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Sun Y, Liu Y, Dian Y, Zeng F, Deng G, Lei S. Association of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists with risk of cancers-evidence from a drug target Mendelian randomization and clinical trials. Int J Surg 2024; 110:4688-4694. [PMID: 38701500 PMCID: PMC11325911 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) agonists have been approved by Food and Drug Administration for management of obesity. However, the causal relationship of GLP1R agonists (GLP1RA) with cancers still unclear. METHODS The available cis-eQTLs for drugs target genes (GLP1R) were used as proxies for exposure to GLP1RA. Mendelian randomizations (MR) were performed to reveal the association of genetically-proxied GLP1RA with 14 common types cancer from large-scale consortia. Type 2 diabetes was used as positive control, and the GWASs data including 80 154 cases and 853 816 controls. Replicating the findings in the FinnGen study and then pooled with meta-analysis. Finally, all the related randomized controlled trails (RCTs) on GLP1RA were systematically searched from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to comprehensively synthesize the evidence to validate any possible association with cancers. RESULT A total of 22 significant cis-eQTL single-nucleotide polymorphisms were included as genetic instrument. The association of genetically-proxied GLP1RA with significantly decreased type 2 diabetes risk [OR (95%)=0.82 (0.79-0.86), P <0.001], which ensuring the effectiveness of identified genetic instruments. The authors found favorable evidence to support the association of GLP1RA with reduced breast cancer and basal cell carcinoma risk [0.92 (0.88-0.96), P <0.001, 0.92 (0.85-0.99), P =0.029, respectively], and with increased colorectal cancer risk [1.12 (1.07-1.18), P <0.001]. In addition, there was no suggestive evidence to support the association of GLP1RA with ovarian cancer [0.99 (0.90-1.09), P =0.827], lung cancer [1.01 (0.93-1.10), P =0760], and thyroid cancer [0.83 (0.63-1.10), P =0.187]. Our findings were consistent with the meta-analysis. Finally, 80 RCTs were included in the systematic review, with a low incidence of different kinds of cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that GLP1RA may decrease the risk of breast cancer and basal cell carcinoma, but increase the risk of colorectal cancer. However, according to the systematic review of RCTs, the incidence of cancer in patients treated with GLP1RA is low. Larger sample sizes of RCTs with long-term follow-up are necessary to establish the incidence of cancers and evaluate the risk-benefit ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Sun
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan
| | - Yongjia Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The 82nd Group Army Hospital of PLA (252 Hospital of PLA), Baoding, People's Republic of China
| | - Yating Dian
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Furong Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Guangtong Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Shaorong Lei
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
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Dermitzakis I, Chatzi D, Kyriakoudi SA, Evangelidis N, Vakirlis E, Meditskou S, Theotokis P, Manthou ME. Skin Development and Disease: A Molecular Perspective. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:8239-8267. [PMID: 39194704 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46080487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin, the largest organ in the human body, is a crucial protective barrier that plays essential roles in thermoregulation, sensation, and immune defence. This complex organ undergoes intricate processes of development. Skin development initiates during the embryonic stage, orchestrated by molecular cues that control epidermal specification, commitment, stratification, terminal differentiation, and appendage growth. Key signalling pathways are integral in coordinating the development of the epidermis, hair follicles, and sweat glands. The complex interplay among these pathways is vital for the appropriate formation and functionality of the skin. Disruptions in multiple molecular pathways can give rise to a spectrum of skin diseases, from congenital skin disorders to cancers. By delving into the molecular mechanisms implicated in developmental processes, as well as in the pathogenesis of diseases, this narrative review aims to present a comprehensive understanding of these aspects. Such knowledge paves the way for developing innovative targeted therapies and personalised treatment approaches for various skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iasonas Dermitzakis
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Despoina Chatzi
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stella Aikaterini Kyriakoudi
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Evangelidis
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efstratios Vakirlis
- First Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54643 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Soultana Meditskou
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paschalis Theotokis
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Eleni Manthou
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Yin W, Li R, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Tang X, Zhu L, Yao H, Li K. Causal association between skin cancer and immune cells: mendelian randomization (MR) study. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:849. [PMID: 39020276 PMCID: PMC11256556 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12603-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous meta-analyses and clinical studies have shown that subtypes of immune cells are associated with the development of skin cancer, but it is not clear whether this association is causal or biased. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis reduces the effect of confounding factors and improves the accuracy of the results when compared to traditional studies. Thus, in order to examine the causal relationship between various immune cell and skin cancer, this study employs two-sample MR. METHODS This study assesses the causal association between 731 immune cell characteristics and skin cancer using a two-sample Mendel randomization (MR) methodology. Multiple MR methods were used to bias and to derive reliable estimates of causality between instrumental variables and outcomes. Comprehensive sensitivity analyses were used to validate the stability, heterogeneity and horizontal multiplicity of the results. RESULTS We discovered that potential causal relationships between different types of immune cells and skin cancer disease. Specifically, one type of immune cell as potentially causal to malignant melanoma of skin (MM), eight different types of immune cells as potentially causal to basal cell carcinoma (BCC), four different types of immune cells as potentially causal to actinic keratosis (AK), and no different types of immune cells were found to have a potential causal association with squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), with stability in all of the results. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the close connection between immune cells and skin cancer disease by genetic means, which enriches the current knowledge about the role of immune cells in skin cancer and also contributes to the design of therapeutic strategies from an immunological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yin
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, Key Laboratory of Melanoma Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650000, China
| | - Ruilei Li
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, Key Laboratory of Melanoma Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650000, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, Key Laboratory of Melanoma Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650000, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, Key Laboratory of Melanoma Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650000, China
| | - Xinghua Tang
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, Key Laboratory of Melanoma Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650000, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, Key Laboratory of Melanoma Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650000, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, Key Laboratory of Melanoma Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650000, China.
| | - Ke Li
- Cancer Biotherapy Center, Key Laboratory of Melanoma Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650000, China.
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Manipur I, Reales G, Sul JH, Shin MK, Longerich S, Cortes A, Wallace C. CoPheScan: phenome-wide association studies accounting for linkage disequilibrium. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5862. [PMID: 38997278 PMCID: PMC11245513 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49990-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) facilitate the discovery of associations between a single genetic variant with multiple phenotypes. For variants which impact a specific protein, this can help identify additional therapeutic indications or on-target side effects of intervening on that protein. However, PheWAS is restricted by an inability to distinguish confounding due to linkage disequilibrium (LD) from true pleiotropy. Here we describe CoPheScan (Coloc adapted Phenome-wide Scan), a Bayesian approach that enables an intuitive and systematic exploration of causal associations while simultaneously addressing LD confounding. We demonstrate its performance through simulation, showing considerably better control of false positive rates than a conventional approach not accounting for LD. We used CoPheScan to perform PheWAS of protein-truncating variants and fine-mapped variants from disease and pQTL studies, in 2275 disease phenotypes from the UK Biobank. Our results identify the complexity of known pleiotropic genes such as APOE, and suggest a new causal role for TGM3 in skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichcha Manipur
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK.
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK.
| | - Guillermo Reales
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
| | | | | | | | - Adrian Cortes
- Human Genetics and Genomics, GSK, Heidelberg, 69117, Germany
| | - Chris Wallace
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Wu B, Pan F, Wang Q, Liang Q, Qiu H, Zhou S, Zhou X. Association between blood metabolites and basal cell carcinoma risk: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1413777. [PMID: 39045268 PMCID: PMC11263015 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1413777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Circulating metabolites, which play a crucial role in our health, have been reported to be disordered in basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Despite these findings, evidence is still lacking to determine whether these metabolites directly promote or prevent BCC's progression. Therefore, our study aims to examine the potential effects of circulating metabolites on BCC progression. Material and methods We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using data from two separate genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The primary study included data for 123 blood metabolites from a GWAS with 25,000 Finnish individuals, while the secondary study had data for 249 blood metabolites from a GWAS with 114,000 UK Biobank participants.GWAS data for BCC were obtained from the UK Biobank for the primary analysis and the FinnGen consortium for the secondary analysis. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Results In the primary analysis, significant causal relationships were found between six metabolic traits and BCC with the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method after multiple testing [P < 4 × 10-4 (0.05/123)]. Four metabolic traits were discovered to be significantly linked with BCC in the secondary analysis, with a significance level of P < 2 × 10-4 (0.05/249). We found that all the significant traits are linked to Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) and their degree of unsaturation. Conclusion Our research has revealed a direct link between the susceptibility of BCC and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and their degree of unsaturation. This discovery implies screening and prevention of BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingliang Wu
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - FuQiang Pan
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - QiaoQi Wang
- Department of Health Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qian Liang
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - HouHuang Qiu
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - SiYuan Zhou
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Han QJ, Zhu YP, Sun J, Ding XY, Wang X, Zhang QZ. PTGES2 and RNASET2 identified as novel potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for basal cell carcinoma: insights from proteome-wide mendelian randomization, colocalization, and MR-PheWAS analyses. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1418560. [PMID: 39035989 PMCID: PMC11257982 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1418560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer, lacking reliable biomarkers or therapeutic targets for effective treatment. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) can aid in identifying drug targets, repurposing existing drugs, predicting clinical trial side effects, and reclassifying patients in clinical utility. Hence, the present study investigates the association between plasma proteins and skin cancer to identify effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BCC. Methods Proteome-wide mendelian randomization was performed using inverse-variance-weight and Wald Ratio methods, leveraging 1 Mb cis protein quantitative trait loci (cis-pQTLs) in the UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project (UKB-PPP) and the deCODE Health Study, to determine the causal relationship between plasma proteins and skin cancer and its subtypes in the FinnGen R10 study and the SAIGE database of Lee lab. Significant association with skin cancer and its subtypes was defined as a false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05. pQTL to GWAS colocalization analysis was executed using a Bayesian model to evaluate five exclusive hypotheses. Strong colocalization evidence was defined as a posterior probability for shared causal variants (PP.H4) of ≥0.85. Mendelian randomization-Phenome-wide association studies (MR-PheWAS) were used to evaluate potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for skin cancer and its subtypes within a phenome-wide human disease category. Results PTGES2, RNASET2, SF3B4, STX8, ENO2, and HS3ST3B1 (besides RNASET2, five other plasma proteins were previously unknown in expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTL)) were significantly associated with BCC after FDR correction in the UKB-PPP and deCODE studies. Reverse MR showed no association between BCC and these proteins. PTGES2 and RNASET2 exhibited strong evidence of colocalization with BCC based on a posterior probability PP.H4 >0.92. Furthermore, MR-PheWAS analysis showed that BCC was the most significant phenotype associated with PTGES2 and RNASET2 among 2,408 phenotypes in the FinnGen R10 study. Therefore, PTGES2 and RNASET2 are highlighted as effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BCC within the phenome-wide human disease category. Conclusion The study identifies PTGES2 and RNASET2 plasma proteins as novel, reliable biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BCC, suggesting more effective clinical application strategies for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Ju Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, and the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi-Pan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, and the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, and the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin-Yu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, and the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang-Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, and the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China
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Reeve MP, Vehviläinen M, Luo S, Ritari J, Karjalainen J, Gracia-Tabuenca J, Mehtonen J, Padmanabhuni SS, Kolosov N, Artomov M, Siirtola H, Olilla HM, Graham D, Partanen J, Xavier RJ, Daly MJ, Ripatti S, Salo T, Siponen M. Oral and non-oral lichen planus show genetic heterogeneity and differential risk for autoimmune disease and oral cancer. Am J Hum Genet 2024; 111:1047-1060. [PMID: 38776927 PMCID: PMC11179409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lichen planus (LP) is a T-cell-mediated inflammatory disease affecting squamous epithelia in many parts of the body, most often the skin and oral mucosa. Cutaneous LP is usually transient and oral LP (OLP) is most often chronic, so we performed a large-scale genetic and epidemiological study of LP to address whether the oral and non-oral subgroups have shared or distinct underlying pathologies and their overlap with autoimmune disease. Using lifelong records covering diagnoses, procedures, and clinic identity from 473,580 individuals in the FinnGen study, genome-wide association analyses were conducted on carefully constructed subcategories of OLP (n = 3,323) and non-oral LP (n = 4,356) and on the combined group. We identified 15 genome-wide significant associations in FinnGen and an additional 12 when meta-analyzed with UKBB (27 independent associations at 25 distinct genomic locations), most of which are shared between oral and non-oral LP. Many associations coincide with known autoimmune disease loci, consistent with the epidemiologic enrichment of LP with hypothyroidism and other autoimmune diseases. Notably, a third of the FinnGen associations demonstrate significant differences between OLP and non-OLP. We also observed a 13.6-fold risk for tongue cancer and an elevated risk for other oral cancers in OLP, in agreement with earlier reports that connect LP with higher cancer incidence. In addition to a large-scale dissection of LP genetics and comorbidities, our study demonstrates the use of comprehensive, multidimensional health registry data to address outstanding clinical questions and reveal underlying biological mechanisms in common but understudied diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Pat Reeve
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Mari Vehviläinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shuang Luo
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jarmo Ritari
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Karjalainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Javier Gracia-Tabuenca
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Mehtonen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shanmukha Sampath Padmanabhuni
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nikita Kolosov
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mykyta Artomov
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Harri Siirtola
- TAUCHI Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hanna M Olilla
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Graham
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Mark J Daly
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Research Unit of Population Health, Department of Oral Pathology, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, and Translational Immunology Program (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Siponen
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Odontology Education Unit, and Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Clinic, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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Luo P, Gao D, Zhang Q. Genetic causal relationship between gut microbiota and basal cell carcinoma: A two-sample mendelian randomization study. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13804. [PMID: 38895789 PMCID: PMC11187847 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research has previously established connections between the intestinal microbiome and the progression of some cancers. However, there is a noticeable gap in the literature in regard to using Mendelian randomisation (MR) to delve into potential causal relationships between the gut microbiota (GM) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Therefore, the purpose of our study was to use MR to explore the causal relationship between four kinds of GM (Bacteroides, Streptococcus, Proteobacteria and Lachnospiraceae) and BCC. METHODS We used genome-wide association study (GWAS) data and MR to explore the causal relationship between four kinds of GM and BCC. This study primarily employed the random effect inverse variance weighted (IVW) model for analysis, as complemented by additional methods including the simple mode, weighted median, weighted mode and MR‒Egger methods. We used heterogeneity and horizontal multiplicity to judge the reliability of each analysis. MR-PRESSO was mainly used to detect and correct outliers. RESULTS The random-effects IVW results showed that Bacteroides (OR = 0.936, 95% CI = 0.787-1.113, p = 0.455), Streptococcus (OR = 0.974, 95% CI = 0.875-1.083, p = 0.629), Proteobacteria (OR = 1.113, 95% CI = 0.977-1.267, p = 0.106) and Lachnospiraceae (OR = 1.027, 95% CI = 0.899-1.173, p = 0.688) had no genetic causal relationship with BCC. All analyses revealed no horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneity or outliers. CONCLUSION We found that Bacteroides, Streptococcus, Proteobacteria and Lachnospiraceae do not increase the incidence of BCC at the genetic level, which provides new insight for the study of GM and BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Luo
- Department of Comprehensive Plastic SurgeryPlastic Surgery HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Dejin Gao
- Department of Comprehensive Plastic SurgeryPlastic Surgery HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Qingguo Zhang
- Department of Comprehensive Plastic SurgeryPlastic Surgery HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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Gholami M. Common and novel haplotype structures between different types of cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2107. [PMID: 39031745 PMCID: PMC11190585 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of genetic variants associated with cancer risk. GWAS data are important for cancer prevention and understanding the underlying mechanisms of cancer. AIMS This study aimed to investigate the genetic association between different types of cancer using GWAS data and a bioinformatics approach. METHODS AND RESULTS The significant GWAS variants associated with more than one cancer type were identified. Common linkage disequilibrium (LD) variants between different types of cancer were identified by 1000 genomes phase 3 LD data. Haplotype blocks were identified by analyzing 1000 Genomes phase 3 genotyping data in the GWAS populations. Subsequent analyses included functional SNP analyses and TCGA gene expression. The results associated with significant GWAS variants (P<5E-8) showed the following haplotype associations in European population: GT rs4808075-rs8170 haplotype on BABAM1 with breast and ovarian cancers, GC rs16857609-rs11693806 haplotype on DIRC3 with breast and thyroid cancers, GCG rs380286-rs401681-rs31487 haplotype on CLPTM1L with skin and lung cancers, GGG rs4430796-rs11651052-rs11263763 haplotype on HNF1B with prostate and endometrial cancers, and GT rs10505477-rs6983267 haplotype on CASC8 associated with colorectal and prostate cancers. All these genes had significantly different expressions in tumor tissues (P<1E-3). In addition, the rs11693806 variant is located in the hsa-miR-873-5p binding site and has an enhancing effect on the hsa-miR-873-5p:DIRC3 interaction. CONCLUSION These novel haplotype structures and miRNA:lncRNA interactions are important for understanding the common genetic link between cancers. These results can potentially be used in genetic panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Gholami
- Department of Paramedicine, Amol School of Paramedical SciencesMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular‐Cellular Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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10
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Zhang XX, Yu XY, Xu SJ, Shi XQ, Chen Y, Shi Q, Sun C. rs2736098, a synonymous polymorphism, is associated with carcinogenesis and cell count in multiple tissue types by regulating TERT expression. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27802. [PMID: 38496869 PMCID: PMC10944260 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
rs2736098 is a synonymous polymorphism in TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase), an enzyme involved in tumor onset of multiple tissues, and should play no roles in carcinogenesis. However, a search in cancer somatic mutation database indicated that the mutation frequency at rs2736098 is much higher than the average one for TERT. Moreover, there are significant H3K4me1 and H3K27Ac signals, two universal histone modifications for active enhancers, surrounding rs2736098. Therefore, we hypothesized that rs2736098 might be within an enhancer region, regulate TERT expression and influence cancer risk. Through luciferase assay, it was verified that the enhancer activity of rs2736098C allele is significantly higher than that of T in multiple tissues. Transfection of plasmids containing TERT coding region with two different alleles indicated that rs2736098C allele can induce a significantly higher TERT expression than T. By chromatin immunoprecipitation, it was observed that the fragment spanning rs2736098 can interact with USF1 (upstream transcription factor 1). The two alleles of rs2736098 present evidently different binding affinity with nuclear proteins. Database and literature search indicated that rs2736098 is significantly associated with carcinogenesis in multiple tissues and count of multiple cell types. All these facts indicated that rs2736098 is also an oncogenic polymorphism and plays important role in cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, PR China
| | - Xin-Yi Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, PR China
| | - Shuang-Jia Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qian Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, PR China
| | - Ying Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, PR China
| | - Qiang Shi
- College of Biology Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Shangluo University, Shangluo, Shaanxi, 726000, PR China
| | - Chang Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, PR China
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11
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Yarmolinsky J, Robinson JW, Mariosa D, Karhunen V, Huang J, Dimou N, Murphy N, Burrows K, Bouras E, Smith-Byrne K, Lewis SJ, Galesloot TE, Kiemeney LA, Vermeulen S, Martin P, Albanes D, Hou L, Newcomb PA, White E, Wolk A, Wu AH, Le Marchand L, Phipps AI, Buchanan DD, Zhao SS, Gill D, Chanock SJ, Purdue MP, Davey Smith G, Brennan P, Herzig KH, Järvelin MR, Amos CI, Hung RJ, Dehghan A, Johansson M, Gunter MJ, Tsilidis KK, Martin RM. Association between circulating inflammatory markers and adult cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization analysis. EBioMedicine 2024; 100:104991. [PMID: 38301482 PMCID: PMC10844944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.104991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumour-promoting inflammation is a "hallmark" of cancer and conventional epidemiological studies have reported links between various inflammatory markers and cancer risk. The causal nature of these relationships and, thus, the suitability of these markers as intervention targets for cancer prevention is unclear. METHODS We meta-analysed 6 genome-wide association studies of circulating inflammatory markers comprising 59,969 participants of European ancestry. We then used combined cis-Mendelian randomization and colocalisation analysis to evaluate the causal role of 66 circulating inflammatory markers in risk of 30 adult cancers in 338,294 cancer cases and up to 1,238,345 controls. Genetic instruments for inflammatory markers were constructed using genome-wide significant (P < 5.0 × 10-8) cis-acting SNPs (i.e., in or ±250 kb from the gene encoding the relevant protein) in weak linkage disequilibrium (LD, r2 < 0.10). Effect estimates were generated using inverse-variance weighted random-effects models and standard errors were inflated to account for weak LD between variants with reference to the 1000 Genomes Phase 3 CEU panel. A false discovery rate (FDR)-corrected P-value ("q-value") <0.05 was used as a threshold to define "strong evidence" to support associations and 0.05 ≤ q-value < 0.20 to define "suggestive evidence". A colocalisation posterior probability (PPH4) >70% was employed to indicate support for shared causal variants across inflammatory markers and cancer outcomes. Findings were replicated in the FinnGen study and then pooled using meta-analysis. FINDINGS We found strong evidence to support an association of genetically-proxied circulating pro-adrenomedullin concentrations with increased breast cancer risk (OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.10-1.29, q-value = 0.033, PPH4 = 84.3%) and suggestive evidence to support associations of interleukin-23 receptor concentrations with increased pancreatic cancer risk (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.20-1.69, q-value = 0.055, PPH4 = 73.9%), prothrombin concentrations with decreased basal cell carcinoma risk (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.53-0.81, q-value = 0.067, PPH4 = 81.8%), and interleukin-1 receptor-like 1 concentrations with decreased triple-negative breast cancer risk (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88-0.97, q-value = 0.15, PPH4 = 85.6%). These findings were replicated in pooled analyses with the FinnGen study. Though suggestive evidence was found to support an association of macrophage migration inhibitory factor concentrations with increased bladder cancer risk (OR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.48-4.10, q-value = 0.072, PPH4 = 76.1%), this finding was not replicated when pooled with the FinnGen study. For 22 of 30 cancer outcomes examined, there was little evidence (q-value ≥0.20) that any of the 66 circulating inflammatory markers examined were associated with cancer risk. INTERPRETATION Our comprehensive joint Mendelian randomization and colocalisation analysis of the role of circulating inflammatory markers in cancer risk identified potential roles for 4 circulating inflammatory markers in risk of 4 site-specific cancers. Contrary to reports from some prior conventional epidemiological studies, we found little evidence of association of circulating inflammatory markers with the majority of site-specific cancers evaluated. FUNDING Cancer Research UK (C68933/A28534, C18281/A29019, PPRCPJT∖100005), World Cancer Research Fund (IIG_FULL_2020_022), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR202411, BRC-1215-20011), Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00011/1, MC_UU_00011/3, MC_UU_00011/6, and MC_UU_00011/4), Academy of Finland Project 326291, European Union's Horizon 2020 grant agreement no. 848158 (EarlyCause), French National Cancer Institute (INCa SHSESP20, 2020-076), Versus Arthritis (21173, 21754, 21755), National Institutes of Health (U19 CA203654), National Cancer Institute (U19CA203654).
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Affiliation(s)
- James Yarmolinsky
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, UK.
| | - Jamie W Robinson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Daniela Mariosa
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Ville Karhunen
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Research Unit of Mathematical Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, UK; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Niki Dimou
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Neil Murphy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Kimberley Burrows
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Emmanouil Bouras
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Karl Smith-Byrne
- The Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah J Lewis
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Sita Vermeulen
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Martin
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, UK
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Emily White
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna H Wu
- University of Southern California, Preventative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- Colorectal Oncogenomic Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Genetic Medicine and Family Clinic, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sizheng Steven Zhao
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, Faculty of Biological Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Dipender Gill
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, UK
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Institute of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center and Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital, OYS, Oulu, Finland; Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - Chris I Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, UK; Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, UK; Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Kostas K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Richard M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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12
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Choquet H, Jiang C, Yin J, Kim Y, Hoffmann TJ, Jorgenson E, Asgari MM. Multi-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis identifies novel basal cell carcinoma loci and shared genetic effects with squamous cell carcinoma. Commun Biol 2024; 7:33. [PMID: 38182794 PMCID: PMC10770328 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, yet its genetic determinants are incompletely defined. We perform a European ancestry genome-wide association (GWA) meta-analysis and a Hispanic/Latino ancestry GWA meta-analysis and meta-analyze both in a multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis of BCC, totaling 50,531 BCC cases and 762,234 controls from four cohorts (GERA, Mass-General Brigham Biobank, UK Biobank, and 23andMe research cohort). Here we identify 122 BCC-associated loci, of which 36 were novel, and subsequently fine-mapped these associations. We also identify an association of the well-known pigment gene SLC45A2 as well as associations at RCC2 and CLPTM1L with BCC in Hispanic/Latinos. We examine these BCC loci for association with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) in 16,407 SCC cases and 762,486 controls of European ancestry, and 33 SNPs show evidence of association. Our study findings provide important insights into the genetic basis of BCC and cSCC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Choquet
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA.
| | - Chen Jiang
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Jie Yin
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Yuhree Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas J Hoffmann
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Maryam M Asgari
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Chen X, Song S, Shi J, Wang Z, Song W, Wang J, Wang G, Wang X. Evaluating the effect of body mass index and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D level on basal cell carcinoma using Mendelian randomization. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16552. [PMID: 37783777 PMCID: PMC10545741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43926-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer with a rising incidence among white-skinned individuals. A number of epidemiological studies have suggested that obesity and serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels may affect the arising of BCC. To address this, we selected 443 and 96 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with body mass index (BMI) and serum level of 25(OH)D from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS), respectively. The univariable and multivariable two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted with a series of sensitivity analyses to ensure the results were reliable and reproducible. The results of univariable two-sample MR analysis showed that higher BMI was related to lower risk for BCC (Odds ratio(OR) = 0.90; 95% confidence interval (CI),[0.81,0.99]; p = 0.02). In addition, this causal effect of BMI on BCC still remained (OR = 0.88; 95%CI,[- 0.22, - 0.03], p-value = 0.008) after adjusting for 25(OH)D level in the multivariable MR analysis. However, the results suggested that 25(OH)D level was not associated with BCC(OR = 1.02; 95%CI, [0.94,1.09], p-value = 0.67). In conclusion, similar to the conclusions of retrospective observational studies, the MR results indicate that high BMI is an independent protective factor for BCC. Meanwhile, vitamin D levels may not be causally associated with the risk of basal cell carcinoma and increasing vitamin D supplementation is unlikely to reduce the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhao Chen
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China
| | - Shan Song
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jinyu Shi
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhiyao Wang
- Department of Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Wenyu Song
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China
| | - Guoyan Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China.
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Yu N, Wang J, Liu Y, Guo Y. Multivariate Mendelian randomization provides no evidence for causal associations among both psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, and skin cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1252720. [PMID: 37795084 PMCID: PMC10546308 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1252720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Some retrospective studies reported that psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) may have been associated with an elevated risk of skin cancer. The causal associations among them remain unclear. Objectives To evaluate the causal association of among both PsO and PsA, and skin cancer. Methods We performed large-scale two-sample and Multivariate Mendelian randomization analyses to examine whether there is a causal relationship between PsO and PsA, and skin cancer, encompassing basal cell carcinoma (BCC), cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), and cutaneous melanoma (CM). Results Genetically predicted PsO, per log-odds ratio increase, showed no significant association with the risk of BCC, cSCC, and CM. The odds ratios (with corresponding 95% confidence intervals) for BCC, cSCC, and CM were 1.00 (0.99,1.01) (PIvw = 0.990), 0.94(0.89, 1.00) (PIvw = 0.065), and 0.99 (0.98, 1.01) (PIvw = 0.239), respectively. PsA showed a significant association with a decreased risk of BCC, with odds ratios (with corresponding 95% confidence intervals) of 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) (PIvw = 0.214) and 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) (PIvw = 0.477), respectively. Univariate analysis of the FinnGen database demonstrated PsA did exhibit a significant association with the decrease risk of BCC, with an odds ratio of 0.94(0.90,0.99) (PIvw = 0.016). However, this association disappeared after other risk factors were adjusted. Conclusions Our findings suggest no causal association between PsO and PsA and the genetic risk of skin cancer. Further observational studies are required to elucidate the relationship among PsO, PsA, and skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianzhou Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuancheng Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yeye Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Pich-Bavastro C, Yerly L, Di Domizio J, Tissot-Renaud S, Gilliet M, Kuonen F. Activin A-Mediated Polarization of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and Macrophages Confers Resistance to Checkpoint Immunotherapy in Skin Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3498-3513. [PMID: 37327314 PMCID: PMC10472111 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cemiplimab is approved for the treatment of locally advanced basal cell carcinomas (BCC), although with mitigated results. We sought to interrogate the cellular and molecular transcriptional reprogramming underlying BCC resistance to immunotherapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Here, we combined spatial and single-cell transcriptomics to deconvolute the spatial heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment in regard with response to immunotherapy, in a cohort of both naïve and resistant BCCs. RESULTS We identified subsets of intermingled cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) and macrophages contributing the most to CD8 T-cell exclusion and immunosuppression. Within this spatially resolved peritumoral immunosuppressive niche, CAFs and adjacent macrophages were found to display Activin A-mediated transcriptional reprogramming towards extracellular matrix remodeling, suggesting active participation to CD8 T-cell exclusion. In independent datasets of human skin cancers, Activin A-conditioned CAFs and macrophages were associated with resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our data identify the cellular and molecular plasticity of tumor microenvironment (TME) and the pivotal role of Activin A in polarizing the TME towards immune suppression and ICI resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Pich-Bavastro
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laura Yerly
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jeremy Di Domizio
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stéphanie Tissot-Renaud
- Department of Oncology, Immune Landscape Laboratory, Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Gilliet
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - François Kuonen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Human Regulatory T Cells: Understanding the Role of Tregs in Select Autoimmune Skin Diseases and Post-Transplant Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021527. [PMID: 36675037 PMCID: PMC9864298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an important role in maintaining immune tolerance and homeostasis by modulating how the immune system is activated. Several studies have documented the critical role of Tregs in suppressing the functions of effector T cells and antigen-presenting cells. Under certain conditions, Tregs can lose their suppressive capability, leading to a compromised immune system. For example, mutations in the Treg transcription factor, Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3), can drive the development of autoimmune diseases in multiple organs within the body. Furthermore, mutations leading to a reduction in the numbers of Tregs or a change in their function facilitate autoimmunity, whereas an overabundance can inhibit anti-tumor and anti-pathogen immunity. This review discusses the characteristics of Tregs and their mechanism of action in select autoimmune skin diseases, transplantation, and skin cancer. We also examine the potential of Tregs-based cellular therapies in autoimmunity.
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Genetic Variants in Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Contribute to Solar Lentigines. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 143:1062-1072.e25. [PMID: 36572090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Solar lentigines (SLs) are a hallmark of human skin aging. They result from chronic exposure to sunlight and other environmental stressors. Recent studies also imply genetic factors, but findings are partially conflicting and lack of replication. Through a multi-trait based analysis strategy, we discovered that genetic variants in telomerase reverse transcriptase were significantly associated with non-facial SL in two East Asian (Taizhou longitudinal cohort, n = 2,964 and National Survey of Physical Traits, n = 2,954) and one Caucasian population (SALIA, n = 462), top SNP rs2853672 (P-value for Taizhou longitudinal cohort = 1.32 × 10‒28 and P-value for National Survey of Physical Traits = 3.66 × 10‒17 and P-value for SALIA = 0.0007 and Pmeta = 4.93 × 10‒44). The same variants were nominally associated with facial SL but not with other skin aging or skin pigmentation traits. The SL-enhanced allele/haplotype upregulated the transcription of the telomerase reverse transcriptase gene. Of note, well-known telomerase reverse transcriptase‒related aging markers such as leukocyte telomere length and intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration were not associated with SL. Our results indicate a previously unrecognized role of telomerase reverse transcriptase in skin aging‒related lentigines formation.
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Hussain S, Yates C, Campbell MJ. Vitamin D and Systems Biology. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245197. [PMID: 36558356 PMCID: PMC9782494 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological actions of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) have been investigated intensively for over 100 years and has led to the identification of significant insights into the repertoire of its biological actions. These were initially established to be centered on the regulation of calcium transport in the colon and deposition in bone. Beyond these well-known calcemic roles, other roles have emerged in the regulation of cell differentiation processes and have an impact on metabolism. The purpose of the current review is to consider where applying systems biology (SB) approaches may begin to generate a more precise understanding of where the VDR is, and is not, biologically impactful. Two SB approaches have been developed and begun to reveal insight into VDR biological functions. In a top-down SB approach genome-wide scale data are statistically analyzed, and from which a role for the VDR emerges in terms of being a hub in a biological network. Such approaches have confirmed significant roles, for example, in myeloid differentiation and the control of inflammation and innate immunity. In a bottom-up SB approach, current biological understanding is built into a kinetic model which is then applied to existing biological data to explain the function and identify unknown behavior. To date, this has not been applied to the VDR, but has to the related ERα and identified previously unknown mechanisms of control. One arena where applying top-down and bottom-up SB approaches may be informative is in the setting of prostate cancer health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Hussain
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Oncology Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Moray J. Campbell
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Correspondence:
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Shao Z, Wang T, Qiao J, Zhang Y, Huang S, Zeng P. A comprehensive comparison of multilocus association methods with summary statistics in genome-wide association studies. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 23:359. [PMID: 36042399 PMCID: PMC9429742 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-04897-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multilocus analysis on a set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) pre-assigned within a gene constitutes a valuable complement to single-marker analysis by aggregating data on complex traits in a biologically meaningful way. However, despite the existence of a wide variety of SNP-set methods, few comprehensive comparison studies have been previously performed to evaluate the effectiveness of these methods. RESULTS We herein sought to fill this knowledge gap by conducting a comprehensive empirical comparison for 22 commonly-used summary-statistics based SNP-set methods. We showed that only seven methods could effectively control the type I error, and that these well-calibrated approaches had varying power performance under the simulation scenarios. Overall, we confirmed that the burden test was generally underpowered and score-based variance component tests (e.g., sequence kernel association test) were much powerful under the polygenic genetic architecture in both common and rare variant association analyses. We further revealed that two linkage-disequilibrium-free P value combination methods (e.g., harmonic mean P value method and aggregated Cauchy association test) behaved very well under the sparse genetic architecture in simulations and real-data applications to common and rare variant association analyses as well as in expression quantitative trait loci weighted integrative analysis. We also assessed the scalability of these approaches by recording computational time and found that all these methods can be scalable to biobank-scale data although some might be relatively slow. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we hope that our findings can offer an important guidance on how to choose appropriate multilocus association analysis methods in post-GWAS era. All the SNP-set methods are implemented in the R package called MCA, which is freely available at https://github.com/biostatpzeng/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghe Shao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahao Qiao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuiping Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Engineering Research Innovation Center of Biological Data Mining and Healthcare Transformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
- Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
- Engineering Research Innovation Center of Biological Data Mining and Healthcare Transformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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20
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Scola L, Bongiorno MR, Forte GI, Aiello A, Accardi G, Scrimali C, Spina R, Lio D, Candore G. TGF-β/VEGF-A Genetic Variants Interplay in Genetic Susceptibility to Non-Melanocytic Skin Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071235. [PMID: 35886018 PMCID: PMC9317818 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Differential genetically determined expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β pathway and of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) might modulate the molecular “milieu” involved in the etio-pathogenesis of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). We have evaluated the frequency of some functionally relevant SNPs of TGF-β and VEGF-A genes in 70 NMSC patients and 161 healthy controls, typed for TGF-β1 rs1800471, TGF-β2 rs900, TGF-βR1 rs334348 and rs334349, TGF-βR2 rs4522809 and VEGF-A rs3025039 SNPs. TGF-βR2 rs1800629G allele and related genotypes were found to be associated with a possible protective role against NMSC, whereas VEGF-A rs3025039T was associated with an increased risk. To evaluate the effect of genotype combinations on NMSC susceptibility, we determined the frequencies of 31 pseudo-haplotypes due to non-random linkage among alleles of loci not lying on the same chromosome. Two pseudo-haplotypes that imply a minor allele of TGF-βR2 or minor allele of VEGF-A SNPs combined with major alleles of the other SNPs were, respectively, associated with a protective effect, and susceptibility to NMSC. In addition, a pseudo-haplotype involving minor alleles of TGF-β2 rs900, TGF-βR1 rs334348 and rs4522809 SNPs might be a susceptibility marker for NMSC. In conclusion, our data suggest that a complex interplay among the genetic polymorphisms of TGF-β, TGF-β receptors and VEGF-A genes might influence the net effect of genetic background of the patients on NMSC development. This might be relevant in the risk evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of NMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Scola
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Bio-Medicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90135 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Maria Rita Bongiorno
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giusi Irma Forte
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), 90015 Cefalù, Italy;
| | - Anna Aiello
- General Pathology, Department of Bio-Medicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90135 Palermo, Italy; (A.A.); (G.A.); (G.C.)
| | - Giulia Accardi
- General Pathology, Department of Bio-Medicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90135 Palermo, Italy; (A.A.); (G.A.); (G.C.)
| | - Chiara Scrimali
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (C.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Rossella Spina
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (C.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Domenico Lio
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Migrate”, University of Palermo, 90135 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- General Pathology, Department of Bio-Medicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90135 Palermo, Italy; (A.A.); (G.A.); (G.C.)
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21
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Gao Z, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Song Y. Advance of T regulatory cells in tumor microenvironment remodeling and immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221092900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly aggressive, deadly, and is rarely diagnosed early. Regulatory T cells (Treg) are a multifunctional class of immunosuppressive T cells that help maintain immunologic homeostasis and participate in autoimmune diseases, transplants, and tumors. This cell type mediates immune homeostasis, tolerance, and surveillance and is associated with poor outcomes in PDAC. Tregs remodel the tumor immune microenvironment, mediate tumor immune escape, and promote tumor invasion and metastasis. A promising area of research involves regulating Tregs to reduce their infiltration into tumor tissues. However, the complexity of the immune microenvironment has limited the efficacy of immunotherapy in PDAC. Treg modulation combined with other treatments is emerging. This review summarizes the mechanisms of Tregs activity in tumor immune microenvironments in PDAC and the latest developments in immunotherapy and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zetian Gao
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qiubo Zhang
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xie Zhang
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yufei Song
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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22
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Tian Y, Zhang C, Ma W, Huang A, Tian M, Zhao J, Dang Q, Sun Y. A novel classification method for NSCLC based on the background interaction network and the edge-perturbation matrix. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:3155-3174. [PMID: 35398839 PMCID: PMC9037255 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The biological functional network of tumor tissues is relatively stable for a period of time and under different conditions, so the impact of tumor heterogeneity is effectively avoided. Based on edge perturbation, functional gene interaction networks were used to reveal the pathological environment of patients with non-small cell carcinoma at the individual level, and to identify cancer subtypes with the same or similar status, and then a multi-dimensional and multi-omics comprehensive analysis was put into practice. Two edge perturbation subtypes were identified through the construction of the background interaction network and the edge-perturbation matrix (EPM). Further analyses revealed clear differences between those two clusters in terms of prognostic survival, stemness indices, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint molecular expression, copy number alterations, mutation load, homologous recombination defects (HRD), neoantigen load, and chromosomal instability. Additionally, a risk prediction model based on TCGA for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) was successfully constructed and validated using the independent data set (GSE50081).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Somatic Radiotherapy Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250023, PR China
| | - Caiqing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250023, PR China
| | - Wanru Ma
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Alan Huang
- Department of Oncology, Jinan Central Hospital, The Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, PR China
| | - Mei Tian
- Respiratory Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, PR China
| | - Junyan Zhao
- Nursing Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, PR China
| | - Qi Dang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Yuping Sun
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
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23
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Jayarathna DK, Rentería ME, Malik A, Sauret E, Batra J, Gandhi NS. Integrative Transcriptome-Wide Analyses Uncover Novel Risk-Associated MicroRNAs in Hormone-Dependent Cancers. Front Genet 2021; 12:716236. [PMID: 34512726 PMCID: PMC8427606 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.716236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hormone-dependent cancers (HDC) are among the leading causes of death worldwide among both men and women. Some of the established risk factors of HDC include unhealthy lifestyles, environmental factors, and genetic influences. Numerous studies have been conducted to understand gene-cancer associations. Transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) integrate data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and gene expression (expression quantitative trait loci - eQTL) to yield meaningful information on biological pathways associated with complex traits/diseases. Recently, TWAS have enabled the identification of novel associations between HDC risk and protein-coding genes. Methods In the present study, we performed a TWAS analysis using the summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR)-heterogeneity in dependent instruments (HEIDI) method to identify microRNAs (miRNAs), a group of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) associated with HDC risk. We obtained eQTL and GWAS summary statistics from the ncRNA-eQTL database and the National Human Genome Research Institute-European Bioinformatics Institute (NHGRI-EBI) GWAS Catalog. Results We identified 13 TWAS-significant miRNAs at cis regions (±1 Mb) associated with HDC risk (two, five, one, two, and three miRNAs for prostate, breast, ovarian, colorectal, and endometrial cancers, respectively). Among them, eight novel miRNAs were recognized in HDC risk. Eight protein-coding genes targeted by TWAS-identified miRNAs (SIRT1, SOX4, RUNX2, FOXA1, ABL2, SUB1, HNRNPH1, and WAC) are associated with HDC functions and signaling pathways. Conclusion Overall, identifying risk-associated miRNAs across a group of related cancers may help to understand cancer biology and provide novel insights into cancer genetic mechanisms. This customized approach can be applied to identify significant miRNAs in any trait/disease of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulari K Jayarathna
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Miguel E Rentería
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Adil Malik
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Emilie Sauret
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Neha S Gandhi
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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