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Zhao P, Tian Y, Geng Y, Zeng C, Ma X, Kang J, Lu L, Zhang X, Tang B, Geng F. Aconitine and its derivatives: bioactivities, structure-activity relationships and preliminary molecular mechanisms. Front Chem 2024; 12:1339364. [PMID: 38318112 PMCID: PMC10839071 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1339364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Aconitine (AC), which is the primary bioactive diterpene alkaloid derived from Aconitum L plants, have attracted considerable interest due to its unique structural feature. Additionally, AC demonstrates a range of biological activities, such as its ability to enhance cardiac function, inhibit tumor growth, reduce inflammation, and provide analgesic effects. However, the structure-activity relationships of AC are remain unclear. A clear understanding of these relationships is indeed critical in developing effective biomedical applications with AC. In line with these challenges, this paper summarized the structural characteristics of AC and relevant functional and bioactive properties and the structure-activity relationships presented in biomedical applications. The primary temporal scope of this review was established as the period spanning from 2010 to 2023. Subsequently, the objective of this review was to provide a comprehensive understanding of the specific action mechanism of AC, while also exploring potential novel applications of AC derivatives in the biomedical field, drawing upon their structural characteristics. In conclusion, this review has provided a comprehensive analysis of the challenges and prospects associated with AC in the elucidation of structure-bioactivity relationships. Furthermore, the importance of exploring modern biotechnology approaches to enhance the potential biomedical applications of AC has been emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Zhao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Guizhou Yunfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, China
| | - Yuefei Geng
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenjuan Zeng
- Guizhou Yunfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, China
| | - Xiuying Ma
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Kang
- Guizhou Yunfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Animals, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Sichuan Good Doctor Pharmaceutical Group, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Tang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Animals, Chengdu, China
| | - Funeng Geng
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Jia J, Chen J, Wang G, Li M, Zheng Q, Li D. Progress of research into the pharmacological effect and clinical application of the traditional Chinese medicine Rehmanniae Radix. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115809. [PMID: 37907043 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Rehmanniae Radix (RR) refers to the fresh or dried root tuber of the plant Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch of the family Scrophulariaceae. As a traditional Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), it possesses multiple effects, including analgesia, sedation, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, anti-tumor, immunomodulation, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular regulation, and nerve damage repair, and it has been widely used in clinical practice. In recent years, scientists have extensively studied the active components and pharmacological effects of RR. Active ingredients mainly include iridoid glycosides (such as catalpol and aucuboside), phenylpropanoid glycosides (such as acteoside), other saccharides, and unsaturated fatty acids. In addition, the Chinese patent medicine (CPM) and Chinese decoction related to RR have also become major research subjects for TCM practitioners; one example is the Bolus of Six Drugs, which includes Rehmannia, Lily Bulb and Rehmannia Decoction, and Siwu Decoction. This article reviews recent literature on RR; summarizes the studies on its chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, and clinical applications; and analyzes the progress and limitations of current investigations to provide reference for further exploration and development of RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhao Jia
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jianfei Chen
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Guoli Wang
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Minjing Li
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003 Xinjiang, PR China.
| | - Defang Li
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003 Xinjiang, PR China.
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Guo Y, Gan H, Xu S, Zeng G, Xiao L, Ding Z, Zhu J, Xiong X, Fu Z. Deciphering the Mechanism of Xijiao Dihuang Decoction in Treating Psoriasis by Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:2805-2819. [PMID: 37719360 PMCID: PMC10504908 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s417954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to confirm the efficacy of Xijiao Dihuang decoction (XJDHT), a classic prescription, in treating psoriasis and to explore the potential therapeutic mechanism. Methods For pharmacodynamic analysis, a mouse model of imiquimod cream (IMQ)-induced psoriasis was constructed. Active ingredients and genes of XJDHT, as well as psoriasis-related targets, were obtained from public databases. Intersecting genes (IGEs) of XJDHT and psoriasis were collected by Venn Diagram. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of IGEs is constructed through the STRING database. The Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) and Cytohubba plug-ins of Cytoscape software were used to identified hub genes. In addition, we conducted enrichment analysis of IGEs using the R package clusterProfiler. Hub genes were validated via external GEO databases. The influence of XJDHT on Hub gene expression was examined by qPCR and ELISA, and molecular docking was used to evaluate the binding efficacy between active ingredients and hub genes. Results The results revealed that XJDHT possesses 92 potential genes for psoriasis, and 8 Hub genes were screened. Enrichment analysis suggested that XJDHT ameliorate psoriasis through multiple pathways, including AGE-RAGE, HIF-1, IL-17 and TNF signaling pathway. Validation data confirmed the differential expression of IL6, VEGFA, TNF, MMP9, STAT3, and TLR4. Molecular docking revealed a strong affinity between active ingredients and Hub genes. The efficacy of XJDHT in improving psoriatic lesions in model mice was demonstrated by PASI score and HE staining, potentially attributed to the down-regulation of VEGFA, MMP9, STAT3, TNF, and IL-17A, as evidenced by ELISA and qPCR. Conclusion This study employed network pharmacology and in vitro experiments to identify the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of XJDHT on psoriasis, providing a new theoretical basis for its clinical application in the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Dermatology Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiqun Gan
- Department of Pharmacy, Dermatology Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shigui Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Dermatology Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guosheng Zeng
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Skin Diseases, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Xiao
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Skin Diseases, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Ding
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Skin Diseases, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Candidate Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Skin Diseases, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinglong Xiong
- Candidate Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Skin Diseases, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Dermatology Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
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Li S, Tian Z, Xian X, Yan C, Li Q, Li N, Xu X, Hou X, Zhang X, Yang Y, Xue S, Ma S, Cui S, Sun L, Yao X. Catalpol rescues cognitive deficits by attenuating amyloid β plaques and neuroinflammation. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115026. [PMID: 37336148 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study sought to investigate the anti-amyloid β (Aβ) and anti-neuroinflammatory effects of catalpol in an Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model. METHODS The effects of catalpol on Aβ formation were investigated by thioflavin T assay. The effect of catalpol on generating inflammatory cytokines from microglial cells and the cytotoxicity of microglial cells on HT22 hippocampal cells were assessed by real-time quantitative PCR, ELISA, redox reactions, and cell viability. APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice were treated with catalpol, and their cognitive ability was investigated using the water maze and novel object recognition tests. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to probe for protein markers of microglia and astrocyte, Aβ deposits, and NF-κB pathway activity. Aβ peptides, neuroinflammation, and nitric oxide production were examined using ELISA and redox reactions. RESULTS Catalpol potently inhibited Aβ fibril and oligomer formation. In microglial cells stimulated by Aβ, catalpol alleviated the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) but promoted the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Catalpol alleviated the cytotoxic effects of Aβ-exposed microglia on HT22 cells. Treatment with catalpol in APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice downregulated neuroinflammation production, decreased Aβ deposits in the brains and alleviated cognitive impairment. Catalpol treatment decreased the number of IBA-positive microglia and GFAP-positive astrocytes and their activities of the NF-κB pathway in the hippocampus of APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice. CONCLUSION The administration of catalpol protected neurons by preventing neuroinflammation and Aβ deposits in an AD mouse model. Therefore, catalpol may be a promising strategy for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Li
- Department of Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ziqi Tian
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, College of Integrative Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaohui Xian
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Cuihuan Yan
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, College of Integrative Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, College of Integrative Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Nan Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, College of Integrative Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaokang Xu
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaojie Hou
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, College of Integrative Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yinan Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, College of Integrative Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Sisi Xue
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, College of Integrative Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shengkai Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, College of Integrative Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuanlong Cui
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, College of Integrative Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lijun Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Xiaoguang Yao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, College of Integrative Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Song T, Hao Y, Wang M, Li T, Zhao C, Li J, Hou Y. Sophoridine manifests as a leading compound for anti-arrhythmia with multiple ion-channel blocking effects. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 112:154688. [PMID: 36738478 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sophoridine (SR) has shown the potential to be an antiarrhythmic agent. However, SR's electrophysiological properties and druggability research are relatively inadequate, which limits the development of SR as an antiarrhythmic candidate. PURPOSE To facilitate the development process of SR as an antiarrhythmic candidate, we performed integrated studies on the electrophysiological properties of SR in vitro and ex vivo to gain more comprehensive insights into the multi-ion channel blocking effects of SR, which provided the foundation for the further drugability studies in antiarrhythmic and safety studies. Firstly, SR's electrophysiological properties and antiarrhythmic potentials were recorded and assessed at the cell and tissue levels by comprehensively integrating the patch clamp with the Electrical and Optical Mapping systems. Subsequently, the antiarrhythmic effects of SR were validated by aconitine and ouabain-induced arrhythmia in vivo. Finally, the safety of SR as an antiarrhythmic candidate compound was evaluated based on the guidelines of the Comprehensive in Vitro Proarrhythmia Assay (CiPA). STUDY DESIGN The antiarrhythmic effect of SR was evaluated at the in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo levels. METHODS Isolated primary cardiomyocytes and stable cell lines were prepared to explore the electrophysiologic properties of being a multiple ion-channel blocker in vitro by whole-cell patch clamp. Using electrical and optical mapping, the negative chronotropic effect of SR was determined in langendorff-perfused rat or guinea-pig hearts.The antiarrhythmic activity of SR was assessed by the ex vivo tachyarrhythmia models induced by left coronary artery ligation (LCAL) and isoproterenol (ISO). Canonical models of aconitine and ouabain-induced arrhythmia were used to verify the antiarrhythmic effects in vivo. Finally, the pro-arrhythmic risk of SR was detected in Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes (hSCCMs) using a Microelectrode array (MEA). RESULTS Single-cell patch assay validated the multiple ion-channel blockers of SR in transient outward current potassium currents (Ito), l-type calcium currents (ICa-l), and rapid activation delayed rectifier potassium currents (IKr). SR ex vivo depressed heart rates (HR) and ventricular conduction velocity (CV) and prolonged Q-T intervals in a concentration-dependent manner. Consistent with the changes in HRs, SR extended the active time of hearts and increased the action potential duration measured at 90% repolarization (APD90). SR could also significantly lengthen the onset time and curtail the duration of spontaneous ventricular tachycardia (VT) in the ex vivo arrhythmic model induced by LCAL. Meanwhile, SR could also significantly upregulate the programmed electrical stimulation (PES) frequency after the ISO challenge in forming electrical alternans and re-entrant excitation. Furthermore, SR exerted antiarrhythmic effects in the tachyarrhythmia models induced by aconitine and ouabain in vivo. Notably, the pro-arrhythmic risk of SR was shallow for a moderate inhibition of the human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) channel. Moreover, SR prolonged field potential duration (FPDc) of hSCCMs in a concentration-dependent manner without early after depolarization (EAD) and arrhythmia occurrence. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that SR manifested as a multiple ion-channel blocker in the electrophysiological properties and exerts antiarrhythmic effects ex vivo and in vivo. Meanwhile, due to the low pro-arrhythmic risk in the hERG inhibition assay and the induction of EAD, SR has great potential as a leading candidate in the treatment of ventricular tachyarrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Song
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hao
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; New Drug Evaluation Center, Shijiazhuang Yiling Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Mingye Wang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Tongtong Li
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Chi Zhao
- Hebei Medical University, No. 361, East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, No.16, the North of Tangu street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050031, China
| | - Yunlong Hou
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; New Drug Evaluation Center, Shijiazhuang Yiling Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; Shijiazhuang Compound Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Innovation Center, Shijiazhuang 050035, China.
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Bhattamisra SK, Koh HM, Lim SY, Choudhury H, Pandey M. Molecular and Biochemical Pathways of Catalpol in Alleviating Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020323. [PMID: 33672590 PMCID: PMC7924042 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Catalpol isolated from Rehmannia glutinosa is a potent antioxidant and investigated against many disorders. This review appraises the key molecular pathways of catalpol against diabetes mellitus and its complications. Multiple search engines including Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct were used to retrieve publications containing the keywords “Catalpol”, “Type 1 diabetes mellitus”, “Type 2 diabetes mellitus”, and “diabetic complications”. Catalpol promotes IRS-1/PI3K/AKT/GLUT2 activity and suppresses Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and Glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase) expression in the liver. Catalpol induces myogenesis by increasing MyoD/MyoG/MHC expression and improves mitochondria function through the AMPK/PGC-1α/PPAR-γ and TFAM signaling in skeletal muscles. Catalpol downregulates the pro-inflammatory markers and upregulates the anti-inflammatory markers in adipose tissues. Catalpol exerts antioxidant properties through increasing superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), and glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px) activity in the pancreas and liver. Catalpol has been shown to have anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, and anti-fibrosis properties that in turn bring beneficial effects in diabetic complications. Its nephroprotective effect is related to the modulation of the AGE/RAGE/NF-κB and TGF-β/smad2/3 pathways. Catalpol produces a neuroprotective effect by increasing the expression of protein Kinase-C (PKC) and Cav-1. Furthermore, catalpol exhibits a cardioprotective effect through the apelin/APJ and ROS/NF-κB/Neat1 pathway. Catalpol stimulates proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast cells in high glucose condition. Lastly, catalpol shows its potential in preventing neurodegeneration in the retina with NF-κB downregulation. Overall, catalpol exhibits numerous beneficial effects on diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrat Kumar Bhattamisra
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +60-3-2731-7310; Fax: +60-3-8656-7229
| | - Hui Min Koh
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (H.M.K.); (S.Y.L.)
| | - Shin Yean Lim
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (H.M.K.); (S.Y.L.)
| | - Hira Choudhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (H.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Manisha Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (H.C.); (M.P.)
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Dai D, Wu H, He C, Wang X, Luo Y, Song P. Evidence and potential mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J DERMATOL TREAT 2020; 33:671-681. [PMID: 32610023 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1789048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Dai
- Department of Dermatology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haoran Wu
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyan He
- Department of Dermatology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmiao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Song
- Department of Dermatology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing China
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