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Özbilgin Ş, Gökmen N. Could MicroRNA be Neurological Prognosis Biomarkers after Cardiac Arrest? Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim 2024; 52:49-53. [PMID: 38700105 DOI: 10.4274/tjar.2024.241557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
For patients monitored in intensive care units in the aftermath of a cardiac arrest, one of the well-established difficulties of care after resuscitation is the ability to perform the necessary prognostic assessments as accurately and early as possible. Although current guidelines include algorithms to determine prognosis, there are still missing links and uncertainties. Biomarkers obtained from peripheral blood are generally non-invasive and easy to obtain. Although the potential to use microRNA as a prognostic biomarker after cardiac arrest has received less interest recently, its popularity has increased in the last few years. By identifying prognostic biomarkers within 24 h of cardiac arrest, clinicians in intensive care could gain valuable insights to guide patient outcomes and predict both mortality and survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şule Özbilgin
- Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Necati Gökmen
- Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, İzmir, Turkey
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2
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Zhang Q, Zhan H, Liu C, Zhang C, Wei H, Li B, Zhou D, Lu Y, Huang S, Cheng J, Li S, Wang C, Hu C, Liao X. Neuroprotective Effect of miR-483-5p Against Cardiac Arrest-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction Mediated Through the TNFSF8/AMPK/JNK Signaling Pathway. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022:10.1007/s10571-022-01296-3. [PMID: 36266523 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01296-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Substantial morbidity and mortality are associated with postcardiac arrest brain injury (PCABI). MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are essential regulators of neuronal metabolism processes and have been shown to contribute to alleviated neurological injury after cardiac arrest. In this study, we identified miRNAs related to the prognosis of patients with neurological dysfunction after cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then, we explored the effects of miR-483-5p on mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis, and oxidative stress levels after ischemia‒reperfusion injury in vitro and in vivo. MiR-483-5p was downregulated in PC12 cells and hippocampal samples compared with that in normal group cells and hippocampi. Overexpression of miR-483-5p increased the viability of PC12 cells after ischemia‒reperfusion injury and reduced the proportion of dead cells. A western blot analysis showed that miR-483-5p increased the protein expression of PCG-1, NRF1, and TFAM and reduced the protein expression of Bax and cleaved caspase 3, inhibiting the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and alleviating oxidative stress injury by inhibiting the production of ROS and reducing MDA activity. We confirmed that miR-483-5p targeted TNFSF8 to regulate the AMPK/JNK pathway, thereby playing a neuroprotective role after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Hence, this study provides further insights into strategies for inhibiting neurological impairment after cardiopulmonary resuscitation and suggests a potential therapeutic target for PCABI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Haohong Zhan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hongyan Wei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Dawang Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yuanzheng Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Shaomin Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Jingge Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Shuhao Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chuyue Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Chunlin Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Xiaoxing Liao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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3
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miRNA Delivery by Nanosystems: State of the Art and Perspectives. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111901. [PMID: 34834316 PMCID: PMC8619868 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (~21-23 nucleotides), non-coding endogenous RNA molecules that modulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level via the endogenous RNA interference machinery of the cell. They have emerged as potential biopharmaceuticals candidates for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, in order to advance miRNAs therapeutics into clinical settings, their delivery remains a major challenge. Different types of vectors have been investigated to allow the delivery of miRNA in the diseased tissue. In particular, non-viral delivery systems have shown important advantages such as versatility, low cost, easy fabrication and low immunogenicity. Here, we present a general overview of the main types of non-viral vectors developed for miRNA delivery, with their advantages, limitations and future perspectives.
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Therapeutic Value of miRNAs in Coronary Artery Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8853748. [PMID: 33953838 PMCID: PMC8057887 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8853748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic ischemic coronary artery disease (CAD) is a significant community health challenge and the principal cause of morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries for all ethnic groups. The progressive chronic coronary atherosclerosis is the main underlying cause of CAD. Although enormous progress occurred in the last three decades in the management of cardiovascular diseases, the prevalence of CAD continues to increase worldwide, indicating the need for discovery of deeper molecular insights of CAD mechanisms, biomarkers, and innovative therapeutic targets. Recently, several research groups established that microRNAs essentially regulate various cardiovascular development and functions, and a deregulated cardiac enriched microRNA profile plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of CAD and its biological aging. Numerous studies established that over- or downregulation of a single miRNA gene by ago-miRNA or anti-miRNA is enough to modify the CAD disease process, significantly prevent age-dependent cardiac cell death, and markedly improve cardiac function. In the light of more recent experimental and clinical evidences, we briefly reviewed and discussed the involvement of miRNAs in CAD and their possible diagnostic/therapeutic values. Moreover, we also focused on the role of miRNAs in the initiation and progression of the atherosclerosis plaque as the strongest risk factor for CAD.
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5
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Moraes FC, Antunes JC, Forero Ramirez LM, Aprile P, Franck G, Chauvierre C, Chaubet F, Letourneur D. Synthesis of cationic quaternized pullulan derivatives for miRNA delivery. Int J Pharm 2020; 577:119041. [PMID: 31978463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pullulan is a natural polysaccharide of potential interest for biomedical applications due to its non-toxic, non-immunogenic and biodegradable properties. The aim of this work was to synthesize cationic pullulan derivatives able to form complexes with microRNAs (miRNAs) driven by electrostatic interaction (polyplexes). Quaternized ammonium groups were linked to pullulan backbone by adding the reactive glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTMAC). The presence of these cationic groups within the pullulan was confirmed by elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The alkylated pullulan was able to interact with miRNA and form stable polyplexes that were characterized regarding size, zeta potential and morphology. The presence of miRNA was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis and UV spectrophotometry. In vitro tests on human umbilical vein endothelial cells did not show any cytotoxicity after 1 day of incubation with nanosized polyplexes up to 200 µg/mL. QA-pullulan was able to promote miRNA delivery inside cells as demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy images of labelled miRNA. In conclusion, the formation of polyplexes using cationic derivatives of pullulan with miRNA provided an easy and versatile method for polysaccharide nanoparticle production in aqueous media and could be a new promising platform for gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C Moraes
- INSERM, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, X. Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Paris, France.
| | - Joana C Antunes
- Universidade do Minho, 2C2T, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Laura Marcela Forero Ramirez
- INSERM, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, X. Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Paris, France.
| | - Paola Aprile
- INSERM, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, X. Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Paris, France.
| | - Gregory Franck
- INSERM, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, X. Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Paris, France.
| | - Cédric Chauvierre
- INSERM, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, X. Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Paris, France.
| | - Frédéric Chaubet
- INSERM, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, X. Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Paris, France.
| | - Didier Letourneur
- INSERM, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, X. Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France.
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Antunes JC, Benarroch L, Moraes FC, Juenet M, Gross MS, Aubart M, Boileau C, Caligiuri G, Nicoletti A, Ollivier V, Chaubet F, Letourneur D, Chauvierre C. Core-Shell Polymer-Based Nanoparticles Deliver miR-155-5p to Endothelial Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:210-222. [PMID: 31265949 PMCID: PMC6610682 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure occurs in over 30% of the worldwide population and most commonly originates from cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction. microRNAs (miRNAs) target and silence specific mRNAs, thereby regulating gene expression. Because the endogenous miR-155-5p has been ascribed to vasculoprotection, loading it onto positively charged, core-shell poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) (PIBCA)-polysaccharide nanoparticles (NPs) was attempted. NPs showed a decrease (p < 0.0001) in surface electrical charge (ζ potential), with negligible changes in size or shape when loaded with the anionic miR-155-5p. Presence of miR-155-5p in loaded NPs was further quantified. Cytocompatibility up to 100 μg/mL of NPs for 2 days with human coronary artery endothelial cells (hCAECs) was documented. NPs were able to enter hCAECs and were localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Expression of miR-155-5p was increased within the cells by 75-fold after 4 hours of incubation (p < 0.05) and was still noticeable at day 2. Differences between loaded NP-cultured cells and free miRNA, at days 1 (p < 0.05) and 2 (p < 0.001) suggest the ability of prolonged load release in physiological conditions. Expression of miR-155-5p downstream target BACH1 was decreased in the cells by 4-fold after 1 day of incubation (p < 0.05). This study is a first proof of concept that miR-155-5p can be loaded onto NPs and remain intact and biologically active in endothelial cells (ECs). These nanosystems could potentially increase an endogenous cytoprotective response and decrease damage within infarcted hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana C Antunes
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Louise Benarroch
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Fernanda C Moraes
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Maya Juenet
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Sylvie Gross
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Mélodie Aubart
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Boileau
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Giuseppina Caligiuri
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Antonino Nicoletti
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Véronique Ollivier
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Chaubet
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Didier Letourneur
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Cédric Chauvierre
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France.
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Tissier R, Hocini H, Tchitchek N, Deye N, Legriel S, Pichon N, Daubin C, Hermine O, Carli P, Vivien B, Tréluyer JM, Lefebvre C, Tisserand P, Dubois-Randé JL, Berdeaux A, Ghaleh B, Lelièvre JD, Levy Y, Cariou A. Early blood transcriptomic signature predicts patients' outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2019; 138:222-232. [PMID: 30885824 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early prognostication is a major challenge after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). AIMS We hypothesized that a genome-wide analysis of blood gene expression could offer new prognostic tools and lines of research. METHODS Sixty-nine patients were enrolled from an ancillary study of the clinical trial NCT00999583 that tested the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) after OHCA. Blood samples were collected in comatose survivors of OHCA at hospital admission and 1 and 3 days after resuscitation. Gene expression profiles were analyzed (Illumina HumanHT-12 V4 BeadChip; >34,000 genes). Patients were classified into two categories representing neurological favorable outcome (cerebral performance category [CPC] = 1-2) vs unfavorable outcome (CPC > 2) at Day 60 after OHCA. Differential and functional enrichment analyses were performed to compare transcriptomic profiles between these two categories. RESULTS Among the 69 enrolled patients, 33 and 36 patients were treated or not by EPO, respectively. Among them, 42% had a favorable neurological outcome in both groups. EPO did not affect the transcriptomic response at Day-0 and 1 after OHCA. In contrast, 76 transcripts differed at Day-0 between patients with unfavorable vs favorable neurological outcome. This signature persisted at Day-1 after OHCA. Functional enrichment analysis revealed a down-regulation of adaptive immunity with concomitant up-regulation of innate immunity and inflammation in patients with unfavorable vs favorable neurological outcome. The transcription of many genes of the HLA family was decreased in patients with unfavorable vs favorable neurological outcome. Concomitantly, neutrophil activation and inflammation were observed. Up-stream regulators analysis showed the implication of numerous factors involved in cell cycle and damages. A logistic regression including a set of genes allowed a reliable prediction of the clinical outcomes (specificity = 88%; Hit Rate = 83%). CONCLUSIONS A transcriptomic signature involving a counterbalance between adaptive and innate immune responses is able to predict neurological outcome very early after hospital admission after OHCA. This deserves confirmation in a larger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renaud Tissier
- Inserm, U955, F94000, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, F-94000, Créteil, France.
| | - Hakim Hocini
- Inserm, U955, F94000, Créteil, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris Est-Créteil, F-94000, Créteil, France
| | - Nicolas Tchitchek
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris Est-Créteil, F-94000, Créteil, France; CEA - Université Paris Sud 11 - INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Infrastructure, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Nicolas Deye
- Medical ICU, Inserm U942, Lariboisiere Hospital, APHP, F-75010, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Legriel
- Intensive Care Unit, Versailles Hospital, Le Chesnay, F-78150, France
| | - Nicolas Pichon
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Dupuytren, Limoges, F-87042, France
| | - Cédric Daubin
- CHU de Caen, Department of Medical Intensive Care, Caen, F-14000, France
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Department of Hematology and INSERM U1163 CNRS ERL 8654, Imagine Institute and Necker Hospital, Paris, F-75015, France
| | - Pierre Carli
- SAMU de Paris, Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Universitaire Necker- Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Benoît Vivien
- SAMU de Paris, Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Universitaire Necker- Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Tréluyer
- Clinical Research Unit, Paris Centre and Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Lefebvre
- Inserm, U955, F94000, Créteil, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris Est-Créteil, F-94000, Créteil, France
| | - Pascaline Tisserand
- Inserm, U955, F94000, Créteil, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris Est-Créteil, F-94000, Créteil, France
| | - Jean-Luc Dubois-Randé
- Inserm, U955, F94000, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, F-94000, Créteil, France
| | - Alain Berdeaux
- Inserm, U955, F94000, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, F-94000, Créteil, France
| | - Bijan Ghaleh
- Inserm, U955, F94000, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, F-94000, Créteil, France; APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Plateforme de Ressources Biologiques, F-94000, Créteil, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Lelièvre
- Inserm, U955, F94000, Créteil, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris Est-Créteil, F-94000, Créteil, France
| | - Yves Levy
- Inserm, U955, F94000, Créteil, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris Est-Créteil, F-94000, Créteil, France.
| | - Alain Cariou
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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Non-Coding RNAs to Aid in Neurological Prognosis after Cardiac Arrest. Noncoding RNA 2018; 4:ncrna4040042. [PMID: 30567385 PMCID: PMC6316658 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna4040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease in general, and sudden cardiac death in particular, have an enormous socio-economic burden worldwide. Despite significant efforts to improve cardiopulmonary resuscitation, survival rates remain low. Moreover, patients who survive to hospital discharge have a high risk of developing severe physical or neurological symptoms. Being able to predict outcomes after resuscitation from cardiac arrest would make it possible to tailor healthcare approaches, thereby maximising efforts for those who would mostly benefit from aggressive therapy. However, the identification of patients at risk of poor recovery after cardiac arrest is still a challenging task which could be facilitated by novel biomarkers. Recent investigations have recognised the potential of non-coding RNAs to aid in outcome prediction after cardiac arrest. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries and propose a handful of novel perspectives for the use of non-coding RNAs to predict outcome after cardiac arrest, discussing their use for precision medicine.
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE To maintain homeostasis, gene expression has to be tightly regulated by complex and multiple mechanisms occurring at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels. One crucial regulatory component is represented by long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), nonprotein-coding RNA species implicated in all of these levels. Thus, lncRNAs have been associated with any given process or pathway of interest in a variety of systems, including the heart. Recent Advances: Mounting evidence implicates lncRNAs in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and progression and their presence in the blood of heart disease patients indicates that they are attractive potential biomarkers. CRITICAL ISSUES Our understanding of the regulation and molecular mechanisms of action of most lncRNAs remains rudimentary. A challenge is represented by their often low evolutionary sequence conservation that limits the use of animal models for preclinical studies. Nevertheless, a growing number of lncRNAs with an impact on heart function is rapidly accumulating. In this study, we will discuss (i) lncRNAs that control heart homeostasis and disease; (ii) concepts, approaches, and methodologies necessary to study lncRNAs in the heart; and (iii) challenges posed and opportunities presented by lncRNAs as potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers. FUTURE DIRECTIONS A deeper knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underpinning CVDs is necessary to develop more effective treatments. Further studies are needed to clarify the regulation and function of lncRNAs in the heart before they can be considered as therapeutic targets and disease biomarkers. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 880-901.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Greco
- 1 Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato , Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Salgado Somoza
- 2 Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH) , Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Yvan Devaux
- 2 Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH) , Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Fabio Martelli
- 1 Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato , Milan, Italy
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10
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Schulz A, Stammet P, Dierolf AM, Vögele C, Beyenburg S, Werer C, Devaux Y. Late heartbeat-evoked potentials are associated with survival after cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2018; 126:7-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Parizadeh SM, Ferns GA, Ghandehari M, Hassanian SM, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Parizadeh SMR, Avan A. The diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating microRNAs in coronary artery disease: A novel approach to disease diagnosis of stable CAD and acute coronary syndrome. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6418-6424. [PMID: 29215707 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common manifestation of CVD and the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is associated with a substantial morbidity and mortality in most populations globally. There are several biomarkers for diagnosis of MI. Troponin is routinely used as a biomarker in patients with chest pain, but it lacks sensitivity in the first hours of onset of symptoms, and so there is still a clinical need for new biomarkers for the diagnosis of CAD events. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs are involved in atherosclerotic plaque formation and their expression is altered during CAD events. Whilst studies have shown that several miRNAs are not superior to troponin in the diagnosis of a MI, they may be useful in the early diagnosis and prognosis of patients with CAD, however further studies are required. In this review we have summarized the recent studies investigating circulating miRNAs as novel biomarkers for the early detection of MI, CVD risk stratification and in the assessment of the prognosis of patients with ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mostafa Parizadeh
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, UK
| | - Maryam Ghandehari
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Reza Parizadeh
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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12
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Kreth S, Hübner M, Hinske LC. MicroRNAs as Clinical Biomarkers and Therapeutic Tools in Perioperative Medicine. Anesth Analg 2018; 126:670-681. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000002444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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13
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14
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Devaux Y, Salgado-Somoza A, Dankiewicz J, Boileau A, Stammet P, Schritz A, Zhang L, Vausort M, Gilje P, Erlinge D, Hassager C, Wise MP, Kuiper M, Friberg H, Nielsen N. Incremental Value of Circulating MiR-122-5p to Predict Outcome after Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest. Theranostics 2017; 7:2555-2564. [PMID: 28819446 PMCID: PMC5558552 DOI: 10.7150/thno.19851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale. The value of microRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers has been addressed in various clinical contexts. Initial studies suggested that miRNAs, such as the brain-enriched miR-124-3p, might improve outcome prediction after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The aim of this study is to determine the prognostic value of miR-122-5p in a large cohort of comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Methods. We analyzed 590 patients from the Targeted Temperature Management trial (TTM-trial). Circulating levels of miR-122-5p were measured in serum samples obtained 48 hours after return of spontaneous circulation. The primary end-point was poor neurological outcome at 6 months evaluated by the cerebral performance category score. The secondary end-point was survival at the end of the trial. Results. Forty-eight percent of patients had a poor neurological outcome at 6 months and 43% were dead at the end of the trial. Levels of miR-122-5p were lower in patients with poor neurological outcome compared to patients with good neurological outcome (p<0.001), independently of targeted temperature management regimen. Levels of miR-122-5p were significant univariate predictors of neurological outcome (odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.71 [0.57-0.88]). In multivariable analyses, miR-122-5p was an independent predictor of neurological outcome and improved the predictive value of a clinical model including miR-124-3p (integrated discrimination improvement of 0.03 [0.02-0.04]). In Cox proportional hazards models, miR-122-5p was a significant predictor of survival at the end of the trial. Conclusion. Circulating levels of miR-122-5p improve the prediction of outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg
| | | | - Josef Dankiewicz
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Adeline Boileau
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg
| | - Pascal Stammet
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Anna Schritz
- Competence Centre for Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg
| | - Lu Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg
| | - Mélanie Vausort
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg
| | - Patrik Gilje
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - David Erlinge
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christian Hassager
- Department of Cardiology B, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthew P. Wise
- Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Kuiper
- Department of Intensive Care, Leeuwarden Medical Centrum, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Friberg
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Niklas Nielsen
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden
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Neuroprognostication after cardiac arrest in the light of targeted temperature management. Curr Opin Crit Care 2017; 23:244-250. [DOI: 10.1097/mcc.0000000000000406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Identification of MicroRNA-124-3p as a Putative Epigenetic Signature of Major Depressive Disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 2017; 42:864-875. [PMID: 27577603 PMCID: PMC5312059 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2016.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is predicted to be the second leading cause of global disease burden by 2030. A large number of MDD patients do not respond to the currently available medication because of its poorly understood etiology. Recently, studies of microRNAs (miRNAs), which act as a molecular switch of gene expression, have shown promise in identifying a molecular network that could provide significant clues to various psychiatric illnesses. Using an in vitro system, a rodent depression model, and a human postmortem brain, we investigated the role of a brain-enriched, neuron-specific miRNA, miR-124-3p, whose expression is highly dysregulated in stressed rodents, and identified a set of target genes involved in stress response and neural plasticity. We also found that miR-124-3p is epigenetically regulated and its interaction with the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) is compromised in MDD. Using blood serum, we found similar dysregulation of miR-124-3p in antidepressant-free MDD subjects. Altogether, our study demonstrates potential contribution of miR-124-3p in the pathophysiology of MDD and suggests that this miRNA may serve as a novel target for drug development and a biomarker for MDD pathogenesis.
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Garberg HT, Huun MU, Baumbusch LO, Åsegg-Atneosen M, Solberg R, Saugstad OD. Temporal Profile of Circulating microRNAs after Global Hypoxia-Ischemia in Newborn Piglets. Neonatology 2017; 111:133-139. [PMID: 27750254 DOI: 10.1159/000449032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of reliable biomarkers that can identify and grade acute hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in newborns. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are short, non-coding strands of RNA that are released into the circulation in response to tissue stress and injury. Some miRNAs are highly tissue specific and thus may potentially be non-invasive biomarkers of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to characterize the temporal expression of selected circulating miRNAs in a clinically relevant piglet model of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI). METHODS A total of 13 anesthetized newborn piglets were randomized to either a control group (n = 5) or transient global HI group (n = 8). HI was achieved by ventilation with 8% oxygen until the point of severe acidosis (arterial base excess ≤-20 mmol/l) and/or hypotension (mean arterial blood pressure ≤20 mm Hg) was reached. Plasma was sampled at baseline, at the end of HI and 0.5, 3.5 and 9.5 h after HI. MiRNA expression was measured by qRT-PCR. RESULTS Compared to baseline, miR-374a increased during HI (p = 0.01), remained elevated at 0.5 h after HI (p = 0.02) and was downregulated at 9.5 h after HI (p = 0.02). MiR-210 increased during HI (p = 0.02) and rapidly normalized by 0.5 h after HI. MiR-124 and miR-125b did not exhibit significant alterations. Correlations were observed between miR-374a, arterial pH, base excess and lactate levels, and between miR-210 and pO2 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that miR-374a and miR-210 are important regulators in neonatal HI and might have a place as biomarkers in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Håvard Tetlie Garberg
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway
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Rogobete AF, Bedreag OH, Popovici SE, Sas AM, Stan AT, Stoicescu ER, Sandesc D. Detection of Myocardial Injury Using miRNAs Expression as Genetic Biomarkers in Acute Cardiac Care. JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR EMERGENCIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/jce-2016-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death globally. At present, there are many ways to diagnose this pathophysiology. The greatest disadvantages related to current biomarkers are their low specificity, low selectivity and low accuracy. A new method, extensively studied recently, is the expression of miRNAs, used as genetic biomarkers for the early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. This paper presents an update of miRNAs species expression that can serve as early diagnostic biomarkers and for the continuous monitoring of patients with cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Florin Rogobete
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, “Pius Brînzeu” County Emergency Hospital, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Horea Bedreag
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, “Pius Brînzeu” County Emergency Hospital, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Sonia Elena Popovici
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Adriana Mariana Sas
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Adrian Tudor Stan
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Emil Robert Stoicescu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Dorel Sandesc
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, “Pius Brînzeu” County Emergency Hospital, Timișoara, Romania
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Kim J, Yin T, Shinozaki K, Lampe JW, Becker LB. Potential of lysophosphatidylinositol as a prognostic indicator of cardiac arrest using a rat model. Biomarkers 2016; 22:755-763. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2016.1265002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junhwan Kim
- Laboratory for Critical Care Physiology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Tai Yin
- Laboratory for Critical Care Physiology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Koichiro Shinozaki
- Laboratory for Critical Care Physiology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Joshua W. Lampe
- Laboratory for Critical Care Physiology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Lance B. Becker
- Laboratory for Critical Care Physiology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY, USA
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Abstract
Ischemic disorders, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease, are the most common causes of debilitating disease and death in westernized cultures. The extent of tissue injury relates directly to the extent of blood flow reduction and to the length of the ischemic period, which influence the levels to which cellular ATP and intracellular pH are reduced. By impairing ATPase-dependent ion transport, ischemia causes intracellular and mitochondrial calcium levels to increase (calcium overload). Cell volume regulatory mechanisms are also disrupted by the lack of ATP, which can induce lysis of organelle and plasma membranes. Reperfusion, although required to salvage oxygen-starved tissues, produces paradoxical tissue responses that fuel the production of reactive oxygen species (oxygen paradox), sequestration of proinflammatory immunocytes in ischemic tissues, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and development of postischemic capillary no-reflow, which amplify tissue injury. These pathologic events culminate in opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores as a common end-effector of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced cell lysis and death. Emerging concepts include the influence of the intestinal microbiome, fetal programming, epigenetic changes, and microparticles in the pathogenesis of I/R. The overall goal of this review is to describe these and other mechanisms that contribute to I/R injury. Because so many different deleterious events participate in I/R, it is clear that therapeutic approaches will be effective only when multiple pathologic processes are targeted. In addition, the translational significance of I/R research will be enhanced by much wider use of animal models that incorporate the complicating effects of risk factors for cardiovascular disease. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:113-170, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Kalogeris
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Christopher P. Baines
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Maike Krenz
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Ronald J. Korthuis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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Bhadra U, Patra P, Chhatai J, Pal-Bhadra M. Pigmy MicroRNA: surveillance cops in Therapies kingdom. Mol Med 2016; 22:759-775. [PMID: 27704139 PMCID: PMC5193465 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2016.00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are well preserved in every animal. These pigmy sized non-coding RNAs (21-23 nt), scattered in genome, are responsible for micromanaging the versatile gene regulations. Involvement of miRNAs was surveillance cops in all human diseases including cardiovascular defects, tumor formation, reproductive pathways, and neurological and autoimmune disorders. The effective functional role of miRNA can be reduced by chemical entities of antisense oligonucleotides and versatile small molecules that support the views of novel therapy of different human diseases. In this study, we have updated our current understanding for designing and synthesizing miRNA-controlling therapeutic chemicals. We have also proposed various in-vivo delivery strategies and their ongoing challenges to combat the incorporation hurdles in live cells and animals. Lastly, we have demonstrated the current progress of miRNA modulation in the treatment of different human diseases that provides an alternative approach of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Bhadra
- Functional Genomics and Gene Silencing Group, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pradipta Patra
- Functional Genomics and Gene Silencing Group, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jagamohan Chhatai
- Functional Genomics and Gene Silencing Group, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, India
| | - Manika Pal-Bhadra
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, India
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Ruivo C, Jesus C, Morais J, Viana P. Predictors of death among cardiac arrest patients after therapeutic hypothermia: A non-tertiary care center's initial experience. REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repce.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Ruivo C, Jesus C, Morais J, Viana P. Predictors of death among cardiac arrest patients after therapeutic hypothermia: A non-tertiary care center's initial experience. Rev Port Cardiol 2016; 35:423-31. [PMID: 27374413 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is recommended for patients with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest (CA). There is still uncertainty about management, target temperature and duration of TH. In the present study we aim to describe the initial experience of a non-tertiary care center with TH after CA and to determine predictors of mortality. METHODS During the period 2011-2014, out of 2279 patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit, 82 had a diagnosis of CA with ROSC. We determined predictors of mortality and neurological outcome in comatose patients with ROSC after CA treated by TH. RESULTS A total of 15 patients were included, mean age 47.3±14 years, 10 (67.0%) male. CA occurred out-of-hospital (n=11; 73.3%) or in-hospital (n=4; 26.7%), in initial shockable (n=10; 66.7%) or non-shockable (n=5, 33.3%) rhythm. The mean time from CA to ROSC (CA-ROSC) was 44.7±36.5 min. All patients met the 24-hour TH target temperature of 33°C. The mean neuron-specific enolase (NSE) level was 93.7±109.0 μg/l. Seven patients (46.7%) were discharged with good cerebral performance and eight (53.3%) died. Patients who survived had lower median age (p=0.032), shorter CA-ROSC (p=0.048), lower NSE levels (p=0.020) and initial ventricular fibrillation rhythm (p=NS). CONCLUSIONS The effectiveness of TH appears to be related to younger age, shockable initial rhythm and shorter CA-ROSC time. This results indicates some lines of inquiry that should be developed in appropriate prospective studies. The role of biomarkers as predictors of prognosis is an open question, with NSE potentially playing an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Ruivo
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.
| | - Célia Jesus
- Serviço de Medicina Intensiva, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - João Morais
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Paula Viana
- Serviço de Medicina Intensiva, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
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Samanta S, Balasubramanian S, Rajasingh S, Patel U, Dhanasekaran A, Dawn B, Rajasingh J. MicroRNA: A new therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2016; 26:407-19. [PMID: 27013138 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, and hypertension are the most common heart-related diseases that affect both the heart and the blood vessels. Multiple independent risk factors have been shown to be responsible for cardiovascular diseases. The combination of a healthy diet, exercise, and smoking cessation keeps these risk factors in check and helps maintain homeostasis. The dynamic monolayer endothelial cell integrity and cell-cell communication are the fundamental mechanisms in maintaining homeostasis. Recently, it has been revealed that small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a critical role in regulation of genes involved in either posttranscriptional or pretranslational modifications. They also control diverse biological functions like development, differentiation, growth, and metabolism. Among ncRNAs, the short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been extensively studied, but their specific functions remain largely unknown. In recent years, miRNAs are efficiently studied as one of the important candidates for involvement in most biological processes and have been implicated in many human diseases. Thus, the identification and the respective targets of miRNAs may provide novel molecular insight and new therapeutic strategies to treat diseases. This review summarizes the recent developments and insight on the role of miRNAs in cardiovascular disease prognosis, diagnostic and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheli Samanta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Sathyamoorthy Balasubramanian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sheeja Rajasingh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Urmi Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | | | - Buddhadeb Dawn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Johnson Rajasingh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS.
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miR-155 acts as an anti-inflammatory factor in atherosclerosis-associated foam cell formation by repressing calcium-regulated heat stable protein 1. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21789. [PMID: 26899994 PMCID: PMC4761895 DOI: 10.1038/srep21789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is chronic inflammation in response to lipid accumulation. MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) is being increasingly studied to evaluate its potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in many diseases. However, delineating the role of miR-155 in AS remains difficult. Here, we detected constitutive expression of several microRNAs (miRNAs) possibly associated with cardiovascular disease in foam cells and clinical specimens from patients with AS. Among them, we found that the level of miR-155 in foam cells was the most significantly elevated in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In addition, the expression of miR-155 was elevated in the plasma and plaque of patients with AS. We also reported for the first time that miR-155 targets calcium-regulated heat stable protein 1 (CARHSP1), which regulates the stability of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) mRNA. Furthermore, we investigated the mechanism by which the miR-155 level is elevated. miR-155 upregulation is due to transcriptional regulation by nuclear factor (NF)-κB, which is activated by the inflammatory factor TNF-α. In summary, increased miR-155 relieves chronic inflammation by a negative feedback loop and plays a protective role during atherosclerosis-associated foam cell formation by signaling through the miR-155–CARHSP1–TNF-α pathway.
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Song YC, Li WJ, Li LZ. Regulatory effect of miRNA 320a on expression of aquaporin 4 in brain tissue of epileptic rats. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2015; 8:807-12. [PMID: 26522295 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the expression of miRNA 320a in the brain tissue of epileptic rats and analyze its effect on the expression of aquaporin 4 (AQP4). METHODS All rats were performed with the intraperitoneal injection of lithium chloride (3 mmol/kg) and then the intraperitoneal injection of pilocarpine (30 mg/kg) 24 h later (injected twice) to prepare the epileptic model of Wistar rats. Rats in the control group were injected with the equal volume of normal saline. According to the Racine scale, rats with over stage 3 of epilepsy were chosen and the brain tissue was separated quickly and then stored at -80 °C. The immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of aquaporin in the brain tissue of epileptic model and the Real-time PCR was employed to determine the difference in the expression of miRNA 320a and AQP4 in the brain tissue of rats between the epileptic model group and control group. Five 5-day neonatal Wistar rats were chosen to collect the cerebral cortex and their primary astrocytes were separated and cultured. They were transfected with miRNA mimic and imitated to the endogenous miRNA 320a to up-regulate the expression of miRNA 320a. RESULTS In the model group, the expression of AQP4 was significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.01). However, the expression of miRNA 320a in the model group was lower than control group (P < 0.05), which was negatively correlated to AQP4. In the primary astrocytes, the transfection of miRNA 320a mimic could significantly reduce the expression of AQP4, while its inhibitor could up-regulate the expression of AQP4, which indicated that miRNA 320a could reduce the expression of AQP4. CONCLUSIONS In the primary astrocytes of rats, the miRNA 320a could inhibit the expression of AQP4 and after adding the inhibitor of miRNA 320a, the expression of AQP4 was up-regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cheng Song
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Ankang Hospital, Jining 272051, China
| | - Wen-Juan Li
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China.
| | - Liu-Zhi Li
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Ankang Hospital, Jining 272051, China
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Wei B, Wei W. Identification of aberrantly expressed of serum microRNAs in patients with hormone-induced non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 75:191-5. [PMID: 26298803 PMCID: PMC7127261 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The non-translation RNA-microRNA (miRNA) has been demonstrated to correlate to various disease occurrence in body. Serum miRNA was gradually considered as molecular markers for disease diagnosis. This study was designed to analyze differential serum miRNAs level in hormone-induced non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (hormone-NOFH) patients. Methods We selected 30 patients with hormone-NOFH as case group, and 30 healthy volunteers were recruited as control group. miRCURYTM LNA miRNA chip and quantitative RT-PCR were used to examine differential miRNAs expression. Correlation assay was performed between miRNAs and NOFH trait. Results We found that 9 miRNAs were upregulated while 3 miRNAs were downregulated in hormone-TOFH patient serum by result of miRNA chip. QRT-PCR assay revealed that the level of miR-423-5p was significantly increased and miR-10a-5p was significantly decreased. Using Spearman correlation analysis, we observed that miR-423-5p serum level is positive association to FHC levels whereas miR-10a-5p has no association with FHC levels. Furthermore, miR-423-5p is negatively correlated to its downstream molecule-adiponectin. Conclusion We report a miRNA profile of hormone-NOFH and provide a new perspective to understand this intricate disease. This novel information suggests the potential roles of miR-423-5p in the diagnosis, prognosis biomarkers, or therapy targets of hormone-NOFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biaofang Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic, First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16 Jichang Rd., Guangzhou 510405, China.
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