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Wu D, Zhang J, Jun Y, Liu L, Huang C, Wang W, Yang C, Xiang Z, Wu J, Huang Y, Meng D, Yang Z, Zhou X, Cheng C, Yang J. The emerging role of DOT1L in cell proliferation and differentiation: Friend or foe. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:425-435. [PMID: 37706592 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell proliferation and differentiation are the basic physiological activities of cells. Mistakes in these processes may affect cell survival, or cause cell cycle dysregulation, such as tumorigenesis, birth defects and degenerative diseases. In recent years, it has been found that histone methyltransferase DOT1L is the only H3 lysine 79 methyltransferase, which plays an important role in the process of cell fate determination through monomethylation, dimethylation and trimethylation of H3K79. DOT1L has a pro-proliferative effect in leukemia cells; however, loss of heart-specific DOT1L leads to increased proliferation of cardiac tissue. Additionally, DOT1L has carcinogenic or tumor suppressive effects in different neoplasms. At present, some DOT1L inhibitors for the treatment of MLL-driven leukemia have achieved promising results in clinical trials, but completely blocking DOT1L will also bring some side effects. Thus, this uncertainty suggests that DOT1L has a unique function in cell physiology. In this review, we summarize the primary findings of DOT1L in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Correlations between DOT1L and cell fate specification might suggest DOT1L as a therapeutic target for diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University and Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, PR China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, PR China.
| | - Yang Jun
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University and Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, PR China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, PR China
| | - Cuiyuan Huang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, PR China
| | - Chaojun Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, PR China
| | - Zujin Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University and Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, PR China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, PR China
| | - Jingyi Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University and Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, PR China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, PR China
| | - Yifan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University and Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, PR China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, PR China
| | - Di Meng
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University and Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, PR China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, PR China
| | - Zishu Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, PR China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University and Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, PR China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, PR China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University and Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, PR China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, PR China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, PR China.
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Wille CK, Neumann EN, Deshpande AJ, Sridharan R. DOT1L interaction partner AF10 controls patterning of H3K79 methylation and RNA polymerase II to maintain cell identity. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:2451-2463. [PMID: 37995701 PMCID: PMC10724070 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone 3 lysine 79 methylation (H3K79me) is enriched on gene bodies proportional to gene expression levels and serves as a strong barrier for the reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). DOT1L is the sole histone methyltransferase that deposits all three orders-mono (me1), di (me2), and tri (me3) methylation-at H3K79. Here, we leverage genetic and chemical approaches to parse the specific functions of orders of H3K79me in maintaining cell identity. DOT1L interacts with AF10 (Mllt10), which recognizes unmodified H3K27 and boosts H3K79me2/3 methylation. AF10 deletion evicts H3K79me2/3 and reorganizes H3K79me1 to the transcription start site to facilitate iPSC formation in the absence of steady-state transcriptional changes. Instead, AF10 loss redistributes RNA polymerase II to a uniquely pluripotent pattern at highly expressed, rapidly transcribed housekeeping genes. Taken together, we reveal a specific mechanism for H3K79me2/3 located at the gene body in reinforcing cell identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coral K Wille
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Edwin N Neumann
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Aniruddha J Deshpande
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Rupa Sridharan
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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Mellis IA, Bodkin N, Melzer ME, Goyal Y. Prevalence of and gene regulatory constraints on transcriptional adaptation in single cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.14.553318. [PMID: 37645989 PMCID: PMC10462021 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.14.553318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Cells and tissues have a remarkable ability to adapt to genetic perturbations via a variety of molecular mechanisms. Nonsense-induced transcriptional compensation, a form of transcriptional adaptation, has recently emerged as one such mechanism, in which nonsense mutations in a gene can trigger upregulation of related genes, possibly conferring robustness at cellular and organismal levels. However, beyond a handful of developmental contexts and curated sets of genes, to date, no comprehensive genome-wide investigation of this behavior has been undertaken for mammalian cell types and contexts. Moreover, how the regulatory-level effects of inherently stochastic compensatory gene networks contribute to phenotypic penetrance in single cells remains unclear. Here we combine computational analysis of existing datasets with stochastic mathematical modeling and machine learning to uncover the widespread prevalence of transcriptional adaptation in mammalian systems and the diverse single-cell manifestations of minimal compensatory gene networks. Regulon gene expression analysis of a pooled single-cell genetic perturbation dataset recapitulates important model predictions. Our integrative approach uncovers several putative hits-genes demonstrating possible transcriptional adaptation-to follow up on experimentally, and provides a formal quantitative framework to test and refine models of transcriptional adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A. Mellis
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas Bodkin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Madeline E. Melzer
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yogesh Goyal
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Cribbs AP, Oppermann U. Phenotypic Chemical Screening in CD4 + T Cells to Identify Epigenetic Inhibitors. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2706:225-231. [PMID: 37558953 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3397-7_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Chemical biology provides an attractive approach to identify genes involved in a particular biological process. This screening approach has its advantages because the assays are usually non-destructive, and analysis can be performed even if the mechanism of action is unknown. During an immune reaction, cells upregulate the expression and secretion of small proteins called cytokines that have specific effects on the interactions and communication between cells. Here, we describe the principles and steps involved in the execution of chemical screening for identifying epigenetic inhibitors that affect cytokine production in differentiated Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells. Our approach provides a rationale for identifying epigenetic chemical compounds that are capable of controlling CD4+ T-cell cytokine function that may be beneficial for treating inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Cribbs
- Botnar Research Centre, NIHR BRC Oxford, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford Translational Myeloma Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Udo Oppermann
- Botnar Research Centre, NIHR BRC Oxford, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Translational Myeloma Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Kwesi-Maliepaard EM, Jacobs H, van Leeuwen F. Signals for antigen-independent differentiation of memory CD8 + T cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6395-6408. [PMID: 34398252 PMCID: PMC8558200 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03912-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Conventional CD8+ memory T cells develop upon stimulation with foreign antigen and provide increased protection upon re-challenge. Over the past two decades, new subsets of CD8+ T cells have been identified that acquire memory features independently of antigen exposure. These antigen-inexperienced memory T cells (TAIM) are described under several names including innate memory, virtual memory, and memory phenotype. TAIM cells exhibit characteristics of conventional or true memory cells, including antigen-specific responses. In addition, they show responsiveness to innate stimuli and have been suggested to provide additional levels of protection toward infections and cancer. Here, we discuss the current understanding of TAIM cells, focusing on extrinsic and intrinsic molecular conditions that favor their development, their molecular definitions and immunological properties, as well as their transcriptional and epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heinz Jacobs
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fred van Leeuwen
- Division of Gene Regulation, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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