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Majeed A, Afzal H, Maqsood K, Noureen A, Gul Z, Imran M, Afzal A, Khawar MB. Using carbohydrate-based polymers to facilitate testicular regeneration. Biol Cell 2024; 116:e2400013. [PMID: 38881160 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202400013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Male infertility is a significant global issue affecting 60-80 million people, with 40%-50% of cases linked to male issues. Exposure to radiation, drugs, sickness, the environment, and oxidative stress may result in testicular degeneration. Carbohydrate-based polymers (CBPs) restore testis differentiation and downregulate apoptosis genes. CBP has biodegradability, low cost, and wide availability, but is at risk of contamination and variations. CBP shows promise in wound healing, but more research is required before implementation in healthcare. Herein, we discuss the recent advances in engineering applications of CBP employed as scaffolds, drug delivery systems, immunomodulation, and stem cell therapy for testicular regeneration. Moreover, we emphasize the promising challenges warranted for future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneeqa Majeed
- Applied Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Hanan Afzal
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences & Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kaleem Maqsood
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amara Noureen
- Applied Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Zaman Gul
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Center of Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Afzal
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences & Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Muhammad Babar Khawar
- Applied Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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2
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de Castro RCF, Buranello TW, Recchia K, de Souza AF, Pieri NCG, Bressan FF. Emerging Contributions of Pluripotent Stem Cells to Reproductive Technologies in Veterinary Medicine. J Dev Biol 2024; 12:14. [PMID: 38804434 PMCID: PMC11130827 DOI: 10.3390/jdb12020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The generation of mature gametes and competent embryos in vitro from pluripotent stem cells has been successfully achieved in a few species, mainly in mice, with recent advances in humans and scarce preliminary reports in other domestic species. These biotechnologies are very attractive as they facilitate the understanding of developmental mechanisms and stages that are generally inaccessible during early embryogenesis, thus enabling advanced reproductive technologies and contributing to the generation of animals of high genetic merit in a short period. Studies on the production of in vitro embryos in pigs and cattle are currently used as study models for humans since they present more similar characteristics when compared to rodents in both the initial embryo development and adult life. This review discusses the most relevant biotechnologies used in veterinary medicine, focusing on the generation of germ-cell-like cells in vitro through the acquisition of totipotent status and the production of embryos in vitro from pluripotent stem cells, thus highlighting the main uses of pluripotent stem cells in livestock species and reproductive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raiane Cristina Fratini de Castro
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 01001-010, SP, Brazil; (R.C.F.d.C.); (T.W.B.); (K.R.)
| | - Tiago William Buranello
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 01001-010, SP, Brazil; (R.C.F.d.C.); (T.W.B.); (K.R.)
| | - Kaiana Recchia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 01001-010, SP, Brazil; (R.C.F.d.C.); (T.W.B.); (K.R.)
| | - Aline Fernanda de Souza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Naira Caroline Godoy Pieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Fabiana Fernandes Bressan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 01001-010, SP, Brazil; (R.C.F.d.C.); (T.W.B.); (K.R.)
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil;
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Pranomphon T, Mahé C, Demattei MV, Papillier P, Vitorino Carvalho A, Reynaud K, Almiñana C, Bauersachs S, Parnpai R, Mermillod P, Saint-Dizier M. Characterization of oviduct epithelial spheroids for the study of embryo-maternal communication in cattle. Theriogenology 2024; 217:113-126. [PMID: 38271765 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Most in vitro models of oviduct epithelial cells (OEC) used thus far to gain insights into embryo-maternal communication induce cell dedifferentiation or are technically challenging. Moreover, although the presence of developing embryos has been shown to alter gene expression in OEC, the effect of embryos on OEC physiology remains largely unknown. Here, we propose a model based on bovine oviduct epithelial spheroids (OES) with specific shape and diameter (100-200 μm) criteria. The aims of this study were to i) determine the appropriate culture conditions of bovine OES cultured in suspension by evaluating their morphology, total cell number, viability, and activity of ciliated cells; ii) monitor gene expression in OES at the time of their formation (day 0) and over the 10 days of culture; and iii) test whether the vicinity of developing embryos affects OES quality criteria. On day 10, the proportions of vesicle-shaped OES (V-OES) were higher in M199/500 (500 μl of HEPES-buffered TCM-199) and synthetic oviduct fluid (SOF)/25 (25-μL droplet of SOF medium under mineral oil) than in M199/25 (25-μL droplet of M199 under mineral oil). The proportion of viable cells in V-OES was not affected by culture conditions and remained high (>80%) through day 10. The total number of cells per V-OES decreased over time except in SOF/25, while the proportions of ciliated cells increased over time in M199/500 but decreased in M199/25 and SOF/25. The movement amplitude of OES in suspension decreased over time under all culture conditions. Moreover, the gene expression of ANXA1, ESR1, HSPA8, and HSPA1A in OES remained stable during culture, while that of PGR and OVGP1 decreased from day 0 to day 10. Last, the co-culture of developing embryos with OES in SOF/25 increased the rates of blastocysts on days 7 and 8 compared to embryos cultured alone, and increased the proportion of V-OES compared to OES cultured alone. In conclusion, M199/500 and SOF/25 provided the optimal conditions for the long-time culture of OES. The supporting effect of OES on embryo development and of developing embryos on OES morphology was evidenced for the first time. Altogether, these results point OES as an easy-to-use, standardizable, and physiological model to study embryo-maternal interactions in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanya Pranomphon
- CNRS, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, Nouzilly, 37380, France; Embryo Technology and Stem Cell Research Center, School of Biotechnology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Coline Mahé
- CNRS, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, Nouzilly, 37380, France
| | | | | | | | - Karine Reynaud
- CNRS, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, Nouzilly, 37380, France
| | - Carmen Almiñana
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8315, Lindau (ZH), Switzerland
| | - Stefan Bauersachs
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8315, Lindau (ZH), Switzerland
| | - Rangsun Parnpai
- Embryo Technology and Stem Cell Research Center, School of Biotechnology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
| | | | - Marie Saint-Dizier
- CNRS, INRAE, University of Tours, PRC, Nouzilly, 37380, France; Tours University, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Tours, 37200, France.
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Chen B, Slocombe RF, Georgy SR. Advances in organoid technology for veterinary disease modeling. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1234628. [PMID: 37920327 PMCID: PMC10618422 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1234628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoids are in vitro organ-like structures that faithfully recapitulate many characteristics of a specific organ. During the past decades, major progress has been accomplished in establishing three-dimensional (3D) culture systems toward stem cell-derived organoids. As a significant technological breakthrough, these amazing 3D organoid constructs bridge the conventional 2D in vitro models and in vivo animal models and provide an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the complexities of veterinary diseases ranging from their pathogenesis to the prevention, therapy, or even future organ replacement strategies. In this review, we briefly discuss several definitions used in organoid research and highlight the currently known achievements in modeling veterinary diseases, including infectious and inflammatory diseases, cancers, and metabolic diseases. The applications of organoid technology in veterinary disease modeling are still in their infancy stage but the future is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Smitha Rose Georgy
- Section of Anatomic Pathology, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC, Australia
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Li X, Li ZH, Wang YX, Liu TH. A comprehensive review of human trophoblast fusion models: recent developments and challenges. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:372. [PMID: 37816723 PMCID: PMC10564767 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01670-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As an essential component of the maternal-fetal interface, the placental syncytiotrophoblast layer contributes to a successful pregnancy by secreting hormones necessary for pregnancy, transporting nutrients, mediating gas exchange, balancing immune tolerance, and resisting pathogen infection. Notably, the deficiency in mononuclear trophoblast cells fusing into multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, and stillbirth. Despite the availability of many models for the study of trophoblast fusion, there exists a notable disparity from the ideal model, limiting the deeper exploration into the placental development. Here, we reviewed the existing models employed for the investigation of human trophoblast fusion from several aspects, including the development history, latest progress, advantages, disadvantages, scope of application, and challenges. The literature searched covers the monolayer cell lines, primary human trophoblast, placental explants, human trophoblast stem cells, human pluripotent stem cells, three-dimensional cell spheres, organoids, and placenta-on-a-chip from 1938 to 2023. These diverse models have significantly enhanced our comprehension of placental development regulation and the underlying mechanisms of placental-related disorders. Through this review, our objective is to provide readers with a thorough understanding of the existing trophoblast fusion models, making it easier to select most suitable models to address specific experimental requirements or scientific inquiries. Establishment and application of the existing human placental trophoblast fusion models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
- The Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuo-Hang Li
- The Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, 400016, Chongqing, China
- Medical Laboratory Department, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Yaan, 625099, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying-Xiong Wang
- The Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, 400016, Chongqing, China.
| | - Tai-Hang Liu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China.
- The Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, 400016, Chongqing, China.
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Hansen PJ. Review: Some challenges and unrealized opportunities toward widespread use of the in vitro-produced embryo in cattle production. Animal 2023; 17 Suppl 1:100745. [PMID: 37567654 PMCID: PMC10659117 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The embryo produced by in vitro oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryonic development is an important resource for genetic improvement and has the potential to improve female fertility and to be programmed to produce offspring with superior ability for health and production. The cultured embryo is also an important component of several realized and potential technologies such as gene editing, somatic cell nuclear cloning, stem cell technologies and gamete generation in vitro. Full realization of the opportunities afforded by the in vitro-produced embryo will require overcoming some technical obstacles to cost-effective implementation of an embryo transfer program. Among the research goals for improving the penetration of embryo transfer in the cattle industry are development of methods to increase the supply of oocytes from genetically elite females, enhance the proportion of oocytes that become transferrable embryos, improve the fraction of embryos that establish pregnancy after transfer, reduce pregnancy wastage after pregnancy diagnosis, and identify culture conditions to optimize postnatal phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0910, USA.
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Generation and cryopreservation of feline oviductal organoids. Theriogenology 2023; 196:167-173. [PMID: 36423511 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Next-generation in vitro culture model systems are needed to study the reproductive pathologies that affect domestic animals. These 3D culture models more closely mimic normal physiological function to allow a greater understanding of reproductive pathology and to trial therapeutics without the welfare concerns and the increased time and cost associated with live animal research. Recent advances with in vitro cell culture systems utilizing human and laboratory animal tissues have been reported, but implementation of these technologies in veterinary species has been slower. Organoids are a physiologically representative 3D cell culture system that can be maintained long-term. By combining organoid culture with cryopreservation, a long-term, experimental model can be available for year-round application, thus bypassing seasonality and reproductive tract availability restrictions. Here we report the generation and cryopreservation of feline oviductal organoids for the first time. Optimal culture medium for the generation of feline oviductal organoids was established, and organoids were successfully cryopreserved using three different freezing media with organoids from each treatment demonstrating comparable viability, growth rate, and protein expression after thawing and culture. Feline oviductal organoids may facilitate an in vivo-like environment that, in conjunction with co-culture for in vitro maturation and in vitro fertilization, may positively influence in vitro gamete and embryo development, embryo quality, and pregnancy rates after embryo transfer in domestic and nondomestic felids. Furthermore, readily available cryopreserved feline oviductal organoids will facilitate this co-culture, which is of particular importance to endangered felid breeding programs where tissue and gamete samples are often opportunistically obtained with little or no notice.
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Akram Z, Mahjabeen I, Irshad F, Ahmed MW, Rehman S, Rizwan M, Shafqat A, Kiran A, Saeed A. Expression deregulation of matrix metalloproteinases and vasoconstriction related genes in Pakistani females with abnormal uterine bleeding. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:543. [PMID: 36564776 PMCID: PMC9784108 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-02132-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is irregular menstrual bleeding which has great impact on female health and life style. Various genetic factors are involved in etiology and pathology of AUB. Present study was designed to explore the association of PTGFR, MMP9, MMP2, TGFB3 and VEGFB with AUB. METHODS Blood samples of 212 females with AUB were collected along with age-matched healthy control. Expression variation of targeted genes was evaluated using qPCR. Present study cohort was divided into different groups based on demographic parameters and all targeted genes were correlated with study demographics. RESULTS Expression of targeted genes was significantly (P < 0.001) downregulated in females with AUB compared to control. Reduced (P < 0.01) expression of targeted genes was observed in all age groups (21-30, 31-40, 41-50 year) of AUB patients compared to respective control. Expression of VEGFB increased (P < 0.05) in AUB females with > 9 days bleeding compared to AUB patient had < 9 days bleeding. AUB women with miscarriage history showed upregulation in MMP2, TGFB3 (P < 0.05), and downregulation in MMP9 and VEGFB (P < 0.05) expression compared to AUB group with no miscarriage history. Expression of MMP2 increased (P < 0.05) in AUB females with > 60 kg body weigh compared to AUB patient with < 60 kg weight. CONCLUSION Present study open a new window for diagnosis of AUB at early stages and suggested a possible involvement of PTGFR, MMP9, MMP2, TGFB3 and VEGFB as candidate biomarkers in AUB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zertashia Akram
- grid.418920.60000 0004 0607 0704Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Mahjabeen
- grid.418920.60000 0004 0607 0704Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Irshad
- grid.418920.60000 0004 0607 0704Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Malik Waqar Ahmed
- grid.418920.60000 0004 0607 0704Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Rehman
- grid.418920.60000 0004 0607 0704Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- grid.418920.60000 0004 0607 0704Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Shafqat
- grid.418920.60000 0004 0607 0704Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aniqa Kiran
- grid.418920.60000 0004 0607 0704Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma Saeed
- grid.418920.60000 0004 0607 0704Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Lab, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Development and Survival of Human Ovarian Cells in Chitosan Hydrogel Micro-Bioreactor. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58111565. [DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: To test the long-term ability of human ovarian cortex cells to develop in unconventional culture conditions. Materials and Methods. Ovarian cortex cells from fetuses aged 23 to 39 weeks gestation were cultured for 90 days in hollow chitosan hydrogel micro-bioreactors and concurrently in traditional wells. Various cell-type counts were considered. Results: With intact follicles as a denominator, the percentage of growing intact follicles at Day 0 varied widely between ovaries (0 to 31.7%). This percentage tended to increase or stay relatively constant in bioreactor as in control cultures; it tended more toward an increase over time in bioreactor vs. control cultures. Modeled percentages showed differences (though not significant) in favor of bioreactor cultures (16.12% difference at D50 but only 0.12% difference at D90). With all follicles present as a denominator, the percentage of growing primary and secondary follicles at D0 varied widely between ovaries (0 to 29.3%). This percentage tended to increase over time in bioreactor cultures but to decrease in control cultures. Modeled percentages showed significant differences in favor of bioreactor cultures (8.9% difference at D50 and 11.1% difference at D90). At D50 and D90, there were only few and sparse apoptotic cells in bioreactor cultures vs. no apoptotic cells in control cultures. Conclusions: Over three months, bioreactor folliculogenesis outperformed slightly traditional culture. This is an interesting perspective for follicle preservation and long-term toxicological studies.
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Cortez J, Leiva B, Torres CG, Parraguez VH, De los Reyes M, Carrasco A, Peralta OA. Generation and Characterization of Bovine Testicular Organoids Derived from Primary Somatic Cell Populations. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172283. [PMID: 36078004 PMCID: PMC9455065 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Organoids are 3D-culture systems composed of tissue-specific primary cells that self-organize and self-renew, creating structures similar to those of their tissue of origin. Testicular organoids (TOs) may recreate conditions of the testicular niche in domestic and wild cattle; however, no previous TO studies have been reported in the bovine species. Thus, in the present study, we sought to generate and characterize bovine TOs derived from primary testicular cell populations including Leydig, Sertoli and peritubular myoid cells. Testicular cells were isolated from bovine testes and cultured in ultra-low attachment (ULA) plates and Matrigel. TOs were cultured in media supplemented from day 3 with 100 ng/mL of BMP4 and 10 ng/mL of FGF2 and from day 7 with 15 ng/mL of GDNF. Testicular cells were able to generate TOs after 3 days of culture. The cells positive for STAR (Leydig) and COL1A (peritubular myoid) decreased (p < 0.05), whereas cells positive for WT1 (Sertoli) increased (p < 0.05) in TOs during a 28-day culture period. The levels of testosterone in media increased (p < 0.05) at day 28 of culture. Thus, testicular cells isolated from bovine testes were able to generate TOs under in vitro conditions. These bovine TOs have steroidogenic activity characterized by the production of testosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahaira Cortez
- Department of Animal Production Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago 8820808, Chile
- Doctorate Program of Forestry, Agriculture, and Veterinary Sciences (DCSAV), University of Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, Santiago 8820808, Chile
| | - Barbara Leiva
- Department of Animal Production Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago 8820808, Chile
| | - Cristian G. Torres
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago 8820808, Chile
| | - Víctor H. Parraguez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago 8820808, Chile
| | - Mónica De los Reyes
- Department of Animal Production Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago 8820808, Chile
| | - Albert Carrasco
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - Oscar A. Peralta
- Department of Animal Production Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago 8820808, Chile
- Correspondence:
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Thompson RE, Meyers MA, Veeramachaneni DNR, Pukazhenthi BS, Hollinshead FK. Equine Oviductal Organoid Generation and Cryopreservation. Methods Protoc 2022; 5:mps5030051. [PMID: 35736552 PMCID: PMC9230449 DOI: 10.3390/mps5030051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Organoids are a type of three-dimensional (3D) cell culture that more closely mimic the in vivo environment and can be maintained in the long term. To date, oviductal organoids have only been reported in laboratory mice, women, and cattle. Equine oviductal organoids were generated and cultured for 42 days (including 3 passages and freeze-thawing at passage 1). Consistent with the reports in mouse and human oviductal organoids, the equine oviductal organoids revealed round cell clusters with a central lumen. Developing a 3D model of the mare oviduct may allow for an increased understanding of their normal physiology, including hormonal regulation. These organoids may provide an environment that mimics the in vivo equine oviduct and facilitate improved in vitro embryo production in equids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley E. Thompson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (M.A.M.); (F.K.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mindy A. Meyers
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (M.A.M.); (F.K.H.)
| | | | - Budhan S. Pukazhenthi
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA;
| | - Fiona K. Hollinshead
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (M.A.M.); (F.K.H.)
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12
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Li LH, Shi G, Pan JB, Wang CH, Zhao M, Zhang XP. The expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor in thin endometrial tissue and their significance. Gynecol Endocrinol 2022; 38:516-522. [PMID: 35426338 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2022.2053957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR) in thin endometrium. METHODS Patients who received treatment in our hospital between January 2018 and September 2020 were enrolled. Endometrial thickness was measured using transvaginal ultrasound; in patients with a midluteal phase endometrial thickness of <7 mm, a sample of endometrial tissue was obtained using a hysteroscope, and the MMP-9, ER, and PR expressions were detected using immunohistochemistry. In addition, the number of endometrial glands was calculated in a complete field of view under a low-power (100×) microscope, and the serum estrogen and progesterone levels were determined. Following hormone therapy, the midluteal phase endometrial thickness was measured again using transvaginal ultrasound, and the patients were divided into two groups: the thin endometrium group and the normal endometrium group (n = 50, each). Patients in the thin endometrium group had an endometrial thickness of <7 mm, while patients in the normal endometrium group had an endometrial thickness of 7-10 mm. RESULTS The number of endometrial glands as well as the ER and MMP-9 expressions were lower in the thin endometrium group than in the normal endometrium group; the differences were statistically significant (p < .05). The receiver operator characteristic curve revealed that ER and MMP-9 had a high prediction accuracy in patients with refractory thin endometrium, while the number of endometrial glands was moderately predictive. CONCLUSION Compared with other patients with thin endometrium, patients with refractory thin endometrium had a reduced the number of endometrial glands and significantly lower ER and MMP-9 expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hong Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Children's Hospital of Shanxi and Women Health Center of Shanxi, Taiyuan, China
| | - Gang Shi
- Department of Gynaecology, Hwaseo Maternity and Children's Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-Bing Pan
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Shanxi and Women Health Center of Shanxi, Taiyuan, China
| | - Cai-Hong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Shanxi and Women Health Center of Shanxi, Taiyuan, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Children's Hospital of Shanxi and Women Health Center of Shanxi, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, Hwaseo Maternity and Children's Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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13
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Wang HQ, Wang T, Gao F, Ren WZ. Application of CRISPR/Cas Technology in Spermatogenesis Research and Male Infertility Treatment. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13061000. [PMID: 35741761 PMCID: PMC9223233 DOI: 10.3390/genes13061000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
As the basis of animal reproductive activity, normal spermatogenesis directly determines the efficiency of livestock production. An in-depth understanding of spermatogenesis will greatly facilitate animal breeding efforts and male infertility treatment. With the continuous development and application of gene editing technologies, they have become valuable tools to study the mechanism of spermatogenesis. Gene editing technologies have provided us with a better understanding of the functions and potential mechanisms of action of factors that regulate spermatogenesis. This review summarizes the applications of gene editing technologies, especially CRISPR/Cas9, in deepening our understanding of the function of spermatogenesis-related genes and disease treatment. The problems of gene editing technologies in the field of spermatogenesis research are also discussed.
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Kawasaki M, Goyama T, Tachibana Y, Nagao I, Ambrosini YM. Farm and Companion Animal Organoid Models in Translational Research: A Powerful Tool to Bridge the Gap Between Mice and Humans. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 4:895379. [PMID: 35647577 PMCID: PMC9133531 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2022.895379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal organoid models derived from farm and companion animals have great potential to contribute to human health as a One Health initiative, which recognize a close inter-relationship among humans, animals and their shared environment and adopt multi-and trans-disciplinary approaches to optimize health outcomes. With recent advances in organoid technology, studies on farm and companion animal organoids have gained more attention in various fields including veterinary medicine, translational medicine and biomedical research. Not only is this because three-dimensional organoids possess unique characteristics from traditional two-dimensional cell cultures including their self-organizing and self-renewing properties and high structural and functional similarities to the originating tissue, but also because relative to conventional genetically modified or artificially induced murine models, companion animal organoids can provide an excellent model for spontaneously occurring diseases which resemble human diseases. These features of companion animal organoids offer a paradigm-shifting approach in biomedical research and improve translatability of in vitro studies to subsequent in vivo studies with spontaneously diseased animals while reducing the use of conventional animal models prior to human clinical trials. Farm animal organoids also could play an important role in investigations of the pathophysiology of zoonotic and reproductive diseases by contributing to public health and improving agricultural production. Here, we discuss a brief history of organoids and the most recent updates on farm and companion animal organoids, followed by discussion on their potential in public health, food security, and comparative medicine as One Health initiatives. We highlight recent evolution in the culturing of organoids and their integration with organ-on-a-chip systems to overcome current limitations in in vitro studies. We envision multidisciplinary work integrating organoid culture and organ-on-a-chip technology can contribute to improving both human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minae Kawasaki
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Takashi Goyama
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Yurika Tachibana
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Itsuma Nagao
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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15
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Duarte-da-Fonseca Dias S, Palmeira-de-Oliveira A, Rolo J, Gomes-Ruivo P, Hélio Oliani A, Palmeira-de-Oliveira R, Martinez-de-Oliveira J, Pinto-de-Andrade L. Parameters influencing the maturation of bovine oocyte: a review. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/an21380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Matsuzaki S. Mechanobiology of the female reproductive system. Reprod Med Biol 2021; 20:371-401. [PMID: 34646066 PMCID: PMC8499606 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanobiology in the field of human female reproduction has been extremely challenging technically and ethically. METHODS The present review provides the current knowledge on mechanobiology of the female reproductive system. This review focuses on the early phases of reproduction from oocyte development to early embryonic development, with an emphasis on current progress. MAIN FINDINGS RESULTS Optimal, well-controlled mechanical cues are required for female reproductive system physiology. Many important questions remain unanswered; whether and how mechanical imbalances among the embryo, decidua, and uterine muscle contractions affect early human embryonic development, whether the biomechanical properties of oocytes/embryos are potential biomarkers for selecting high-quality oocytes/embryos, whether mechanical properties differ between the two major compartments of the ovary (cortex and medulla) in normally ovulating human ovaries, whether durotaxis is involved in several processes in addition to embryonic development. Progress in mechanobiology is dependent on development of technologies that enable precise physical measurements. CONCLUSION More studies are needed to understand the roles of forces and changes in the mechanical properties of female reproductive system physiology. Recent and future technological advancements in mechanobiology research will help us understand the role of mechanical forces in female reproductive system disorders/diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Matsuzaki
- CHU Clermont‐FerrandChirurgie GynécologiqueClermont‐FerrandFrance
- Université Clermont AuvergneInstitut Pascal, UMR6602, CNRS/UCA/SIGMAClermont‐FerrandFrance
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17
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Sang Y, Miller LC, Nelli RK, Giménez-Lirola LG. Harness Organoid Models for Virological Studies in Animals: A Cross-Species Perspective. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:725074. [PMID: 34603253 PMCID: PMC8481363 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.725074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models and cell culture in vitro are primarily used in virus and antiviral immune research. Whereas the limitation of these models to recapitulate the viral pathogenesis in humans has been made well aware, it is imperative to introduce more efficient systems to validate emerging viruses in both domestic and wild animals. Organoids ascribe to representative miniatures of organs (i.e., mini-organs), which are derived from three-dimensional culture of stem cells under respective differential conditions mimicking endogenous organogenetic niches. Organoids have broadened virological studies in the human context, particularly in recent uses for COVID19 research. This review examines the status and potential for cross-species applied organotypic culture in validating emerging animal, particularly zoonotic, viruses in domestic and wild animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Sang
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Laura C Miller
- Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Rahul K Nelli
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Luis Gabriel Giménez-Lirola
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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