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Aguirre A, Peiru S, Rasia R, Castelli ME, Menzella HG. Cloning and Production of Thermostable Enzymes for the Hydrolysis of Steryl Glucosides in Biodiesel. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2290:203-214. [PMID: 34009592 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1323-8_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Vegetable oil-derived biodiesels have a major quality problem due to the presence of precipitates formed by steryl glucosides, which clog filters and injectors of diesel engines. An efficient, scalable, and cost-effective method to hydrolyze steryl glucosides using thermostable enzymes has been developed. Here, methods to discover, express in recombinant microorganisms and manufacture enzymes with SGase activity, as well as methods to treat biodiesel with such enzymes, and to measure the content of steryl glucosides in biodiesel samples are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Aguirre
- Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Salvador Peiru
- Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo Rasia
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | | | - Hugo G Menzella
- Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Rosario, Argentina.
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2
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Straub CT, Counts JA, Nguyen DMN, Wu CH, Zeldes BM, Crosby JR, Conway JM, Otten JK, Lipscomb GL, Schut GJ, Adams MWW, Kelly RM. Biotechnology of extremely thermophilic archaea. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2018; 42:543-578. [PMID: 29945179 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuy012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the extremely thermophilic archaea (Topt ≥ 70°C) may be the most primitive extant forms of life, they have been studied to a limited extent relative to mesophilic microorganisms. Many of these organisms have unique biochemical and physiological characteristics with important biotechnological implications. These include methanogens that generate methane, fermentative anaerobes that produce hydrogen gas with high efficiency, and acidophiles that can mobilize base, precious and strategic metals from mineral ores. Extremely thermophilic archaea have also been a valuable source of thermoactive, thermostable biocatalysts, but their use as cellular systems has been limited because of the general lack of facile genetics tools. This situation has changed recently, however, thereby providing an important avenue for understanding their metabolic and physiological details and also opening up opportunities for metabolic engineering efforts. Along these lines, extremely thermophilic archaea have recently been engineered to produce a variety of alcohols and industrial chemicals, in some cases incorporating CO2 into the final product. There are barriers and challenges to these organisms reaching their full potential as industrial microorganisms but, if these can be overcome, a new dimension for biotechnology will be forthcoming that strategically exploits biology at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Straub
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - James A Counts
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Diep M N Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Chang-Hao Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Benjamin M Zeldes
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - James R Crosby
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Jonathan M Conway
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Jonathan K Otten
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Gina L Lipscomb
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Gerrit J Schut
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Michael W W Adams
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Robert M Kelly
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
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Aguirre A, Eberhardt F, Hails G, Cerminati S, Castelli ME, Rasia RM, Paoletti L, Menzella HG, Peiru S. The production, properties, and applications of thermostable steryl glucosidases. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 34:40. [PMID: 29468428 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2423-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Extremophilic microorganisms are a rich source of enzymes, the enzymes which can serve as industrial catalysts that can withstand harsh processing conditions. An example is thermostable β-glucosidases that are addressing a challenging problem in the biodiesel industry: removing steryl glucosides (SGs) from biodiesel. Steryl glucosidases (SGases) must be tolerant to heat and solvents in order to function efficiently in biodiesel. The amphipathic nature of SGs also requires enzymes with an affinity for water/solvent interfaces in order to achieve efficient hydrolysis. Additionally, the development of an enzymatic process involving a commodity such as soybean biodiesel must be cost-effective, necessitating an efficient manufacturing process for SGases. This review summarizes the identification of microbial SGases and their applications, discusses biodiesel refining processes and the development of analytical methods for identifying and quantifying SGs in foods and biodiesel, and considers technologies for strain engineering and process optimization for the heterologous production of a SGase from Thermococcus litoralis. All of these technologies might be used for the production of other thermostable enzymes. Structural features of SGases and the feasibility of protein engineering for novel applications are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Aguirre
- Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
- Keclon S.A., Tucuman 7180, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Florencia Eberhardt
- Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Hails
- Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Sebastian Cerminati
- Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Castelli
- Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo M Rasia
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET-UNR), Area Biofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, predio CONICET, Rosario, 2000, Argentina
| | - Luciana Paoletti
- Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Hugo G Menzella
- Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
- Keclon S.A., Tucuman 7180, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Salvador Peiru
- Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.
- Keclon S.A., Tucuman 7180, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.
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Eberhardt F, Aguirre A, Paoletti L, Hails G, Braia M, Ravasi P, Peiru S, Menzella HG. Pilot-scale process development for low-cost production of a thermostable biodiesel refining enzyme in Escherichia coli. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 41:555-564. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-1890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cerminati S, Eberhardt F, Elena CE, Peirú S, Castelli ME, Menzella HG. Development of a highly efficient oil degumming process using a novel phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzyme. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:4471-4479. [PMID: 28238084 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8201-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic degumming using phospholipase C (PLC) enzymes may be used in environmentally friendly processes with improved oil recovery yields. In this work, phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PIPLC) candidates obtained from an in silico analysis were evaluated for oil degumming. A PIPLC from Lysinibacillus sphaericus was shown to efficiently remove phosphatidylinositol from crude oil, and when combined with a second phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine-specific phospholipase C, the three major phospholipids were completely hydrolyzed, providing an extra yield of oil greater than 2.1%, compared to standard methods. A remarkably efficient fed-batch Escherichia coli fermentation process producing ∼14 g/L of the recombinant PIPLC enzyme was developed, which may facilitate the adoption of this cost-effective oil-refining process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Cerminati
- CONICET y Departamento de Tecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Florencia Eberhardt
- CONICET y Departamento de Tecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | | | - Salvador Peirú
- CONICET y Departamento de Tecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.,Keclon S.A., Tucumán 7180, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - María E Castelli
- CONICET y Departamento de Tecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.,Keclon S.A., Tucumán 7180, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Hugo G Menzella
- CONICET y Departamento de Tecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Instituto de Procesos Biotecnológicos y Químicos (IPROBYQ), Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina. .,Keclon S.A., Tucumán 7180, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.
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Eberhardt F, Aguirre A, Menzella HG, Peiru S. Strain engineering and process optimization for enhancing the production of a thermostable steryl glucosidase in Escherichia coli. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 44:141-147. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1866-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Biodiesels produced from transesterification of vegetable oils have a major problem in quality due to the presence of precipitates, which are mostly composed of steryl glucosides (SGs). We have recently described an enzymatic method for the efficient removal of SGs from biodiesel, based on the activity of a thermostable β-glycosidase from Thermococcus litoralis. In the present work, we describe the development of an Escherichia coli-based expression system and a high cell density fermentation process. Strain and process engineering include the assessment of different promoters to drive the expression of a codon-optimized gene, the co-expression of molecular chaperones and the development of a high cell density fermentation process. A 200-fold increase in the production titers was achieved, which directly impacts on the costs of the industrial process for treating biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Eberhardt
- grid.10814.3c 0000000120973211 Genetic Engineering & Fermentation Technology, IPROByQ-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas Universidad Nacional de Rosario Suipacha 531 2000 Rosario Argentina
| | - Andres Aguirre
- grid.10814.3c 0000000120973211 Genetic Engineering & Fermentation Technology, IPROByQ-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas Universidad Nacional de Rosario Suipacha 531 2000 Rosario Argentina
- Keclon S.A. Tucuman 7180 2000 Rosario Argentina
| | - Hugo G Menzella
- grid.10814.3c 0000000120973211 Genetic Engineering & Fermentation Technology, IPROByQ-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas Universidad Nacional de Rosario Suipacha 531 2000 Rosario Argentina
- Keclon S.A. Tucuman 7180 2000 Rosario Argentina
| | - Salvador Peiru
- grid.10814.3c 0000000120973211 Genetic Engineering & Fermentation Technology, IPROByQ-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas Universidad Nacional de Rosario Suipacha 531 2000 Rosario Argentina
- Keclon S.A. Tucuman 7180 2000 Rosario Argentina
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