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Li SY, Xue ST, Li ZR. Osteoporosis: Emerging targets on the classical signaling pathways of bone formation. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 973:176574. [PMID: 38642670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a multifaceted skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone mass and structural deterioration, posing a significant public health challenge, particularly in the elderly population. Treatment strategies for osteoporosis primarily focus on inhibiting bone resorption and promoting bone formation. However, the effectiveness and limitations of current therapeutic approaches underscore the need for innovative methods. This review explores emerging molecular targets within crucial signaling pathways, including wingless/integrated (WNT), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), hedgehog (HH), and Notch signaling pathway, to understand their roles in osteogenesis regulation. The identification of crosstalk targets between these pathways further enhances our comprehension of the intricate bone metabolism cycle. In summary, unraveling the molecular complexity of osteoporosis provides insights into potential therapeutic targets beyond conventional methods, offering a promising avenue for the development of new anabolic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yan Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Si-Tu Xue
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Zhuo-Rong Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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2
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Arya PN, Saranya I, Selvamurugan N. Crosstalk between Wnt and bone morphogenetic protein signaling during osteogenic differentiation. World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:102-113. [PMID: 38455105 PMCID: PMC10915952 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i2.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) originate from many sources, including the bone marrow and adipose tissue, and differentiate into various cell types, such as osteoblasts and adipocytes. Recent studies on MSCs have revealed that many transcription factors and signaling pathways control osteogenic development. Osteogenesis is the process by which new bones are formed; it also aids in bone remodeling. Wnt/β-catenin and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathways are involved in many cellular processes and considered to be essential for life. Wnt/β-catenin and BMPs are important for bone formation in mammalian development and various regulatory activities in the body. Recent studies have indicated that these two signaling pathways contribute to osteogenic differentiation. Active Wnt signaling pathway promotes osteogenesis by activating the downstream targets of the BMP signaling pathway. Here, we briefly review the molecular processes underlying the crosstalk between these two pathways and explain their participation in osteogenic differentiation, emphasizing the canonical pathways. This review also discusses the crosstalk mechanisms of Wnt/BMP signaling with Notch- and extracellular-regulated kinases in osteogenic differentiation and bone development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakkath Narayanan Arya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Iyyappan Saranya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Nagarajan Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India.
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3
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Wang Z, Wen S, Zhong M, Yang Z, Xiong W, Zhang K, Yang S, Li H, Guo S. Epigenetics: Novel crucial approach for osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231175364. [PMID: 37342486 PMCID: PMC10278427 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231175364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone has a robust regenerative potential, but its capacity to repair critical-sized bone defects is limited. In recent years, stem cells have attracted significant interest for their potential in tissue engineering. Applying mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for enhancing bone regeneration is a promising therapeutic strategy. However, maintaining optimal cell efficacy or viability of MSCs is limited by several factors. Epigenetic modification can cause changes in gene expression levels without changing its sequence, mainly including nucleic acids methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs. This modification is believed to be one of the determinants of MSCs fate and differentiation. Understanding the epigenetic modification of MSCs can improve the activity and function of stem cells. This review summarizes recent advances in the epigenetic mechanisms of MSCs differentiation into osteoblast lineages. We expound that epigenetic modification of MSCs can be harnessed to treat bone defects and promote bone regeneration, providing potential therapeutic targets for bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohua Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Si Wen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Meiqi Zhong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ziming Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shude Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Huizheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Dalian Friendship Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shu Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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4
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Wang X, Yu F, Ye L. Epigenetic control of mesenchymal stem cells orchestrates bone regeneration. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1126787. [PMID: 36950693 PMCID: PMC10025550 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1126787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed the vital role of MSCs in bone regeneration. In both self-healing bone regeneration processes and biomaterial-induced healing of bone defects beyond the critical size, MSCs show several functions, including osteogenic differentiation and thus providing seed cells. However, adverse factors such as drug intake and body senescence can significantly affect the functions of MSCs in bone regeneration. Currently, several modalities have been developed to regulate MSCs' phenotype and promote the bone regeneration process. Epigenetic regulation has received much attention because of its heritable nature. Indeed, epigenetic regulation of MSCs is involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of disorders of bone metabolism. Moreover, studies using epigenetic regulation to treat diseases are also being reported. At the same time, the effects of epigenetic regulation on MSCs are yet to be fully understood. This review focuses on recent advances in the effects of epigenetic regulation on osteogenic differentiation, proliferation, and cellular senescence in MSCs. We intend to illustrate how epigenetic regulation of MSCs orchestrates the process of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fanyuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Fanyuan Yu, ; Ling Ye,
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Fanyuan Yu, ; Ling Ye,
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5
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Ming P, Rao P, Wu T, Yang J, Lu S, Yang B, Xiao J, Tao G. Biomimetic Design and Fabrication of Sericin-Hydroxyapatite Based Membranes With Osteogenic Activity for Periodontal Tissue Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:899293. [PMID: 35662836 PMCID: PMC9160433 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.899293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The guided tissue regeneration (GTR) technique is a promising treatment for periodontal tissue defects. GTR membranes build a mechanical barrier to control the ingrowth of the gingival epithelium and provide appropriate space for the regeneration of periodontal tissues, particularly alveolar bone. However, the existing GTR membranes only serve as barriers and lack the biological activity to induce alveolar bone regeneration. In this study, sericin-hydroxyapatite (Ser-HAP) composite nanomaterials were fabricated using a biomimetic mineralization method with sericin as an organic template. The mineralized Ser-HAP showed excellent biocompatibility and promoted the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal membrane stem cells (hPDLSCs). Ser-HAP was combined with PVA using the freeze/thaw method to form PVA/Ser-HAP membranes. Further studies confirmed that PVA/Ser-HAP membranes do not affect the viability of hPDLSCs. Moreover, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red staining (ARS), and RT-qPCR detection revealed that PVA/Ser-HAP membranes induce the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs by activating the expression of osteoblast-related genes, including ALP, Runx2, OCN, and OPN. The unique GTR membrane based on Ser-HAP induces the differentiation of hPDLSCs into osteoblasts without additional inducers, demonstrating the excellent potential for periodontal regeneration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piaoye Ming
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Rao
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Tianli Wu
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianghua Yang
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shi Lu
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Binbin Yang
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingang Xiao
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jingang Xiao, ; Gang Tao,
| | - Gang Tao
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jingang Xiao, ; Gang Tao,
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6
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Wu T, Tang H, Yang J, Yao Z, Bai L, Xie Y, Li Q, Xiao J. METTL3-m 6 A methylase regulates the osteogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in osteoporotic rats via the Wnt signalling pathway. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13234. [PMID: 35470497 PMCID: PMC9136513 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) hold a high osteogenic differentiation potential, but the mechanisms that control the osteogenic ability of BMSCs from osteoporosis (OP-BMSCs) need further research. The purpose of this experiment is to discuss the osteogenic effect of Mettl3 on OP-BMSCs and explore new therapeutic target that can enhance the bone formation ability of OP-BMSCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS The bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) method was used to establish the SD rat OP model. Dot blots were used to reveal the different methylation levels of BMSCs and OP-BMSCs. Lentiviral-mediated overexpression of Mettl3 was applied in OP-BMSCs. QPCR and WB detected the molecular changes of osteogenic-related factors and Wnt signalling pathway in vitro experiment. The staining of calcium nodules and alkaline phosphatase detected the osteogenic ability of OP-BMSCs. Micro-CT and histological examination evaluated the osteogenesis of Mettl3 in OP rats in vivo. RESULTS The OP rat model was successfully established by OVX. Methylation levels and osteogenic potential of OP-BMSCs were decreased in OP-BMSCs. In vitro experiment, overexpression of Mettl3 could upregulate the osteogenic-related factors and activate the Wnt signalling pathway in OP-BMSCs. However, osteogenesis of OP-BMSCs was weakened by treatment with the canonical Wnt inhibitor Dickkopf-1. Micro-CT showed that the Mettl3(+) group had an increased amount of new bone formation at 8 weeks. Moreover, the results of histological staining were the same as the micro-CT results. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the methylation levels and osteogenic potential of OP-BMSCs were decreased in OP-BMSCs. In vitro and in vivo studies, overexpression of Mettl3 could partially rescue the decreased bone formation ability of OP-BMSCs by the canonical Wnt signalling pathway. Therefore, Mettl3 may be a key targeted gene for bone generation and therapy of bone defects in OP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Wu
- Department of Oral ImplantologyThe Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationThe Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Hui Tang
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationThe Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Jianghua Yang
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationThe Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical SciencesChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
| | - Zhihao Yao
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationThe Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Long Bai
- Department of Oral ImplantologyThe Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationThe Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Yuping Xie
- Department of Oral ImplantologyThe Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Qing Li
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationThe Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Jingang Xiao
- Department of Oral ImplantologyThe Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationThe Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
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7
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Chang Y, Syahirah R, Oprescu SN, Wang X, Jung J, Cooper SH, Torregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Hsu AY, Randolph LN, Sun Y, Kuang S, Broxmeyer HE, Deng Q, Lian X, Bao X. Chemically-defined generation of human hemogenic endothelium and definitive hematopoietic progenitor cells. Biomaterials 2022; 285:121569. [PMID: 35567999 PMCID: PMC10065832 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which arise from aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM), are widely used to treat blood diseases and cancers. However, a technique for their robust generation in vitro is still missing. Here we show temporal manipulation of Wnt signaling is sufficient and essential to induce AGM-like hematopoiesis from human pluripotent stem cells. TGFβ inhibition at the stage of aorta-like SOX17+CD235a- hemogenic endothelium yielded AGM-like hematopoietic progenitors, which closely resembled primary cord blood HSCs at the transcriptional level and contained diverse lineage-primed progenitor populations via single cell RNA-sequencing analysis. Notably, the resulting definitive cells presented lymphoid and myeloid potential in vitro; and could home to a definitive hematopoietic site in zebrafish and rescue bloodless zebrafish after transplantation. Engraftment and multilineage repopulating activities were also observed in mouse recipients. Together, our work provided a chemically-defined and feeder-free culture platform for scalable generation of AGM-like hematopoietic progenitor cells, leading to enhanced production of functional blood and immune cells for various therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chang
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Ramizah Syahirah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Stephanie N Oprescu
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Xuepeng Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Juhyung Jung
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Scott H Cooper
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | | | - Bennett D Elzey
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Alan Y Hsu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lauren N Randolph
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Biology, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yufei Sun
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Hal E Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Qing Deng
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Xiaojun Lian
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Biology, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Xiaoping Bao
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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8
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Ferroptosis - A new target of osteoporosis. Exp Gerontol 2022; 165:111836. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Melatonin and the Programming of Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041971. [PMID: 35216086 PMCID: PMC8879213 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin interacts with various types of stem cells, in multiple ways that comprise stimulation of proliferation, maintenance of stemness and self-renewal, protection of survival, and programming toward functionally different cell lineages. These various properties are frequently intertwined but may not be always jointly present. Melatonin typically stimulates proliferation and transition to the mature cell type. For all sufficiently studied stem or progenitor cells, melatonin’s signaling pathways leading to expression of respective morphogenetic factors are discussed. The focus of this article will be laid on the aspect of programming, particularly in pluripotent cells. This is especially but not exclusively the case in neural stem cells (NSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Concerning developmental bifurcations, decisions are not exclusively made by melatonin alone. In MSCs, melatonin promotes adipogenesis in a Wnt (Wingless-Integration-1)-independent mode, but chondrogenesis and osteogenesis Wnt-dependently. Melatonin upregulates Wnt, but not in the adipogenic lineage. This decision seems to depend on microenvironment and epigenetic memory. The decision for chondrogenesis instead of osteogenesis, both being Wnt-dependent, seems to involve fibroblast growth factor receptor 3. Stem cell-specific differences in melatonin and Wnt receptors, and contributions of transcription factors and noncoding RNAs are outlined, as well as possibilities and the medical importance of re-programming for transdifferentiation.
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10
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Peng S, Gao Y, Shi S, Zhao D, Cao H, Fu T, Cai X, Xiao J. LncRNA-AK137033 inhibits the osteogenic potential of adipose-derived stem cells in diabetic osteoporosis by regulating Wnt signaling pathway via DNA methylation. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13174. [PMID: 34953002 PMCID: PMC8780896 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bone tissue engineering based on adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) is expected to become a new treatment for diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) patients with bone defects. However, compared with control ASCs (CON-ASCs), osteogenic potential of DOP-ASCs is decreased, which increased the difficulty of bone reconstruction in DOP patients. Moreover, the cause of the poor osteogenesis of ASCs in a hyperglycemic microenvironment has not been elucidated. Therefore, this study explored the molecular mechanism of the decline in the osteogenic potential of DOP-ASCs from the perspective of epigenetics to provide a possible therapeutic target for bone repair in DOP patients with bone defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS An animal model of DOP was established in mice. CON-ASCs and DOP-ASCs were isolated from CON and DOP mice, respectively. AK137033 small interfering RNA (SiRNA) and an AK137033 overexpression plasmid were used to regulate the expression of AK137033 in CON-ASCs and DOP-ASCs in vitro. Lentiviruses that carried shRNA-AK137033 or AK137033 cDNA were used to knockdown or overexpress AK137033, respectively, in CON-ASCs and DOP-ASCs in vivo. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson's, alizarin red, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT), flow cytometry, qPCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence, and bisulfite-specific PCR (BSP) were used to analyze the functional changes of ASCs. RESULTS The DOP mouse model was established successfully. Compared with CON-ASCs, AK137033 expression, the DNA methylation level of the sFrp2 promoter region, Wnt signaling pathway markers, and the osteogenic differentiation potential were decreased in DOP-ASCs. In vitro experiments showed that AK137033 silencing inhibited the Wnt signaling pathway and osteogenic ability of CON-ASCs by reducing the DNA methylation level in the sFrp2 promoter region. Additionally, overexpression of AK137033 in DOP-ASCs rescued these changes caused by DOP. Moreover, the same results were obtained in vivo. CONCLUSIONS LncRNA-AK137033 inhibits the osteogenic potential of DOP-ASCs by regulating the Wnt signaling pathway via modulating the DNA methylation level in the sFrp2 promoter region. This study provides an important reference to find new targets for the treatment of bone defects in DOP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglin Peng
- Department of Oral ImplantologyThe Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- National Key Clinical SpecialtyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Yujin Gao
- Department of Oral ImplantologyThe Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Orofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration LaboratoryThe Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Sirong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Dan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Huayue Cao
- Department of Oral ImplantologyThe Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- National Key Clinical SpecialtyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Ting Fu
- Department of Oral ImplantologyThe Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- National Key Clinical SpecialtyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jingang Xiao
- Department of Oral ImplantologyThe Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- National Key Clinical SpecialtyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Orofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration LaboratoryThe Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
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11
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Xu Y, Ma J, Xu G, Ma D. Recent advances in the epigenetics of bone metabolism. J Bone Miner Metab 2021; 39:914-924. [PMID: 34250565 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-021-01249-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common form of metabolic bone disease that is costly to treat and is primarily diagnosed on the basis of bone mineral density. As the influences of genetic lesions and environmental factors are increasingly studied in the pathological development of osteoporosis, regulated epigenetics are emerging as the important pathogenesis mechanisms in osteoporosis. Recently, osteoporosis genome-wide association studies and multi-omics technologies have revealed that susceptibility loci and the misregulation of epigenetic modifiers are key factors in osteoporosis. Over the past decade, extensive studies have demonstrated epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone/chromatin modifications, and non-coding RNAs, as potential contributing factors in osteoporosis that affect disease initiation and progression. Herein, we review recent advances in epigenetics in osteoporosis, with a focus on exploring the underlying mechanisms and potential diagnostic/prognostic biomarker applications for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, ENT Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Spine Surgical Center, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 20000, China.
| | - Duan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Zhang M, Yang B, Peng S, Xiao J. Metformin Rescues the Impaired Osteogenesis Differentiation Ability of Rat Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in High Glucose by Activating Autophagy. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:1017-1027. [PMID: 34486387 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and morbidity of diabetes osteoporosis (DOP) are increasing with each passing year. Patients with DOP have a higher risk of bone fracture and poor healing of bone defects, which make a poor quality of their life. Bone tissue engineering based on autologous adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) transplantation develops as an effective technique to achieve tissue regeneration for patients with bone defects. With the purpose of promoting auto-ASCs transplantation, this research project explored the effect of metformin on the osteogenic differentiation of ASCs under a high-glucose culture environment. In this study, we found that 40 mM high glucose inhibited the physiological function of ASCs, including cell proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation. Indicators of osteogenic differentiation were all downregulated by 40 mM high glucose, including alkaline phosphatase activity, runt-related transcription factor 2, and osteopontin gene expression, and Wnt signaling pathway. At the same time, the cell autophagy makers BECLIN1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3 I/II) were decreased. While 0.1 mM metformin upregulated the expression of BECLIN1 and LC3 I/II gene and inhibited the expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and GSK3β, it contributed to reverse the osteogenesis inhibition of ASCs caused by high glucose. When 3-methyladenine was used to block the activity of metformin, metformin could not exert its protective effect on ASCs. All the findings elaborated the regulatory mechanism of metformin in the high-glucose microenvironment to protect the osteogenic differentiation ability of ASCs. Metformin plays an active role in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of ASCs with DOP, and it may contribute to the application of ASCs transplantation for bone regeneration in DOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maorui Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China.,Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China.,Division of Oral Health Sciences, Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuanglin Peng
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China.,Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingang Xiao
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China.,Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
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13
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Yu H, Li Y, Tang J, Lu X, Hu W, Cheng L. Long non-coding RNA RP11-84C13.1 promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells and alleviates osteoporosis progression via the miR-23b-3p/RUNX2 axis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1340. [PMID: 34630694 PMCID: PMC8495569 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine the role of RP11-84C13.1 in osteoporosis (OP) and its molecular mechanism. First, clinical samples were collected from OP patients and normal control patients. Human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) were extracted from femoral head tissues. Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and RP11-84C13.1 serum levels were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR. Following transfection of pcDNA-RP11-84C13.1, si-RP11-84C13.1, microRNA (miRNA)-23b-3p mimic and miRNA-23b-3p inhibitor, the expression levels of RUNX2 and RP11-84C13.1 were determined by RT-qPCR. In addition, the osteogenic ability of hBMSCs was assessed by Alizarin Red staining. The binding of RP11-84C13.1 to miRNA-23b-3p and the binding of miRNA-23b-3p to RUNX2 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) RP11-84C13.1 was significantly downregulated in the serum of OP patients. The osteogenic differentiation-related genes RUNX2 and RP11-84C13.1 were markedly upregulated in a time-dependent manner, while the miRNA-23b-3p level gradually decreased in hBMSCs with the prolongation of osteogenesis. RP11-84C13.1 knockdown inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. Furthermore, RP11-84C13.1 regulated RUNX2 expression by targeting miRNA-23b-3p. Overexpression of miRNA-23b-3p partially reversed the promoting effect of RP11-84C13.1 on the osteogenesis of hBMSCs. In conclusion, lncRNA RP11-84C13.1 upregulated RUNX2 by absorbing miRNA-23b-3p, and thus induced hBMSC osteogenesis to alleviate osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaixi Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223000, P.R. China
| | - Yunyun Li
- Department of Information Statistics Center, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223000, P.R. China
| | - Jinshan Tang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223000, P.R. China
| | - Wen Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223000, P.R. China
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14
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Wang W, Zhang B, Zhao L, Li M, Han Y, Wang L, Zhang Z, Li J, Zhou C, Liu L. Fabrication and properties of PLA/nano-HA composite scaffolds with balanced mechanical properties and biological functions for bone tissue engineering application. NANOTECHNOLOGY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/ntrev-2021-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Repair of critical bone defects is a challenge in the orthopedic clinic. 3D printing is an advanced personalized manufacturing technology that can accurately shape internal structures and external contours. In this study, the composite scaffolds of polylactic acid (PLA) and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) were manufactured by the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique. Equal mass PLA and n-HA were uniformly mixed to simulate the organic and inorganic phases of natural bone. The suitability of the composite scaffolds was evaluated by material characterization, mechanical property, and in vitro biocompatibility, and the osteogenesis induction in vitro was further tested. Finally, the printed scaffold was implanted into the rabbit femoral defect model to evaluate the osteogenic ability in vivo. The results showed that the composite scaffold had sufficient mechanical strength, appropriate pore size, and biocompatibility. Most importantly, the osteogenic induction performance of the composite scaffold was significantly better than that of the pure PLA scaffold. In conclusion, the PLA/n-HA scaffold is a promising composite biomaterial for bone defect repair and has excellent clinical transformation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhao Wang
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , China
| | - Boqing Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , China
| | - Mingxin Li
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , China
| | - Yanlong Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region , Urumqi 830001 , China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region , Urumqi 830001 , China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Jun Li
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , China
| | - Changchun Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Lei Liu
- Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , China
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