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Melki R, Melloul M, Aissaoui S, El Harroudi T, Boukhatem N. Increased prevalence of the founder BRCA1 c.5309G>T and recurrent BRCA2 c.1310_1313delAAGA mutations in breast cancer families from Northerstern region of Morocco: evidence of geographical specificity and high relevance for genetic counseling. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:339. [PMID: 37055759 PMCID: PMC10099884 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10822-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inherited mutations in the breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) confer high risks of breast and ovarian cancer. Because the contribution of BRCA1/2 germline mutations to BC in the Northeastern population of Morocco remains largely unknown, we conducted this first study to evaluate the prevalence and the phenotypic spectrum of two BRCA1/2 pathogenic mutations (the founder BRCA1 c.5309G>T and BRCA2 c.1310_1313delAAGA). This choice was also argued by the presence of an apparent specific geographical connection of these mutations and the Northeastern region of Morocco. METHODS Screening for the germline mutations c.5309G>T and BRCA2 c.1310_1313delAAGA was performed by sequencing on a total of 184 breast cancer (BC) patients originated from the Northeastern region of Morocco. The likelihood of identifying a BRCA mutation is calculated using the Eisinger scoring model. The clinical and pathologic features were compared between the BRCA-positive and BRCA-negative groups of patients. Difference in survival outcomes was compared between mutation carriers and non-carriers. RESULTS BRCA1 c.5309G>T and BRCA2 c.1310_1313delAAGA are responsible for a significant proportion of all BC cases (12.5%) and at least 20% of familial BC. The screening of BRCA1/2 genes by NGS sequencing confirmed that there are no additional mutations detected among positive patients. The clinicopathological features in positive patients were in accordance with typical characteristics of BRCA pathogenic mutations. The mean features in the carriers were the early onset of the disease, familial history, triple negative status (for BRCA1 c.5309G>T) and worse prognosis in terms of overall surviving. Our study indicates that the Eisinger scoring model could be recommended to identify patients for referral to BRCA1/2 oncogenetic counseling. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that BRCA1 c.5309G>T and BRCA2 c.1310_1313delAAGA mutations may have a strong founder and/or recurrent effect on breast cancer among the Northeastern Moroccan population. There contribution to breast cancer incidence is certainly substantial in this subgroup. Therefore, we believe that BRCA1 c.5309G>T and BRCA2 c.1310_1313delAAGA mutations have to be included in the array of tests aimed at revealing cancer syndrome carriers among subjects of Moroccan origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Melki
- Genetics and Immune-Cell Therapy Unit, LBBES Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Marouane Melloul
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Unit, PMBBE Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Tijani El Harroudi
- Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed Premier , Oujda, Morocco
| | - Noureddine Boukhatem
- Genetics and Immune-Cell Therapy Unit, LBBES Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco
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Elalaoui SC, Laarabi FZ, Afif L, Lyahyai J, Ratbi I, Jaouad IC, Doubaj Y, Sahli M, Ouhenach M, Sefiani A. Mutational spectrum of BRCA1/2 genes in Moroccan patients with hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer, and review of BRCA mutations in the MENA region. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 194:187-198. [PMID: 35578052 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06622-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer (BC) is the most common form of female cancer around the world. BC is mostly sporadic, and rarely hereditary. These hereditary forms are mostly BRCA1- and BRCA2-associated hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome. BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are large and had some recurrent mutations specific to some populations. Through this work we analyze the most recurrent mutations in Moroccan population and compared them to a large review of other BRCA1/2 spectrum mutations in the MENA region. METHODS We report in this work a series of 163 unrelated patients (the largest series of Moroccan patients) with familial breast and/or ovarian cancer, selected among patients referred to our oncogenetic outpatient clinic, from 2006 to 2021. To identify genetic variants in these two genes, different genetic analysis strategies have been carried out, using Sanger Sequencing DNA or Target Panel Sequencing. RESULTS Pathogenic variants were identified in 27.6% of patients. The most frequent mutation identified in our patients was the c.1310_1313delAAGA, BRCA2 (33%), and three other mutations seem more frequent in the Moroccan population (33%) of all reported patients: c.798_799delTT, BRCA1; and c.3279delC, BRCA1; and c.7234_7235insG in BRCA2 gene. CONCLUSION Through this work, we emphasize the importance of screening for BRCA1 and BRCA2 recurrent mutations in Moroccan patients. Other MENA (MENA: English-language acronym referring to the Middle East and North Africa region) countries had also some recurrent BRCA mutations, which will allow a fast and unexpensive first line genetic analysis and a precise molecular diagnosis. This will allow an adapted follow-up of the patients and a pre-symptomatic diagnosis of their relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siham Chafai Elalaoui
- Génomique et Epidémiologie Moléculaire des Maladies Génétiques (G2MG), Centre GENOPATH, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco. .,Département de Génétique Médicale, Institut National d'Hygiène, 27 Avenue Ibn Batouta, B.P 769, 11400, Rabat, Morocco.
| | | | - Lamiae Afif
- Génomique et Epidémiologie Moléculaire des Maladies Génétiques (G2MG), Centre GENOPATH, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.,Département de Génétique Médicale, Institut National d'Hygiène, 27 Avenue Ibn Batouta, B.P 769, 11400, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Jaber Lyahyai
- Génomique et Epidémiologie Moléculaire des Maladies Génétiques (G2MG), Centre GENOPATH, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.,Département de Génétique Médicale, Institut National d'Hygiène, 27 Avenue Ibn Batouta, B.P 769, 11400, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ilham Ratbi
- Génomique et Epidémiologie Moléculaire des Maladies Génétiques (G2MG), Centre GENOPATH, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.,Département de Génétique Médicale, Institut National d'Hygiène, 27 Avenue Ibn Batouta, B.P 769, 11400, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Imane Cherkaoui Jaouad
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Institut National d'Hygiène, 27 Avenue Ibn Batouta, B.P 769, 11400, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Yassamine Doubaj
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Institut National d'Hygiène, 27 Avenue Ibn Batouta, B.P 769, 11400, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Meryem Sahli
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Institut National d'Hygiène, 27 Avenue Ibn Batouta, B.P 769, 11400, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mouna Ouhenach
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Institut National d'Hygiène, 27 Avenue Ibn Batouta, B.P 769, 11400, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelaziz Sefiani
- Génomique et Epidémiologie Moléculaire des Maladies Génétiques (G2MG), Centre GENOPATH, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.,Département de Génétique Médicale, Institut National d'Hygiène, 27 Avenue Ibn Batouta, B.P 769, 11400, Rabat, Morocco
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Van der Merwe NC, Combrink HM, Ntaita KS, Oosthuizen J. Prevalence of Clinically Relevant Germline BRCA Variants in a Large Unselected South African Breast and Ovarian Cancer Cohort: A Public Sector Experience. Front Genet 2022; 13:834265. [PMID: 35464868 PMCID: PMC9024354 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.834265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a multifaceted disease that currently represents a leading cause of death in women worldwide. Over the past two decades (1998–2020), the National Health Laboratory Service’s Human Genetics Laboratory in central South Africa screened more than 2,974 breast and/or ovarian cancer patients for abnormalities characteristic of the widely known familial breast cancer genes, Breast Cancer gene 1 (BRCA1) and Breast Cancer gene 2 (BRCA2). Patients were stratified according to the presence of family history, age at onset, stage of the disease, ethnicity and mutation status relative to BRCA1/2. Collectively, 481 actionable (likely-to pathogenic) variants were detected in this cohort among the different ethnic/racial groups. A combination of old (pre-2014) and new (post-2014) laboratory techniques was used to identify these variants. Additionally, targeted genotyping was performed as translational research revealed the first three recurrent South African pathogenic variants, namely BRCA1 c.1374del (legacy name 1493delC), BRCA1 c.2641G>T (legacy name E881X) and BRCA2 c.7934del (legacy name 8162delG). This initial flagship study resulted in a cost-effective diagnostic test that enabled screening of a particular ethnic group for these variants. Since then, various non-Afrikaner frequent variants were identified that were proven to represent recurrent variants. These include BRCA2 c.5771_5774del (legacy name 5999del4) and BRCA2 c.582G>A, both Black African founder mutations. By performing innovative translational research, medical science in South Africa can adopt first-world technologies into its healthcare context as a developing country. Over the past two decades, the progress made in the public sector enabled a pivotal shift away from population-directed genetic testing to the screening of potentially all breast and ovarian cancer patients, irrespective of ethnicity, family history or immunohistochemical status. The modifications over the years complied with international standards and guidelines aimed at universal healthcare for all. This article shares all the cohort stratifications and the likely-to pathogenic variants detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerina C. Van der Merwe
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Nerina C. Van der Merwe,
| | - Herkulaas MvE Combrink
- Economic and Management Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Digital Futures, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Kholiwe S. Ntaita
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Jaco Oosthuizen
- Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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ElBiad O, Laraqui A, El Boukhrissi F, Mounjid C, Lamsisi M, Bajjou T, Elannaz H, Lahlou AI, Kouach J, Benchekroune K, Oukabli M, Chahdi H, Ennaji MM, Tanz R, Sbitti Y, Ichou M, Ennibi K, Badaoui B, Sekhsokh Y. Prevalence of specific and recurrent/founder pathogenic variants in BRCA genes in breast and ovarian cancer in North Africa. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:208. [PMID: 35216584 PMCID: PMC8876448 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09181-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elucidation of specific and recurrent/founder pathogenic variants (PVs) in BRCA (BRCA1 and BRCA2) genes can make the genetic testing, for breast cancer (BC) and/or ovarian cancer (OC), affordable for developing nations. Methods To establish the knowledge about BRCA PVs and to determine the prevalence of the specific and recurrent/founder variants in BRCA genes in BC and/or OC women in North Africa, a systematic review was conducted in Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. Results Search of the databases yielded 25 relevant references, including eleven studies in Morocco, five in Algeria, and nine in Tunisia. Overall, 15 studies investigated both BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, four studies examined the entire coding region of the BRCA1 gene, and six studies in which the analysis was limited to a few BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 exons. Overall, 76 PVs (44 in BRCA1 and32 in BRCA2) were identified in 196 BC and/or OC patients (129 BRCA1 and 67 BRCA2 carriers). Eighteen of the 76 (23.7%) PVs [10/44 (22.7%) in BRCA1 and 8/32 (25%) in BRCA2] were reported for the first time and considered to be novel PVs. Among those identified as unlikely to be of North African origin, the BRCA1 c.68_69del and BRCA1 c.5266dupC Jewish founder alleles and PVs that have been reported as recurrent/founder variants in European populations (ex: BRCA1 c.181T>G, BRCA1 c1016dupA). The most well characterized PVs are four in BRCA1 gene [c.211dupA (14.7%), c.798_799detTT (14%), c.5266dup (8.5%), c.5309G>T (7.8%), c.3279delC (4.7%)] and one in BRCA2 [c.1310_1313detAAGA (38.9%)]. The c.211dupA and c.5309G>T PVs were identified as specific founder variants in Tunisia and Morocco, accounting for 35.2% (19/54) and 20.4% (10/49) of total established BRCA1 PVs, respectively. c.798_799delTT variant was identified in 14% (18/129) of all BRCA1 North African carriers, suggesting a founder allele. A broad spectrum of recurrent variants including BRCA1 3279delC, BRCA1 c.5266dup and BRCA2 c.1310_1313detAAGA was detected in 42 patients. BRCA1 founder variants explain around 36.4% (47/129) of BC and outnumber BRCA2 founder variants by a ratio of ≈3:1. Conclusions Testing BC and/or OC patients for the panel of specific and recurrent/founder PVs might be the most cost-effective molecular diagnosis strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oubaida ElBiad
- Laboratoire de Recherche et de Biosécurité P3, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc. .,Unité de séquençage, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre de Virologie, des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc. .,Laboratoire de Biodiversité, Ecologie et Génome, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc.
| | - Abdelilah Laraqui
- Laboratoire de Recherche et de Biosécurité P3, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc.,Unité de séquençage, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre de Virologie, des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc.,Centre de virologie, des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Fatima El Boukhrissi
- Laboratoire de Biochimie-Toxicologie, Hôpital Militaire Moulay Ismail Meknès, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fès, Maroc
| | - Chaimaa Mounjid
- Laboratoire de Recherche et de Biosécurité P3, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Maryame Lamsisi
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Microbiologie, Qualité, Biotechnologies/Ecotoxicologie et Biodiversité, Faculté des sciences et techniques, Mohammadia, Université Hassan II, Casa, Maroc
| | - Tahar Bajjou
- Laboratoire de Recherche et de Biosécurité P3, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Hicham Elannaz
- Unité de séquençage, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre de Virologie, des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc.,Centre de virologie, des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Amine Idriss Lahlou
- Unité de séquençage, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre de Virologie, des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc.,Centre de virologie, des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Jaouad Kouach
- Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Khadija Benchekroune
- Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Mohammed Oukabli
- Laboratoire d'Anatomopathologie, Hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Hafsa Chahdi
- Laboratoire d'Anatomopathologie, Hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Moulay Mustapha Ennaji
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Microbiologie, Qualité, Biotechnologies/Ecotoxicologie et Biodiversité, Faculté des sciences et techniques, Mohammadia, Université Hassan II, Casa, Maroc
| | - Rachid Tanz
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Yassir Sbitti
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Mohammed Ichou
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Khalid Ennibi
- Unité de séquençage, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre de Virologie, des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc.,Centre de virologie, des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Bouabid Badaoui
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité, Ecologie et Génome, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Yassine Sekhsokh
- Laboratoire de Recherche et de Biosécurité P3, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
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Laraqui A, Cavaillé M, Uhrhammer N, ElBiad O, Bidet Y, El Rhaffouli H, El Anaz H, Rahali DM, Kouach J, Guelzim K, Badaoui B, AlBouzidi A, Oukabli M, Tanz R, Sbitti Y, Ichou M, Ennibi K, Sekhsokh Y, Bignon YJ. Identification of a novel pathogenic variant in PALB2 and BARD1 genes by a multigene sequencing panel in triple negative breast cancer in Morocco. J Genomics 2021; 9:43-54. [PMID: 34646395 PMCID: PMC8490085 DOI: 10.7150/jgen.61713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic variants (PVs) in BRCA genes have been mainly associated with an increasing risk of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The contribution of PVs in non-BRCA genes to TNBC seems likely since the processing of homologous recombination repair of double-strand DNA breaks involves several genes. Here, we investigate the susceptibility of genetic variation of the BRCA and non-BRCA genes in 30 early-onset Moroccan women with TNBC. Methods: Targeted capture-based next generation sequencing (NGS) method was performed with a multigene panel testing (MGPT) for variant screening. Panel sequencing was performed with genes involved in hereditary predisposition to cancer and candidate genes whose involvement remains unclear using Illumina MiSeq platform. Interpretation was conducted by following the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics-Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG-AMP) criteria. Results: PVs were identified in 20% (6/30) of patients with TNBC. Of these, 16.7% (5/30) carried a BRCA PV [10% (3/30) in BRCA1, 6.7% (2/30) in BRCA2] and 6.6% (2/30) carried a non-BRCA PV. The identified PVs in BRCA genes (BRCA1 c.798_799delTT, BRCA1 c.3279delC, BRCA2 c.1310_1313del, and BRCA2 c.1658T>G) have been reported before and were classified as pathogenic. The identified founder PVs BRCA1 c.798_799del and BRCA2 c.1310_1313delAAGA represented 10% (3/30). Our MGPT allowed identification of several sequence variations in most investigated genes, among which we found novel truncating variations in PALB2 and BARD1 genes. The PALB2 c.3290dup and BARD1 c.1333G>T variants are classified as pathogenic. We also identified 42 variants of unknown/uncertain significance (VUS) in 70% (21/30) of patients with TNBC, including 50% (21/42) missense variants. The highest VUS rate was observed in ATM (13%, 4/30). Additionally, 35.7% (15/42) variants initially well-known as benign, likely benign or conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity have been reclassified as VUS according to ACMG-AMP. Conclusions: PALB2 and BARD1 along with BRCA genetic screening could be helpful for a larger proportion of early-onset TNBC in Morocco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelilah Laraqui
- Unité de séquençage, Centre de virologie, des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
- Laboratoire de Recherche et de Biosécurité P3, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Mathias Cavaillé
- Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique et Moléculaire, Centre Jean Perrin, 58 rue Montalembert, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nancy Uhrhammer
- Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique et Moléculaire, Centre Jean Perrin, 58 rue Montalembert, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Oubaida ElBiad
- Unité de séquençage, Centre de virologie, des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité, Ecologie et Génome, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Yannick Bidet
- Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique et Moléculaire, Centre Jean Perrin, 58 rue Montalembert, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hicham El Rhaffouli
- Laboratoire de Recherche et de Biosécurité P3, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Hicham El Anaz
- Unité de séquençage, Centre de virologie, des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Driss Moussaoui Rahali
- Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Jaouad Kouach
- Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Khaled Guelzim
- Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Bouabid Badaoui
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité, Ecologie et Génome, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Abderrahman AlBouzidi
- Laboratoire d'Anatomopathologie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat 10000, Maroc
| | - Mohammed Oukabli
- Laboratoire d'Anatomopathologie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat 10000, Maroc
| | - Rachid Tanz
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Yasser Sbitti
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Mohammed Ichou
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Khaled Ennibi
- Unité de séquençage, Centre de virologie, des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpital militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Yassine Sekhsokh
- Laboratoire de Recherche et de Biosécurité P3, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Yves-Jean Bignon
- Laboratoire Diagnostic Génétique et Moléculaire, Centre Jean Perrin, 58 rue Montalembert, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Hamdi Y, Mighri N, Boujemaa M, Mejri N, Ben Nasr S, Ben Rekaya M, Messaoud O, Bouaziz H, Berrazega Y, Rachdi H, Jaidane O, Daoud N, Zribi A, Ayari J, El Benna H, Labidi S, Ben Hassouna J, Haddaoui A, Rahal K, Benna F, Mrad R, Ben Ahmed S, Boussen H, Boubaker S, Abdelhak S. Identification of Eleven Novel BRCA Mutations in Tunisia: Impact on the Clinical Management of BRCA Related Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:674965. [PMID: 34490083 PMCID: PMC8417726 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.674965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the world's most common cancer among women. It is becoming an increasingly urgent problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where a large fraction of women is diagnosed with advanced-stage disease and have no access to treatment or basic palliative care. About 5-10% of all breast cancers can be attributed to hereditary genetic components and up to 25% of familial cases are due to mutations in BRCA1/2 genes. Since their discovery in 1994 and 1995, as few as 18 mutations have been identified in BRCA genes in the Tunisian population. The aim of this study is to identify additional BRCA mutations, to estimate their contribution to the hereditary breast and ovarian cancers in Tunisia and to investigate the clinicopathological signatures associated with BRCA mutations. Methods A total of 354 patients diagnosed with breast and ovarian cancers, including 5 male breast cancer cases, have been investigated for BRCA1/2 mutations using traditional and/or next generation sequencing technologies. Clinicopathological signatures associated with BRCA mutations have also been investigated. Results In the current study, 16 distinct mutations were detected: 10 in BRCA1 and 6 in BRCA2, of which 11 are described for the first time in Tunisia including 3 variations that have not been reported previously in public databases namely BRCA1_c.915T>A; BRCA2_c.-227-?_7805+? and BRCA2_c.249delG. Early age at onset, family history of ovarian cancer and high tumor grade were significantly associated with BRCA status. BRCA1 carriers were more likely to be triple negative breast cancer compared to BRCA2 carriers. A relatively high frequency of contralateral breast cancer and ovarian cancer occurrence was observed among BRCA carriers and was more frequent in patients carrying BRCA1 mutations. Conclusion Our study provides new insights into breast and ovarian cancer genetic landscape in the under-represented North African populations. The prevalence assessment of novel and recurrent BRCA1/2 pathogenic mutations will enhance the use of personalized treatment and precise screening strategies by both affected and unaffected North African cancer cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosr Hamdi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Human and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Najah Mighri
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maroua Boujemaa
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nesrine Mejri
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Ben Nasr
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Military Hospital of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Ben Rekaya
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,UR17ES15, Oncotheranostic Biomarkers, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Messaoud
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hanen Bouaziz
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Surgical Oncology Department, Salah Azaiez Institute of Cancer, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Berrazega
- Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Haifa Rachdi
- Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Jaidane
- Surgical Oncology Department, Salah Azaiez Institute of Cancer, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nouha Daoud
- Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Aref Zribi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Military Hospital of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jihene Ayari
- Department of Medical Oncology, Military Hospital of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Houda El Benna
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Labidi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jamel Ben Hassouna
- Surgical Oncology Department, Salah Azaiez Institute of Cancer, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Khaled Rahal
- Surgical Oncology Department, Salah Azaiez Institute of Cancer, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Farouk Benna
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ridha Mrad
- Department of Human Genetics, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Slim Ben Ahmed
- Faculty of Medicine of Sousse Department of Medical Oncology Farhat Hached University Hospital University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Hamouda Boussen
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Samir Boubaker
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Human and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Abdelhak
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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7
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Hamdi Y, Boujemaa M, Mighri N, Mejri N, Jaidane O, Ben Nasr S, Bouaziz H, Hassouna JB, Zribi A, Berrazaga Y, Rachdi H, Daoud N, El Benna H, Labidi S, Haddaoui A, Rahal K, Benna F, Boussen H, Abdelhak S, Boubaker S. Identification of BRCA2 Cis Double Heterozygous Breast Cancer Cases Using Whole Exome Sequencing: Phenotypic Expression and Impact on Personalized Oncology. Front Genet 2021; 12:674990. [PMID: 34456966 PMCID: PMC8397457 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.674990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 and BRCA2 are the most commonly mutated breast cancer susceptibility genes that convey a high risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Most BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers have inherited a single heterozygous mutation. In recent years, very rare cases with biallelic or trans double heterozygous mutations on BRCA1 and or BRCA2 have been identified and seem to be associated with distinctive phenotypes. Given that this genotype-phenotype correlation in cancer predisposing hereditary conditions is of relevance for oncological prevention and genetic testing, it is important to investigate these rare BRCA genotypes for better clinical management of BRCA mutation carriers. Here we present the first report on Cis double heterozygosity (Cis DH) on BRCA2 gene identified using Whole exome sequencing (WES) in a Tunisian family with two BRCA2 mutations namely: c.632-1G>A and c.1310_1313DelAAGA that are both reported as pathogenic in ClinVar database. Subsequent analysis in 300 high-risk Tunisian breast cancer families detected this Cis double heterozygous genotype in 8 additional individuals belonging to 5 families from the same geographic origin suggesting a founder effect. Moreover, the observed Cis DH seems to be associated with an early age of onset (mean age = 35.33 years) and severe phenotype of the disease with high breast cancer grade and multiple cancer cases in the family. The identification of unusual BRCA genotypes in this Tunisian cohort highlights the importance of performing genetic studies in under-investigated populations. This will also potentially help avoiding erroneous classifications of genetic variants in African population and therefore avoiding clinical misdiagnosis of BRCA related cancers. Our findings will also have an impact on the genetic testing and the clinical management of North African breast cancer patients as well as patients from different other ethnic groups in regard to several emerging target therapies such as PARP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosr Hamdi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Human and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maroua Boujemaa
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Najah Mighri
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nesrine Mejri
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Jaidane
- Surgical Oncology Department, Salah Azaiez Institute of Cancer, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Ben Nasr
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Military Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hanen Bouaziz
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Surgical Oncology Department, Salah Azaiez Institute of Cancer, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jamel Ben Hassouna
- Surgical Oncology Department, Salah Azaiez Institute of Cancer, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Aref Zribi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Military Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yossra Berrazaga
- Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Haifa Rachdi
- Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Nouha Daoud
- Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Houda El Benna
- Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Labidi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | | | - Khaled Rahal
- Surgical Oncology Department, Salah Azaiez Institute of Cancer, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Farouk Benna
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hamouda Boussen
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Abdelhak
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Samir Boubaker
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR20IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Human and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
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8
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El Bairi K, Al Jarroudi O, Afqir S. Tracing ovarian cancer research in Morocco: A bibliometric analysis. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2021; 37:100777. [PMID: 34150972 PMCID: PMC8192560 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2021.100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of ovarian cancer (OC) in low-income countries continues to increase annually. This gynecological cancer, known for its poor survival outcomes, has not attracted much interest in medical research as compared to other women's malignancies such as breast cancer. This bibliometric study was conducted to better depict the global map and the future directions of scientific productivity in the area of OC research in Morocco. METHODS Publication trends on OC were retrospectively analyzed using a number of bibliometric parameters based on the Pubmed database and other resources. RESULTS During the time period (1900-2018), a total number of 74 publications responding to the inclusion criteria were found and incorporated in the bibliometric analysis. This was dominated by case reports and case series on rare ovarian tumors (n = 60). In the core cluster, only 10 original studies and 3 reviews on OC were published by Moroccan researchers. After full-text appraisal for study population, only two clinical original articles included OC patients. The other clinical studies included breast cancer patients only or were suggestive of inherited OC. In addition, 3 preclinical in vitro studies were found during the literature search. The majority of these publications were covered by Pubmed and Web of Science core collection and all published in English language. The H-index of top 10 Moroccan scientists in this area didn't exceed 10. Importantly, research and review articles were frequently published in influential journals. However, the number of publications as compared to other African countries was very low. Moreover, a similar trend in terms of article per each newly diagnosed OC case, GDP per capita and per million was also noticed. For gender distribution, female scientists were first authors in the majority of these papers but less represented as leading last authors. In the complementary cluster of other article types on rare ovarian tumors, 70% of the items were published in French and approximately 60% were indexed on Pubmed. During the last five years, a marked acceleration of publishing this research category with little impact in the evidence-based practice was noticed. CONCLUSIONS This research area in gynecologic oncology seems to be neglected and needs to be prioritized in future research projects in Morocco particularly given the aggressive behavior of this women's cancer and the few available therapeutic options. There is an unmet need for studies on OC in all fields particularly epidemiology, clinic-pathological characteristics, and survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid El Bairi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed Ist University, Oujda, Morocco
- Corresponding author at: Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Ouissam Al Jarroudi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed Ist University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Said Afqir
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed Ist University, Oujda, Morocco
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9
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Ben Ayed-Guerfali D, Ben Kridis-Rejab W, Ammous-Boukhris N, Ayadi W, Charfi S, Khanfir A, Sellami-Boudawara T, Frikha M, Daoud J, Mokdad-Gargouri R. Novel and recurrent BRCA1/BRCA2 germline mutations in patients with breast/ovarian cancer: a series from the south of Tunisia. J Transl Med 2021; 19:108. [PMID: 33726785 PMCID: PMC7962399 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02772-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of breast cancer (BC) and/or ovarian cancer (OC) is increasing in Tunisia especially in young women and mostly those with family history. However, the spectrum of BRCA mutations remains little explored in Tunisian patients in particular in the southern region. Methods We sequenced the entire coding regions of BRCA1and BRCA2 genes using next generation sequencing (NGS) in 134 selected patients with BC and/or OC. Results Among the 134 patients, 19 (14.17%) carried pathogenic mutations (10 are BRCA1 mutation carriers and 9 are BRCA2 mutation carriers) that are mainly frameshift index (76.9%). Interestingly, 5 out of the 13 variants (38.46%) were found at least twice in unrelated patients, as the c.1310-1313 delAAGA in BRCA2 and the c.5030_5033 delCTAA that has been identified in 4/98 BC patients and in 3/15 OC patients from unrelated families with strong history of cancer. Besides recurrent mutations, 6 variant (4 in BRCA1 and 2 in BRCA2) were not reported previously. Furthermore, 3 unrelated patients carried the VUS c.9976A > T, (K3326*) in BRCA2 exon 27. BRCA carriers correlated significantly with tumor site (p = 0.029) and TNBC cases (p = 0.008). In the groups of patients aged between 31 and 40, and 41–50 years, BRCA1 mutations occurred more frequently in patients with OC than those with BC, and conversely BRCA2 carriers are mostly affected with BC (p = 0.001, and p = 0.044 respectively). Conclusions The overall frequency of the BRCA germline mutations was 14.17% in patients with high risk of breast/ovarian cancer. We identified recurrent mutations as the c.1310_1313 delAAGA in BRCA2 gene and the c.5030_5033 delCTAA in BRCA1 gene that were found in 4% and 20% of familial BC and OC respectively. Our data will contribute in the implementation of genetic counseling and testing for families with high-risk of BC and/or OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorra Ben Ayed-Guerfali
- Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sidi Mansour Street Km 6, BP 1177, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Nihel Ammous-Boukhris
- Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sidi Mansour Street Km 6, BP 1177, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Wajdi Ayadi
- Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sidi Mansour Street Km 6, BP 1177, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Slim Charfi
- Department of Anatomo-pathology, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Afef Khanfir
- Department of Oncology, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Mounir Frikha
- Department of Oncology, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jamel Daoud
- Department of Radiotherapy, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Raja Mokdad-Gargouri
- Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sidi Mansour Street Km 6, BP 1177, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Rotimi SO, Rotimi OA, Salhia B. A Review of Cancer Genetics and Genomics Studies in Africa. Front Oncol 2021; 10:606400. [PMID: 33659210 PMCID: PMC7917259 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.606400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally and is projected to overtake infectious disease as the leading cause of mortality in Africa within the next two decades. Cancer is a group of genomic diseases that presents with intra- and inter-population unique phenotypes, with Black populations having the burden of morbidity and mortality for most types. At large, the prevention and treatment of cancers have been propelled by the understanding of the genetic make-up of the disease of mostly non-African populations. By the same token, there is a wide knowledge gap in understanding the underlying genetic causes of, and genomic alterations associated with, cancer among black Africans. Accordingly, we performed a review of the literature to survey existing studies on cancer genetics/genomics and curated findings pertaining to publications across multiple cancer types conducted on African populations. We used PubMed MeSH terms to retrieve the relevant publications from 1990 to December 2019. The metadata of these publications were extracted using R text mining packages: RISmed and Pubmed.mineR. The data showed that only 0.329% of cancer publications globally were on Africa, and only 0.016% were on cancer genetics/genomics from Africa. Although the most prevalent cancers in Africa are cancers of the breast, cervix, uterus, and prostate, publications representing breast, colorectal, liver, and blood cancers were the most frequent in our review. The most frequently reported cancer genes were BRCA1, BRCA2, and TP53. Next, the genes reported in the reviewed publications’ abstracts were extracted and annotated into three gene ontology classes. Genes in the cellular component class were mostly associated with cell part and organelle part, while those in biological process and molecular function classes were mainly associated with cell process, biological regulation, and binding, and catalytic activity, respectively. Overall, this review highlights the paucity of research on cancer genomics on African populations, identified gaps, and discussed the need for concerted efforts to encourage more research on cancer genomics in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon O Rotimi
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Biochemistry, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Oluwakemi A Rotimi
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Biochemistry, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Bodour Salhia
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Norris Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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11
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Mighri N, Hamdi Y, Boujemaa M, Othman H, Ben Nasr S, El Benna H, Mejri N, Labidi S, Ayari J, Jaidene O, Bouaziz H, Ben Rekaya M, M'rad R, Haddaoui A, Rahal K, Boussen H, Boubaker S, Abdelhak S. Identification of Novel BRCA1 and RAD50 Mutations Associated With Breast Cancer Predisposition in Tunisian Patients. Front Genet 2020; 11:552971. [PMID: 33240314 PMCID: PMC7677579 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.552971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deleterious mutations on BRCA1/2 genes are known to confer high risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers. The identification of these mutations not only helped in selecting high risk individuals that need appropriate prevention approaches but also led to the development of the PARP-inhibitors targeted therapy. This study aims to assess the prevalence of the most frequent BRCA1 mutation in Tunisia, c.211dupA, and provide evidence of its common origin as well as its clinicopathological characteristics. We also aimed to identify additional actionable variants using classical and next generation sequencing technologies (NGS) which would allow to implement cost-effective genetic testing in limited resource countries. Patients and Methods Using sanger sequencing, 112 breast cancer families were screened for c.211dupA. A set of patients that do not carry this mutation were investigated using NGS. Haplotype analysis was performed to assess the founder effect and to estimate the age of this mutation. Correlations between genetic and clinical data were also performed. Results The c.211dupA mutation was identified in 8 carriers and a novel private BRCA1 mutation, c.2418dupA, was identified in one carrier. Both mutations are likely specific to North-Eastern Tunisia. Haplotype analysis supported the founder effect of c.211dupA and showed its recent origin. Phenotype-genotype correlation showed that both BRCA1 mutations seem to be associated with a severe phenotype. Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) analysis of a BRCA negative family revealed a Variant of Unknown Significance, c.3647C > G on RAD50. Molecular modeling showed that this variant could be classified as deleterious as it is responsible for destabilizing the RAD50 protein structure. Variant prioritization and pathway analysis of the WES data showed additional interesting candidate genes including MITF and ANKS6. Conclusion We recommend the prioritization of BRCA1-c.211dupA screening in high risk breast cancer families originating from the North-East of Tunisia. We also highlighted the importance of NGS in detecting novel mutations, such as RAD50-c.3647C > G. In addition, we strongly recommend using data from different ethnic groups to review the pathogenicity of this variant and reconsider its classification in ClinVar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najah Mighri
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yosr Hamdi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maroua Boujemaa
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Houcemeddine Othman
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sonia Ben Nasr
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,The Military Hospital of Tunis, Department of Medical Oncology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Houda El Benna
- Department of Medical Oncology, Abderrahmane Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Nesrine Mejri
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Abderrahmane Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Labidi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Abderrahmane Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Jihen Ayari
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,The Military Hospital of Tunis, Department of Medical Oncology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Jaidene
- Department of Carcinological Surgery, Salah Azaiez Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hanen Bouaziz
- Department of Carcinological Surgery, Salah Azaiez Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Ben Rekaya
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ridha M'rad
- Service des Maladies Congénitales et Héréditaires, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abderrazek Haddaoui
- The Military Hospital of Tunis, Department of Medical Oncology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Rahal
- Department of Carcinological Surgery, Salah Azaiez Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hamouda Boussen
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Abderrahmane Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Samir Boubaker
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Abdelhak
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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12
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Tan Y, Sun X, Fang B, Sheng X, Li Z, Sun Z, Yu D, Liu H, Liu L, Duan M, Yuan D. The Cds.71 on TMS5 May Act as a Mutation Hotspot to Originate a TGMS Trait in Indica Rice Cultivars. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1189. [PMID: 32849737 PMCID: PMC7427412 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The gene tms5, which controls thermo-sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS), has been widely used in two-line hybrid rice breeding in China. The tms5 lines have two sources, namely, AnnongS-1 (AnS) and Zhu1S (ZhS) and, interestingly, are commonly subject to an alteration at cds.71. However, whether cds.71 acts as a mutation hotspot is unknown. Herein, another tms5 mutant named T98S (induced from T98B by irradiation) was used to explore this. First, the gene of tms(t) responsible for T98S was fine-mapped on chromosome 2 based on an F2 group of T98S/R893. In T98S, the candidate gene TMS5 (LOC_Os02g12290.1) mutated at cds.71 with a transversion from cytosine (C) to adenine (A), as also observed in AnS and ZhS. Moreover, the entire coding sequence of TMS5 from T98B converted T98S from sterile to fertile by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, confirming that T98S is controlled by tms5. Next, detection on nearly 40,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on Rice 56K SNP Array revealed T98S was 99.99% similar to T98B but only 72.84% and 77.47% similar to AnS and ZhS, respectively, demonstrating that T98S originated from T98B rather than from existing tms5 lines. Furthermore, the cds.70 was found to exist as a T/G haplotype, and it was T rather than G that helped to induce a TGMS trait. The T frequency was 67.52% in indica rice but decreased to 1.75% in japonica rice in 2,644 cultivars tested, which partly explains why tms5 mutants were mostly found in indica lines. Our findings provide evidence that cds.71 may act as a mutation hotspot and clues for breeding TGMS lines in a more efficient way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanning Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xuewu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Baohua Fang
- Hunan Rice Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xiabing Sheng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheli Li
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhizhong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Dong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Hai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Long Ping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Meijuan Duan
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Dingyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
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Bisgin A, Boga I, Yalav O, Sonmezler O, Tug Bozdogan S. BRCAmutation characteristics in a series of index cases of breast cancer selected independent of family history. Breast J 2019; 25:1029-1033. [DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atil Bisgin
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Genetics Department of Balcali Clinic and Hospital Cukurova University Adana Turkey
- Cukurova University AGENTEM (Adana Genetic Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center) Adana Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Boga
- Cukurova University AGENTEM (Adana Genetic Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center) Adana Turkey
- Department of Biotehnology, Institute of Science Cukurova University Adana Turkey
| | - Orcun Yalav
- General Surgey Department of Balcali Clinis and Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Cukurova Unversity Adana Turkey
| | - Ozge Sonmezler
- Cukurova University AGENTEM (Adana Genetic Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center) Adana Turkey
- Department of Biotehnology, Institute of Science Cukurova University Adana Turkey
| | - Sevcan Tug Bozdogan
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Genetics Department of Balcali Clinic and Hospital Cukurova University Adana Turkey
- Cukurova University AGENTEM (Adana Genetic Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center) Adana Turkey
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14
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Samtani R, Saksena D. BRCA gene mutations: A population based review. GENE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Abdulrashid K, AlHussaini N, Ahmed W, Thalib L. Prevalence of BRCA mutations among hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer patients in Arab countries: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:256. [PMID: 30898109 PMCID: PMC6429759 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5463-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To systematically assess the prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations in women with Hereditary Breast and/or Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) in Arab countries and to describe the variability in the BRCA gene mutations in different regions of the Arab world. Methods Observational studies reporting prevalence of BRCA mutations from 22 Arab countries were systematically searched in databases including PUBMED, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Two reviewers independently screened the studies and extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. Hoy’s risk of Bias tool was used to assess the biases in individual studies. Due to substantial heterogeneity, pooled weighted estimates were calculated using Quality Effect Models (QEM) that adjust for bias, while the Random Effect Models (REM) estimates served as the sensitivity estimates. Results Fourteen studies reporting prevalence of BRCA were included. The pooled estimate of BRCA among HBOC was 20% (95% CI: 7–36%). Subgroup analysis including only those with low risk of bias provided an estimate of 11% (95% CI: 1–27%). Levant region had higher prevalence 28% (95% CI: 11–49%) compared to Arabian Gulf region and North Africa but differences are not statistically significant, when tested using Z-test for proportions. Conclusion Given the pooled estimates vary widely with substantial heterogeneity, larger, well-designed studies are warranted to better understand the frequency and the impact of BRCA gene mutations among Arab women. Trial registration International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) registration number: CRD42018095905.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadiga Abdulrashid
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nour AlHussaini
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Wifag Ahmed
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lukman Thalib
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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16
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Farra C, Dagher C, Badra R, Hammoud MS, Alameddine R, Awwad J, Seoud M, Abbas J, Boulos F, El Saghir N, Mukherji D. BRCA mutation screening and patterns among high-risk Lebanese subjects. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2019; 17:4. [PMID: 30675319 PMCID: PMC6339325 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-019-0105-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have suggested that the prevalence of BRCA1 and 2 mutations in the Lebanese population is low despite the observation that the median age of breast cancer diagnosis is significantly lower than European and North American populations. We aimed at reviewing the rates and patterns of BRCA1/2 mutations found in individuals referred to the medical genetics unit at the American University of Beirut. We also evaluated the performance of clinical prediction tools. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the cases of all individuals undergoing BRCA mutation testing from April 2011 to May 2016. To put our findings in to context, we conducted a literature review of the most recently published data from the region. Results Two-hundred eighty one individuals were referred for testing. The prevalence of mutated BRCA1 or 2 genes were 6 and 1.4% respectively. Three mutations accounted for 54% of the pathogenic mutations found. The BRCA1 c.131G > T mutation was found among 5/17 (29%) unrelated subjects with BRCA1 mutation and is unique to the Lebanese and Palestinian populations. For patients tested between 2014 and 2016, all patients positive for mutations fit the NCCN guidelines for BRCA mutation screening. The Manchester Score failed to predict pathogenic mutations. Conclusion The BRCA1 c.131G > T mutation can be considered a founder mutation in the Lebanese population detected among 5/17 (29%) of individuals diagnosed with a mutation in BRCA1 and among 7/269 families in this cohort. On review of recently published data regarding the landscape of BRCA mutations in the Middle East and North Africa, each region appears to have a unique spectrum of mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Farra
- 1Medical Genetics Unit and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Christelle Dagher
- 2Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rebecca Badra
- 1Medical Genetics Unit and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Miza Salim Hammoud
- 2Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Raafat Alameddine
- 2Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Johnny Awwad
- 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Muhieddine Seoud
- 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jaber Abbas
- 4Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fouad Boulos
- 1Medical Genetics Unit and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nagi El Saghir
- 2Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Deborah Mukherji
- 2Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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17
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Younes N, Zayed H. Genetic epidemiology of ovarian cancer in the 22 Arab countries: A systematic review. Gene 2018; 684:154-164. [PMID: 30352249 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a common disease among Arabs, with one of the highest incidences in the world. OC is underdiagnosed, underreported, and mostly reported with breast cancer. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review to estimate the published knowledge about the genetic epidemiology of OC in the 22 Arab countries. Therefore, we systematically searched seven literature databases (Web of science, PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, Embase, Scopus, and Google scholar) from the time of inception until June 2018 to collect all the information related to the incidence and pathogenic mutations spectrum for OC among Arabs. Our search strategy identified 3645 studies, of which 44 studies met our inclusion criteria, which cover the past 25 years (1993-2018). OC incidence among Arabs ranged from a low of 0.9/100,000/year in Saudi Arabia to a high of 8.0/100,000/year in Sudan. The total number of OC patients captured was 802; of these, 53 and five families carry 22 mutations in BRCA1/2 genes. Of these, eight mutations were unique to the Arab populations, and five mutations were commonly circulated among Arabs (BRCA1: c.5266dupC, c.5095C>T, c.68_69delAG, and c.4041_4042delAG; BRCA 2 c.1310_1313delAAGA). The ratio of BRCA1 (77.3%) mutations was higher than BRCA2 mutations (22.7%). This is the first systematic review to focus on the genetic epidemiology of only OC as an understudied disease that is common among Arabs. This study is expected to serve as a platform for further well-controlled genetic epidemiological studies for OC in the Arab world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadin Younes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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18
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Lee KTW, Smith RA, Gopalan V, Lam AK. Targeted Single Gene Mutation in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1756:213-229. [PMID: 29600373 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7734-5_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma is heterogeneous and studies have reviewed many important mutations that contribute to the pathogenesis of the cancer. These discoveries have helped paved the way into identifying new gene markers or gene targets to develop novel molecular directed therapy for better patient outcomes in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Despite the recent bloom in next-generation sequencing, Sanger sequencing still represents the gold standard method for the study of the driver genes in esophageal adenocarcinoma. This chapter focuses on the sequencing techniques in identification of single gene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine T W Lee
- Cancer Molecular Pathology of School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Robert A Smith
- Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Science, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Vinod Gopalan
- Cancer Molecular Pathology of School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Alfred K Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology of School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
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