstrated that E2F had prognostic significance in a number of cancers. However, the entirety of the prognostic roles of E2F mRNA expression in GC has not yet been apparently determined. In the present study, the prognostic value of individual family members of E2F mRNA expression for overall survival (OS) was evaluated by using online Kaplan-Meier Plotter (KM Plotter) database. Our result demonstrated that high expressions of three family members of E2F (E2F1, E2F3, E2F4) mRNA were significantly associated with unfavourable OS in all GC patients. However, increased expressions of E2F2, E2F5, E2F6 and E2F7 were significantly associated with favourable OS, especially for higher clinical stages in GC patients. These results provided a better insight into the prognostic functions of E2F mRNA genes in GC. Although the results should be further verified in clinical trials, our findings may be a favourable prognostic predictor for the development of newer therapeutic drugs in the treatment of GC.
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