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Kumar V, Verma P. Microbial valorization of kraft black liquor for production of platform chemicals, biofuels, and value-added products: A critical review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121631. [PMID: 38986370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The proper treatment and utilization of kraft black liquor, generated from the pulp and paper industry through the kraft pulping method, is required to reduce environmental impacts prior to the final disposal. It also improves the economic performance through the utilization of waste. Microbial valorization appears to demonstrates the dual benefits of waste management and resource recovery by providing an innovative solution to convert kraft black liquor into resource for reuse. A comprehensive review on the microbial valorization of kraft black liquor, describing the role in valorization and management, is still lacking in the literature, forming the rationale of this article. Thus, the present study reviews and systematically discusses the potential of utilizing microorganisms to valorize kraft black liquor as a sustainable feedstock to develop a numerous portfolio of platform chemicals, bioenergy, and other value-added products. This work contributes to sustainability and resource efficiency within the pulp and paper industry. The recent developments in utilization of synthetic biology tools and molecular techniques, including omics approaches for engineering novel microbial strains, for enhancing kraft black liquor valorization has been presented. This review explores how the better utilization of kraft black liquor in the pulp and paper industry contributes to achieving UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly clean water and sanitation (SDG 6) as well as the affordable and clean energy goal (SDG 7). The current review also addresses challenges related to toxicity, impurities, low productivity, and downstream processing that serve as obstacles to the progress of developing highly efficient bioproducts. The new directions for future research efforts to fill the critical knowledge gaps are proposed. This study concludes that by implementing microbial valorization techniques, the pulp and paper industry can transition from a linear to a circular bioeconomy and eco-friendly manage the kraft black liuor. This approach showed to be effective towards resource recovery, while simultaneously minimizing the environmental burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Kumar
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pradeep Verma
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, 305817, Rajasthan, India.
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Roman EKB, Ramos MA, Tomazetto G, Foltran BB, Galvão MH, Ciancaglini I, Tramontina R, de Almeida Rodrigues F, da Silva LS, Sandano ALH, Fernandes DGDS, Almeida DV, Baldo DA, de Oliveira Junior JM, Garcia W, Damasio A, Squina FM. Plastic-degrading microbial communities reveal novel microorganisms, pathways, and biocatalysts for polymer degradation and bioplastic production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:174876. [PMID: 39067601 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Plastics derived from fossil fuels are used ubiquitously owing to their exceptional physicochemical characteristics. However, the extensive and short-term use of plastics has caused environmental challenges. The biotechnological plastic conversion can help address the challenges related to plastic pollution, offering sustainable alternatives that can operate using bioeconomic concepts and promote socioeconomic benefits. In this context, using soil from a plastic-contaminated landfill, two consortia were established (ConsPlastic-A and -B) displaying versatility in developing and consuming polyethylene or polyethylene terephthalate as the carbon source of nutrition. The ConsPlastic-A and -B metagenomic sequencing, taxonomic profiling, and the reconstruction of 79 draft bacterial genomes significantly expanded the knowledge of plastic-degrading microorganisms and enzymes, disclosing novel taxonomic groups associated with polymer degradation. The microbial consortium was utilized to obtain a novel Pseudomonas putida strain (BR4), presenting a striking metabolic arsenal for aromatic compound degradation and assimilation, confirmed by genomic analyses. The BR4 displays the inherent capacity to degrade polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and produce polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) containing hydroxyvalerate (HV) units that contribute to enhanced copolymer properties, such as increased flexibility and resistance to breakage, compared with pure PHB. Therefore, BR4 is a promising strain for developing a bioconsolidated plastic depolymerization and upcycling process. Collectively, our study provides insights that may extend beyond the artificial ecosystems established during our experiments and supports future strategies for effectively decomposing and valorizing plastic waste. Furthermore, the functional genomic analysis described herein serves as a valuable guide for elucidating the genetic potential of microbial communities and microorganisms in plastic deconstruction and upcycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Karen Barreto Roman
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Murilo Antonio Ramos
- Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Programa de Processos Tecnológicos e Ambientais, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Geizecler Tomazetto
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Bruno Botega Foltran
- Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Iara Ciancaglini
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Robson Tramontina
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Diógenes G da S Fernandes
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Dnane Vieira Almeida
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Denicezar Angelo Baldo
- Laboratory of Applied Nuclear Physics, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Wanius Garcia
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - André Damasio
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio Marcio Squina
- Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Programa de Processos Tecnológicos e Ambientais, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
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Liberato MV, Paixao DAA, Tomazetto G, Ndeh D, Bolam DN, Squina FM. Discovery, structural characterization, and functional insights into a novel apiosidase from the GH140 family, isolated from a lignocellulolytic-enriched mangrove microbial community. Biotechnol Lett 2024; 46:201-211. [PMID: 38280177 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03460-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Apiosidases are enzymes that cleave the glycosidic bond between the monosaccharides linked to apiose, a branched chain furanose found in the cell walls of vascular plants and aquatic monocots. There is biotechnological interest in this enzyme group because apiose is the flavor-active compound of grapes, fruit juice, and wine, and the monosaccharide is found to be a plant secondary metabolite with pharmaceutical properties. However, functional and structural studies of this enzyme family are scarce. Recently, a glycoside hydrolase family member GH140 was isolated from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and identified as an endo-apiosidase. RESULTS The structural characterization and functional identification of a second GH140 family enzyme, termed MmApi, discovered through mangrove soil metagenomic approach, are described. Among the various substrates tested, MmApi exhibited activity on an apiose-containing oligosaccharide derived from the pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan-II. While the crystallographic model of MmApi was similar to the endo-apiosidase from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, differences in the shape of the binding sites indicated that MmApi could cleave apioses within oligosaccharides of different compositions. CONCLUSION This enzyme represents a novel tool for researchers interested in studying the physiology and structure of plant cell walls and developing biocatalytic strategies for drug and flavor production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Vizona Liberato
- Programa de Processos Tecnológicos e Ambientais, Universidade de Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, England
| | - Douglas Antonio Alvaredo Paixao
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Geizecler Tomazetto
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Didier Ndeh
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - David N Bolam
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, England
| | - Fabio Marcio Squina
- Programa de Processos Tecnológicos e Ambientais, Universidade de Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil.
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Effect of Ferulic Acid and Its Derivatives on Cold-Pressed Flaxseed Oil Oxidative Stability and Bioactive Compounds Retention during Oxidation. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051088. [PMID: 36900605 PMCID: PMC10000395 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferulic acid (FA) is a naturally occurring phenolic antioxidant that is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries due to its low toxicity. Its derivatives also find numerous industrial applications and may have even higher biological activity than ferulic acid. In this study, the effect of the addition of FA and its derivatives-including vanillic acid (VA), dihydroferulic acid (DHFA), and 4-vinylguaiacol (4-VG)-on the oxidative stability of cold-pressed flaxseed oil and the degradation of bioactive compounds during oxidation was investigated. The results showed that FA and its derivatives affected the oxidative stability of flaxseed oil, but their antioxidant activity depended on the concentration (25-200 mg/100 g oil) and temperature of treatment (60-110 °C). Based on Rancimat test results, flaxseed oil oxidative stability predicted at 20 °C increased linearly with ferulic acid concentration, while its derivatives effectively prolonged the induction time at lower concentrations (50-100 mg/100 g oil). The addition of phenolic antioxidants (80 mg/100 g) generally showed a protective effect against polyunsaturated fatty acids (DHFA and 4-VG), sterols (4-VG), tocols (DHFA), squalene, and carotenoids (FA). The exception was VA, which increased the degradation of most bioactive compounds. It is believed that adding properly composed mixtures of FA and its derivatives (DHFA and 4-VG) can extend the shelf life of flaxseed oil and provide nutritional benefits.
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