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Hassold N, Dusser P, Laurent A, Lemelle I, Pillet P, Comarmond C, Mekinian A, Lambert M, Mirault T, Benhamou Y, Belot A, Jeziorski E, Reumaux H, Sibilia J, Desdoits A, Espitia O, Faye A, Quartier P, Saadoun D, Koné-Paut I. Clinical spectrum and outcome of Takayasu's arteritis in children. Joint Bone Spine 2024; 91:105735. [PMID: 38631524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2024.105735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare clinical spectrum and outcome between adults and children with Takayasu's arteritis (TAK) in a European population. METHODS We made a nationwide retrospective observational study between 1988 and 2019. All adult patients met the ACR diagnostic criteria for TAK and all children met the EULAR/PRINTO/PRES criteria for paediatric TAK. RESULTS We identified 46 children and 389 adults with TAK. The male to female ratio was 34/46 (0.74) in the paediatric group compared to 241/274 (0.88) in the adult group (P<0.05). Children presented with significantly more systemic symptoms; i.e., fever (P<0.05), fatigue (P<0.001), weight loss (P<0.001), abdominal pain (P<0.05), and myalgia (P<0.05) while adults had more upper limb claudication (P<0.01). Topography of the lesions differed significantly between the two groups: adults had more damage at the cerebral vasculature (P<0.01), upper and lower limbs (P<0.001) while children had more kidney lesions (P<0.05). Children TAK had more frequent (P<0.01) and higher (P<0.001) biological inflammation than adults. Children received higher dose-weight of corticosteroids (P=0.001) and less biotherapy (P<0.010) at diagnosis. Relapses (P<0.05) and death (8.6% vs 4.9%) were more frequent in children TAK than in adults. CONCLUSION Paediatric TAK seems more severe than adult TAK. Therefore, paediatrics patients may require closer monitoring and systemic use of biological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolan Hassold
- Department of paediatric rheumatology and CEREMAIA, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
| | - Perrine Dusser
- Department of paediatric rheumatology and CEREMAIA, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Audrey Laurent
- Department of paediatric rheumatology, Femme-Mère-Enfant Hospital, HCL, Lyon, France
| | - Irene Lemelle
- Department of paediatric oncology, Hôpitaux de Brabois, CHU, Nancy, France
| | - Pascal Pillet
- Department of paediatrics, Pellegrin Hospital, CHU, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cloé Comarmond
- Department of internal medicine, Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Arsene Mekinian
- Department of internal medicine, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne université, Paris, France
| | - Marc Lambert
- Department of internal medicine, Claude-Huriez Hospital, CHU, Lille, France
| | - Tristan Mirault
- Department of vascular medicine, George-Pompidou Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Ygal Benhamou
- Department of internal medicine, Charles-Nicolle Hospital, CHU, Rouen, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Department of paediatric rheumatology, Femme-Mère-Enfant Hospital, HCL, Lyon, France
| | - Eric Jeziorski
- Department of paediatrics, Arnaud-de-Villeneuve Hospital, CHU, Montpellier, France
| | - Héloïse Reumaux
- Department of paediatrics, Jeanne-de-Flandre Hospital, CHRU, Lille, France
| | - Jean Sibilia
- Department of rheumatology, Arlin d'Alsace Hospital, CHU, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexandra Desdoits
- Department of paediatrics, Hôpital de la Côte-de-Nacre, CHU, Caen, France
| | - Olivier Espitia
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Department of internal and vascular medicine, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Albert Faye
- Department of general paediatrics, infectious diseases and internal medecine, Robert-Debré Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Quartier
- Department of paediatric rheumatology, Necker Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - David Saadoun
- Department of internal medicine, La Pitié-Salpétrière Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne université, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Koné-Paut
- Department of paediatric rheumatology and CEREMAIA, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Peremans L, Twilt M, Benseler SM, Grisaru S, Kirton A, Myers KA, Hamiwka L. Real-World Biomarkers for Pediatric Takayasu Arteritis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7345. [PMID: 39000452 PMCID: PMC11242898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Childhood-onset Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a rare, heterogeneous disease with limited diagnostic markers. Our objective was to identify and classify all candidates for biomarkers of TA diagnosis in children reported in the literature. A systematic literature review (PRISMA) of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Wiley Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrias.gov, and WHO ICTRP for articles related to TA in the pediatric age group between January 2000 and August 2023 was performed. Data on demographics, clinical features, laboratory measurements, diagnostic imaging, and genetic analysis were extracted. We identified 2026 potential articles, of which 52 studies (81% case series) met inclusion criteria. A total of 1067 TA patients were included with a peak onset between 10 and 15 years. Childhood-onset TA predominantly presented with cardiovascular, constitutional, and neurological symptoms. Laboratory parameters exhibited a low sensitivity and specificity. Imaging predominantly revealed involvement of the abdominal aorta and renal arteries, with magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) being the preferred imaging modality. Our review confirms the heterogeneous presentation of childhood-onset TA, posing significant challenges to recognition and timely diagnosis. Collaborative, multinational efforts are essential to better understand the natural course of childhood-onset TA and to identify accurate biomarkers to enhance diagnosis and disease management, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieselot Peremans
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Marinka Twilt
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Susanne M Benseler
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Children's Health Ireland, D01 R5P3 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Silviu Grisaru
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Adam Kirton
- Section of Neurology, Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Kimberly A Myers
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Lorraine Hamiwka
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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Tian X, Zeng X. Chinese guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of Takayasu's arteritis (2023). RHEUMATOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2024; 5:5-26. [PMID: 38571931 PMCID: PMC10985707 DOI: 10.1515/rir-2024-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Takayasu's arteritis (TAK) is a chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease that involves aorta and its primary branches. It is characterized by wall thickening, stenosis/obliteration or aneurysm formation of the involved arteries. In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of TAK in China, a clinical practice guideline with an evidence-based approach is developed under the leadership of National Clinical Medical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID). Eleven recommendations for 11 clinical questions that are important to the diagnosis and treatment of TAK are developed based on the latest evidence and expert opinions combined with real clinical practice in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science& Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science& Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Li L, Zhou F, Li F, Chen J, Xie X. Prevalence of tuberculosis infection among patients with Takayasu arteritis: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22481. [PMID: 38110470 PMCID: PMC10728179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49998-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
To clarify the risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TAK). In this study, we conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, and Medline, from the inception of the Literature Library to May 16, 2023. Using a specific set of keywords, including "Takayasu Arteritis", "Tuberculosis", and "Mycobacterium tuberculosis", the main objective of this search was to identify all relevant observational studies, including case-control studies, cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies, that report the prevalence of TB in individuals diagnosed with TAK. Two independent evaluators rigorously screened the studies, extracted data, and assessed the study quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. Statistical analyses were conducted using R software version 4.3.0, which allowed for the synthesis of prevalence and subgroup analyses. Subgroup analyses were stratified based on quality scores, World Health Organization regional categorizations, and TB categories. Assessment of publication bias was performed using a funnel plot. The study included a total of 30 studies with 5548 participants. The findings showed that individuals with TAK exhibited an average prevalence of TB infection at 31.27% (95% CI 20.48-43.11%). Significantly, the prevalence of TB infection demonstrated notable regional disparities, ranging from 16.93% (95% CI 7.71-28.76%) in the Western Pacific Region to 63.58% (95% CI 35.70-87.66%) in the African Region. Moreover, the study revealed that patients with TAK displayed a high prevalence of latent TB infection (LTBI) at 50.01% (95% CI 31.25-68.77%) and active TB at 14.40% (95% CI 9.03-20.68%). The high heterogeneity observed in the data highlights significant variability in TB infection rates among the populations studied, with the African Region exhibiting the highest rates. The study concludes that there is a high prevalence of TB infection in the TAK population, with regional variations. Consideration should be given to implementing rigorous TB screening measures and preventive interventions specifically tailored for the TAK population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Li
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Jinwei Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Xie
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
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Kushwah S, Ramanan AV, Bagri NK. Infantile Takayasu arteritis: how is it different? Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:2946-2947. [PMID: 36975614 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kushwah
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Athimalaipet V Ramanan
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Narendra Kumar Bagri
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Miller-Barmak A, Sztajnbok F, Balik Z, Borzutzky A, Fogel LA, Goldzweig O, Ozen S, Butbul Aviel Y. Infantile Takayasu: clinical features and long-term outcome. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:3126-3132. [PMID: 36495199 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is a large-vessel vasculitis rarely reported in children and infants. Most articles on paediatric TAK have not focused on infants. We present the largest case series of infantile TAK, aiming to identify its demographic and clinical characteristics and compare them with existing data on older children. METHODS We conducted an international multicentre retrospective cohort study. Epidemiological and clinical data were collected from patients' charts from six rheumatology centres. All patients met both the EULAR/PReS 2008 criteria and the 1990 ACR/EULAR criteria and were diagnosed with TAK at age <5 years. RESULTS Twelve patients were included (50% female). Median age of symptom onset was 11 months, with a diagnostic delay of 4 months. The most common symptoms at presentation were hypertension, blood pressure differences between limbs, and fever. The most commonly involved arteries were the abdominal aorta and renal artery. Medications included steroids, conventional and biologic DMARDs, and other immunosuppressive therapies. Half of the patients received biologic agents, of which infliximab had the highest complete remission rate (40%). Other medications resulting in complete remission were CYC (40%) and MTX (38%). Invasive procedures were required for 58% of patients. The most common complications were cardiac (50%), stroke (42%), and serious infections (33%). No patients died. CONCLUSION This study presents the largest series of infantile TAK. Compared with other reported series on older children, infants with TAK have more severe disease and were more likely to receive biologic agents, develop complications, and require invasive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Miller-Barmak
- Department of Pediatrics B, Ruth Rappaport Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Pediatric Rheumatology Service, Ruth Rappaport Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Flavio Sztajnbok
- Pediatric Rheumatology Division, Pedro Ernesto University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Zeynep Balik
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arturo Borzutzky
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leslie A Fogel
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | - Ofra Goldzweig
- Pediatric Rheumatology Service, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Seza Ozen
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yonatan Butbul Aviel
- Department of Pediatrics B, Ruth Rappaport Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Pediatric Rheumatology Service, Ruth Rappaport Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Lerkvaleekul B, Charuvanij S, Sukharomana M, Pirojsakul K, Kamolwatwong M, Vilaiyuk S. Outcomes in children with rheumatic diseases following COVID-19 vaccination and infection: data from a large two-center cohort study in Thailand. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1194821. [PMID: 37360372 PMCID: PMC10285492 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1194821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is effective in protecting patients from severe COVID-19 infection. Disease flare-up following immunization in children with rheumatic disorders may result in patient reluctance to receive the vaccine. Underlying rheumatic diseases or the use of immunosuppressive drugs may influence the outcomes of COVID-19 vaccination and infection. We aimed to describe outcomes in children with rheumatic diseases following COVID-19 immunization and infection. Methods This retrospective study was performed at two large academic centers in Thailand. During the COVID-19 pandemic, all patients were routinely queried about COVID-19-related conditions. We included patients with rheumatic diseases aged <18 years who received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine or had a history of COVID-19 infection with more than 6 months of recorded follow-up after the last vaccine dose or COVID-19 illness. Demographic information and data on clinical symptoms, disease activity, treatment, outcomes, and COVID-19 vaccination and infection were collected. Results A total of 479 patients were included. Most (229; 47.81%) patients had juvenile idiopathic arthritis, followed by connective tissue diseases (189; 39.46%), vasculitis syndromes (42; 8.76%), and other rheumatic diseases (19; 3.97%). Approximately 90% of patients received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination, and half of the patients had COVID-19 infection. Among patients, 10.72% and 3.27% developed a flare after COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19 illness, respectively. Flare severity after COVID immunization and infection was mainly mild to moderate. The predictor of flare after COVID-19 vaccination was the use of prednisolone ≥10 mg/day before vaccination (hazard ratio: 2.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.05-3.97, p = 0.037). Inactive disease before receiving the COVID-19 vaccination was a predictor of inactive status after a flare (hazard ratio: 2.95, 95% confidence interval: 1.04-8.40; p = 0.043). Overall, 3.36% and 1.61% of patients experienced a new onset of rheumatic disease after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine and after COVID-19 infection, respectively. Conclusion The COVID-19 vaccine is recommended for children with rheumatic disease, particularly those who are in stable condition. After COVID-19 vaccination, patients-especially those with active disease before vaccination or those receiving concurrent prednisolone doses of ≥10 mg/day-should be closely monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Butsabong Lerkvaleekul
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Charuvanij
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Maynart Sukharomana
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kwanchai Pirojsakul
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Malisa Kamolwatwong
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Soamarat Vilaiyuk
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Zhao X, Li C, Kuang W, Deng J, Zhang J, Tan X, Li S, Wang J, Li C. Clinical Characteristics, Treatment, and Outcome of 43 Cases of Infant-Onset Takayasu Arteritis. Indian J Pediatr 2023; 90:416. [PMID: 36808400 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-023-04491-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, No. 56 Nan Li Shi Lu, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, No. 56 Nan Li Shi Lu, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Weiying Kuang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, No. 56 Nan Li Shi Lu, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Jianghong Deng
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, No. 56 Nan Li Shi Lu, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Junmei Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, No. 56 Nan Li Shi Lu, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Xiaohua Tan
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, No. 56 Nan Li Shi Lu, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Shipeng Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, No. 56 Nan Li Shi Lu, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Jiang Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, No. 56 Nan Li Shi Lu, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Caifeng Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Centre for Children's Health, No. 56 Nan Li Shi Lu, Beijing, 100045, China.
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Clemente G, de Souza AW, Leão Filho H, Coelho FMA, Buchpiguel C, Lima M, Carneiro C, Pereira RMR, Aikawa N, Silva CA, Campos LMA, Alves G, Astley C, Gualano B, Terreri MT. Does [18F]F-FDG-PET/MRI add metabolic information to magnetic resonance image in childhood-onset Takayasu’s arteritis patients? A multicenter case series. Adv Rheumatol 2022; 62:28. [DOI: 10.1186/s42358-022-00260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The observation that 2-deoxy-2[18F]fluoro-D-glucose-positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging ([18F]F-FDG-PET/MRI) revealed high-grade arterial wall FDG uptake, without arterial wall thickening with contrast-enhancement, in a considerable number of c-TA patients in our previous study, encouraged us to compare patients with both PET and MR angiography (MRA) positives, with those with PET positive but MRA negative. Our aim was to evaluate the relevance of these two imaging modalities together.
Methods
A three-center cross-sectional study with 17 patients who fulfilled the EULAR/PRINTO/PReS criteria for c-TA and who underwent [18F]F-FDG-PET/MRI was previously performed. Herein we compared patients/vessels with positive PET (arterial wall 18F-FDG uptake higher than liver) and positive MRA (arterial wall thickening with contrast-enhancement)—group 1, with those with positive PET but negative MRA—group 2.
Results
Median disease duration of 17 c-TA patients was 10.4 years. Nine patients were classified as group 1 and six as group 2. Median of metabolic inflammatory volume (MIV) of all arterial segments was significantly higher in group 1 (2346 vs. 1177 cm3; p = 0.036). Fifty-four (19%) from 284 available arterial segments presented positive findings in vessel wall in one or both images. Positive findings were concordant between PET and MRA in only 13% arterial segments (group 1); most changes (28–59.6%) that were discordant between both images, were positive in PET and negative in MRA (group 2).
Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that [18F]F-FDG-PET/MRI added information about inflammation in vessel wall of c-TA patients. Prospective multicenter studies are needed in order to get solid data to guide immunosuppressive tapering and withdrawal.
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Sener S, Basaran O, Kaya Akca U, Atalay E, Kasap Cuceoglu M, Balik Z, Aliyev E, Bayindir Y, Batu ED, Hazirolan T, Bilginer Y, Ozen S. Treatment of childhood-onset Takayasu arteritis: switching between anti-TNF and anti-IL-6 agents. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 61:4885-4891. [PMID: 35262635 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Biologics are new treatment alternatives in Takayasu arteritis (TA), although data in childhood are limited. The aim of this study was to share our experience in seven childhood-onset TA patients who received a TNF-α inhibitor (adalimumab) or an IL-6 receptor inhibitor (tocilizumab) and the effect of switching therapy. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated the medical treatment records of seven patients with TA, followed between August 2005 and January 2021 at the Pediatric Rheumatology Department of Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine. RESULTS The median age of patients was 14 (IQR 4) years, and six were female. All of the patients had severe disease and high acute-phase reactants. The patients initially received only steroids or steroids+CYC. Prednisone was decreased, and biologic agents were started once the acute phase reactants decreased, and the Indian Takayasu Activity Score (ITAS) returned to normal. Initially, four patients received tocilizumab (TCZ) [median 25.5 (IQR 41) months] and three patients received adalimumab (ADA) [median 13 (IQR 31) months]. However, due to the progression of MR angiography findings or persistent elevation in acute-phase reactants, the biologic agents were switched from TCZ to ADA in four patients and from ADA to TCZ in three patients. The patients' median follow-up time after changing was 50 (IQR 77) months, and median ITAS was evaluated as '0' after 2 (IQR 4) months. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, both TNF-α and IL-6 inhibitors are effective alternatives in treating patients with childhood-onset TA. However, prospective randomized controlled trials are needed for the comparison of their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seher Sener
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Ozge Basaran
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics
| | | | - Erdal Atalay
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics
| | | | - Zeynep Balik
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Emil Aliyev
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Yagmur Bayindir
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Ezgi Deniz Batu
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics
| | | | - Yelda Bilginer
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Seza Ozen
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics
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Neonatal medium-sized vessel vasculitis: A rare case report. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHILD HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.7196/sajch.2022.v16i2.1943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasculitis is a rare disorder during the neonatal period. We present a term male neonate of consanguineous parents and birthweight of 4 030 g who presented at 11 days of life with an evolving skin rash. There was no history of drug exposure in the neonate except for routine care. On day 7 of life, multiple erythematous plaques with necrotic or pustular centres appeared. There were no signs of mucosal involvement or sepsis and laboratory findings were normal. Skin biopsy revealed small and intermediate vessel vasculitis. At follow-up 2 weeks after discharge from the hospital, the skin lesions persisted, and at age 2 months, the patient presented with features of severe pneumonia and subsequently died. Vasculitis was reported as the cause of death on postmortem biopsy.
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12
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Aeschlimann FA, Yeung RSM, Laxer RM. An Update on Childhood-Onset Takayasu Arteritis. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:872313. [PMID: 35498790 PMCID: PMC9043359 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.872313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Takayasu Arteritis (TAK) is a rare large vessel vasculitis affecting the aorta and its major branches. The heterogeneous and often severe clinical manifestations result from systemic and local inflammation as well as end-organ ischemia. Disease flares are common and contribute to accrued damage over time with significant morbidity and mortality. Newer understanding of the pathogenesis in TAK has paved the way for the use of pathway targeting agents such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α- or interleuking (IL)-6-inhibitors with improved disease control. Nevertheless, long-term data are lacking, particularly in children; prognosis often remains guarded and the disease burden high. This article aims at providing a comprehensive review of childhood-onset TAK with a focus on recent publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence A. Aeschlimann
- Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Rae S. M. Yeung
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ronald M. Laxer
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Millan P, Gavcovich TB, Abitbol C. Childhood-onset Takayasu arteritis. Curr Opin Pediatr 2022; 34:223-228. [PMID: 35142753 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0000000000001113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Takayasu arteritis is a rare chronic granulomatous large vessel vasculitis that predominantly affects the aorta and its branches. The purpose of this review is to unite the current knowledge regarding the pathophysiology, cause, and epidemiology as well as diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of this condition in children. RECENT FINDINGS Although the etiopathogenesis is not fully understood, studies suggest an autoimmune basis for the disease as well as a genetic predisposition. It is a disease primarily affecting young women with up to a third of cases with onset in childhood. There are distinct features of childhood-onset Takayasu arteritis (cTA) that merit this separate review. Diagnostic criteria and clinical manifestations are unique in pediatric patients with renovascular hypertension being the most prevalent presentation. Traditional treatments involving high-dose corticosteroids and cytotoxic agents are being reconsidered for less toxic contemporary biologic agents. Current algorithms for treatment include early introduction of corticosteroid-sparing agents, such as methotrexate or mycophenolate as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitor (infliximab, adalimumab) and/or interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor inhibitor (tocilizumab). SUMMARY Early diagnosis of cTA with goals to develop effective and well tolerated treatment paradigms are essential to improve the long-term prognosis of this rare and devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Millan
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami/Holtz Children's Hospital. Miami, Florida, USA
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14
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Nawghare P, Thanage R, Jain S, Chandnani S, Rathi PM. Takayasu Arteritis Presenting as Intestinal Angina: Unusual Presentation of a Rare Disease. Cureus 2022; 14:e21548. [PMID: 35228916 PMCID: PMC8865879 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal angina refers to abdominal pain resulting from reduced mesenteric blood flow. Although atherosclerosis is the most common cause, large vessel vasculitis is emerging as one of the common causes. We have reported a case of an 18-year-old female who presented with classical symptoms of intestinal angina. On evaluation, the patient was found to have an abdominal aortic aneurysm with a compromised mesenteric blood supply. She was started on steroids and methotrexate along with anti-platelets and anticoagulants. She improved following the treatment and didn't have any complaints on follow-up.
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15
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Haslak F, Yildiz M, Sahin S, Adrovic A, Barut K, Kasapcopur O. Pediatric Takayasu Arteritis: A Review of the Literature. Curr Pediatr Rev 2022; 18:243-250. [PMID: 35249495 DOI: 10.2174/1573396318666220304205518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Takayasu arteritis (TA) is the third most common vasculitis of childhood and is extremely rare. It is mainly characterized by chronic, autoimmune, and granulomatous inflammation of the aorta and its major branches. Women under 40 years of age are mostly affected. It occurs for the first time in childhood in about 30% of affected individuals. Initially, it presents nonspecific constitutional findings. Since there is no specific laboratory finding, diagnosis is challenging. The gold standard imaging method for diagnosis is conventional angiography. Delay in diagnosis can cause devastating consequences. Therefore, in cases presenting with nonspecific findings, with hypertension and high acute phase reactants, the diagnosis should be suspected and confirmed with appropriate imaging method, and treatment should be started immediately. Immunosuppressive agents are the mainstay of the treatment. Biological agents are successful in refractory cases, and endovascular revascularization methods are used in the treatment of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Haslak
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yildiz
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Sahin
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amra Adrovic
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kenan Barut
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Kasapcopur
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
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16
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Aeschlimann FA, Raimondi F, Leiner T, Aquaro GD, Saadoun D, Grotenhuis HB. Overview of imaging in adult- and childhood-onset Takayasu arteritis. J Rheumatol 2021; 49:346-357. [PMID: 34853087 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.210368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Takayasu Arteritis is an idiopathic large vessel vasculitis, that affects young adults and children and can lead to ischemia and end-organ damage. Vascular imaging is crucial for diagnosis, assessment of disease extent and management of the disease. In this article, we critically review evidence for the clinical use of the different imaging modalities conventional angiography, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, Doppler ultrasound and 18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. We thereby focus on their clinical applicability, challenges and specific use in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence A Aeschlimann
- Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Paris, France and Division of Pediatrics, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland; Unité Médicochirurgicale de Cardiologie Congénitale et Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence des Maladies Cardiaques Congénitales Complexes - M3C, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France; Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, F-75013, Paris, France, Centre National de Références Maladies Autoimmunes Systémiques Rares, Centre National de Références Maladies Autoinflammatoires et Amylose Inflammatoire; Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DMU 3iD); INSERM 959, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands. Conflicts of interest. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Address correspondence to Florence A Aeschlimann, MD MPH, Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, 149, Rue de Sèvres, F - 75743 Paris, France. E-mail:
| | - Francesca Raimondi
- Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Paris, France and Division of Pediatrics, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland; Unité Médicochirurgicale de Cardiologie Congénitale et Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence des Maladies Cardiaques Congénitales Complexes - M3C, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France; Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, F-75013, Paris, France, Centre National de Références Maladies Autoimmunes Systémiques Rares, Centre National de Références Maladies Autoinflammatoires et Amylose Inflammatoire; Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DMU 3iD); INSERM 959, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands. Conflicts of interest. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Address correspondence to Florence A Aeschlimann, MD MPH, Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, 149, Rue de Sèvres, F - 75743 Paris, France. E-mail:
| | - Tim Leiner
- Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Paris, France and Division of Pediatrics, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland; Unité Médicochirurgicale de Cardiologie Congénitale et Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence des Maladies Cardiaques Congénitales Complexes - M3C, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France; Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, F-75013, Paris, France, Centre National de Références Maladies Autoimmunes Systémiques Rares, Centre National de Références Maladies Autoinflammatoires et Amylose Inflammatoire; Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DMU 3iD); INSERM 959, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands. Conflicts of interest. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Address correspondence to Florence A Aeschlimann, MD MPH, Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, 149, Rue de Sèvres, F - 75743 Paris, France. E-mail:
| | - Giovanni Donato Aquaro
- Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Paris, France and Division of Pediatrics, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland; Unité Médicochirurgicale de Cardiologie Congénitale et Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence des Maladies Cardiaques Congénitales Complexes - M3C, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France; Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, F-75013, Paris, France, Centre National de Références Maladies Autoimmunes Systémiques Rares, Centre National de Références Maladies Autoinflammatoires et Amylose Inflammatoire; Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DMU 3iD); INSERM 959, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands. Conflicts of interest. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Address correspondence to Florence A Aeschlimann, MD MPH, Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, 149, Rue de Sèvres, F - 75743 Paris, France. E-mail:
| | - David Saadoun
- Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Paris, France and Division of Pediatrics, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland; Unité Médicochirurgicale de Cardiologie Congénitale et Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence des Maladies Cardiaques Congénitales Complexes - M3C, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France; Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, F-75013, Paris, France, Centre National de Références Maladies Autoimmunes Systémiques Rares, Centre National de Références Maladies Autoinflammatoires et Amylose Inflammatoire; Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DMU 3iD); INSERM 959, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands. Conflicts of interest. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Address correspondence to Florence A Aeschlimann, MD MPH, Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, 149, Rue de Sèvres, F - 75743 Paris, France. E-mail:
| | - Heynric B Grotenhuis
- Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Paris, France and Division of Pediatrics, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland; Unité Médicochirurgicale de Cardiologie Congénitale et Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence des Maladies Cardiaques Congénitales Complexes - M3C, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France; Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy; Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, F-75013, Paris, France, Centre National de Références Maladies Autoimmunes Systémiques Rares, Centre National de Références Maladies Autoinflammatoires et Amylose Inflammatoire; Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DMU 3iD); INSERM 959, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands. Conflicts of interest. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Address correspondence to Florence A Aeschlimann, MD MPH, Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, 149, Rue de Sèvres, F - 75743 Paris, France. E-mail:
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Misra DP, Rathore U, Patro P, Agarwal V, Sharma A. Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs for the management of Takayasu arteritis-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 40:4391-4416. [PMID: 33932173 PMCID: PMC8087890 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05743-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacotherapy of Takayasu arteritis (TAK) with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) is an evolving area. A systematic review of Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed Central, clinical trial databases and recent international rheumatology conferences for interventional and observational studies reporting the effectiveness of DMARDs in TAK identified four randomized controlled trials (RCTs, with another longer-term follow-up of one RCT) and 63 observational studies. The identified trials had some concern or high risk of bias. Most observational studies were downgraded on the Newcastle-Ottawa scale due to lack of appropriate comparator groups. Studies used heterogenous outcomes of clinical responses, angiographic stabilization, normalization of inflammatory markers, reduction in vascular uptake on positron emission tomography, reduction in prednisolone doses and relapses. Tocilizumab showed benefit in a RCT compared to placebo in a secondary per-protocol analysis but not the primary intention-to-treat analysis. Abatacept failed to demonstrate benefit compared to placebo for preventing relapses in another RCT. Pooled data from uncontrolled observational studies demonstrated beneficial clinical responses and angiographic stabilization in nearly 80% patients treated with tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitors, tocilizumab or leflunomide. Certainty of evidence for outcomes from RCTs ranged from moderate to very low and was low to very low for all observational studies. There is a paucity of high-quality evidence to guide the pharmacotherapy of TAK. Future observational studies should attempt to include appropriate comparator arms. Multicentric, adequately powered RCTs assessing both clinical and angiographic responses are necessary in TAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Prasanna Misra
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), -226014, Lucknow, India
| | - Upendra Rathore
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), -226014, Lucknow, India
| | - Pallavi Patro
- School of Telemedicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), -226014, Lucknow, India
| | - Vikas Agarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), -226014, Lucknow, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Services, Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), -160012, Chandigarh, India
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18
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Cannon L, Wu EY. Recent Advances in Pediatric Vasculitis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2021; 47:781-796. [PMID: 34635304 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the clinical presentation and diagnosis of select pediatric primary systemic vasculitides. Important advances in understanding the pathogenesis of these rare diseases also are discussed and efforts to harmonize treatment through consensus-based guidelines and multicenter and international collaborations highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cannon
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, 2301 Erwin Road, DUMC Box 3212, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Eveline Y Wu
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, 030 MacNider Hall, CB #7231, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Allergy/Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
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19
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Reid H, Moorthy G, Clark D, Cannon L, Ming D. A Big Headache: An Unusual Case of Hypertensive Urgency in an Adolescent. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2021; 60:427-431. [PMID: 34078125 PMCID: PMC8814905 DOI: 10.1177/00099228211022148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hadley Reid
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ganga Moorthy
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Danielle Clark
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Laura Cannon
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - David Ming
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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20
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Astley C, Clemente G, Terreri MT, Carneiro CG, Lima MS, Buchpiguel CA, Leão Filho H, de Sá Pinto AL, Silva CA, Campos LMA, Aikawa NE, Gil S, Pereira RMR, Roschel H, Gualano B. Home-Based Exercise Training in Childhood-Onset Takayasu Arteritis: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial. Front Immunol 2021; 12:705250. [PMID: 34394103 PMCID: PMC8355888 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.705250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Childhood-onset Takayasu Arteritis (c-TA) is a rare, large-vessel vasculitis seen in children that could predisposing patients to a high risk of mortality. Exercise has the potential to improve overall health in several diseases, but evidence remains scant in c-TA. The main objective of this study was to investigate the safety and potential therapeutic effects of exercise in c-TA. Methods This was a 12-week, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial, to test the effects of a home-based, exercise intervention vs. standard of care in c-TA patients in remission. The primary outcomes were arterial inflammation, assessed by [18F] FDG- PET/MRI and systemic inflammatory markers. Secondary outcomes included, physical activity levels, functionality, body composition, disease-related parameters, and quality of life. Results Thirty-seven patients were assessed for eligibility, which represents the total number of c-TA patients being followed by the three specialized medical ambulatory services in Sao Paulo. After exclusions, fourteen c-TA patients (71.4% females) aged 12-25 years were randomly allocated into exercised (n=5) and non-exercised groups (n=9). Exercise did not exacerbate arterial inflammation. In fact, exercised patients had a reduction in the frequency of vessel segments with severe inflammation, whereas the non-exercised patients had an opposite response (P=0.007). Greater improvements in visceral fat, steps per day, functionality and physical component SF-36 were observed in the exercised patients (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions Exercise is safe and may improve visceral fat, physical activity levels, functionality, and physical component SF-36 in c-TA patients. Thus, exercise arises as a novel, evidence-based intervention to improve general health in c-TA. Clinical Trial Registration https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03494062?term=NCT03494062&draw=2&rank=1, identifier NCT03494062.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Astley
- Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gleice Clemente
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Terreri
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila G Carneiro
- Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (LIM-43), Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos S Lima
- Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (LIM-43), Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel
- Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (LIM-43), Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hilton Leão Filho
- Radiology Institute, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia de Sá Pinto
- Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clovis Artur Silva
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucia Maria Arruda Campos
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nadia Emi Aikawa
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Saulo Gil
- Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Roschel
- Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gualano
- Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Maz M, Chung SA, Abril A, Langford CA, Gorelik M, Guyatt G, Archer AM, Conn DL, Full KA, Grayson PC, Ibarra MF, Imundo LF, Kim S, Merkel PA, Rhee RL, Seo P, Stone JH, Sule S, Sundel RP, Vitobaldi OI, Warner A, Byram K, Dua AB, Husainat N, James KE, Kalot MA, Lin YC, Springer JM, Turgunbaev M, Villa-Forte A, Turner AS, Mustafa RA. 2021 American College of Rheumatology/Vasculitis Foundation Guideline for the Management of Giant Cell Arteritis and Takayasu Arteritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 73:1349-1365. [PMID: 34235884 DOI: 10.1002/art.41774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide evidence-based recommendations and expert guidance for the management of giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu arteritis (TAK) as exemplars of large vessel vasculitis. METHODS Clinical questions regarding diagnostic testing, treatment, and management were developed in the population, intervention, comparator, and outcome (PICO) format for GCA and TAK (27 for GCA, 27 for TAK). Systematic literature reviews were conducted for each PICO question. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology was used to rate the quality of the evidence. Recommendations were developed by the Voting Panel, comprising adult and pediatric rheumatologists and patients. Each recommendation required ≥70% consensus among the Voting Panel. RESULTS We present 22 recommendations and 2 ungraded position statements for GCA, and 20 recommendations and 1 ungraded position statement for TAK. These recommendations and statements address clinical questions relating to the use of diagnostic testing, including imaging, treatments, and surgical interventions in GCA and TAK. Recommendations for GCA include support for the use of glucocorticoid-sparing immunosuppressive agents and the use of imaging to identify large vessel involvement. Recommendations for TAK include the use of nonglucocorticoid immunosuppressive agents with glucocorticoids as initial therapy. There were only 2 strong recommendations; the remaining recommendations were conditional due to the low quality of evidence available for most PICO questions. CONCLUSION These recommendations provide guidance regarding the evaluation and management of patients with GCA and TAK, including diagnostic strategies, use of pharmacologic agents, and surgical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Maz
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter C Grayson
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Susan Kim
- University of California, San Francisco
| | | | | | - Philip Seo
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | | | | | | | - Ann Warner
- Saint Luke's Health System, Kansas City, Missouri
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amy S Turner
- American College of Rheumatology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Reem A Mustafa
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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22
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Maz M, Chung SA, Abril A, Langford CA, Gorelik M, Guyatt G, Archer AM, Conn DL, Full KA, Grayson PC, Ibarra MF, Imundo LF, Kim S, Merkel PA, Rhee RL, Seo P, Stone JH, Sule S, Sundel RP, Vitobaldi OI, Warner A, Byram K, Dua AB, Husainat N, James KE, Kalot MA, Lin YC, Springer JM, Turgunbaev M, Villa-Forte A, Turner AS, Mustafa RA. 2021 American College of Rheumatology/Vasculitis Foundation Guideline for the Management of Giant Cell Arteritis and Takayasu Arteritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2021; 73:1071-1087. [PMID: 34235871 DOI: 10.1002/acr.24632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide evidence-based recommendations and expert guidance for the management of giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu arteritis (TAK) as exemplars of large vessel vasculitis. METHODS Clinical questions regarding diagnostic testing, treatment, and management were developed in the population, intervention, comparator, and outcome (PICO) format for GCA and TAK (27 for GCA, 27 for TAK). Systematic literature reviews were conducted for each PICO question. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology was used to rate the quality of the evidence. Recommendations were developed by the Voting Panel, comprising adult and pediatric rheumatologists and patients. Each recommendation required ≥70% consensus among the Voting Panel. RESULTS We present 22 recommendations and 2 ungraded position statements for GCA, and 20 recommendations and 1 ungraded position statement for TAK. These recommendations and statements address clinical questions relating to the use of diagnostic testing, including imaging, treatments, and surgical interventions in GCA and TAK. Recommendations for GCA include support for the use of glucocorticoid-sparing immunosuppressive agents and the use of imaging to identify large vessel involvement. Recommendations for TAK include the use of nonglucocorticoid immunosuppressive agents with glucocorticoids as initial therapy. There were only 2 strong recommendations; the remaining recommendations were conditional due to the low quality of evidence available for most PICO questions. CONCLUSION These recommendations provide guidance regarding the evaluation and management of patients with GCA and TAK, including diagnostic strategies, use of pharmacologic agents, and surgical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Maz
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter C Grayson
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Susan Kim
- University of California, San Francisco
| | | | | | - Philip Seo
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | | | | | | | - Ann Warner
- Saint Luke's Health System, Kansas City, Missouri
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amy S Turner
- American College of Rheumatology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Reem A Mustafa
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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23
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Sener S, Basaran O, Ozen S. Wind of Change in the Treatment of Childhood-Onset Takayasu Arteritis: a Systematic Review. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2021; 23:68. [PMID: 34218346 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-021-01032-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We lack evidence-based data for the treatment of childhood-onset Takayasu arteritis (c-TA) since it is a rare disease in children. In this systematic literature review, we aimed to evaluate the treatment choices in c-TA patients and integrate our experience for the treatment of our patients in the recent years/in the biologic era. RECENT FINDINGS We reviewed 24 articles addressing treatments of 413 c-TA patients. Steroids were given to 352 patients (85.2%) as the main immunosuppressive therapy. Other immunosuppressive agents included methotrexate (37.3%), cyclophosphamide (24.5%), azathioprine (16.9%), and mycophenolate mofetil (7.9%). Besides, various biological agents were used, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors in 70 of 107 c-TA patients (65.4%) and interleukin-6 inhibitors in 33 of them (30.8%). Biologics are increasingly used in our center as well. Even in severe patients, CYC is switched to either anti-TNF or antiIL6 once disease control is achieved. Recently, in addition to conventional immunosuppressants, biologics are increasingly used in c-TA. We have revised our treatment protocol to start with 1-3 doses of high-dose steroids and CYC, in a child with TA with types III-V involvement and high acute phase reactants; once clinical features subside and CRP normalizes, biologics should be started to replace CYC while decreasing the steroid dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seher Sener
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozge Basaran
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seza Ozen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
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24
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Kittivisuit S, Lerkvaleekul B, Soponkanaporn S, Ngamjanyaporn P, Vilaiyuk S. Assessment of transition readiness in adolescents in Thailand with rheumatic diseases: a cross-sectional study. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2021; 19:101. [PMID: 34193176 PMCID: PMC8243449 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-021-00602-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most childhood-onset rheumatic diseases are chronic health conditions, which need long-term care throughout adulthood. A well-organized transition care is challenging and patient assessment of transition skills is needed for transfer preparation to an adult care setting. The Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ) is used to assess transition skills in chronically ill patients. Currently, limited transition skill assessment data exist in pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases, especially in Asian countries. This study aimed to determine the transition readiness skills in patients with rheumatic diseases and ascertain predictive factors contributing to high transition readiness skills. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. All patients with rheumatic diseases aged 15-20 years were recruited. The TRAQ was cross-culturally adapted into the Thai language with good internal consistency and reliability. Patients completed the Thai TRAQ at the recent clinic visit and took the retest at a 2-week interval. Demographic data, baseline characteristics, clinical manifestations, and disease status were collected. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS A total of 111 patients with a mean age of 17.4 ± 1.8 years were included. Median (IQR) disease duration was 6.4 (3.2-9.0) years. The most common rheumatic disease was juvenile idiopathic arthritis (48.6%), followed by systemic lupus erythematosus (35.1%). The mean TRAQ score was 3.85 ± 0.69. Independent visits (OR 4.35, 95% CI 1.23-15.37) was a predictor of a high TRAQ score. Furthermore, dependent visits (OR 7.84, 95% CI 2.41-25.50) was a predictor of low TRAQ score in the "appointment keeping" domain, whereas inactive disease (OR 4.54, 95% CI 1.25-16.55) was a predictor of a low TRAQ score in "tracking health issues" domain. Lack of knowledge and skills on health insurance coverage, financial management, appointment arrangement, and coping with their illness were issues causing lower TRAQ score. CONCLUSIONS Patients, who had independent visits, had a higher chance to obtain higher TRAQ scores, whereas patients, who had an inactive disease or dependent visits, had less transition readiness skills. Physicians and parents should prepare to transfer patients to adult care settings, mainly encouraging independent living skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirinthip Kittivisuit
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, 10400 Bangkok, Thailand ,grid.7130.50000 0004 0470 1162Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Butsabong Lerkvaleekul
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, 10400 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirisucha Soponkanaporn
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, 10400 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pintip Ngamjanyaporn
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Soamarat Vilaiyuk
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, 10400, Bangkok, Thailand.
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25
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Clemente G, Pereira RMR, Aikawa N, Silva CA, Campos LMA, Alves G, Buchpiguel C, Lima M, Carneiro C, Filho HL, Morbeck F, Neto G, Filho VO, Souza AWD, Teresa Terreri M. IS PET/MRI A RELIABLE TOOL FOR DETECTING VASCULAR ACTIVITY IN TREATED CHILDHOOD-ONSET TAKAYASU'S ARTERITIS (C-TA)? A MULTICENTER STUDY. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:554-562. [PMID: 33718967 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess whether 18F-fluordeoxiglucose-positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (18F-FDG-PET/MRI) with angiographic sequences can contribute to detecting vessel wall inflammation in patients with childhood-onset Takayasu's arteritis (c-TA) under immunosuppressive therapy. METHODS Three-centre cross-sectional study was conducted. 18F-FDG-PET/MRI scans were performed in c-TA patients and in oncologic patients, who served as the control group. Clinical and laboratorial characteristics were also analysed. RESULTS Seventeen c-TA patients (65% females) between the ages of 6 and 21 years, mean disease duration of 9.4 years were recruited. Only one patient presented clinical disease activity, and six (35.6%) had increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and/or C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The most frequent magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) findings were stenosis and thickening, observed in 82.4% and 70.6% of c-TA patients, respectively. 18F-FDG-PET revealed 18F-FDG uptake higher than the liver in at least one arterial segment in 15 (88.2%) patients in a qualitative analysis and median standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of 3.22 (2.76-3.69) in a semi-quantitative analysis. c-TA patients presented significantly higher SUVmax than oncologic patients (p < 0.001). A positive correlation between SUVmax and CRP levels (Rho=0.528; p=0.029) was evidenced. CONCLUSION A state-of-the-art imaging modality was used in c-TA patients and revealed a strong arterial FDG uptake even in patients in apparent remission. We suppose that this finding may represent a silent activity in the vessel wall; however, we cannot exclude the possibility of arterial remodelling. Importantly, a negative imaging scan may help in immunosuppression withdrawal in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleice Clemente
- Paediatric Rheumatology Unit, Paediatrics Department, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosa M R Pereira
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nadia Aikawa
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clovis A Silva
- Children's Institute, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucia M A Campos
- Children's Institute, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Alves
- Medical Student, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Buchpiguel
- Nuclear Medicine LIM-43, Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Lima
- Nuclear Medicine LIM-43, Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Carneiro
- Nuclear Medicine LIM-43, Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hilton L Filho
- Radiology Institute, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Morbeck
- Radiology Institute, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Neto
- Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging Department, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vicente O Filho
- Children's Institute, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre W D Souza
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Terreri
- Paediatric Rheumatology Unit, Paediatrics Department, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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26
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Dua AB, Kalot MA, Husainat NM, Byram K, Springer JM, James KE, Chang Lin Y, Turgunbaev M, Villa-Forte A, Abril A, Langford C, Maz M, Chung SA, Mustafa RA. Takayasu Arteritis: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Test Accuracy and Benefits and Harms of Common Treatments. ACR Open Rheumatol 2021; 3:80-90. [PMID: 33512784 PMCID: PMC7882531 DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Takayasu’s arteritis (TAK) is a granulomatous large‐vessel vasculitis primarily affecting the aorta and its proximal branches. TAK can be a difficult disease to diagnose and manage given the rarity of the disease as well as current limitations in biomarkers, imperfect imaging modalities, and few randomized controlled trials. Methods In developing the American College of Rheumatology/Vasculitis Foundation guideline for the management of TAK, we performed an extensive systematic literature review to guide our recommendations. We included RCTs first. When RCTs were not available, we included observational studies that reported on patient‐important outcomes for the intervention and comparison. When studies with comparative data were not available, we included case series that present patient‐important outcomes for either the intervention or the comparison. Results Three hundred forty‐seven articles were included for full review to answer 27 population, intervention, comparison, and outcome questions related to TAK. Ten studies were evaluated that addressed the use of glucocorticoids (GCs), non‐GC nonbiologic therapies, as well as biologics in treating TAK. A total of 33 studies, including 8 comparative studies, were included to determine the test accuracy of commonly available diagnostic tests for TAK. Conclusion This comprehensive systematic review synthesizes and evaluates the benefits and harms of different treatment options and the accuracy of commonly used tests for the management of TAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha B Dua
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | - Kevin Byram
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mehrdad Maz
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
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27
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Childhood-onset versus adult-onset Takayasu arteritis: A study of 141 patients from Turkey. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2020; 51:192-197. [PMID: 33383295 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare childhood-onset (c-TAK) versus adult-onset Takayasu arteritis (a-TAK) patients for vascular involvement, disease activity, damage, and treatment. METHODS Patient charts from two tertiary-care centers of a pediatric and adult rheumatology clinic were reviewed. Adult patients diagnosed before the age of 18 years were included in the childhood-onset group. The activity was assessed with the physician's global assessment (PGA) and Indian Takayasu Clinical Activity Score (ITAS). The damage was evaluated with Takayasu Arteritis Damage Score (TADS) and Vasculitis Damage Index (VDI). RESULTS Twenty-four c-TAK (follow-up duration: 53 months) and 117 a-TAK patients (follow-up duration: 68 months) were analyzed. Aorta involvement was more prevalent (79% vs. 33%), and the median PGA score was higher in the c-TAK group (9 vs. 7), whereas the mean Indian Takayasu Arteritis Score was similar (14 vs. 13) among both groups. Median VDI score was lower for c-TAK patients (4 vs. 5), whereas TADS was similar for children and adults (8 vs. 8). Higher incidence of glucocorticoid related side-effects, a longer time to diagnosis and upper extremity claudication seemed to account for higher VDI scores in adults. CONCLUSION Aorta involvement was more common among children with TAK, whereas upper extremities were relatively spared. Biologic agents were used more commonly among children which may be explained by higher rates of aortic involvement. However, c-TAK patients did not have greater cumulative damage.
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28
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Das SK, Dahal A, Shrestha N, Tnawanasu S, Sharma S. Takayasu's Arteritis with Subcutaneous Nodules in a 4-year -old Child: A Case Report. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2020; 58:930-933. [PMID: 34506410 PMCID: PMC7775015 DOI: 10.31729/jnma.5387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A 4-year-old girl who presented with pain in the abdomen, subcutaneous nodule, fever and was later diagnosed with Takayasu arteritis . Oral corticosteroid and methotrexate were started. Childhood TA should be kept in differential diagnosis when presented with subcutaneous nodules and increased acute phase reactants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aakrit Dahal
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit-Nepal, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Nikhil Shrestha
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit-Nepal, Lalitpur, Nepal
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29
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Koster MJ, Warrington KJ, Matteson EL. Morbidity and Mortality of Large-Vessel Vasculitides. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2020; 22:86. [DOI: 10.1007/s11926-020-00963-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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30
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Berens DP, Huh HS, Mazur LJ. Weight Loss, Fever, Cough, and Night Sweats in an 11-year-old Girl. Pediatr Rev 2020; 41:S67-S70. [PMID: 33004587 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2018-0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donovan P Berens
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, Southwestern Dallas, TX
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31
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KiŞla Ekİncİ RM, Balci S, PİŞkİn FC, Varan C, Erdem S, Yilmaz M. Pre-Pulseless Takayasu Arteritis in a Child Represented With Prolonged Fever of Unknown Origin and Successful Management With Concomitant Mycophenolate Mofetil and Infliximab. Arch Rheumatol 2020; 35:278-282. [PMID: 32851379 DOI: 10.46497/archrheumatol.2020.7599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Takayasu arteritis (TA) is classified as a large vessel vasculitis of predominantly aorta and its main branches, resulting in fibrosis and stenosis. Only a minority of TA patients are diagnosed in pre-stenosis phase when constitutional symptoms including fever, arthralgia, weight loss, headache, abdominal pain, and elevated acute phase reactants are dominant insidious characteristics. In this article, we present a 12-year-old female patient, who was referred to our department with a one-year history of low-grade fever, fatigue, and myalgia. Physical examination did not reveal pulse and blood pressure discrepancies between any extremities. Acute phase reactants were markedly elevated, and autoantibodies were negative. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) findings have confirmed TA diagnosis with prominent vessel wall thickening in the ascendant and abdominal aorta, focal ectasias and a thoracoabdominal fusiform aneurysm. As methotrexate and methylprednisolone treatment during three months was unsuccessful, infliximab was induced. During the next 12 months, patient had clinical improvement, but worsening of MRA findings and new onset of carotidynia forced us to switch methotrexate to mycophenolate mofetil. Six months later, laboratory and radiological remission were achieved. In conclusion, we report a challenge to diagnose pre-pulseless childhood-TA (c-TA) in the state of prolonged fever with no signs of vascular stenosis, systemic hypertension, pulses and blood pressure discrepancies, bruits and claudication. Therefore, we wish to discourse the importance of early diagnosis of TA since, to our knowledge, there are no studies investigating treatment success only in the early phases of c-TA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sibel Balci
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ferhat Can PİŞkİn
- Department of Radiology, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Celal Varan
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Sevcan Erdem
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yilmaz
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
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32
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Opoka-Winiarska V, Tomaszek MB, Sobiesiak A, Rybkowska A, Lejman M, Jaszczuk LI, Woźniak MM, Zielonka-Lamparska E, Chrapko B. The importance of FDG PET/CT in the diagnostic process of the middle aortic syndrome in a 15-year-old boy patient with suspected systemic vasculitis and final diagnosis of Williams-Beuren syndrome. Rheumatol Int 2020; 40:1309-1316. [PMID: 32239321 PMCID: PMC7316673 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-020-04550-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The differential diagnosis in children with the systemic vasculopathy is still a challenge for clinicians. The progress in vascular imaging and the latest recommendations improve the diagnostic process, but only single reports describe the use of new imaging tests in children. The publication aims to demonstrate the important role of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography combined with anatomical computed tomography angiography (PET/CTA) imaging in the case of a 15-year-old boy with chest pain, intermittent claudication, hypertension and features of middle aortic syndrome in computed tomography angiography (CTA). The patient was suspected to have Takayasu arteritis, but was finally diagnosed with Williams–Beuren syndrome. The case indicates that the FDG PET/CT imaging might be essential in the diagnostic process of middle aortic syndrome in children. We suggest that this imaging technique should be considered in the diagnostic process of systemic vasculopathy particularly in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violetta Opoka-Winiarska
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Rheumatology, Medical University of Lublin, Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Maria Barbara Tomaszek
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Rheumatology, Medical University of Lublin, Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Sobiesiak
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Rheumatology, Medical University of Lublin, Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Rybkowska
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Rheumatology, Medical University of Lublin, Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Lejman
- Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - lIona Jaszczuk
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | | | - Beata Chrapko
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Aeschlimann FA, Twilt M, Yeung RSM. Childhood-onset Takayasu Arteritis. Eur J Rheumatol 2020; 7:S58-S66. [PMID: 35929861 PMCID: PMC7004266 DOI: 10.5152/eurjrheum.2019.19195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood-onset Takayasu Arteritis (cTAK) is a rare, large-vessel type of vasculitis seen in children, mainly affecting the aorta and its major branches. Clinical manifestations are often severe and arise as a result of systemic and local inflammation, along with end-organ ischemia. Disease flares are common and the disease burden is high, with a significant rate of morbidity and mortality. Recent advances in understanding the underlying disease pathobiology resulted in the use of pathway-targeting agents, such as TNF- or IL-6 inhibitors with improved disease control. Nonetheless, the prognosis often remains guarded and the accrued damage is significant. This review aims at summarizing the recent evidence and observations regarding this condition, with a focus on pediatric publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence A Aeschlimann
- Paediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Paris, France; Division of Paediatrics, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Marinka Twilt
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Paediatric, Alberta Children's Hospital, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Alberta, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rae S M Yeung
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Asano T, Sato S, Temmoku J, Fujita Y, Furuya MY, Matsuoka N, Kobayashi H, Suzuki E, Watanabe H, Migita K. Effectiveness of Tocilizumab in juvenile patients with refractory Takayasu arteritis: Two case reports. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18890. [PMID: 31977898 PMCID: PMC7004659 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a systemic large-vessel vasculitis which can be accompanied by the symptoms associated with vascular stenosis. PATIENT CONCERNS We describe 2 female juveniles with TA who presented with progressive intermittent claudication. DIAGNOSIS Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed the stenosis of femoral arteries and increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), and serum amyloid A (SAA) were noted in both patients. According to European league against rheumatism consensus criteria for the diagnosis of TA was confirmed in both patients. INTERVENTIONS Both patients had shown resistance to glucocorticoids and treated with tocilizumab (TCZ) (subcutaneous injections, 162 mg/week). OUTCOMES These treatments improved claudication symptoms. Follow-up imaging by enhanced CT revealed restoration of advanced stenosis of the femoral arteries in both patients. They achieved normalization of levels of the acute-phase reactants CRP and SAA. Serum levels of interleukin-6 were increased transiently after TCZ injection, but declined to within normal ranges at 12 weeks. LESSONS Juvenile patients with TA presenting with advanced stenosis of the femoral arteries are not rare. The clinical courses of our patients suggested the beneficial effects of TCZ against the progressive vascular stenosis observed in refractory TA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Asano
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima
| | - Shuzo Sato
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima
| | - Jumpei Temmoku
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima
| | - Yuya Fujita
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima
| | - Makiko Yashiro Furuya
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima
| | - Naoki Matsuoka
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima
| | - Hiroko Kobayashi
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima
| | - Eiji Suzuki
- Department of Rheumatology, Ohta Nishinouchi General Hospital, Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima
| | - Kiyoshi Migita
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima
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Batu ED, Ozen S. Measuring Vasculitis with Numbers: Outcome Scores. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2019; 16:21-28. [PMID: 31804163 DOI: 10.2174/1573397115666191126093927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Primary Systemic Vasculitides (PSV) are a heterogeneous group of diseases. Outcome scores are important to evaluate vasculitis patients in a more structured and standard way and these help physicians to predict patients with poor prognosis or high risk of relapse. Furthermore, we need reliable outcome measures for clinical trials. There are a number of vasculitis outcome scores available in the clinical practice with different strengths and limitations. These are mainly measures of disease activity, disease damage, response to treatment and quality of life. Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS) and its pediatric version aim to evaluate a wide scope of PSV. On the other hand, some outcome studies have focused on a single vasculitis type since the whole group includes different diseases with heterogeneous clinical features. The aim of this review is to provide an overview on outcome measures currently being used in the evaluation of patients with PSV. We mainly focus on immunoglobulin A vasculitis/Henochschönlein purpura, Kawasaki disease, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis, polyarteritis nodosa, Takayasu arteritis and Behçet's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Deniz Batu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seza Ozen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Cubiles Arillo Z, Núñez Cuadros E, Martínez Rivera V, González Gómez JM, Cuenca Peiró V. Takayasu arteritis of atypical presentation. Tocilizumab as an alternative therapeutic option. ANALES DE PEDIATRÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Cubiles Arillo Z, Núñez Cuadros E, Martínez Rivera V, González Gómez JM, Cuenca Peiró V. Arteritis de Takayasu de presentación atípica. Tocilizumab como alternativa terapéutica. An Pediatr (Barc) 2019; 91:411-413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Childhood- Versus Adult-Onset Primary Vasculitides: Are They Part of the Same Clinical Spectrum? Curr Rheumatol Rep 2019; 21:51. [PMID: 31468248 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-019-0851-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Most of the primary vasculitis in children and adults has different clinical manifestations for the same disease, which suggests that they might not be part of the same clinical spectrum and requires a different approach in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality of these patients. In this work, we review the most recent literature and the most important studies that describe and compare adult and children primary vasculitides pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and treatment approach. Accordingly, we discuss recent research involving clinical trials, comparison studies, and pathogeny for these vasculitides. RECENT FINDINGS Clinical manifestations in the different primary vasculitis change in predominance from adults to children. There is a female sex predominance for the ANCA vasculitides in children compared with adults, but the same treatment works in most cases for both groups. Identifying the diverse clinical spectrum in both adults and children primary vasculitides will reduce the need to extrapolate the diagnostic criteria from one group to another and individualize it, which will allow the clinician to establish a better approach.
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Reply. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019; 71:836-838. [DOI: 10.1002/art.40824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Fan L, Zhang H, Cai J, Yang L, Liu B, Wei D, Yu J, Fan J, Song L, Ma W, Zhou X, Wu H, Lou Y. Clinical course and prognostic factors of childhood Takayasu's arteritis: over 15-year comprehensive analysis of 101 patients. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:31. [PMID: 30670069 PMCID: PMC6341556 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1790-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood Takayasu's arteritis (c-TA) is scarcely reported but is characterized by devastating morbidity and mortality. This study aims to investigate the clinical course of c-TA and prognostic factors associated with rehospitalization and events including vascular complications, flares, and death. METHODS An ambispective study of 101 c-TA patients satisfying the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and/or the European League against Rheumatism (EULAR)/Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization (PRINTO)/Pediatric Rheumatology European Society (PReS) criteria was conducted from January 2002 to December 2017. Data on demographic, clinical, laboratory, imaging, and therapeutic features were collected. Event-free survival, complication-free survival, flare-free survival, rehospitalization-free survival, and associated prognostic factors were assessed by Kaplan-Meier survival curve and propensity score analysis. RESULTS The median age at c-TA onset was 14 (interquartile range (IQR) 12-16) years and 76.2% were female. Hypertension (70.3%), blood pressure discrepancy (55.4%), bruits (51.5%), and pulse deficits (37.6%) were core presentations. Major vascular involvement included the renal artery (62.4%), abdominal aorta (42.6%), subclavian artery (43.6%), and carotid artery (42.6%). Glucocorticoids (78.2%), antihypertensive drugs (72.3%), antiplatelet agents (72.3%), and revascularization (57.4%) were made up the majority administered. At a median 2.4 (IQR 0.7-6.1) years of follow-up, events, rehospitalization, vascular complications, flares and death were observed in 44.6%, 37.6%, 44.6%, 26.7%, and 3%, respectively. The 5-year event-free survival, rehospitalization-free survival, vascular complication-free survival, and flare-free survival were 42.8%, 55.8%, 45.9%, and 62.3%, respectively. Body mass index (BMI) (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30-0.81, p = 0.005), stroke (HR = 7.37, 95% CI 2.35-23.1, p = 0.001), and revascularization (HR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.27-0.94, p = 0.032) were independent prognostic predictors of events. Predictors for rehospitalization include age at admission (HR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.69-0.94, p = 0.006), renal artery involvement (HR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.25-0.96, p = 0.037), and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP; HR = 2.50, 95% CI 1.24-5.00, p = 0.01). BMI level (p = 0.024) and renal artery involvement (p = 0.015) were also associated with vascular complications, while revascularization (p = 0.002) independently correlated with re-flares. CONCLUSIONS This large ambispective study of c-TA revealed an early 3% mortality at the first year and around 50% morbidity within 5 years after diagnosis. Hypertension, renal artery involvement, and revascularization based on anti-inflammation, antihypertension, and antiplatelet medications dominated c-TA with indications for optimistic prognosis. Patients with initial lower BMI level, a younger age at admission, stroke, and elevated CRP have a high risk of poor outcomes, requiring close c-TA monitoring and more aggressive management. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03199183 , unique protocol ID: 2016-ZX43. June 26, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Lirui Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiachen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xianliang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haiying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Sahin S, Hopurcuoglu D, Bektas S, Belhan E, Adrovic A, Barut K, Canpolat N, Caliskan S, Sever L, Kasapcopur O. Childhood-onset Takayasu arteritis: A 15-year experience from a tertiary referral center. Int J Rheum Dis 2018; 22:132-139. [PMID: 30397997 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM To describe clinical manifestations, angiographic findings, treatment, activity and damage of our Takayasu arteritis patients. METHOD The patients who met European League Against Rheumatism/Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation/Paediatric Rheumatology European Society classification criteria for childhood-onset Takayasu arteritis were reviewed in a retrospective longitudinal manner from 2002 to 2017. Extent of the disease was assessed by Disease Extent Index for Takayasu Arteritis (DEI.Tak), activity by Pediatric Vasculitis Activity Score and Indian Takayasu's Arteritis Activity Score (ITAS 2010) and damage by Pediatric Vasculitis Damage Index and Takayasu Arteritis Damage Score (TADS). RESULTS Sixteen subjects (75% female) with a median disease duration of 3.1 years were enrolled in this study. While the median age at disease onset was 12.1 years, there was only a 2.5 months diagnostic delay. Treatment regime included corticosteroids (100%), which were combined with azathioprine or methotrexate in 93.8% and 37.5% of the subjects, respectively. Severe and refractory cases were treated with cyclophosphamide (62.5%) and subsequently with tocilizumab (37.5%). Seven patients (43.8%) required either percutaneous endovascular intervention or bypass for severe disease refractory to medications. The correlation of the activity and damage scores with each other was fairly good. Damage was found to be associated only with high disease activity and extensive disease at disease onset, but not with other parameters. CONCLUSION Despite high usage rates of aggressive immunosuppressive therapy and biologic agents, almost half of the patients underwent interventional procedures. When medications failed, endovascular and surgical interventions were of great importance to avoid end-organ ischemia. The performance of the new activity (DEI.Tak and ITAS2010) and damage indices (TADS) seems satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezgin Sahin
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Duhan Hopurcuoglu
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sule Bektas
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Belhan
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amra Adrovic
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kenan Barut
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nur Canpolat
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Salim Caliskan
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lale Sever
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Kasapcopur
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Barra L, Yang G, Pagnoux C. Non-glucocorticoid drugs for the treatment of Takayasu's arteritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev 2018; 17:683-693. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Sukharomana M, Viravan S, Piyaphanee N, Charuvanij S. Takayasu arteritis with an initial presentation of chronic monoarthritis mimicking oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Pediatr Rep 2018; 10:7648. [PMID: 30069294 PMCID: PMC6050474 DOI: 10.4081/pr.2018.7648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA) generally present with non-specific symptoms that, if unrecognized and untreated, may develop vessel stenosis and/or aneurysm. There is limited data regarding chronic monoarthritis as the initial presentation in children with TA. We report a 6-yearold girl diagnosed and treated as oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). She later developed stroke with malignant hypertension and was definitively diagnosed with TA. She additionally developed proteinuria secondary to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. This is the report of a patient with chronic monoarthritis mimicking oligoarticular JIA which chronic monoarthritis was the presentation of TA. Since JIA is a diagnosis of exclusion, any atypical features of oligoarticular JIA should illuminate the possibility of an alternative diagnosis. Our literature review focused on musculoskeletal presentations of children with TA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nuntawan Piyaphanee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Abstract
Takayasu arteritis is an idiopathic granulomatous vasculitis of the aorta and its main branches and it constitutes one of the more common vasculitides in children. Inflammation and intimal proliferation lead to wall thickening, stenotic or occlusive lesions, and thrombosis, while destruction of the elastica and muscularis layers originates aneurysms and dissection. Carotid artery tenderness, claudication, ocular disturbances, central nervous system abnormalities, and weakening of pulses are the most frequent clinical features. The diagnosis is usually confirmed by the observation of large vessel wall abnormalities: stenosis, aneurysms, occlusion, and evidence of increased collateral circulation in angiography, MRA or CTA imaging. The purpose of this revision is to address the current knowledge on pathogenesis, investigations, classification, outcome measures and management, and to emphasize the need for timely diagnosis, effective therapeutic intervention, and close monitoring of this severe condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A G Russo
- Service of Immunology & Rheumatology, Hospital de Pediatría "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María M Katsicas
- Service of Immunology & Rheumatology, Hospital de Pediatría "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan", Buenos Aires, Argentina
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