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Lauterboeck L, Kang SW, White D, Bao R, Mobasheran P, Yang Q. IF1 Promotes Cellular Proliferation and Inhibits Oxidative Phosphorylation in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts under Normoxia and Hypoxia. Cells 2024; 13:551. [PMID: 38534395 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
ATP synthase inhibitory factor subunit 1 (IF1) is an inhibitory subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase, playing a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial respiration and energetics. It is well-established that IF1 interacts with the F1 sector of ATP synthase to inhibit the reversal rotation and, thus, ATP hydrolysis. Recent evidence supports that IF1 also inhibits forward rotation or the ATP synthesis activity. Adding to the complexity, IF1 may also facilitate mitophagy and cristae formation. The implications of these complex actions of IF1 for cellular function remain obscure. In the present study, we found that IF1 expression was markedly upregulated in hypoxic MEFs relative to normoxic MEFs. We investigate how IF1 affects cellular growth and function in cultured mouse embryonic fibroblasts derived from mouse lines with systemic IF1 overexpression and knockout under normoxia and hypoxia. Cell survival and proliferation analyses revealed that IF1 overexpression exerted limited effects on cellular viability but substantially increased proliferation under normoxia, whereas it facilitated both cellular viability and proliferation under hypoxia. The absence of IF1 may have a pro-survival effect but not a proliferative one in both normoxia and hypoxia. Cellular bioenergetic analyses revealed that IF1 suppressed cellular respiration when subjected to normoxia and was even more pronounced when subjected to hypoxia with increased mitochondrial ATP production. In contrast, IF1 knockout MEFs showed markedly increased cellular respiration under both normoxia and hypoxia with little change in mitochondrial ATP. Glycolytic stress assay revealed that IF1 overexpression modestly increased glycolysis in normoxia and hypoxia. Interestingly, the absence of IF1 in MEFs led to substantial increases in glycolysis. Therefore, we conclude that IF1 mainly inhibits cellular respiration and enhances cellular glycolysis to preserve mitochondrial ATP. On the other hand, IF1 deletion can significantly facilitate cellular respiration and glycolysis without leading to mitochondrial ATP deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lothar Lauterboeck
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Cell Biology, Life Science Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Frederick, MD 21704, USA
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Donnell White
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Graduate Studies, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Rong Bao
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Graduate Studies, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Parnia Mobasheran
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Graduate Studies, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Qinglin Yang
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Graduate Studies, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Chen Z, Chen J, Li Y, Wang B, Lu Y, Jian J, Tang J, Cai J. Functional properties of ATPIF1 in the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) in response to viral infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 145:109329. [PMID: 38154763 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
ATP synthase inhibitory factor 1 (ATPIF1) can activate mitochondrial autophagic pathway and mediates immune response by regulating ATP synthase activity. However, the role of fish ATPIF1 on viral infection is still unknown. In this study, we identified an ATPIF1 homolog (Ec-ATPIF1) from orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Ec-ATPIF1 is mainly expressed in the kidney and liver. The expression of Ec-ATPIF1 was significantly up-regulated after RGNNV stimulation in vitro. Further experiments showed that overexpression of Ec-ATPIF1 inhibited the expression of viral genes (CP and RdRp) and intracellular ATP synthesis. Ec-ATPIF1 overexpression also promoted the expression of mitophagy related genes (PINK1, Parkin, BNIP3, NIX, FUNDC1, LC3), inflammation-related factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, TLR2) and interferon pathway factors (IRF1, IRF3, IRF7, MX1, ISG15, ISG56, MDA5, TRIF). While the knockdown of Ec-ATPIF1 exhibited the opposite effects on the expression of viral genes and immune-related factors above. These data suggest that Ec-ATPIF1 can impact viral infection by regulating mitophagy, ATP synthesis, the expression of inflammatory factors and interferon pathway factors. These findings will be beneficial to better explore the immune regulatory mechanisms of fish respond to viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofeng Chen
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Junxi Chen
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Jichang Jian
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Jufen Tang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Jia Cai
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, PR China.
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Zhong G, Guo Y, Gong X, Xu M, Wang Q, Wu M, Zhang X, Liang Y, Zhao W, Wang H, Ye J. Enhanced glycolysis by ATPIF1 gene inactivation increased the anti-bacterial activities of neutrophils through induction of ROS and lactic acid. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166820. [PMID: 37558010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
ATP synthase inhibitory factor 1 (ATPIF1) is a mitochondrial protein that regulates the activity of FoF1-ATP synthase. Mice lacking ATPIF1 throughout their bodies (Atpif1-/-) exhibit a reduction in the number of neutrophils. However, it remains unclear whether the inactivation of ATPIF1 impairs the antibacterial function of mice, this study aimed to evaluate it using a mouse peritonitis model. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with E. coli to induce peritonitis, and after 24 h, the colonies of E. coli were counted in agarose plates containing mice peritoneal lavage fluids (PLF) or extract from the liver. Neutrophils were analyzed for glucose metabolism in glycolysis following LPS stimulation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lactic acid (LA) levels in neutrophils were measured using flow cytometry and Seahorse analysis, respectively. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) and 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) were employed to assess the role of ROS and LA in neutrophil bactericidal activity. RNA-seq analysis was conducted in neutrophils to investigate potential mechanisms. In ATPIF1-/- neutrophils, bactericidal activity was enhanced, accompanied by increased levels of ROS and LA compared to wildtype neutrophils. The augmented bactericidal activity of ATPIF1-/- neutrophils was reversed by pretreatment with NAC or 2-DG. RNA-seq analysis revealed downregulation of multiple genes involved in glutathione metabolism, pyruvate oxidation, and heme synthesis, along with increased expression of inflammatory and apoptotic genes. This study suggests that the inactivation of the Atpif1 gene enhances glucose metabolism in neutrophils, resulting in increased bactericidal activity mediated by elevated levels of ROS and LA. Inhibiting ATPIF1 may be a potential approach to enhance antibacterial immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genshen Zhong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China; Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Xue Gong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Meiqi Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Minna Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Metabolic Disease Research Center, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Yinming Liang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Weidong Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Jianping Ye
- Metabolic Disease Research Center, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Research Center for Basic Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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Zhong G, Wang Q, Wang Y, Guo Y, Xu M, Guan Y, Zhang X, Wu M, Xu Z, Zhao W, Lian H, Wang H, Ye J. scRNA-seq reveals ATPIF1 activity in control of T cell antitumor activity. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2114740. [PMID: 36016697 PMCID: PMC9397437 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2114740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Genshen Zhong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Meiqi Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yaya Guan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinxiang Medical University Affiliated Third Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Metabolic Disease Research Center, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Minna Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zhishan Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Weidong Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Hongkai Lian
- Metabolic Disease Research Center, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Jianping Ye
- Metabolic Disease Research Center, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Center for Advanced Medicine, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Qin L, Zhang H, Li B, Jiang Q, Lopez F, Min W, Zhou JH. CCM3 Loss-Induced Lymphatic Defect Is Mediated by the Augmented VEGFR3-ERK1/2 Signaling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2943-2960. [PMID: 34670407 PMCID: PMC8613000 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) can happen anywhere in the body, although they most commonly produce symptoms in the brain. The role of CCM genes in other vascular beds outside the brain and retina is not well-examined, although the 3 CCM-associated genes (CCM1, CCM2, and CCM3) are ubiquitously expressed in all tissues. We aimed to determine the role of CCM gene in lymphatics. Approach and Results: Mice with an inducible pan-endothelial cell (EC) or lymphatic EC deletion of Ccm3 (Pdcd10ECKO or Pdcd10LECKO) exhibit dilated lymphatic capillaries and collecting vessels with abnormal valve structure. Morphological alterations were correlated with lymphatic dysfunction in Pdcd10LECKO mice as determined by Evans blue dye and fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)-dextran transport assays. Pdcd10LECKO lymphatics had increased VEGFR3 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3)-ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2) signaling with lymphatic hyperplasia. Mechanistic studies suggested that VEGFR3 is primarily regulated at a transcriptional level in Ccm3-deficient lymphatic ECs, in an NF-κB (nuclear factor κB)-dependent manner. CCM3 binds to importin alpha 2/KPNA2 (karyopherin subunit alpha 2), and a CCM3 deletion releases KPNA2 to activate NF-κB P65 by facilitating its nuclear translocation and P65-dependent VEGFR3 transcription. Moreover, increased VEGFR3 in lymphatic EC preferentially activates ERK1/2 signaling, which is critical for lymphatic EC proliferation. Importantly, inhibition of VEGFR3 or ERK1/2 rescued the lymphatic defects in structure and function. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that CCM3 deletion augments the VEGFR3-ERK1/2 signaling in lymphatic EC that drives lymphatic hyperplasia and malformation and warrant further investigation on the potential clinical relevance of lymphatic dysfunction in patients with CCM.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/genetics
- Cells, Cultured
- Endothelial Cells/physiology
- Endothelium, Lymphatic/pathology
- Endothelium, Lymphatic/physiopathology
- Female
- Gene Deletion
- Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System/pathology
- Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System/physiopathology
- Hyperplasia
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/physiology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Models, Animal
- NF-kappa B/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Qin
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Busu Li
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Quan Jiang
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Francesc Lopez
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Cancer Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Wang Min
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jenny Huanjiao Zhou
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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