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Cowan DA, Albers SV, Antranikian G, Atomi H, Averhoff B, Basen M, Driessen AJM, Jebbar M, Kelman Z, Kerou M, Littlechild J, Müller V, Schönheit P, Siebers B, Vorgias K. Extremophiles in a changing world. Extremophiles 2024; 28:26. [PMID: 38683238 PMCID: PMC11058618 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-024-01341-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Extremophiles and their products have been a major focus of research interest for over 40 years. Through this period, studies of these organisms have contributed hugely to many aspects of the fundamental and applied sciences, and to wider and more philosophical issues such as the origins of life and astrobiology. Our understanding of the cellular adaptations to extreme conditions (such as acid, temperature, pressure and more), of the mechanisms underpinning the stability of macromolecules, and of the subtleties, complexities and limits of fundamental biochemical processes has been informed by research on extremophiles. Extremophiles have also contributed numerous products and processes to the many fields of biotechnology, from diagnostics to bioremediation. Yet, after 40 years of dedicated research, there remains much to be discovered in this field. Fortunately, extremophiles remain an active and vibrant area of research. In the third decade of the twenty-first century, with decreasing global resources and a steadily increasing human population, the world's attention has turned with increasing urgency to issues of sustainability. These global concerns were encapsulated and formalized by the United Nations with the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the presentation of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015. In the run-up to 2030, we consider the contributions that extremophiles have made, and will in the future make, to the SDGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Cowan
- Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa.
| | - S V Albers
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - G Antranikian
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
| | - H Atomi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - B Averhoff
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - M Basen
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - A J M Driessen
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Jebbar
- Univ. Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, Laboratoire de Biologie Et d'Écologie Des Écosystèmes Marins Profonds (BEEP), IUEM, Rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Z Kelman
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - M Kerou
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Littlechild
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - V Müller
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - P Schönheit
- Institute of General Microbiology, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - B Siebers
- Molecular Enzyme Technology and Biochemistry (MEB), Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology (EMB), Centre for Water and Environmental Research (CWE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - K Vorgias
- Biology Department and RI-Bio3, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Ci Y, Chen T, Li F, Zou X, Tang Y. Cellulose dissolution and regeneration behavior via DBU-levulinic acid solvents. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126548. [PMID: 37648138 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Most organic solvents are unable to dissolve carbohydrates due to the lack of hydrogen bonding ability. The development of solvent systems for dissolving cellulose is of great importance for its utilization and conversion. In this study, four new cellulose solvents were designed using inexpensive levulinic acid (LevA) and 1,8-diazabicyclo [5,4,0] undec-7-ene (DBU) as raw materials. The results showed that the prepared DBU-LevA-2 solvent was able to dissolve up to 7 wt% of bamboo cellulose (DP = 860) and 16 wt% of microcrystalline cellulose (DP = 280) at 100 °C and regenerated without derivatization. Also, the molar ratio of each component of this solvent has a significant effect on the dissolution properties of cellulose. The regenerated cellulose had the typical crystalline characteristics of cellulose II. Subsequently, the interactions and microscopic behaviors of solvent and cellulose during the dissolution process were thoroughly investigated by using NMR spectroscopy combined with density functional theory. The systematic study showed that the hydrogen bond-forming ability provided by DBU, a superbase, plays an indispensable role in the overall solvent system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Ci
- National Engineering Laboratory of Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Tianying Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Feiyun Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Xuejun Zou
- FP Innovations, 570 boul. St-Jean, Pointe-Claire, Quebec H9R 3J9, Canada.
| | - Yanjun Tang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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Kalita S, Ohlsson JA, Karlsson Potter H, Nordberg Å, Sandgren M, Hansson PA. Energy performance of compressed biomethane gas production from co-digestion of Salix and dairy manure: factoring differences between Salix varieties. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:165. [PMID: 37924121 PMCID: PMC10625243 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02412-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Biogas from anaerobic digestion is a versatile energy carrier that can be upgraded to compressed biomethane gas (CBG) as a renewable and sustainable alternative to natural gas. Organic residues and energy crops are predicted to be major sources of bioenergy production in the future. Pre-treatment can reduce the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic energy crops such as Salix to anaerobic digestion, making it a potential biogas feedstock. This lignocellulosic material can be co-digested with animal manure, which has the complementary effect of increasing volumetric biogas yield. Salix varieties exhibit variations in yield, composition and biomethane potential values, which can have a significant effect on the overall biogas production system. This study assessed the impact of Salix varietal differences on the overall mass and energy balance of a co-digestion system using steam pre-treated Salix biomass and dairy manure (DaM) to produce CBG as the final product. Six commercial Salix varieties cultivated under unfertilised and fertilised conditions were compared. Energy and mass flows along this total process chain, comprising Salix cultivation, steam pre-treatment, biogas production and biogas upgrading to CBG, were evaluated. Two scenarios were considered: a base scenario without heat recovery and a scenario with heat recovery. The results showed that Salix variety had a significant effect on energy output-input ratio (R), with R values in the base scenario of 1.57-1.88 and in the heat recovery scenario of 2.36-2.94. In both scenarios, unfertilised var. Tordis was the best energy performer, while the fertilised var. Jorr was the worst. Based on this energy performance, Salix could be a feasible feedstock for co-digestion with DaM, although its R value was at the lower end of the range reported previously for energy crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Kalita
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7032, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Jonas A Ohlsson
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hanna Karlsson Potter
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7032, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Åke Nordberg
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7032, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Sandgren
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per-Anders Hansson
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7032, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
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Li Z, Zhang G, Charalampopoulos D, Guo Z. Ionic liquid-mediated regeneration of cellulose dramatically improves decrystallization, TEMPO-mediated oxidation and alkyl/alkenyl succinylation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123983. [PMID: 36907307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrated a successful strategy that simple ionic liquids (ILs) mediated pretreatment could effectively reduce crystallinity of cellulose from 71 % to 46 % (by C2MIM.Cl) and 53 % (by C4MIM.Cl). The IL-mediated regeneration of cellulose greatly promoted its reactivity for TEMPO-catalyzed oxidation, which the resulting COO- density (mmol/g) increased from 2.00 for non-IL-treated cellulose to 3.23 (by C2MIM.Cl) and 3.42 (C4MIM.Cl); and degree of oxidation enhanced from 35 % to 59 % and 62 %, respectively. More significantly, the yield of oxidized cellulose increased from 4 % to 45-46 %, by 11-fold. IL-regenerated cellulose can also be directly subjected to alkyl/alkenyl succinylation without TEMPO-mediated oxidation, producing nanoparticles with properties similar to oxidized celluloses (55-74 nm in size, -70-79 mV zeta-potential and 0.23-0.26 PDI); but in a much higher overall yield (87-95 %) than IL-regeneration-coupling-TEMPO-oxidation (34-45 %). Alkyl/alkenyl succinylated TEMPO-oxidized cellulose showed 2-2.5 times higher ABTS* scavenging ability than non-oxidized cellulose; however, alkyl/alkenyl succinylation also resulted in a significant decline in Fe2+ chelating property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Li
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Gustav weids vej 10A, Faculty of Technical Science, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Guoqiang Zhang
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitris Charalampopoulos
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Gustav weids vej 10A, Faculty of Technical Science, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
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Halysh V, Romero-García JM, Vidal AM, Kulik T, Palianytsia B, García M, Castro E. Apricot Seed Shells and Walnut Shells as Unconventional Sugars and Lignin Sources. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031455. [PMID: 36771117 PMCID: PMC9918925 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study focuses on using apricot seeds shells and walnut shells as a potential renewable material for biorefinery in Ukraine. The goal of the research work was to determine the relationship between the chemical composition of solid residues from biomass after acid pretreatment with H2SO4, alkaline pretreatment with NaOH, and a steam explosion pretreatment and the recovery of sugars and lignin after further enzymatic hydrolysis with the application of an industrial cellulase Cellic CTec2. Apricot seeds shells and walnut shells consist of lots of cellulose (35.01 and 24.19%, respectively), lignin (44.55% and 44.63%, respectively), hemicelluloses (10.77% and 26.68%, respectively), and extractives (9.97% and 11.41%, respectively), which affect the efficiency of the bioconversion of polysaccharides to sugars. The alkaline pretreatment was found to be more efficient in terms of glucose yield in comparison with that of acid and steam explosion, and the maximum enzymatic conversions of cellulose reached were 99.7% and 94.6% for the solids from the apricot seeds shells and the walnut shells, respectively. The maximum amount of lignin (82%) in the residual solid was obtained during the processing of apricot seed shells submitted to the acid pretreatment. The amount of lignin in the solids interferes with the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis. The results pave the way for the efficient and perspective utilization of shells through the use of inexpensive, simple and affordable chemical technologies, obtaining value-added products, and thus, reducing the amount of environmental pollution (compared to the usual disposal practice of direct burning) and energy and material external dependency (by taking advantage of these renewable, low-cost materials).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vita Halysh
- Department of Ecology and Technology of Plant Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Peremogy Avenu 37/4, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Laboratory of Kinetics and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions on the Surface of Solids, Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, General Naumov Str., 17, 03164 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Juan Miguel Romero-García
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- Center for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.R.-G.); (E.C.); Tel.: +34-9532182163 (E.C.)
| | - Alfonso M. Vidal
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Tetiana Kulik
- Laboratory of Kinetics and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions on the Surface of Solids, Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, General Naumov Str., 17, 03164 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Borys Palianytsia
- Laboratory of Kinetics and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions on the Surface of Solids, Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, General Naumov Str., 17, 03164 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Minerva García
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Zitácuaro, Av. Tecnológico No. 186 Manzanillos, Zitácuaro 61534, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Eulogio Castro
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- Center for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.R.-G.); (E.C.); Tel.: +34-9532182163 (E.C.)
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Applications of ionic liquids for the biochemical transformation of lignocellulosic biomass into biofuels and biochemicals: A critical review. Biochem Eng J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2023.108850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Integrated pretreatment of banana agrowastes: Structural characterization and enhancement of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose obtained from banana peduncle. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 201:298-307. [PMID: 34999043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An integrated treatment coupling alkali, steam explosion and ammonia/chlorine-free bleaching with sequential mild acid pretreatment were performed to isolate and characterize cellulose from banana agrowastes followed by optimized enzymatic hydrolysis to glucose. The cellulose yield, compositional, microstructural, and morphological analysis initially obtained from three post-harvest banana agrowastes (peel, pseudostem, and peduncle) were surveyed. Isolation parameters for banana peduncle agrowastes, the most efficient precursor, were reconfigured for acid hydrolysis by applying an orthogonal L9 array of Taguchi design. Effects of solution-to-pulp ratio, acid concentration, temperature, and reaction time on physicochemical parameters were assessed resulting in ~81% cellulose recovery. Subsequently, cellulase driven enzymatic conversion to glucose was modelled using response surface methodology (RSM), where the mutual influences of incubation time, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, and surfactant concentration were investigated. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modelling further improved upon RSM optimizations ensuing ~97% optimized glucose yield, verified experimentally.
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Harman-Ware AE, Happs RM, Macaya-Sanz D, Doeppke C, Muchero W, DiFazio SP. Abundance of Major Cell Wall Components in Natural Variants and Pedigrees of Populus trichocarpa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:757810. [PMID: 35185975 PMCID: PMC8850957 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.757810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The rapid analysis of biopolymers including lignin and sugars in lignocellulosic biomass cell walls is essential for the analysis of the large sample populations needed for identifying heritable genetic variation in biomass feedstocks for biofuels and bioproducts. In this study, we reported the analysis of cell wall lignin content, syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio, as well as glucose and xylose content by high-throughput pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry (py-MBMS) for >3,600 samples derived from hundreds of accessions of Populus trichocarpa from natural populations, as well as pedigrees constructed from 14 parents (7 × 7). Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression models were built from the samples of known sugar composition previously determined by hydrolysis followed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. Key spectral features positively correlated with glucose content consisted of m/z 126, 98, and 69, among others, deriving from pyrolyzates such as hydroxymethylfurfural, maltol, and other sugar-derived species. Xylose content positively correlated primarily with many lignin-derived ions and to a lesser degree with m/z 114, deriving from a lactone produced from xylose pyrolysis. Models were capable of predicting glucose and xylose contents with an average error of less than 4%, and accuracy was significantly improved over previously used methods. The differences in the models constructed from the two sample sets varied in training sample number, but the genetic and compositional uniformity of the pedigree set could be a potential driver in the slightly better performance of that model in comparison with the natural variants. Broad-sense heritability of glucose and xylose composition using these data was 0.32 and 0.34, respectively. In summary, we have demonstrated the use of a single high-throughput method to predict sugar and lignin composition in thousands of poplar samples to estimate the heritability and phenotypic plasticity of traits necessary to develop optimized feedstocks for bioenergy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E. Harman-Ware
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, Center for Bioenergy Innovation, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Renee M. Happs
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, Center for Bioenergy Innovation, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
| | - David Macaya-Sanz
- Department of Forest Ecology and Genetics, INIA-CIFOR, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Crissa Doeppke
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, Center for Bioenergy Innovation, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Wellington Muchero
- Biosciences Division, Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Stephen P. DiFazio
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
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Munson CR, Gao Y, Mortimer JC, Murray DT. Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance as a Tool to Probe the Impact of Mechanical Preprocessing on the Structure and Arrangement of Plant Cell Wall Polymers. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:766506. [PMID: 35095947 PMCID: PMC8790750 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.766506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Efficient separation of the plant cell wall polymers during lignocellulose processing has been historically challenging due to insolubility of the polymers and their propensity for recalcitrant reassembly. Methods, such as "lignin first" extraction techniques, have advanced efficient biomass use, but the molecular mechanisms for recalcitrance remain enigmatic. Here, we discuss how solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) approaches report on the 3D organization of cellulose, xylan, and lignin in the plant cell wall. Recent results illustrate that the organization of these polymers varies across biomass sources and sample preparation methods, with even minimal physical processing causing significant effects. These structural differences contribute to variable extraction efficiencies for bioproducts after downstream processing. We propose that solid-state NMR methods can be applied to follow biomass processing, providing an understanding of the polymer rearrangements that can lead to poor yields for the desired bioproducts. The utility of the technique is illustrated for mechanical processing using lab-scale vibratory ball milling of Sorghum bicolor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coyla R. Munson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Yu Gao
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, United States
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Jenny C. Mortimer
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, United States
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Dylan T. Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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He F, Chen J, Gong Z, Xu Q, Yue W, Xie H. Dissolution pretreatment of cellulose by using levulinic acid-based protic ionic liquids towards enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 269:118271. [PMID: 34294303 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an economically competitive and sustainable levulinic acid-based protic ionic liquids were identified to be good solvents for the dissolution pretreatment of cellulose towards enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis. The influences of protic ionic liquids species, dissolution pretreatment time, and pretreatment temperature on the physico-chemical structures of cellulose were systematically investigated by various analytical techniques. The findings indicate that the pretreatment efficiency was correlated to the basicity of the organic bases, and the presence of ketone group in the levulinate anion with particular hydrogen bonding forming ability via keto-enol tautomerism. The DBN derived protic ionic liquids exhibited best performance at 100 °C in 1 h, as evidenced by a 94% glucose yield. This solvent system was also suitable for the dissolution pretreatment of corn stover-based lignocellulosic biomass for sugars production, although a higher temperature and longer pretreatment time was required. Furthermore, the solvent system could be recycled and reused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng He
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jinhui Chen
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhiwei Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science & Technology, 947 Heping Road, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Qinqin Xu
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Wang Yue
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Haibo Xie
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China.
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11
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Lin CY, Donohoe BS, Bomble YJ, Yang H, Yunes M, Sarai NS, Shollenberger T, Decker SR, Chen X, McCann MC, Tucker MP, Wei H, Himmel ME. Iron incorporation both intra- and extra-cellularly improves the yield and saccharification of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) biomass. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:55. [PMID: 33663584 PMCID: PMC7931346 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01891-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pretreatments are commonly used to facilitate the deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass to its component sugars and aromatics. Previously, we showed that iron ions can be used as co-catalysts to reduce the severity of dilute acid pretreatment of biomass. Transgenic iron-accumulating Arabidopsis and rice plants exhibited higher iron content in grains, increased biomass yield, and importantly, enhanced sugar release from the biomass. RESULTS In this study, we used intracellular ferritin (FerIN) alone and in combination with an improved version of cell wall-bound carbohydrate-binding module fused iron-binding peptide (IBPex) specifically targeting switchgrass, a bioenergy crop species. The FerIN switchgrass improved by 15% in height and 65% in yield, whereas the FerIN/IBPex transgenics showed enhancement up to 30% in height and 115% in yield. The FerIN and FerIN/IBPex switchgrass had 27% and 51% higher in planta iron accumulation than the empty vector (EV) control, respectively, under normal growth conditions. Improved pretreatability was observed in FerIN switchgrass (~ 14% more glucose release than the EV), and the FerIN/IBPex plants showed further enhancement in glucose release up to 24%. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that this iron-accumulating strategy can be transferred from model plants and applied to bioenergy crops, such as switchgrass. The intra- and extra-cellular iron incorporation approach improves biomass pretreatability and digestibility, providing upgraded feedstocks for the production of biofuels and bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yuan Lin
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA
- Present Address: Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA
- Present Address: Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Bryon S. Donohoe
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA
| | - Yannick J. Bomble
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA
| | - Haibing Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
- Present Address: South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650 China
| | - Manal Yunes
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA
- Present Address: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
| | - Nicholas S. Sarai
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA
- Present Address: Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 210-41, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
| | - Todd Shollenberger
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA
| | - Stephen R. Decker
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA
| | - Maureen C. McCann
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Melvin P. Tucker
- National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA
| | - Hui Wei
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA
| | - Michael E. Himmel
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA
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Zhang Y, Xu S, Ji F, Hu Y, Gu Z, Xu B. Plant cell wall hydrolysis process reveals structure-activity relationships. PLANT METHODS 2020; 16:147. [PMID: 33292382 PMCID: PMC7640438 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-020-00691-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent interest in Populus as a source of renewable energy, combined with its numerous available pretreatment methods, has enabled further research on structural modification and hydrolysis. To improve the biodegradation efficiency of biomass, a better understanding of the relationship between its macroscopic structures and enzymatic process is important. RESULTS This study investigated mutant cell wall structures compared with wild type on a molecular level. Furthermore, a novel insight into the structural dynamics occurring on mutant biomass was assessed in situ and in real time by functional Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) imaging. High-resolution AFM images confirmed that genetic pretreatment effectively inhibited the production of irregular lignin. The average roughness values of the wild type are 78, 60, and 30 nm which are much higher than that of the mutant cell wall, approximately 10 nm. It is shown that the action of endoglucanases would expose pure crystalline cellulose with more cracks for easier hydrolysis by cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI). Throughout the entire CBHI hydrolytic process, when the average roughness exceeded 3 nm, the hydrolysis mode consisted of a peeling action. CONCLUSION Functional AFM imaging is helpful for biomass structural characterization. In addition, the visualization of the enzymatic hydrolysis process will be useful to explore the cell wall structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210016, China.
| | - Shengnan Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Fan Ji
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Yubing Hu
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Bingqian Xu
- Single Molecule Study Laboratory, College of Engineering and Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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13
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Cao H, Walton JD, Brumm P, Phillips GN. Crystal Structure of α-Xylosidase from Aspergillus niger in Complex with a Hydrolyzed Xyloglucan Product and New Insights in Accurately Predicting Substrate Specificities of GH31 Family Glycosidases. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2020; 8:2540-2547. [PMID: 32161692 PMCID: PMC7059301 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b07073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Glycoside hydrolase family 31 (GH31) enzymes show both highly conserved folds and catalytic residues. Yet different members of GH31 show very different substrate specificities, and it is not obvious how these specificities arise from the protein sequences. The fungal α-xylosidase, AxlA, was originally isolated from a commercial enzyme mixture secreted by Aspergillus niger and was reported to have potential as a catalytic component in biomass deconstruction in the biofuel industry. We report here the crystal structure of AxlA in complex with its catalytic product, a hydrolyzed xyloglucan oligosaccharide. On the basis of our new structure, we provide the structural basis for AxlA's role in xyloglucan utilization and, more importantly, a new procedure to predict and differentiate C5 vs C6 sugar specific activities based on protein sequences of the functionally diverse GH31 family enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongnan Cao
- BioSciences
at Rice and Department of Chemistry, Rice
University, Houston, Texas 77251, United States
- Great
Lakes Bioenergy Research Center and Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jonathan D. Walton
- Great
Lakes Bioenergy Research Center and Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Phillip Brumm
- C5−6
Technologies Corp., Middleton, Wisconsin 53562, United States
| | - George N. Phillips
- BioSciences
at Rice and Department of Chemistry, Rice
University, Houston, Texas 77251, United States
- Great
Lakes Bioenergy Research Center and Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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14
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Gan J, Peng Y, Chen Q, Hu G, Xu Q, Jin L, Xie H. Reversible covalent chemistry of carbon dioxide unlocks the recalcitrance of cellulose for its enzymatic saccharification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 295:122230. [PMID: 31669870 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To overcoming the natural recalcitrance of cellulose for glucose production via enzymatic hydrolysis, a new strategy of destroying hydrogen bond donor to reconstruct cellulose's hydrogen bonding network was developed via a mild reversible reaction of cellulose with CO2 catalyzed by organic bases. The reaction dynamics of cellulose with CO2 in the presence of organic bases was studied by using in situ IR. Investigation also included how the organic bases in pretreatment media and pretreatment parameters including CO2 pressure, pretreatment temperature and time affected the physical-chemical structure of cellulose by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and subsequent enzymatic scarification of cellulose. The findings showed that dissolution activation efficiency significantly correlated to various parameters, that can be optimized to be the tetramethyl guanidine (TMG)/CO2/DMSO solvent system at 50 °C, 2 MPa of CO2 for 2 h, by which a complete transformation the cellulose crystalline structure from I to II, and 100% glucose yield were achieved. The recyclability and usability are also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyun Gan
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ya Peng
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qinqin Xu
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Longming Jin
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Haibo Xie
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China.
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15
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Liu CG, Xiao Y, Xia XX, Zhao XQ, Peng L, Srinophakun P, Bai FW. Cellulosic ethanol production: Progress, challenges and strategies for solutions. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:491-504. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Jin L, Yu X, Peng C, Guo Y, Zhang L, Xu Q, Zhao ZK, Liu Y, Xie H. Fast dissolution pretreatment of the corn stover in gamma-valerolactone promoted by ionic liquids: Selective delignification and enhanced enzymatic saccharification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 270:537-544. [PMID: 30248653 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The dissolution of corn stover was investigated in gamma-valerolactone (GVL) assisted by ionic liquids. An enhanced subsequent enzymatic saccharification was reached with a total reducing sugar yield of 0.69 g.g-1 and a glucose of 0.38 g.g-1 within 24 h. The treatment effects on the physical-chemical features of corn stover in terms of the natural recalcitrance to the subsequent biological digest were systematically investigated using composition analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The structures of the associated enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL) and ionic liquid extracted lignin (IEL) were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), phosphorous nuclear magnet resonance spectrometry (31P NMR), and heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopy (HSQC) for an in-depth understanding of the delignification process and the basic structural information for further lignin valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longming Jin
- Department of New Energy Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China
| | - Xue Yu
- Bioenergy Division, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457# Zhongshan Road, Dalian, China
| | - Chang Peng
- Bioenergy Division, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457# Zhongshan Road, Dalian, China
| | - Yuanlong Guo
- Department of New Energy Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Department of New Energy Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China
| | - Qinqin Xu
- Department of New Energy Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China
| | - Zongbao Kent Zhao
- Bioenergy Division, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457# Zhongshan Road, Dalian, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education of China, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Haibo Xie
- Department of New Energy Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China.
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