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Role of Tau in Various Tauopathies, Treatment Approaches, and Emerging Role of Nanotechnology in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:1690-1720. [PMID: 36562884 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03164-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A few protein kinases and phosphatases regulate tau protein phosphorylation and an imbalance in their enzyme activity results in tau hyper-phosphorylation. Aberrant tau phosphorylation causes tau to dissociate from the microtubules and clump together in the cytosol to form neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which lead to the progression of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies. Hence, targeting hyperphosphorylated tau protein is a restorative approach for treating neurodegenerative tauopathies. The cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk5) and the glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3β) have both been implicated in aberrant tau hyperphosphorylation. The limited transport of drugs through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) for reaching the central nervous system (CNS) thus represents a significant problem in the development of drugs. Drug delivery systems based on nanocarriers help solve this problem. In this review, we discuss the tau protein, regulation of tau phosphorylation and abnormal hyperphosphorylation, drugs in use or under clinical trials, and treatment strategies for tauopathies based on the critical role of tau hyperphosphorylation in the pathogenesis of the disease. Pathology of neurodegenerative disease due to hyperphosphorylation and various therapeutic approaches including nanotechnology for its treatment.
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CSF α-Synuclein and Tau as Biomarkers for Dementia With Lewy Bodies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2022; 36:368-373. [PMID: 36183420 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated whether α-synuclein and tau in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can be used as biomarkers to diagnose dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrieved 3303 studies with "Dementia with Lewy bodies," "α-synuclein," and "tau" as keywords. We formulated screening criteria, and 2 researchers completed the screening, quality evaluation, and data extraction tasks. Finally, 35 studies related to tau, and 14 studies related to α-synuclein were included. Review Manager 5.4 and Stata16 were used for meta-analysis. Subgroup, sensitivity, and meta-regression analyses were performed to identify sources of heterogeneity and strengthen the results. RESULTS Compared with the control group, DLB patients showed significantly higher CSF levels of tau [weighted mean difference=81.36 (59.82, 102.91); Z =7.40; P <0.00001], and lower CSF levels of α-synuclein [weighted mean difference=-95.25 (-162.02, -28.48); Z =2.80; P =0.005]. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, male ratio, and disease duration were not sources of heterogeneity on subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Sensitivity analysis revealed no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of tau and lower levels of α-synuclein were found in the CSF of patients with DLB compared with the control group. Therefore, CSF tau and α-synuclein levels may be diagnostic biomarkers for DLB.
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Foska A, Tsantzali I, Sideri E, Stefanou MI, Bakola E, Kitsos DK, Zompola C, Bonakis A, Giannopoulos S, Voumvourakis KI, Tsivgoulis G, Paraskevas GP. Classical Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Dementia with Lewy Bodies. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58050612. [PMID: 35630029 PMCID: PMC9144333 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58050612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use and interpretation of diagnostic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders, such as Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), represent a clinical challenge. According to the literature, the composition of CSF in DLB patients varies. Some patients present with reduced levels of amyloid, others with full Alzheimer Disease CSF profile (both reduced amyloid and increased phospho-tau) and some with a normal profile. Some patients may present with abnormal levels of a-synuclein. Continuous efforts will be required to establish useful CSF biomarkers for the early diagnosis of DLB. Given the heterogeneity of methods and results between studies, further validation is fundamental before conclusions can be drawn.
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Canaslan S, Schmitz M, Villar-Piqué A, Maass F, Gmitterová K, Varges D, Lingor P, Llorens F, Hermann P, Zerr I. Detection of Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Light Chain as a Marker for Alpha-Synucleinopathies. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:717930. [PMID: 34630068 PMCID: PMC8493247 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.717930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA), are a class of neurodegenerative diseases. A diagnosis may be challenging because clinical symptoms partially overlap, and there is currently no reliable diagnostic test available. Therefore, we aimed to identify a suitable marker protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to distinguish either between different types of alpha-synucleinopathies or between alpha-synucleinopathies and controls. In this study, the regulation of different marker protein candidates, such as alpha-synuclein (a-Syn), neurofilament light chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and total tau (tau) in different types of alpha-synucleinopathies, had been analyzed by using an ultrasensitive test system called single-molecule array (SIMOA). Interestingly, we observed that CSF-NfL was significantly elevated in patients with DLB and MSA compared to patients with PD or control donors. To differentiate between groups, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis resulted in a very good diagnostic accuracy as indicated by the area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.87–0.92 for CSF-NfL. Furthermore, we observed that GFAP and tau were slightly increased either in DLB or MSA, while a-Syn levels remained unregulated. Our study suggests NfL as a promising marker to discriminate between different types of alpha-synucleinopathies or between DLB/MSA and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezgi Canaslan
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmitz
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anna Villar-Piqué
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany.,Network Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Neuroscience Area, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Fabian Maass
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Karin Gmitterová
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany.,Second Department of Neurology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Neurology, Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Varges
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Paul Lingor
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Franc Llorens
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany.,Network Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Neuroscience Area, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Peter Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Inga Zerr
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
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Milán-Tomás Á, Fernández-Matarrubia M, Rodríguez-Oroz MC. Lewy Body Dementias: A Coin with Two Sides? Behav Sci (Basel) 2021; 11:94. [PMID: 34206456 PMCID: PMC8301188 DOI: 10.3390/bs11070094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lewy body dementias (LBDs) consist of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), which are clinically similar syndromes that share neuropathological findings with widespread cortical Lewy body deposition, often with a variable degree of concomitant Alzheimer pathology. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the neuropathological and clinical features, current diagnostic criteria, biomarkers, and management of LBD. Literature research was performed using the PubMed database, and the most pertinent articles were read and are discussed in this paper. The diagnostic criteria for DLB have recently been updated, with the addition of indicative and supportive biomarker information. The time interval of dementia onset relative to parkinsonism remains the major distinction between DLB and PDD, underpinning controversy about whether they are the same illness in a different spectrum of the disease or two separate neurodegenerative disorders. The treatment for LBD is only symptomatic, but the expected progression and prognosis differ between the two entities. Diagnosis in prodromal stages should be of the utmost importance, because implementing early treatment might change the course of the illness if disease-modifying therapies are developed in the future. Thus, the identification of novel biomarkers constitutes an area of active research, with a special focus on α-synuclein markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Milán-Tomás
- Department of Neurology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 28027 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Marta Fernández-Matarrubia
- Department of Neurology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Cruz Rodríguez-Oroz
- Department of Neurology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 28027 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Neurology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIMA, Center of Applied Medical Research, Universidad de Navarra, Neurosciences Program, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Campese N, Palermo G, Del Gamba C, Beatino MF, Galgani A, Belli E, Del Prete E, Della Vecchia A, Vergallo A, Siciliano G, Ceravolo R, Hampel H, Baldacci F. Progress regarding the context-of-use of tau as biomarker of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. Expert Rev Proteomics 2021; 18:27-48. [PMID: 33545008 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2021.1886929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Tau protein misfolding and accumulation in toxic species is a critical pathophysiological process of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Tau biomarkers, namely cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) total-tau (t-tau), 181-phosphorylated tau (p-tau), and tau-PET tracers, have been recently embedded in the diagnostic criteria for AD. Nevertheless, the role of tau as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for other NDDs remains controversial.Areas covered: We performed a systematical PubMed-based review of the most recent advances in tau-related biomarkers for NDDs. We focused on papers published from 2015 to 2020 assessing the diagnostic or prognostic value of each biomarker.Expert opinion: The assessment of tau biomarkers in alternative easily accessible matrices, through the development of ultrasensitive techniques, represents the most significant perspective for AD-biomarker research. In NDDs, novel tau isoforms (e.g. p-tau217) or proteolytic fragments (e.g. N-terminal fragments) may represent candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and may help monitoring disease progression. Protein misfolding amplification assays, allowing the identification of different tau strains (e.g. 3 R- vs. 4 R-tau) in CSF, may constitute a breakthrough for the in vivo stratification of NDDs. Tau-PET may help tracking the spatial-temporal evolution of tau pathophysiology in AD but its application outside the AD-spectrum deserves further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Campese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Palermo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Del Gamba
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Galgani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Belli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Eleonora Del Prete
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Vergallo
- GRC N° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard De L'hôpital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Ceravolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Harald Hampel
- GRC N° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard De L'hôpital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Filippo Baldacci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,GRC N° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard De L'hôpital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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7
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Maltête D, Wallon D, Bourilhon J, Lefaucheur R, Danaila T, Thobois S, Defebvre L, Dujardin K, Houeto JL, Godefroy O, Krystkowiak P, Martinaud O, Gillibert A, Chastan M, Vera P, Hannequin D, Welter ML, Derrey S. Nucleus Basalis of Meynert Stimulation for Lewy Body Dementia: A Phase I Randomized Clinical Trial. Neurology 2020; 96:e684-e697. [PMID: 33199437 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000011227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nucleus basalis of Meynert deep brain stimulation (NBM-DBS) has been proposed for patients with dementia. Here, we aim to assess the safety and effects of NBM-DBS in patients with Lewy body dementia (LBD), in a randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical trial. METHODS Six patients with mild to moderate LBD (mean [SD] age, 62.2 [7.8] years) were included, operated on for bilateral NBM-DBS, and assigned to receive either active or sham NBM-DBS followed by the opposite condition for 3 months. The primary outcome was the difference in the total free recalls of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) between active and sham NBM-DBS. Secondary outcomes were assessments of the safety and effects of NBM-DBS on cognition, motor disability, sleep, and PET imaging. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the FCSRT score with active vs sham NBM-DBS. The surgical procedures were well tolerated in all patients, but we observed significant decreases in Stroop and Benton scores after electrode implantation. We observed no significant difference in other scales between active and sham NBM-DBS. With active NBM-DBS relative to baseline, phonemic fluency and motor disability significantly decreased. Lastly, the superior lingual gyrus metabolic activity significantly increased with active NBM-DBS. CONCLUSIONS NBM-DBS does not appear to be totally safe for patients with LBD with no evidence of cognitive benefit. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER NCT01340001. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that, for patients with LBD operated on for bilateral NBM-DBS, active NBM-DBS stimulation compared to sham stimulation did not significantly change selective recall scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Maltête
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France.
| | - David Wallon
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - Julie Bourilhon
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - Romain Lefaucheur
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - Teodor Danaila
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - Stéphane Thobois
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - Luc Defebvre
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - Kathy Dujardin
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - Jean-Luc Houeto
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - Olivier Godefroy
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - Pierre Krystkowiak
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - Olivier Martinaud
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - André Gillibert
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - Mathieu Chastan
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - Pierre Vera
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - Didier Hannequin
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - Marie-Laure Welter
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
| | - Stéphane Derrey
- From the Departments of Neurology (D.M., D.W., R.L., D.H.), Neurophysiology (J.B., M.-L.W.), and Neurosurgery (S.D.), Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen; INSERM U1239 (D.M.), Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Mont-Saint-Aignan; Department of Neurology C (T.D., S.T.), Hopital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud Charles Mérieux; Department of Neurology (L.D., K.D.), Lille University Hospital, INSERM 1171; Department of Neurology (J.-L.H.), CIC-INSERM 1402, CHU de Poitiers; Université de Poitiers (J.-L.H.); Department of Neurology (O.G., P.K.), Amiens University Hospital; Department of Neurology (O.M.), Caen University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (A.G.), Rouen University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M.C., P.V.), Henri Becquerel Cancer Center and Rouen University Hospital; and QuantIF-LITIS [EA (Equipe d'Accueil) 4108-FR CNRS 3638] (M.C., P.V.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rouen, France
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Yamashita H, Fukushima E, Shimomura K, Hirose H, Nakayama K, Orimo N, Mao W, Katsuta N, Nishimon S, Ohnuma T. Use of skin advanced glycation end product levels measured using a simple noninvasive method as a biological marker for the diagnosis of neuropsychiatric diseases. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2020; 29:e1824. [PMID: 32323917 PMCID: PMC7301278 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) may be involved in the pathophysiology of several neuropsychiatric diseases. In this study, the skin AGEs level of several neuropsychiatric diseases was assessed with a simple noninvasive method. Moreover, whether skin AGE level can be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of these diseases was evaluated. METHODS A total of 27 patients with schizophrenia, 26 with major depressive disorder, and 10 with major neurocognitive disorders (MNDs), such as Alzheimer's disease or dementia with Lewy body, as well as 26 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The skin AGE levels of the patients were assessed with an AGE scanner, a fluorometric method used to assay skin AGE levels. RESULTS One-way analysis of covariance was performed after adjusting for significant covariates, including age. Although the group with MNDs had higher skin AGE levels than the other groups, the main effect of diagnosis did not significantly affect the skin AGE levels of the groups. CONCLUSIONS Skin AGE levels in neuropsychiatric diseases with mild symptoms did not significantly differ. Further large-scale studies using a simple noninvasive method for the early detection and treatment of MNDs must be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yamashita
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eriko Fukushima
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Shimomura
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoki Hirose
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Nakayama
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Narihiro Orimo
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wanyi Mao
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Narimasa Katsuta
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Nishimon
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Ohnuma
- Juntendo University Schizophrenia Projects (JUSP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Paraskevas GP, Bougea A, Constantinides VC, Bourbouli M, Petropoulou O, Kapaki E. In vivo Prevalence of Alzheimer Biomarkers in Dementia with Lewy Bodies. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2020; 47:289-296. [PMID: 31311013 DOI: 10.1159/000500567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathological studies indicate concomitant Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). OBJECTIVES To measure cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of β-amyloid peptide with 42 amino acids (Aβ42), total tau protein (τT), and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (τP-181) in 38 patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of probable DLB according to the most recent (4th consensus) report. METHODS Double-sandwich commercial ELISAs (Innotest; Fujirebio, Gent, Belgium) were used for measurements. RESULTS According to the current cutoff values of our laboratory, 4 biomarker profiles were noted: abnormal levels of Aβ42 only (44.7%), full AD profile (39.5%), abnormal levels of τT only (5.3%), and normal levels of all 3 biomarkers (10.5%). AD profile was associated with female sex, older age, lower education, and lower MMSE scores. CONCLUSIONS Reduction in Αβ42 in DLB may be more common (>80% of patients) than previously thought, and ∼40% may have the typical CSF AD biomarker profile. AD biochemistry in DLB may be an evolving process showing increasing frequency with disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- George P Paraskevas
- Unit of Neurochemistry and Biological Markers, First Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece,
| | - Anastasia Bougea
- Unit of Neurochemistry and Biological Markers, First Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasilios C Constantinides
- Unit of Neurochemistry and Biological Markers, First Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mara Bourbouli
- Unit of Neurochemistry and Biological Markers, First Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Neurological Laboratory, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Iráklion, Greece
| | - Olga Petropoulou
- Unit of Neurochemistry and Biological Markers, First Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Elisabeth Kapaki
- Unit of Neurochemistry and Biological Markers, First Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Rajkumar AP, Bidkhori G, Shoaie S, Clarke E, Morrin H, Hye A, Williams G, Ballard C, Francis P, Aarsland D. Postmortem Cortical Transcriptomics of Lewy Body Dementia Reveal Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Lack of Neuroinflammation. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2020; 28:75-86. [PMID: 31327631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prevalence of Lewy body dementias (LBD) is second only to Alzheimer's disease (AD) among people with neurodegenerative dementia. LBD cause earlier mortality, more intense neuropsychiatric symptoms, more caregivers' burden, and higher costs than AD. The molecular mechanisms underlying LBD are largely unknown. As advancing molecular level mechanistic understanding is essential for identifying reliable peripheral biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for LBD, the authors aimed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEG), and dysfunctional molecular networks in postmortem LBD brains. METHODS The authors investigated the transcriptomics of postmortem anterior cingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices of people with pathology-verified LBD using next-generation RNA-sequencing. The authors verified the identified DEG using high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reactions. Functional implications of identified DEG and the consequent metabolic reprogramming were evaluated by Ingenuity pathway analyses, genome-scale metabolic modeling, reporter metabolite analyses, and in silico gene silencing. RESULTS The authors identified and verified 12 novel DEGs (MPO, SELE, CTSG, ALPI, ABCA13, GALNT6, SST, RBM3, CSF3, SLC4A1, OXTR, and RAB44) in LBD brains with genome-wide statistical significance. The authors documented statistically significant down-regulation of several cytokine genes. Identified dysfunctional molecular networks highlighted the contributions of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and immunosenescence toward neurodegeneration in LBD. CONCLUSION Our findings support that chronic microglial activation and neuroinflammation, well-documented in AD, are notably absent in LBD. The lack of neuroinflammation in LBD brains was corroborated by statistically significant down-regulation of several inflammatory markers. Identified DEGs, especially down-regulated inflammatory markers, may aid distinguishing LBD from AD, and their biomarker potential warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anto P Rajkumar
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Mental Health of Older Adults and Dementia Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley NHS foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Gholamreza Bidkhori
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Saeed Shoaie
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Emily Clarke
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Abdul Hye
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health and Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London and Maudsley NHS foundation trust, London, UK
| | - Gareth Williams
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Clive Ballard
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; The Medical School, Exeter University, Exeter, UK
| | - Paul Francis
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Mental Health of Older Adults and Dementia Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley NHS foundation Trust, London, UK
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Mixed Small Vessel Disease in a Patient with Dementia with Lewy Bodies. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9070159. [PMID: 31277472 PMCID: PMC6680661 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9070159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is characterized by deposition of amyloid in small/medium size brain vessels, and may coexist with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We describe a patient with a clinical diagnosis of DLB and imaging/biochemical characteristics suggestive of mixed small vessel disease (both CAA and non-amyloid microangiopathy). Methods: Clinical evaluation according to recent diagnostic criteria, magnetic resonance imaging, dopamine-transporter scan (DAT-scan) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis for dementia biomarkers were all performed. Results: The patient is a 71-year-old male, fulfilling criteria for probable DLB, with a positive DAT-scan, but with multiple microbleeds in a cortical-subcortical location suggestive of CAA, some microbleeds in deep brain nuclei suggestive of non-amyloid microangiopathy and abnormal levels of only amyloid-beta (Aβ42) in CSF. Conclusion: Coexistent mixed vascular and neurodegenerative disorders are frequent in older subjects with dementia and each one of the underlying pathologies may contribute to, or modify the clinical presentation.
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Cerebrospinal Fluid Total and Phosphorylated α-Synuclein in Patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and Synucleinopathy. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3476-3483. [PMID: 30136097 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1313-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
High levels of total α-synuclein (t-α-synuclein) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were reported in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD). The potential use of t-α-synuclein in the discrimination of Lewy body dementias (i.e., Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)) is still under investigation. In addition, phospho-serine-129 α-synuclein (p-α-synuclein) has been described to be slightly increased in the CSF of synucleinopathies. Here, we analyzed t-α-synuclein and p-α-synuclein concentrations and their ratio in the context of differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. We quantified the levels of CSF t-α-synuclein and p-α-synuclein in a cohort of samples composed of neurological controls (NC), sCJD, PDD, and DLB by means of newly developed specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. T-α-synuclein and p-α-synuclein were specifically elevated in sCJD compared to other disease groups. The area under the curve (AUC) values for t-α-synuclein were higher for the discrimination of sCJD from dementias associated to Lewy bodies as compared to the use of p-α-synuclein. A combination of both markers even increased the diagnostic accuracy. An inverse correlation was observed in CSF between t-α-synuclein and p-α-synuclein, especially in the DLB group, indicating a disease-relevant association between both markers. In conclusion, our data confirm t-α-synuclein and p-α-synuclein as robust biomarkers for sCJD and indicate the potential use of colorimetric t-α-synuclein ELISAs for differential diagnosis of dementia types.
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Biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid for synucleinopathies, tauopathies, and other neurodegenerative disorders. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2018; 146:99-113. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-804279-3.00007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Funahashi Y, Yoshino Y, Yamazaki K, Mori Y, Mori T, Ozaki Y, Sao T, Ochi S, Iga JI, Ueno SI. DNA methylation changes at SNCA intron 1 in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2017; 71:28-35. [PMID: 27685250 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM It is difficult to diagnose dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) because it exhibits clinical and neuropathological overlap with both Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The α-synuclein protein is a major component of Lewy bodies, and accumulation of α-synuclein aggregates causes synaptic dysfunction in DLB. Epigenetic changes at the synuclein alpha ( SNCA ) gene may be involved in DLB pathogenesis. METHODS We examined DNA methylation rates at 10 CpG sites located in intron 1 of SNCA and SNCA mRNA expression in peripheral leukocytes to compare DLB patients (n = 20; nine men, 11 women; age = 78.8 ± 7.7 years) with healthy controls (n = 20; eight men, 12 women; age = 77.0 ± 6.9 years). RESULTS The methylation rate at CpG 4 ( P = 0.002) and the overall mean methylation rate at these sites (P < 0.001) were significantly lower in DLB patients than in healthy controls after Bonferroni correction. Although SNCA126 , a partial form of SNCA mRNA expression, was significantly increased in DLB ( P = 0.017), there was no significant difference in total SNCA mRNA expression between DLB patients and healthy controls ( P = 0.165). No correlation was observed between SCNA mRNA expression levels and blood DNA methylation rates in either DLB or healthy controls. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that lower methylation rates may be a biomarker for DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Funahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshino
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kiyohiro Yamazaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yoko Mori
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takaaki Mori
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yuki Ozaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Tomoko Sao
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Ochi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Iga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shu-Ichi Ueno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
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Cerebrospinal α-synuclein in α-synuclein aggregation disorders: tau/α-synuclein ratio as potential biomarker for dementia with Lewy bodies. J Neurol 2016; 263:2271-2277. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-016-8259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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van Steenoven I, Aarsland D, Weintraub D, Londos E, Blanc F, van der Flier WM, Teunissen CE, Mollenhauer B, Fladby T, Kramberger MG, Bonanni L, Lemstra AW. Cerebrospinal Fluid Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers Across the Spectrum of Lewy Body Diseases: Results from a Large Multicenter Cohort. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 54:287-95. [PMID: 27567832 PMCID: PMC5535729 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concomitant Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is observed in Lewy body diseases (LBD), but the clinical impact is unknown. Only a few biomarker studies in LBD exist and have included small cohorts from single centers. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers across the spectrum of LBD in a large multicenter cohort and to assess whether an AD biomarker profile was associated with demographic and clinical differences in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). METHODS We included 375 DLB patients, 164 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients without dementia, and 55 PD patients with dementia (PDD) from 10 centers. CSF amyloid-beta42 (Aβ42), total tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) values were dichotomized as abnormal or normal according to locally available cut-off values. A CSF AD profile was defined as abnormal Aβ42 combined with abnormal t-tau and/or p-tau. RESULTS A substantial proportion of DLB patients had abnormal values for CSF Aβ42, t-tau, and p-tau, while abnormal values were uncommon in PD without dementia. Patients with PDD had values in between. A CSF AD profile was observed in 25% of DLB patients, compared with only 9% of PDD and 3% of PD without dementia. Within DLB, patients with a CSF AD profile were older, more often female, performed worse on the Mini-Mental State Examination, and had shorter disease duration compared with patients with normal CSF. CONCLUSION A CSF AD profile is more common in DLB compared with PDD and PD, and is associated with more severe cognitive impairment in DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger van Steenoven
- Department of Neurology & Alzheimer Centre, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Daniel Weintraub
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elisabet Londos
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Frédéric Blanc
- Neuropsychology Unit and Geriatric Day Hospital (Strasbourg Resource and Research Memory Centre, CMRR), University Hospital of Strasbourg and ICube Laboratory, FMTS, University of Strasbourg and CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Wiesje M. van der Flier
- Department of Neurology & Alzheimer Centre and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Lab and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brit Mollenhauer
- Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Kassel and University Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neuropathology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tormod Fladby
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Laura Bonanni
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging and Clinical Science, and Aging Research Centre, G. d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Afina W. Lemstra
- Department of Neurology & Alzheimer Centre, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Yassi N, Desmond PM, Masters CL. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 60:349-353. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0799-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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A First Tetraplex Assay for the Simultaneous Quantification of Total α-Synuclein, Tau, β-Amyloid42 and DJ-1 in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153564. [PMID: 27116005 PMCID: PMC4846093 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The quantification of four distinct proteins (α-synuclein, β-amyloid1-42, DJ-1, and total tau) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been proposed as a laboratory-based platform for the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). While there is some clinical utility in measuring these markers individually, their usage in routine clinical testing remains challenging, in part due to substantial overlap of concentrations between healthy controls and diseased subjects. In contrast, measurement of different analytes in a single sample from individual patients in parallel appears to considerably improve the accuracy of AD or PD diagnosis. Here, we report the development and initial characterization of a first, electrochemiluminescence-based multiplex immunoassay for the simultaneous quantification of all four proteins (‘tetraplex’) in as little as 50 μl of CSF. In analytical performance experiments, we assessed its sensitivity, spike-recovery rate, parallelism and dilution linearity as well as the intra- and inter-assay variability. Using our in-house calibrators, we recorded a lower limit of detection for α-synuclein, β-amyloid42, DJ-1, and t-tau of 1.95, 1.24, 5.63, and 4.05 pg/ml, respectively. The corresponding, linear concentration range covered >3 orders of magnitude. In diluted CSF samples (up to 1:4), spike-recovery rates ranged from a low of 55% for β-amyloid42 to a high of 98% for DJ-1. Hillslopes ranged from 1.03 to 1.30, and inter-assay variability demonstrated very high reproducibility. Our newly established tetraplex assay represents a significant technical advance for fluid-based biomarker studies in neurodegenerative disorders allowing the simultaneous measurement of four pivotal makers in single CSF specimens. It provides exceptional sensitivity, accuracy and speed.
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Grangeon L, Paquet C, Bombois S, Quillard-Muraine M, Martinaud O, Bourre B, Lefaucheur R, Nicolas G, Dumurgier J, Gerardin E, Jan M, Laplanche JL, Peoc’h K, Hugon J, Pasquier F, Maltête D, Hannequin D, Wallon D. Differential Diagnosis of Dementia with High Levels of Cerebrospinal Fluid Tau Protein. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 51:905-13. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-151111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lou Grangeon
- Department of Neurology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Claire Paquet
- CMRR Paris Nord AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière Fernand-Widal Saint-Louis, INSERM, U942, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 942, Paris, France
| | - Stephanie Bombois
- Univ. Lille, Inserm U1171, Memory centre and CNR-MAJ, CHU, Lille, France
| | | | | | - Bertrand Bourre
- Department of Neurology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | | | - Gaël Nicolas
- INSERM U1079, Normandy Centre for Genomic Medicine and Personalized Medicine, IRIB, Normandy University, CNR-MAJ, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
- Department of Genetics, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Julien Dumurgier
- CMRR Paris Nord AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière Fernand-Widal Saint-Louis, INSERM, U942, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 942, Paris, France
| | | | - Mary Jan
- Department of Neurophysiology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Jean-Louis Laplanche
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital Lariboisière, APHP, Inserm UMR-S 1144, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Katell Peoc’h
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital Lariboisière, APHP, Inserm UMR-S 1144, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- APHP, HUPNVS, Hopital Beaujon, Service de Biochimie, Clichy, France
| | - Jacques Hugon
- CMRR Paris Nord AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière Fernand-Widal Saint-Louis, INSERM, U942, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 942, Paris, France
| | - Florence Pasquier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm U1171, Memory centre and CNR-MAJ, CHU, Lille, France
| | - David Maltête
- Department of Neurology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Didier Hannequin
- Department of Neurology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
- INSERM U1079, Normandy Centre for Genomic Medicine and Personalized Medicine, IRIB, Normandy University, CNR-MAJ, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - David Wallon
- Department of Neurology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
- INSERM U1079, Normandy Centre for Genomic Medicine and Personalized Medicine, IRIB, Normandy University, CNR-MAJ, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
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20
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CSF biomarkers in neurodegenerative and vascular dementias. Prog Neurobiol 2016; 138-140:36-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Markers of cognitive decline in PD: The case for heterogeneity. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2016; 24:8-14. [PMID: 26774536 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is highly prevalent and has a severe negative effect on health related and perceived quality of life in Parkinson's disease (PD). It is now established that 20-40% of persons with PD will develop cognitive deficits early in the disease. Moreover, the risk of developing dementia is six times higher in PD patients than in age-matched controls and it is estimated that 80% of patients will develop dementia after 20 years of the disease. In order to address these symptoms properly it is crucial to identify very early in the disease the patients who are most likely to develop dementia rapidly. Persons who meet criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) exhibit measurable cognitive deficits but those deficits are not severe enough to interfere significantly with daily life. While the presence of MCI in PD increases the chance of developing dementia, various studies suggest that PD-MCI might consist of distinct subtypes with different pathophysiologies and prognoses. In this paper we comment on various biomarkers associated with cognitive decline in PD, specifically clinical, neuropathological, genetic and neuroimaging ones. We also discuss disrupted functional connectivity in PD-MCI and reveal preliminary results from our own group. We propose that the current studies looking at different types of biomarkers provide support for different causes being associated with cognitive decline in PD. Large-scale multi-disciplinary and multi-modal longitudinal studies are required to identify more specifically the different phenotypes associated with different cognitive profiles and evolution in PD.
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Surendranathan A, Rowe JB, O'Brien JT. Neuroinflammation in Lewy body dementia. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2015; 21:1398-406. [PMID: 26493111 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is increasingly recognized as a key factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative conditions. However, it remains unclear whether it has a protective or damaging role. Studies of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease have provided much of the evidence for inflammatory pathology in neurodegeneration. Here we review the evidence for inflammation in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia. Neuroinflammation has been confirmed in vivo using PET imaging, with microglial activation seen in Parkinson's disease dementia and recently in dementia with Lewy bodies. In Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's disease dementia, microglial activation suggests a chronic inflammatory process, although there is also evidence of its association with cognitive ability and neuronal function. Alpha-synuclein in various conformations has also been linked to activation of microglia, with a broad range of components of the innate and adaptive immune systems associated with this interaction. Evidence of neuroinflammation in Lewy body dementia is further supported by pathological and biomarker studies. Genetic and epidemiological studies support a role for inflammation in Parkinson's disease, but have yet to provide the same for Lewy body dementia. This review highlights the need to identify whether the nature and extent of microglial activation in Lewy body dementia can be linked to structural change, progression of domain specific cognitive symptoms and peripheral inflammation as a marker of central microglial pathology. Answers to these questions will enable the evaluation of immunotherapies as potential therapeutic options for prevention or treatment of dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James B Rowe
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
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Lawand NB, Saadé NE, El-Agnaf OM, Safieh-Garabedian B. Targeting α-synuclein as a therapeutic strategy for Parkinson's disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 19:1351-60. [PMID: 26135549 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2015.1062877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION α-Synuclein, a neuronal protein, plays a central role in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. Cases of PD have increased tremendously over the past decade necessitating the identification of new therapeutic targets to reduce patient morbidity and to improve PD patients' quality of life. AREAS COVERED The purpose of this article is to provide an update on the role of α-synuclein in fibrils formation and review its role as an effective immunotherapeutic target for PD. The rapidly expanding evidence for the contribution of α-synuclein to the pathogenesis of PD led to the development of antibodies against the C terminus of α-synuclein and other molecules involved in the inflammatory signaling pathways that were found to contribute significantly to initiation and progression of the disease. EXPERT OPINION The readers will obtain new insights on the mechanisms by which α-synuclein can trigger the development of PD and other related degenerative disorders along with the potential role of active and passive antibodies targeted against specific form of α-synuclein aggregates to clear neurotoxicity, stop the propagation of the prion-like behavior of these oligomers and reverse neuronal degeneration associated with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada B Lawand
- a 1 American University of Beirut, Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology Sciences , Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nayef E Saadé
- a 1 American University of Beirut, Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology Sciences , Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Omar M El-Agnaf
- b 2 Hamad Ben Khalifa University, College of Science and Engineering, Education City, Qatar Foundation , Doha, Qatar
| | - Bared Safieh-Garabedian
- c 3 Qatar University, College of Medicine, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences , Doha, Qatar
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24
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Struyfs H, Niemantsverdriet E, Goossens J, Fransen E, Martin JJ, De Deyn PP, Engelborghs S. Cerebrospinal Fluid P-Tau181P: Biomarker for Improved Differential Dementia Diagnosis. Front Neurol 2015; 6:138. [PMID: 26136723 PMCID: PMC4470274 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2015.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study is to investigate the value of tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (P-tau181P) in the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker panel for differential dementia diagnosis in autopsy confirmed AD and non-AD patients. The study population consisted of 140 autopsy confirmed AD and 77 autopsy confirmed non-AD dementia patients. CSF concentrations of amyloid-β peptide of 42 amino acids (Aβ1–42), total tau protein (T-tau), and P-tau181P were determined with single analyte ELISA-kits (INNOTEST®, Fujirebio, Ghent, Belgium). Diagnostic accuracy was assessed through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses to obtain area under the curve (AUC) values and to define optimal cutoff values to discriminate AD from pooled and individual non-AD groups. ROC curve analyses were only performed on biomarkers and ratios that differed significantly between the groups. Pairwise comparison of AUC values was performed by means of DeLong tests. The Aβ1–42/P-tau181P ratio (AUC = 0.770) performed significantly better than Aβ1–42 (AUC = 0.677, P = 0.004), T-tau (AUC = 0.592, P < 0.001), and Aβ1–42/T-tau (AUC = 0.678, P = 0.001), while P-tau181P (AUC = 0.720) performed significantly better than T-tau (AUC = 0.592, P < 0.001) to discriminate between AD and the pooled non-AD group. When comparing AD and the individual non-AD diagnoses, Aβ1–42/P-tau181P (AUC = 0.894) discriminated AD from frontotemporal dementia significantly better than Aβ1–42 (AUC = 0.776, P = 0.020) and T-tau (AUC = 0.746, P = 0.004), while P-tau181P/T-tau (AUC = 0.958) significantly improved the differentiation between AD and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease as compared to Aβ1–42 (AUC = 0.688, P = 0.004), T-tau (AUC = 0.874, P = 0.040), and Aβ1–42/P-tau181P (AUC = 0.760, P = 0.003). In conclusion, this study demonstrates P-tau181P is an essential component of the AD CSF biomarker panel, and combined assessment of Aβ1–42, T-tau, and P-tau181P renders, to present date, the highest diagnostic power to discriminate between AD and non-AD dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Struyfs
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Ellis Niemantsverdriet
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Joery Goossens
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
| | - Erik Fransen
- StatUa Center for Statistics, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium
| | | | - Peter P De Deyn
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium ; Biobank, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium ; Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp (ZNA) Middelheim and Hoge Beuken , Antwerp , Belgium ; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG) , Groningen , Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp , Antwerp , Belgium ; Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp (ZNA) Middelheim and Hoge Beuken , Antwerp , Belgium
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