1
|
Xiang Y, Zhao Z, Yao EJ, Balayan A, Fiering SN, Steinmetz NF, Chen S. Multifaceted cancer alleviation by cowpea mosaic virus in a bioprinted ovarian cancer peritoneal spheroid model. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122663. [PMID: 38878481 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is a leading cause of mortality among gynecological malignancies and usually manifests as intraperitoneal spheroids that generate metastases, ascites, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this study, we explore the immunomodulatory properties of cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) as an adjuvant immunotherapeutic agent using an in vitro model of OvCa peritoneal spheroids. Previous findings highlighted the potent efficacy of intratumoral CPMV against OvCa in mouse tumor models. Leveraging the precision control over material deposition and cell patterning afforded by digital-light-processing (DLP) based bioprinting, we constructed OvCa-macrophage spheroids to mimic peritoneal spheroids using gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), a collagen-derived photopolymerizable biomaterial to mimic the extracellular matrix. Following CPMV treatment, bioprinted spheroids exhibited inhibited OvCa progression mediated by macrophage activation. Our analysis indicates that CPMV regulates and activates macrophage to both induce OvCa cell killing and restore normal cell-cell junctions. This study deepened our understanding of the mechanism of CPMV intratumoral immunotherapy in the setting of OvCa. This study also highlights the potential of studying immunotherapies using high throughput tissue models via DLP bioprinting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiang
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Zhongchao Zhao
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Emmie J Yao
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Alis Balayan
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Steven N Fiering
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA; Dartmouth Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth and Dartmouth Health, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Center for Engineering in Cancer, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Shu and K.C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao Y, Wang C, Deng W, Li L, Liu J, Shi Y, Tao X, Zhang J, Cao Q, Cai C, Han X. Patient-derived ovarian cancer organoid carries immune microenvironment and blood vessel keeping high response to cisplatin. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e697. [PMID: 39206413 PMCID: PMC11351687 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is high recurrence and mortality malignant tumor. The most common ovarian cancer was High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. However, High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer organoid is rare, which organoid with patient immune microenvironment and blood vessels even absence. Here, we report a novel High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer organoid system derived from patient ovarian cancer samples. These organoids recapitulate High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer organoids' histological and molecular heterogeneity while preserving the critical immune microenvironment and blood vessels, as evidenced by the presence of CD34 + endothelial cells. Whole exome sequencing identifies key mutations (CSMD3, TP53, GABRA6). Organoids show promise in testing cisplatin sensitivity for patients resistant to carboplatin and paclitaxel, with notable responses in cancer proteoglycans and p53 (TP53) signaling, like ACTG/ACTB1/AKT2 genes and BBC3/MDM2/PERP. Integration of immune microenvironment and blood vessels enhances potential for novel therapies like immunotherapies and angiogenesis inhibitors. Our work may provide a new detection system and theoretical basis for ovarian cancer research and individual therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhao
- Obstetrics & Gynecology HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of ResearchShanghai LiSheng BiotechShanghaiChina
| | - Wei Deng
- LongHua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Lanyang Li
- Department of ResearchShanghai LiSheng BiotechShanghaiChina
| | - Jiping Liu
- Department of ResearchShanghai LiSheng BiotechShanghaiChina
| | - Yanghua Shi
- Department of ResearchShanghai LiSheng BiotechShanghaiChina
| | - Xiang Tao
- Obstetrics & Gynecology HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of ResearchShanghai LiSheng BiotechShanghaiChina
| | - Qi Cao
- Obstetrics & Gynecology HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chunhui Cai
- Department of ResearchShanghai LiSheng BiotechShanghaiChina
| | - Xinxin Han
- Department of ResearchShanghai LiSheng BiotechShanghaiChina
- Organ Regeneration X LabLiSheng East China Institute of BiotechnologyPeking UniversityJiangsuChina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cortesi M, Warton K, Ford CE. Beyond 2D cell cultures: how 3D models are changing the in vitro study of ovarian cancer and how to make the most of them. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17603. [PMID: 39221267 PMCID: PMC11366228 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
3D cell cultures are a fundamental tool in ovarian cancer research that can enable more effective study of the main features of this lethal disease, including the high rates of recurrence and chemoresistance. A clearer, more comprehensive understanding of the biological underpinnings of these phenomena could aid the development of more effective treatments thus improving patient outcomes. Selecting the most appropriate model to investigate the different aspects of cell biology that are relevant to cancer is challenging, especially since the assays available for the study of 3D cultures are not fully established yet. To maximise the usefulness of 3D cell cultures of ovarian cancer, we undertook an in-depth review of the currently available models, taking into consideration the strengths and limitations of each approach and of the assay techniques used to evaluate the results. This integrated analysis provides insight into which model-assay pair is best suited to study different parameters of ovarian cancer biology such as cell proliferation, gene expression or treatment response. We also describe how the combined use of multiple models is likely to be the most effective strategy for the in vitro characterisation of complex behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marilisa Cortesi
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering “G. Marconi”, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Kristina Warton
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Caroline E. Ford
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Arcieri M, Andreetta C, Tius V, Zapelloni G, Titone F, Restaino S, Vizzielli G. Molecular biology as a driver in therapeutic choices for ovarian cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2024:ijgc-2024-005700. [PMID: 39209430 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2024-005700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of patients with ovarian cancer relapse within 3 years of first line chemotherapy. Therefore, choosing the most appropriate treatment in the recurrence setting has a fundamental role in defining a patient's prognosis. Treatment options include systemic and intra-peritoneal chemotherapy, secondary cytoreductive surgery, and stereotactic body radiotherapy. The best therapeutic choice depends on multiple factors and not only on treatment-free interval. For systemic therapy, prior lines therapy, residual toxicities, comorbidities, performance status, and patient preferences should be taken into account. Secondary cytoreductive surgery can be proposed in patients in which complete tumor resectability can be predicted and in those with oligometastatic disease. Stereotactic body radiotherapy represents a valid alternative to surgery for oligometastatic disease with high local control and minimal toxicity. Current evidence has demonstrated an emerging role of BRCA mutational status and molecular profiling in the impacting response to systemic and local treatments. Therefore, these could provide guidance in the treatment decision process and help identify patients who respond better to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-inhibitors or immunotherapy or to a combined approach with surgery rather than to platinum-based chemotherapy. Current knowledge in this field could help widen therapeutic options, especially for platinum-resistant patients. In this review, we offer an overview of the state of the art regarding the role of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery in this setting and their implications in clinical practice and in the treatment decision process, so as to provide the best tailored therapy in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Arcieri
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'S. Maria della Misericordia' University Hospital, Azienda sanitaria universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy
| | - Claudia Andreetta
- Department of Medical Oncology, 'S. Maria della Misericordia' University Hospital, Azienda sanitaria universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
| | - Veronica Tius
- Medical Area Department (DAME), in Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
| | - Giulia Zapelloni
- Medical Area Department (DAME), in Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
| | - Francesca Titone
- Department of Radiation Oncology, S. Maria della Misericordia' University Hospital, Azienda sanitaria universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
| | - Stefano Restaino
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'S. Maria della Misericordia' University Hospital, Azienda sanitaria universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy
- PhD School in Biomedical Sciences, Gender Medicine, Child and Women Health, University of Sassari, Sassari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vizzielli
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'S. Maria della Misericordia' University Hospital, Azienda sanitaria universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy
- Medical Area Department (DAME), in Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Khin M, Davis LJ, Lantvit DD, Orjala J, Burdette JE. Aulosirazole Stimulates FOXO3a Nuclear Translocation to Regulate Apoptosis and Cell-Cycle Progression in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (HGSOC) Cells. Mol Pharmacol 2024; 106:145-154. [PMID: 39079718 PMCID: PMC11331498 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.124.000921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer, the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women, is the most lethal gynecological malignancy globally. Within various ovarian cancer subtypes, high-grade serous ovarian cancer is the most prevalent and there is frequent emergence of chemoresistance. Aulosirazole, an isothiazolonaphthoquinone alkaloid, isolated from the cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. UIC 10771, demonstrated cytotoxic activity against OVCAR3 cells (IC50 = 301 ± 80 nM). Using immunocytochemistry, OVCAR3 cells treated with aulosirazole demonstrated increased concentrations of phosphorylated protein kinase B and phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase with subsequent accumulation of forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) in the nucleus. The combination of aulosirazole with protein kinase B inhibitors resulted in the most nuclear accumulation of FOXO3a aulosirazole-induced apoptosis based on cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, annexin V staining, and induction of caspase 3/7 activity in OVCAR3, OVCAR5, and OVCAR8. The expression of downstream targets of FOXO3a, including B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and p53-upregulator modulator of apoptosis, increased following aulosirazole treatment. Aulosirazole upregulated the FOXO3a target, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1, and increased cell-cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. The downregulation of FOXO3a by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) reduced the cytotoxicity after aulosirazole treatment by 3-fold IC50 (949 ± 16 nM) and eliminated its ability to regulate downstream targets of FOXO3a. These findings underscore FOXO3a as a critical mediator of aulosirazole-induced cytotoxicity. Additionally, aulosirazole was able to decrease migration and invasion while increasing cell death in 3D tumor spheroids. However, in vivo OVCAR8 tumor burden was not reduced by aulosirazole using an intraperitoneal tumor model. Given the mechanism of action of aulosirazole, this class of alkaloids represents promising lead compounds to develop treatments against FOXO3a-downregulated cancers. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Aulosirazole, an isothiazolonaphthoquinone alkaloid, exhibits potent cytotoxic effects against high-grade serous ovarian cancer by promoting forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) nuclear accumulation and modulating downstream targets. These findings highlight the potential of aulosirazole as a promising therapeutic intervention for cancers characterized by FOXO3a downregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manead Khin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (M.K., D.D.L., J.O., J.E.B.); and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina (L.J.D.)
| | - Lydia J Davis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (M.K., D.D.L., J.O., J.E.B.); and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina (L.J.D.)
| | - Daniel D Lantvit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (M.K., D.D.L., J.O., J.E.B.); and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina (L.J.D.)
| | - Jimmy Orjala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (M.K., D.D.L., J.O., J.E.B.); and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina (L.J.D.)
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (M.K., D.D.L., J.O., J.E.B.); and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina (L.J.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim DY, Yun H, You JE, Lee JU, Kang DH, Ryu YS, Koh DI, Jin DH. Inactivation of VRK1 sensitizes ovarian cancer to PARP inhibition through regulating DNA-PK stability. Exp Cell Res 2024; 438:114036. [PMID: 38614421 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of gynecologic cancer death. Among the most innovative anti-cancer approaches, the genetic concept of synthetic lethality is that mutations in multiple genes work synergistically to effect cell death. Previous studies found that although vaccinia-related kinase-1 (VRK1) associates with DNA damage repair proteins, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we found high VRK1 expression in ovarian tumors, and that VRK1 depletion can significantly promote apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. The effect of VRK1 knockdown on apoptosis was manifested by increased DNA damage, genomic instability, and apoptosis, and also blocked non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) by destabilizing DNA-PK. Further, we verified that VRK1 depletion enhanced sensitivity to a PARP inhibitor (PARPi), olaparib, promoting apoptosis through DNA damage, especially in ovarian cancer cell lines with high VRK1 expression. Proteins implicated in DNA damage responses are suitable targets for the development of new anti-cancer therapeutic strategies, and their combination could represent an alternative form of synthetic lethality. Therefore, normal protective DNA damage responses are impaired by combining olaparib with elimination of VRK1 and could be used to reduce drug dose and its associated toxicity. In summary, VRK1 represents both a potential biomarker for PARPi sensitivity, and a new DDR-associated therapeutic target, in ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Do Yeon Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeseon Yun
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun You
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-U Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hee Kang
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Seong Ryu
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-In Koh
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Jin
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Meng X, Liang X, Yang S, Wu D, Wang X. A miRNA-7704/IL2RB/AKT feedback loop regulates tumorigenesis and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. Exp Cell Res 2024; 437:114012. [PMID: 38565343 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecological tumors worldwide. Despite the availability of multiple treatments for ovarian cancer, its resistance to chemotherapy remains a significant challenge. miRNAs play crucial roles in the initiation and progression of cancer by affecting processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and chemoresistance. According to microarray and qPCR analyses, miR-7704 is significantly downregulated in cisplatin-resistant cells compared to parental cells. In this study, we found that miR-7704 inhibited the proliferation and promoted cisplatin sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, ectopic expression of miR-7704 had the same effect as IL2RB knockdown. Further mechanistic studies revealed that miR-7704 played an inhibitory role by regulating IL2RB expression to inactivate the AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, IL2RB reversed the miR-7704 mediated resistance to cisplatin in ovarian cancer. Based on these findings, miR-7704 and IL2RB show the potential as novel therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Meng
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Oncology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjie Yang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Wu
- Department of Emergency, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xinghe Wang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Arcieri M, Tius V, Andreetta C, Restaino S, Biasioli A, Poletto E, Damante G, Ercoli A, Driul L, Fagotti A, Lorusso D, Scambia G, Vizzielli G. How BRCA and homologous recombination deficiency change therapeutic strategies in ovarian cancer: a review of literature. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1335196. [PMID: 38525421 PMCID: PMC10957789 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1335196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
About 50% of High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer exhibit a high degree of genomic instability due to mutation of genes involved in Homologous Recombination (HRD) and such defect accounts for synthetic lethality mechanism of PARP inhibitors (PARP-i). Several clinical trials have shown how BRCA and HRD mutational status profoundly affect first line chemotherapy as well as response to maintenance therapy with PARP-i, hence Progression Free Survival and Overall Survival. Consequently, there is urgent need for the development of increasingly reliable HRD tests, overcoming present limitations, as they play a key role in the diagnostic and therapeutic process as well as have a prognostic and predictive value. In this review we offer an overview of the state of the art regarding the actual knowledge about BRCA and HRD mutational status, the rationale of PARPi use and HRD testing (current and in development assays) and their implications in clinical practice and in the treatment decision process, in order to optimize and choose the best tailored therapy in patients with ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Arcieri
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Veronica Tius
- Medical Area Department (DAME), in Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Claudia Andreetta
- Department of Medical Oncology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Restaino
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Anna Biasioli
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Elena Poletto
- Department of Medical Oncology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Damante
- Medical Area Department (DAME), in Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Medical Genetics Institute, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Alfredo Ercoli
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Childhood “G. Barresi”, Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Lorenza Driul
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
- Medical Area Department (DAME), in Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Anna Fagotti
- Dipartimento per le Scienze Della Salute Della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, in Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenica Lorusso
- Dipartimento per le Scienze Della Salute Della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, in Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Dipartimento per le Scienze Della Salute Della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, in Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vizzielli
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “S. Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
- Medical Area Department (DAME), in Department of Medicine (DMED), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Qu S, Xu R, Yi G, Li Z, Zhang H, Qi S, Huang G. Patient-derived organoids in human cancer: a platform for fundamental research and precision medicine. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:6. [PMID: 38342791 PMCID: PMC10859360 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-023-00165-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is associated with a high degree of heterogeneity, encompassing both inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity, along with considerable variability in clinical response to common treatments across patients. Conventional models for tumor research, such as in vitro cell cultures and in vivo animal models, demonstrate significant limitations that fall short of satisfying the research requisites. Patient-derived tumor organoids, which recapitulate the structures, specific functions, molecular characteristics, genomics alterations and expression profiles of primary tumors. They have been efficaciously implemented in illness portrayal, mechanism exploration, high-throughput drug screening and assessment, discovery of innovative therapeutic targets and potential compounds, and customized treatment regimen for cancer patients. In contrast to conventional models, tumor organoids offer an intuitive, dependable, and efficient in vitro research model by conserving the phenotypic, genetic diversity, and mutational attributes of the originating tumor. Nevertheless, the organoid technology also confronts the bottlenecks and challenges, such as how to comprehensively reflect intra-tumor heterogeneity, tumor microenvironment, tumor angiogenesis, reduce research costs, and establish standardized construction processes while retaining reliability. This review extensively examines the use of tumor organoid techniques in fundamental research and precision medicine. It emphasizes the importance of patient-derived tumor organoid biobanks for drug development, screening, safety evaluation, and personalized medicine. Additionally, it evaluates the application of organoid technology as an experimental tumor model to better understand the molecular mechanisms of tumor. The intent of this review is to explicate the significance of tumor organoids in cancer research and to present new avenues for the future of tumor research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanqiang Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- The Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Brain disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongyang Xu
- The Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Guozhong Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Brain disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Brain disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Huayang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- The Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Songtao Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- The Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Institute of Brain disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Guanglong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- The Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Institute of Brain disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chan WS, Mo X, Ip PPC, Tse KY. Patient-derived organoid culture in epithelial ovarian cancers-Techniques, applications, and future perspectives. Cancer Med 2023; 12:19714-19731. [PMID: 37776168 PMCID: PMC10587945 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a heterogeneous disease composed of different cell types with different molecular aberrations. Traditional cell lines and mice models cannot recapitulate the human tumor biology and tumor microenvironment (TME). Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) are freshly derived from patients' tissues and are then cultured with extracellular matrix and conditioned medium. The high concordance of epigenetic, genomic, and proteomic landscapes between the parental tumors and PDOs suggests that PDOs can provide more reliable results in studying cancer biology, allowing high throughput drug screening, and identifying their associated signaling pathways and resistance mechanisms. However, despite having a heterogeneity of cells in PDOs, some cells in TME will be lost during the culture process. Next-generation organoids have been developed to circumvent some of the limitations. Genetically engineered organoids involving targeted gene editing can facilitate the understanding of tumorigenesis and drug response. Co-culture systems where PDOs are cultured with different cell components like immune cells can allow research using immunotherapy which is otherwise impossible in conventional cell lines. In this review, the limitations of the traditional in vitro and in vivo assays, the use of PDOs, the challenges including some tips and tricks of PDO generation in EOC, and the future perspectives, will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wai Sun Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR
| | - Xuetang Mo
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR
| | | | - Ka Yu Tse
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nosrati H, Nosrati M. Artificial Intelligence in Regenerative Medicine: Applications and Implications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:442. [PMID: 37754193 PMCID: PMC10526210 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8050442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of regenerative medicine is constantly advancing and aims to repair, regenerate, or substitute impaired or unhealthy tissues and organs using cutting-edge approaches such as stem cell-based therapies, gene therapy, and tissue engineering. Nevertheless, incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has opened new doors for research in this field. AI refers to the ability of machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence in ways such as learning the patterns in the data and applying that to the new data without being explicitly programmed. AI has the potential to improve and accelerate various aspects of regenerative medicine research and development, particularly, although not exclusively, when complex patterns are involved. This review paper provides an overview of AI in the context of regenerative medicine, discusses its potential applications with a focus on personalized medicine, and highlights the challenges and opportunities in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Nosrati
- Biosensor Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Masoud Nosrati
- Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Arias-Diaz AE, Ferreiro-Pantin M, Barbazan J, Perez-Beliz E, Ruiz-Bañobre J, Casas-Arozamena C, Muinelo-Romay L, Lopez-Lopez R, Vilar A, Curiel T, Abal M. Ascites-Derived Organoids to Depict Platinum Resistance in Gynaecological Serous Carcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13208. [PMID: 37686015 PMCID: PMC10487816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynaecological serous carcinomas (GSCs) constitute a distinctive entity among female tumours characterised by a very poor prognosis. In addition to late-stage diagnosis and a high rate of recurrent disease associated with massive peritoneal carcinomatosis, the systematic acquisition of resistance to first-line chemotherapy based on platinum determines the unfavourable outcome of GSC patients. To explore the molecular mechanisms associated with platinum resistance, we generated patient-derived organoids (PDOs) from liquid biopsies of GSC patients. PDOs are emerging as a relevant preclinical model system to assist in clinical decision making, mainly from tumoural tissue and particularly for personalised therapeutic options. To approach platinum resistance in a GSC context, proficient PDOs were generated from the ascitic fluid of ovarian, primary peritoneal and uterine serous carcinoma patients in platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant clinical settings from the uterine aspirate of a uterine serous carcinoma patient, and we also induced platinum resistance in vitro in a representative platinum-sensitive PDO. Histological and immunofluorescent characterisation of these ascites-derived organoids showed resemblance to the corresponding original tumours, and assessment of platinum sensitivity in these preclinical models replicated the clinical setting of the corresponding GSC patients. Differential gene expression profiling of a panel of 770 genes representing major canonical cancer pathways, comparing platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant PDOs, revealed cellular response to DNA damage stimulus as the principal biological process associated with the acquisition of resistance to the first-line therapy for GSC. Additionally, candidate genes involved in regulation of cell adhesion, cell cycles, and transcription emerged from this proof-of-concept study. In conclusion, we describe the generation of PDOs from liquid biopsies in the context of gynaecological serous carcinomas to explore the molecular determinants of platinum resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Estrella Arias-Diaz
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.E.A.-D.); (M.F.-P.); (J.B.); (J.R.-B.); (C.C.-A.); (L.M.-R.); (R.L.-L.); (T.C.)
- Department of Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miriam Ferreiro-Pantin
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.E.A.-D.); (M.F.-P.); (J.B.); (J.R.-B.); (C.C.-A.); (L.M.-R.); (R.L.-L.); (T.C.)
| | - Jorge Barbazan
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.E.A.-D.); (M.F.-P.); (J.B.); (J.R.-B.); (C.C.-A.); (L.M.-R.); (R.L.-L.); (T.C.)
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Edurne Perez-Beliz
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Juan Ruiz-Bañobre
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.E.A.-D.); (M.F.-P.); (J.B.); (J.R.-B.); (C.C.-A.); (L.M.-R.); (R.L.-L.); (T.C.)
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Casas-Arozamena
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.E.A.-D.); (M.F.-P.); (J.B.); (J.R.-B.); (C.C.-A.); (L.M.-R.); (R.L.-L.); (T.C.)
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Muinelo-Romay
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.E.A.-D.); (M.F.-P.); (J.B.); (J.R.-B.); (C.C.-A.); (L.M.-R.); (R.L.-L.); (T.C.)
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Lopez-Lopez
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.E.A.-D.); (M.F.-P.); (J.B.); (J.R.-B.); (C.C.-A.); (L.M.-R.); (R.L.-L.); (T.C.)
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Vilar
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Teresa Curiel
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.E.A.-D.); (M.F.-P.); (J.B.); (J.R.-B.); (C.C.-A.); (L.M.-R.); (R.L.-L.); (T.C.)
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Abal
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.E.A.-D.); (M.F.-P.); (J.B.); (J.R.-B.); (C.C.-A.); (L.M.-R.); (R.L.-L.); (T.C.)
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Keathley R, Kocherginsky M, Davuluri R, Matei D. Integrated Multi-Omic Analysis Reveals Immunosuppressive Phenotype Associated with Poor Outcomes in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3649. [PMID: 37509311 PMCID: PMC10377286 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is characterized by a complex genomic landscape, with both genetic and epigenetic diversity contributing to its pathogenesis, disease course, and response to treatment. To better understand the association between genomic features and response to treatment among 370 patients with newly diagnosed HGSOC, we utilized multi-omic data and semi-biased clustering of HGSOC specimens profiled by TCGA. A Cox regression model was deployed to select model input features based on the influence on disease recurrence. Among the features most significantly correlated with recurrence were the promotor-associated probes for the NFRKB and DPT genes and the TREML1 gene. Using 1467 transcriptomic and methylomic features as input to consensus clustering, we identified four distinct tumor clusters-three of which had noteworthy differences in treatment response and time to disease recurrence. Each cluster had unique divergence in differential analyses and distinctly enriched pathways therein. Differences in predicted stromal and immune cell-type composition were also observed, with an immune-suppressive phenotype specific to one cluster, which associated with short time to disease recurrence. Our model features were additionally used as a neural network input layer to validate the previously defined clusters with high prediction accuracy (91.3%). Overall, our approach highlights an integrated data utilization workflow from tumor-derived samples, which can be used to uncover novel drivers of clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Russell Keathley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (R.K.); (M.K.)
- Driskill Graduate Program in Life Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Masha Kocherginsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (R.K.); (M.K.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine (Biostatistics), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ramana Davuluri
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
| | - Daniela Matei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (R.K.); (M.K.)
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kumar S, Raina M, Tankay K, Ingle GM. Patient-derived organoids in ovarian cancer: Current research and its clinical relevance. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 213:115589. [PMID: 37196684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Regardless of recent advances in cancer treatment, ovarian cancer (OC) patients have had a five-year survival rate of 48% in the last few decades. Diagnosis at the advanced stage, disease recurrence, and lack of early biomarkers are the severe clinical challenges associated with disease survival rate. Identifying tumor origin and developing precision drugs will effectively advance OC patient's treatment. The lack of a proper platform to identify and develop new therapeutic strategies in OC treatment necessitates searching for a suitable model to address tumor recurrence and therapeutic resistance. The development of the OC patient-derived organoid model provided a unique platform to identify the exact origin of high-grade serous OC, drug screening, and the development of precision medicine. This review provides an overview of recent progress in developing patient-derived organoids and their clinical relevance. Here, we outline their uses for transcriptomics and genomics profiling, drug screening, translational study, and their future perspective and clinical outlook as a model to advance OC research that could offer a promising approach for developing precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, AP, India.
| | - Manita Raina
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, AP, India
| | - Kalpana Tankay
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, AP, India
| | - Gaurav Milind Ingle
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, AP, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Araki S, Ohori M, Yugami M. Targeting pre-mRNA splicing in cancers: roles, inhibitors, and therapeutic opportunities. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1152087. [PMID: 37342192 PMCID: PMC10277747 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1152087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has indicated that pre-mRNA splicing plays critical roles in a variety of physiological processes, including development of multiple diseases. In particular, alternative splicing is profoundly involved in cancer progression through abnormal expression or mutation of splicing factors. Small-molecule splicing modulators have recently attracted considerable attention as a novel class of cancer therapeutics, and several splicing modulators are currently being developed for the treatment of patients with various cancers and are in the clinical trial stage. Novel molecular mechanisms modulating alternative splicing have proven to be effective for treating cancer cells resistant to conventional anticancer drugs. Furthermore, molecular mechanism-based combination strategies and patient stratification strategies for cancer treatment targeting pre-mRNA splicing must be considered for cancer therapy in the future. This review summarizes recent progress in the relationship between druggable splicing-related molecules and cancer, highlights small-molecule splicing modulators, and discusses future perspectives of splicing modulation for personalized and combination therapies in cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
16
|
Cesari E, Ciucci A, Pieraccioli M, Caggiano C, Nero C, Bonvissuto D, Sillano F, Buttarelli M, Piermattei A, Loverro M, Camarda F, Greco V, De Bonis M, Minucci A, Gallo D, Urbani A, Vizzielli G, Scambia G, Sette C. Dual inhibition of CDK12 and CDK13 uncovers actionable vulnerabilities in patient-derived ovarian cancer organoids. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:126. [PMID: 37202753 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02682-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is highly lethal, partly due to chemotherapy resistance and limited availability of targeted approaches. Cyclin dependent kinases 12 and 13 (CDK12/13) are promising therapeutic targets in human cancers, including HGSOC. Nevertheless, the effects of their inhibition in HGSOC and the potential synergy with other drugs are poorly known. METHODS We analyzed the effects of the CDK12/13 inhibitor THZ531 in HGSOC cells and patient-derived organoids (PDOs). RNA sequencing and quantitative PCR analyses were performed to identify the genome-wide effects of short-term CDK12/13 inhibition on the transcriptome of HGSOC cells. Viability assays with HGSOC cells and PDOs were performed to assess the efficacy of THZ531 as single agent or in combination with clinically relevant drugs. RESULTS The CDK12 and CDK13 genes are deregulated in HGSOC and their concomitant up-regulation with the oncogene MYC predicts poor prognosis. HGSOC cells and PDOs display high sensitivity to CDK12/13 inhibition, which synergizes with drugs in clinical use for HGSOC. Transcriptome analyses revealed cancer-relevant genes whose expression is repressed by dual CDK12/13 inhibition through impaired splicing. Combined treatment with THZ531 and inhibitors of pathways regulated by these cancer relevant genes (EGFR, RPTOR, ATRIP) exerted synergic effects on HGSOC PDO viability. CONCLUSIONS CDK12 and CDK13 represent valuable therapeutic targets for HGSOC. We uncovered a wide spectrum of CDK12/13 targets as potential therapeutic vulnerabilities for HGSOC. Moreover, our study indicates that CDK12/13 inhibition enhances the efficacy of approved drugs that are already in use for HGSOC or other human cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cesari
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
- GSTeP Organoids Research Core Facility, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ciucci
- GSTeP Organoids Research Core Facility, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Pieraccioli
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
- GSTeP Organoids Research Core Facility, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Caggiano
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
- GSTeP Organoids Research Core Facility, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Nero
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Bonvissuto
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sillano
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Buttarelli
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Unit of Translational Medicine for Woman and Child Health, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Piermattei
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Loverro
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Floriana Camarda
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Greco
- Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Unity of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensive Care and Perioperative Clinics Research, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria De Bonis
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensive Care and Perioperative Clinics Research, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Minucci
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensive Care and Perioperative Clinics Research, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Gallo
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Unit of Translational Medicine for Woman and Child Health, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Unity of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensive Care and Perioperative Clinics Research, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vizzielli
- Department of Medical Area (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Santa Maria Della Misericordia" University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | - Claudio Sette
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy.
- GSTeP Organoids Research Core Facility, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tomas E, Shepherd TG. Insights into high-grade serous carcinoma pathobiology using three-dimensional culture model systems. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:70. [PMID: 37038202 PMCID: PMC10088149 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01145-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) research has become more complex as researchers try to fully understand the metastatic process. Especially as we delve into the concept of tumour dormancy, where cells transition between proliferative and dormant states to survive during disease progression. Thus, the in vitro models used to conduct this research need to reflect this vast biological complexity. The innovation behind the many three-dimensional (3D) spheroid models has been refined to easily generate reproducible spheroids so that we may understand the various molecular signaling changes of cells during metastasis and determine therapeutic efficacy of treatments. This ingenuity was then used to develop the 3D ex vivo patient-derived organoid model, as well as multiple co-culture model systems for EOC research. Although, researchers need to continue to push the boundaries of these current models for in vitro and even in vivo work in the future. In this review, we describe the 3D models already in use, where these models can be developed further and how we can use these models to gain the most knowledge on EOC pathogenesis and discover new targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Tomas
- London Regional Cancer Program, The Mary & John Knight Translational Ovarian Cancer Research Unit, 790 Commissioners Rd. E. Room A4-836, London, ON, N6A 4L6, Canada
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Trevor G Shepherd
- London Regional Cancer Program, The Mary & John Knight Translational Ovarian Cancer Research Unit, 790 Commissioners Rd. E. Room A4-836, London, ON, N6A 4L6, Canada.
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Spagnol G, Sensi F, De Tommasi O, Marchetti M, Bonaldo G, Xhindoli L, Noventa M, Agostini M, Tozzi R, Saccardi C. Patient Derived Organoids (PDOs), Extracellular Matrix (ECM), Tumor Microenvironment (TME) and Drug Screening: State of the Art and Clinical Implications of Ovarian Cancer Organoids in the Era of Precision Medicine. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2059. [PMID: 37046719 PMCID: PMC10093183 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) has the highest mortality rate of all gynecological malignancies due to the high prevalence of advanced stages of diagnosis and the high rate of recurrence. Furthermore, the heterogeneity of OC tumors contributes to the rapid development of resistance to conventional chemotherapy. In recent years, in order to overcome these problems, targeted therapies have been introduced in various types of tumors, including gynecological cancer. However, the lack of predictive biomarkers showing different clinical benefits limits the effectiveness of these therapies. This requires the development of preclinical models that can replicate the histological and molecular characteristics of OC subtypes. In this scenario, organoids become an important preclinical model for personalized medicine. In fact, patient-derived organoids (PDO) recapture tumor heterogeneity with the possibility of performing drug screening. However, to best reproduce the patient's characteristics, it is necessary to develop a specific extracellular matrix (ECM) and introduce a tumor microenvironment (TME), which both represent an actual object of study to improve drug screening, particularly when used in targeted therapy and immunotherapy to guide therapeutic decisions. In this review, we summarize the current state of the art for the screening of PDOs, ECM, TME, and drugs in the setting of OC, as well as discussing the clinical implications and future perspectives for the research of OC organoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Spagnol
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Sensi
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35129 Padua, Italy
| | - Orazio De Tommasi
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Marchetti
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy
| | - Giulio Bonaldo
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy
| | - Livia Xhindoli
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Noventa
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35129 Padua, Italy
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgical, Oncological, and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy
| | - Roberto Tozzi
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy
| | - Carlo Saccardi
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
The disruption of the CCDC6 – PP4 axis induces a BRCAness like phenotype and sensitivity to PARP inhibitors in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:245. [PMID: 35964058 PMCID: PMC9375931 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment with PARP inhibitors (PARPi) is primarily effective against high-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOC) with BRCA1/2 mutations or other deficiencies in homologous recombination (HR) repair mechanisms. However, resistance to PARPi frequently develops, mostly as a result of BRCA1/2 reversion mutations. The tumour suppressor CCDC6 is involved in HR repair by regulating the PP4c phosphatase activity on γH2AX. In this work, we reported that in ovarian cancer cells, a physical or functional loss of CCDC6 results synthetic lethal with the PARP-inhibitors drugs, by affecting the HR repair. We also unravelled a role for CCDC6 as predictive marker of PARPi sensitivity in ovarian cancer, and the impact of CCDC6 downregulation in overcoming PARPi resistance in these tumours. Methods A panel of HGSOC cell lines (either BRCA-wild type or mutant) were treated with PARPi after CCDC6 was attenuated by silencing or by inhibiting USP7, a CCDC6-deubiquitinating enzyme, and the effects on cell survival were assessed. At the cellular and molecular levels, the processes underlying the CCDC6-dependent modification of drugs’ sensitivity were examined. Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) were immunostained for CCDC6, and the expression of the protein was analysed statistically after digital or visual means. Results HGSOC cells acquired PARPi sensitivity after CCDC6 depletion. Notably, CCDC6 downregulation restored the PARPi sensitivity in newly generated or spontaneously resistant cells containing either wild type- or mutant-BRCA2. When in an un-phosphorylated state, the CCDC6 residue threonine 427 is crucial for effective CCDC6-PP4 complex formation and PP4 sequestration, which maintains high γH2AX levels and effective HR. Remarkably, the PP4-dependent control of HR repair is influenced by the CCDC6 constitutively phosphorylated mutant T427D or by the CCDC6 loss, favouring PARPi sensitivity. As a result, the PP4 regulatory component PP4R3α showed to be essential for both the activity of the PP4 complex and the CCDC6 dependent PARPi sensitivity. It's interesting to note that immunohistochemistry revealed an intense CCDC6 protein staining in olaparib-resistant HGSOC cells and PDXs. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the physical loss or the functional impairment of CCDC6 enhances the PP4c complex activity, which causes BRCAness and PARPi sensitivity in HGSOC cells. Moreover, CCDC6 downregulation might overcome PARPi resistance in HGSOCs, thus supporting the potential of targeting CCDC6 by USP7 inhibitors to tackle PARPi resistance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02459-2.
Collapse
|
20
|
Restaino S, Wei JJ, Vizzielli G, Martinelli F. Editorial: Molecular influences in therapies in ovarian cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:991769. [PMID: 36003794 PMCID: PMC9393694 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.991769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Restaino
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, University-Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy
- *Correspondence: Stefano Restaino,
| | - Jian-Jun Wei
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Giuseppe Vizzielli
- Department of Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Fabio Martinelli
- Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Moya-Garcia CR, Okuyama H, Sadeghi N, Li J, Tabrizian M, Li-Jessen NYK. In vitro models for head and neck cancer: Current status and future perspective. Front Oncol 2022; 12:960340. [PMID: 35992863 PMCID: PMC9381731 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.960340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The 5-year overall survival rate remains approximately 50% for head and neck (H&N) cancer patients, even though new cancer drugs have been approved for clinical use since 2016. Cancer drug studies are now moving toward the use of three-dimensional culture models for better emulating the unique tumor microenvironment (TME) and better predicting in vivo response to cancer treatments. Distinctive TME features, such as tumor geometry, heterogenous cellularity, and hypoxic cues, notably affect tissue aggressiveness and drug resistance. However, these features have not been fully incorporated into in vitro H&N cancer models. This review paper aims to provide a scholarly assessment of the designs, contributions, and limitations of in vitro models in H&N cancer drug research. We first review the TME features of H&N cancer that are most relevant to in vitro drug evaluation. We then evaluate a selection of advanced culture models, namely, spheroids, organotypic models, and microfluidic chips, in their applications for H&N cancer drug research. Lastly, we propose future opportunities of in vitro H&N cancer research in the prospects of high-throughput drug screening and patient-specific drug evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hideaki Okuyama
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nader Sadeghi
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jianyu Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Maryam Tabrizian, ; Nicole Y. K. Li-Jessen,
| | - Nicole Y. K. Li-Jessen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Maryam Tabrizian, ; Nicole Y. K. Li-Jessen,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang Y, Dreyer B, Govorukhina N, Heberle AM, Končarević S, Krisp C, Opitz CA, Pfänder P, Bischoff R, Schlüter H, Kwiatkowski M, Thedieck K, Horvatovich PL. Comparative Assessment of Quantification Methods for Tumor Tissue Phosphoproteomics. Anal Chem 2022; 94:10893-10906. [PMID: 35880733 PMCID: PMC9366746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
![]()
With increasing sensitivity and accuracy in mass spectrometry,
the tumor phosphoproteome is getting into reach. However, the selection
of quantitation techniques best-suited to the biomedical question
and diagnostic requirements remains a trial and error decision as
no study has directly compared their performance for tumor tissue
phosphoproteomics. We compared label-free quantification (LFQ), spike-in-SILAC
(stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture), and tandem
mass tag (TMT) isobaric tandem mass tags technology for quantitative
phosphosite profiling in tumor tissue. Compared to the classic SILAC
method, spike-in-SILAC is not limited to cell culture analysis, making
it suitable for quantitative analysis of tumor tissue samples. TMT
offered the lowest accuracy and the highest precision and robustness
toward different phosphosite abundances and matrices. Spike-in-SILAC
offered the best compromise between these features but suffered from
a low phosphosite coverage. LFQ offered the lowest precision but the
highest number of identifications. Both spike-in-SILAC and LFQ presented
susceptibility to matrix effects. Match between run (MBR)-based analysis
enhanced the phosphosite coverage across technical replicates in LFQ
and spike-in-SILAC but further reduced the precision and robustness
of quantification. The choice of quantitative methodology is critical
for both study design such as sample size in sample groups and quantified
phosphosites and comparison of published cancer phosphoproteomes.
Using ovarian cancer tissue as an example, our study builds a resource
for the design and analysis of quantitative phosphoproteomic studies
in cancer research and diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.,Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Laboratory of Pediatrics, Section Systems Medicine of Metabolism and Signaling, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Dreyer
- Section/Core Facility Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Natalia Govorukhina
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander M Heberle
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Laboratory of Pediatrics, Section Systems Medicine of Metabolism and Signaling, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Saša Končarević
- Proteome Sciences R&D GmbH & Co. KG, Altenhöferallee 3, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Christoph Krisp
- Section/Core Facility Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christiane A Opitz
- Metabolic Crosstalk in Cancer, German Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pauline Pfänder
- Metabolic Crosstalk in Cancer, German Consortium of Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Bioscience, Heidelberg University, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Bischoff
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Section/Core Facility Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Kwiatkowski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen 9700 AD, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9700 AD, The Netherlands
| | - Kathrin Thedieck
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Laboratory of Pediatrics, Section Systems Medicine of Metabolism and Signaling, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Peter L Horvatovich
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Preclinical models of epithelial ovarian cancer: practical considerations and challenges for a meaningful application. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:364. [PMID: 35705879 PMCID: PMC9200670 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04395-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite many improvements in ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment, until now, conventional chemotherapy and new biological drugs have not been shown to cure the disease, and the overall prognosis remains poor. Over 90% of ovarian malignancies are categorized as epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC), a collection of different types of neoplasms with distinctive disease biology, response to chemotherapy, and outcome. Advances in our understanding of the histopathology and molecular features of EOC subtypes, as well as the cellular origins of these cancers, have given a boost to the development of clinically relevant experimental models. The overall goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive description of the available preclinical investigational approaches aimed at better characterizing disease development and progression and at identifying new therapeutic strategies. Systems discussed comprise monolayer (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cultures of established and primary cancer cell lines, organoids and patient-derived explants, animal models, including carcinogen-induced, syngeneic, genetically engineered mouse, xenografts, patient-derived xenografts (PDX), humanized PDX, and the zebrafish and the laying hen models. Recent advances in tumour-on-a-chip platforms are also detailed. The critical analysis of strengths and weaknesses of each experimental model will aid in identifying opportunities to optimize their translational value.
Collapse
|
24
|
Sette C, Paronetto MP. Somatic Mutations in Core Spliceosome Components Promote Tumorigenesis and Generate an Exploitable Vulnerability in Human Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071827. [PMID: 35406598 PMCID: PMC8997811 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary High throughput exome sequencing approaches have disclosed recurrent cancer-associated mutations in spliceosomal components, which drive aberrant pre-mRNA processing events and support the tumor phenotype. At the same time, mutations in spliceosome genes and aberrant splicing regulation establish a selective vulnerability of cancer cells to splicing-targeting approaches, which could be exploited therapeutically. It is conceivable that a better understanding of the mechanisms and roles of abnormal splicing in tumor metabolism will facilitate the development of a novel generation of tumor-targeting drugs. In this review, we describe recent advances in the elucidation of the biological impact and biochemical effects of somatic mutations in core spliceosome components on splicing choices and their associated targetable vulnerabilities. Abstract Alternative pre-mRNA processing enables the production of distinct mRNA and protein isoforms from a single gene, thus greatly expanding the coding potential of eukaryotic genomes and fine-tuning gene expression programs. Splicing is carried out by the spliceosome, a complex molecular machinery which assembles step-wise on mRNA precursors in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. In the last decade, exome sequencing technologies have allowed the identification of point mutations in genes encoding splicing factors as a recurrent hallmark of human cancers, with higher incidence in hematological malignancies. These mutations lead to production of splicing factors that reduce the fidelity of the splicing process and yield splicing variants that are often advantageous for cancer cells. However, at the same time, these mutations increase the sensitivity of transformed cells to splicing inhibitors, thus offering a therapeutic opportunity for novel targeted strategies. Herein, we review the recent literature documenting cancer-associated mutations in components of the early spliceosome complex and discuss novel therapeutic strategies based on small-molecule spliceosome inhibitors that exhibit strong anti-tumor effects, particularly against cancer cells harboring mutations in spliceosomal components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Sette
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- GSTEP-Organoids Core Facility, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Paronetto
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Piazza Lauro De Bosis, 6, 00135 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sisman Y, Schnack T, Høgdall E, Høgdall C. Organoids and epithelial ovarian cancer - a future tool for personalized treatment decisions? (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 2022; 16:29. [PMID: 34987799 PMCID: PMC8719262 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the 5th leading cause of cancer-associated death in females worldwide. Although 80% of cases respond well to initial treatment, >70% develop recurrent disease and become chemoresistant within the first two years. Therefore, there is a great need for predictive biomarkers to guide treatment. In the era of precision medicine, organoids are studied as a functional method to predict treatment response to oncological treatment. The overall purpose of the present systematic review was to uncover the current status of patient-derived organoids and their ability to perform drug screenings for EOC. A systematic search for studies investigating ovarian cancer and organoids was performed using PubMed and the Cochrane Library. A total of 10 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The growth rates of organoids were described in six studies and varied between 29 and 90%. Only four studies included data on clinical outcomes and indicated a positive correlation between clinical response and drug screening results. Inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity was examined in seven studies. They all suggested that the organoids recapture the tumor heterogeneity. Only one study performed drug screenings on organoids obtained from different tumor sites and metastasis from the same patient with EOC and revealed a different response to at least one drug for all patients. In conclusion, organoids may provide a platform for predicting the clinical response to chemotherapy and gene-targeting therapy. However, the results are only exploratory and the number of published drug screening studies is minimal. Further research is required to prove that organoids are able to support the choice of oncological treatment in patients with EOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yagmur Sisman
- Department of Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Tine Schnack
- Department of Gynecology, Odense University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Claus Høgdall
- Department of Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Naro C, Bielli P, Sette C. Oncogenic dysregulation of pre-mRNA processing by protein kinases: challenges and therapeutic opportunities. FEBS J 2021; 288:6250-6272. [PMID: 34092037 PMCID: PMC8596628 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alternative splicing and polyadenylation represent two major steps in pre-mRNA-processing, which ensure proper gene expression and diversification of human transcriptomes. Deregulation of these processes contributes to oncogenic programmes involved in the onset, progression and evolution of human cancers, which often result in the acquisition of resistance to existing therapies. On the other hand, cancer cells frequently increase their transcriptional rate and develop a transcriptional addiction, which imposes a high stress on the pre-mRNA-processing machinery and establishes a therapeutically exploitable vulnerability. A prominent role in fine-tuning pre-mRNA-processing mechanisms is played by three main families of protein kinases: serine arginine protein kinase (SRPK), CDC-like kinase (CLK) and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK). These kinases phosphorylate the RNA polymerase, splicing factors and regulatory proteins involved in cleavage and polyadenylation of the nascent transcripts. The activity of SRPKs, CLKs and CDKs can be altered in cancer cells, and their inhibition was shown to exert anticancer effects. In this review, we describe key findings that have been reported on these topics and discuss challenges and opportunities of developing therapeutic approaches targeting splicing factor kinases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Naro
- Department of NeuroscienceSection of Human AnatomyCatholic University of the Sacred HeartRomeItaly
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. GemelliIRCCSRomeItaly
| | - Pamela Bielli
- Department of Biomedicine and PreventionUniversity of Rome Tor VergataItaly
- Fondazione Santa LuciaIRCCSRomeItaly
| | - Claudio Sette
- Department of NeuroscienceSection of Human AnatomyCatholic University of the Sacred HeartRomeItaly
- Fondazione Santa LuciaIRCCSRomeItaly
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Qu J, Kalyani FS, Liu L, Cheng T, Chen L. Tumor organoids: synergistic applications, current challenges, and future prospects in cancer therapy. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:1331-1353. [PMID: 34713636 PMCID: PMC8696219 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived cancer cells (PDCs) and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) are often used as tumor models, but have many shortcomings. PDCs not only lack diversity in terms of cell type, spatial organization, and microenvironment but also have adverse effects in stem cell cultures, whereas PDX are expensive with a low transplantation success rate and require a long culture time. In recent years, advances in three-dimensional (3D) organoid culture technology have led to the development of novel physiological systems that model the tissues of origin more precisely than traditional culture methods. Patient-derived cancer organoids bridge the conventional gaps in PDC and PDX models and closely reflect the pathophysiological features of natural tumorigenesis and metastasis, and have led to new patient-specific drug screening techniques, development of individualized treatment regimens, and discovery of prognostic biomarkers and mechanisms of resistance. Synergistic combinations of cancer organoids with other technologies, for example, organ-on-a-chip, 3D bio-printing, and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated homology-independent organoid transgenesis, and with treatments, such as immunotherapy, have been useful in overcoming their limitations and led to the development of more suitable model systems that recapitulate the complex stroma of cancer, inter-organ and intra-organ communications, and potentially multiorgan metastasis. In this review, we discuss various methods for the creation of organ-specific cancer organoids and summarize organ-specific advances and applications, synergistic technologies, and treatments as well as current limitations and future prospects for cancer organoids. Further advances will bring this novel 3D organoid culture technique closer to clinical practice in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Qu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China.,Lung Cancer and Gastroenterology Department, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Farhin Shaheed Kalyani
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Li Liu
- Lung Cancer and Gastroenterology Department, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Tianli Cheng
- Thoracic Medicine Department 1, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|