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Mekky AE, Saied E, Abdelmouty ES, Haggag MI, Khedr M, Khalel AF, Al-Habibi MM, Metwally SA, El Askary A, Mohammad AM, Alshehri WA, Sharahili AI, Khairy NM, Abdelaziz AEM, Mahmoud NN. Phytochemical Analysis of Centaurea calcitrapa L. Aerial Flowering Parts Serial Solvent Extracts and Its Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:900. [PMID: 39063653 PMCID: PMC11278314 DOI: 10.3390/life14070900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the phytochemical composition, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity of successive extracts of Centaurea calcitrapa L. (C. calcitrapa) aerial flowering parts, they were assessed in vitro. Using a spectrophotometer, the sample absorbance at 517 nm was used to quantify the scavenging activity. The negative control was DPPH. In the current study, the diffusion using agar wells technique was adapted to measure antimicrobial activity. Phytochemical analysis was performed using the recommended standard procedures. The methanol extract of C. calcitrapa exhibited high levels of total phenolic acids expressed as gallic acid (GA), measured as (97.25 ± 0.73 mg GAE/g) content compared to the chloroform, acetyl acetate, and aqueous extracts (27.42 ± 0.29, 64.25 ± 0.96, and 17.25 ± 0.73 mg GAE/g), respectively. Additionally, the methanol extract had a higher total tannin (27.52 ± 0.53 mg TAE/g) content compared to the chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts (12.02 ± 0.55, 26.01 ± 0.81, and 7.35 ± 0.56 mg TAE/g), respectively, while the aqueous extract contains a lower percentage of flavonoids (141.10 ± 1.31 mg RTE/g) compared to the higher content achieved by the methanol extract (425.93 ± 1.27 mg RTE/g). The hydroxyl groups of the flavonoid and the phenolic compounds found in C. calcitrapa are essentially scavenging free radicals. Radical scavenging activity was highest in the methanol extract (IC50 = 2.82 μg/mL), aqueous extract (IC50 = 8.03 μg/mL), ethyl acetate extract (IC50 = 4.79 μg/mL), and chloroform extract (IC50 = 6.33 μg/mL), as compared to the standard scavenging activity (IC50 = 2.52 μg/mL). The antibacterial properties of C. calcitrapa against Gram-negative bacterial strains Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Acinetobacter baumanii, in addition to Gram-positive strains Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus, revealed inhibition zone diameter. The findings of this investigation establish that the aerial flowering parts of C. calcitrapa have substantial antibacterial action against human infections, and the plant can serve as a significant antioxidant that can be employed to prevent and treat severe degenerative diseases brought on by oxidative stress. qPCR showed that C. calcitrapa extracts elevate both SOD1 and SOD2 (cellular oxidation markers) with remarkable folds (1.8-fold for SOD1 and SOD2) with ethyl acetate plant extract against ascorbic acid as a control. This result reflects that C. calcitrapa extracts have remarkable antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alsayed E. Mekky
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (E.S.); (E.S.A.); (M.I.H.); (M.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Ebrahim Saied
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (E.S.); (E.S.A.); (M.I.H.); (M.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Eslam S. Abdelmouty
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (E.S.); (E.S.A.); (M.I.H.); (M.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Muhammad I. Haggag
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (E.S.); (E.S.A.); (M.I.H.); (M.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Mohamed Khedr
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (E.S.); (E.S.A.); (M.I.H.); (M.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Ashjan F. Khalel
- Biology Department, Al-Darb University College, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (A.F.K.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Mahmoud M. Al-Habibi
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt;
| | - Shimaa A. Metwally
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt;
| | - Ahmad El Askary
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abeer Mahmoud Mohammad
- Biology Department, Al-Darb University College, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (A.F.K.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Wafa A. Alshehri
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23890, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed I. Sharahili
- Department of Clinical Laboratories, Medical Biochemistry Unit, Najran General Hospital, Najran 66277, Saudi Arabia;
- Ministry of Health, Riyadh 12613, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nehal M. Khairy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Egypt Drug Authority (EDA), (Formerly NODCAR), Giza 12654, Egypt;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University—East Kantara Branch, Ismailia 41636, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E. M. Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Port-Said University, 23 December Street, P.O. Box 42522, Port-Said 42522, Egypt;
| | - Nashaat N. Mahmoud
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (E.S.); (E.S.A.); (M.I.H.); (M.K.); (N.N.M.)
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Ismail S, Masi M, Gaglione R, Arciello A, Cimmino A. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of specialized metabolites isolated from Centaurea hyalolepis. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16973. [PMID: 38560449 PMCID: PMC10979744 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of plant-derived compounds that are able to combat antibiotic-resistant pathogens is an urgent demand. Over years, Centaurea hyalolepis attracted considerable attention because of its beneficial medical properties. Phytochemical analyses revealed that Centaurea plant species contain several metabolites, such as sesquiterpene lactones (STLs), essential oils, flavonoids, alkaloids, and lignans.The organic extract of C. hyalolepis plant, collected in Palestine, showed significant antimicrobial properties towards a panel of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains when the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values were evaluated by broth microdilution assays. A bio-guided fractionation of the active extract via multiple steps of column and thin layer chromatography allowed us to obtain three main compounds. The isolated metabolites were identified as the STLs cnicin, 11β,13-dihydrosalonitenolide and salonitenolide by spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses. Cnicin conferred the strongest antimicrobial activity among the identified compounds. Moreover, the evaluation of its antibiofilm activity by biomass assays through crystal violet staining revealed almost 30% inhibition of biofilm formation in the case of A. baumannii ATCC 17878 strain. Furthermore, the quantification of carbohydrates and proteins present in the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) revealed the ability of cnicin to significantly perturb biofilm structure. Based on these promising results, further investigations might open interesting perspectives to its applicability in biomedical field to counteract multidrug resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurooq Ismail
- University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Marco Masi
- University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Gaglione
- University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Arciello
- University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Rome, Italy
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Gou J, Lu Y, Xie M, Tang X, Chen L, Zhao J, Li G, Wang H. Antimicrobial activity in Asterceae: The selected genera characterization and against multidrug resistance bacteria. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14985. [PMID: 37151707 PMCID: PMC10161380 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants from the Asteraceae family are widely used as ethno medicines to treatment parasitic, malaria, hematemesis, pruritus, pyretic, anthelmintic, wound healing. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of Asteraceae plants antimicrobial activity. The most relevant results from the published studies are summarized and discussed. The species in genus of Artemisia, Echinacea, Centaurea, Baccharis, and Calendula showed antimicrobial activity. Most of these species are usually used as ethno medicines to treat infection, inflammation, and parasitics. The effective part or component for antimicrobial was essential oil and crude extract, and essential oil attracted more attention. It was also reported that nanoparticles coated with crude extract were effective against multidrug resistant bacteria. For multidrug resistant bacteria study, the species in Armtemisia were the most investigated, and Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were the most studied multidrug resistant strains. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated mainly based on the results of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Few reports have been reported on minimum bactericide concentration (MBC) and its antibacterial mechanisms. According to the reported study results, some plants in Asteraceae have the potential to be developed as bacteriostatic agents and against multidrug resistant bacteria. However, most studies are still in vitro, further clinical and applied studies are needed.
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Kısa D, Imamoglu R, Genc N, Taslimi P, Kaya Z, Taskin‐Tok T. HPLC analysis, Phytochemical Content, and Biological Effects of
Centaurea kilae
Against Some Metabolic Enzymes: In Vitro and In Silico Studies. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dursun Kısa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science Bartin University 74100 Bartin Turkey
| | - Rizvan Imamoglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science Bartin University 74100 Bartin Turkey
| | - Nusret Genc
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts Gaziosmanpasa University Tokat Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science Bartin University 74100 Bartin Turkey
| | - Zafer Kaya
- Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Forestry Bartin University Turkey
| | - Tugba Taskin‐Tok
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Gaziantep University 27310 – Gaziantep Turkey
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Institute of Health Sciences Gaziantep University 27310 – Gaziantep Turkey
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Miletić M, Ivanov M, Novaković J, Janaćković P. Antimicrobial activity of ethyl acetate extract of an endemic Centaurea glaberrima Tausch (Asteraceae). MAKEDONSKO FARMACEVTSKI BILTEN 2022. [DOI: 10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2022.68.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Milica Miletić
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Biology, Department of Morphology and Systematics of Plants, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Ivanov
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelica Novaković
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Biology, Department of Morphology and Systematics of Plants, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Pedja Janaćković
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Biology, Department of Morphology and Systematics of Plants, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Antioxidant, Anti-Proliferative Activity and Chemical Fingerprinting of Centaurea calcitrapa against Breast Cancer Cells and Molecular Docking of Caspase-3. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081514. [PMID: 36009233 PMCID: PMC9405406 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Centaurea calcitrapa has been intensively utilized in ethnomedicinal practices as a natural therapeutic recipe to cure various ailments. The current study aimed to chemically characterize ethanolic extract of C. calcitrapa (EECC) aerial parts (leaves and shoots) by use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses (GC-MS) and investigate its antioxidant and in vitro anticancer activities, elucidating the underlying molecular mechanism by use of flow cytometry-based fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and conducting in silico assessment of binding inhibitory activities of EECC major compounds docked to caspase-3. CG-MS profiling of EECC identified a total of 26 major flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds. DPPH and ABTS assays revealed that EECC exhibits potent antioxidant activity comparable to standard reducing agents. Results of the proliferation assay revealed that EECC exhibit potent, dose-dependent cytotoxic activities against triple-positive (MCF-7) and triple-negative (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cell models, with IC50 values of 1.3 × 102 and 8.7 × 101 µg/mL, respectively. The observed cytotoxic effect was specific to studied cancer cells since EECC exhibited minimal (~<10%) cytotoxicity against MCF-12, a normal breast cell line. FACS analysis employing annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide double labeling demonstrated that the observed anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 was mediated via apoptotic as well as necrotic signaling transduction processes. The increase in fluorescence intensity associated with DCFH oxidation to DCF, as reported by FACS, indicated that apoptosis is caused by generation of ROS. The use of caspase-3-specific fluorogenic substrate revealed a dose-dependent elevation in caspase-3 substrate-cleavage activity, which further supports EECC-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. The major EECC compounds were examined for their inhibitory activity against caspase-3 receptor (1HD2) using molecular docking. Three compounds exhibited the highest glide score energy of −5.156, −4.691 and −4.551 kcal/mol, respectively. Phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy established strong binding in caspase-3 receptor of hydrogenic type, with residue ARG 207 and of PI-PI stacking type with residue HIS 121. By contract, hexadecenoic acid showed 3 H-bond with the following residues: ASN 615, ASN 616a and THR 646. Taken together, the current findings reveal that EECC exhibits significant and specific cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells mediated by the generation of ROS and culminating into necrosis and apoptosis. Further investigations of the phytoconstituents-rich C. calcitrapa are therefore warranted against breast as well as other human cancer cell models.
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In Silico Investigation of Some Compounds from the N-Butanol Extract of Centaurea tougourensis Boiss. & Reut. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12030355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Bioinformatics as a newly emerging discipline is considered nowadays a reference to characterize the physicochemical and pharmacological properties of the actual biocompounds contained in plants, which has helped the pharmaceutical industry a lot in the drug development process. In this study, a bioinformatics approach known as in silico was performed to predict, for the first time, the physicochemical properties, ADMET profile, pharmacological capacities, cytotoxicity, and nervous system macromolecular targets, as well as the gene expression profiles, of four compounds recently identified from Centaurea tougourensis via the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) approach. Thus, four compounds were tested from the n-butanol (n-BuOH) extract of this plant, named, respectively, Acridin-9-amine, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5,7-dimethyl- (compound 1), 3-[2,3-Dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl]-5-methoxy-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one (compound 2), 9,9-Dimethoxybicyclo[3.3.1]nona-2,4-dione (compound 3), and 3-[3-Bromophenyl]-7-chloro-3,4-dihydro-10-hydroxy-1,9(2H,10H)-acridinedione (compound 4). The insilico investigation revealed that the four tested compounds could be a good candidate to regulate the expression of key genes and may also exert significant cytotoxic effects against several tumor celllines. In addition, these compounds could also be effective in the treatment of some diseases related to diabetes, skin pathologies, cardiovascular, and central nervous system disorders. The bioactive compounds of plant remain the best alternative in the context of the drug discovery and development process.
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Ramakrishna Pillai J, Wali AF, Menezes GA, Rehman MU, Wani TA, Arafah A, Zargar S, Mir TM. Chemical Composition Analysis, Cytotoxic, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Physalis angulata L.: A Comparative Study of Leaves and Fruit. Molecules 2022; 27:1480. [PMID: 35268579 PMCID: PMC8911865 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Physalis angulata L. belongs to the family Solanaceae and is distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions. Physalis angulata leaf and fruit extracts were assessed for in vitro anticancer, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic and flavonoid content. The GC-MS technique investigated the chemical composition and structure of bioactive chemicals reported in extracts. The anticancer activity results revealed a decrease in the percentage of anticancer cells' viability in a concentration- and time-dependent way. We also noticed morphological alterations in the cells, which we believe are related to Physalis angulata extracts. Under light microscopy, we observed that as the concentration of ethanolic extract (fruit and leaves) treated HeLa cells increased, the number of cells began to decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayachithra Ramakrishna Pillai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, RAK College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Adil Farooq Wali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, RAK College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Godfred Antony Menezes
- Department of Microbiology, RAKCOMS, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Muneeb U. Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.U.R.); (A.A.)
| | - Tanveer A. Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Azher Arafah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.U.R.); (A.A.)
| | - Seema Zargar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Tahir Maqbool Mir
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Mississippi, MS 38677, USA;
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Atia MAM, El-Moneim DA, Abdelmoneim TK, Reda EH, Shakour ZTA, El-Halawany AM, El-Kashoury ESA, Shams KA, Abdel-Azim NS, Hegazy MEF. Evaluation of genetic variability and relatedness among eight Centaurea species through CAAT-box derived polymorphism (CBDP) and start codon targeted polymorphism (SCoT) markers. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.1960891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Atia Mohamed Atia
- Genome Mapping Department, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Diaa Abd El-Moneim
- Department of Plant Production (Genetic Branch), Faculty of Environmental and Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, Arish, Egypt
| | - Taghreed Khaled Abdelmoneim
- Genome Mapping Department, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman Hussein Reda
- Phytochemistry Laboratory, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Khaled Ahmed Shams
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed-Elamir Fathy Hegazy
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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A Review on Antidiabetic Activity of Centaurea spp.: A New Approach for Developing Herbal Remedies. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5587938. [PMID: 34285703 PMCID: PMC8275385 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5587938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-life metabolic disorder, characterized by high blood glucose levels. The hyperglycemic condition generally leads to irreversible nerve injury and vascular damage. Among different types of diabetes, type 2 is more common and has spread all over the world. Although various therapeutic approaches have been developed to control type 2 DM, regulating blood glucose levels has still remained a controversial challenge for patients. Also, most prescription drugs cause different side effects, such as gastrointestinal disorders. Thus, developing novel and efficient antidiabetic agents possessing fewer adverse effects is in high demand. Method The literature was comprehensively surveyed via search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus using appropriate keywords. Results Medicinal plants, both extracts and isolated active components, have played a significant role in controlling the blood glucose levels. Good-to-excellent results documented in the literature have made them a precious origin for developing and designing drugs and supplements against DM. Centaurea spp. have been traditionally used for controlling high blood glucose levels. Also, the antidiabetic properties of different species of Centaurea have been confirmed in recent studies through in vitro assays as well as in vivo experiments. Conclusion Potent results encouraged us to review their efficacy to open a new horizon for development of herbal antidiabetic agents.
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Dependence of the Concentration of Bioactive Compounds in Origanum vulgare on Chemical Properties of the Soil. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10040750. [PMID: 33921400 PMCID: PMC8069468 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the dependence of the total phenolic, flavonoid, and extractive content in extracts of Origanum vulgare L. on the soil pH, humus, total nitrogen (Ntotal), and plant-available/mobile phosphorus (P2O5), as well as potassium (K2O), total calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sodium (Na) concentrations. Experimental fields were formed in four locations in Lithuania. Soil and perennial O. vulgare samples were taken at three sites of each experimental field. A total of 12 samples of soil and 12 samples of the tested plant were collected and analyzed. The concentrations of bioactive compounds in plants are significantly (p < 0.05–0.01) affected by some chemical properties of the soil: the total phenolic content was reliably correlated with the soil pH, Ntotal, Ca, Mg, and P2O5; the flavonoid content was correlated with the soil P2O5, K2O, Mg, and Na; and the extractive content was correlated with the soil humus, Ntotal, and Na. The obtained results are useful for the development of the commercial cultivation of O. vulgare.
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