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Galera MR, Svalgaard J, Woetmann A. Therapeutic potential of adipose derived stromal cells for major skin inflammatory diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1298229. [PMID: 38463491 PMCID: PMC10921940 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1298229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory skin diseases like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are chronic inflammatory skin conditions continuously under investigation due to increased prevalence and lack of cure. Moreover, long-term treatments available are often associated with adverse effects and drug resistance. Consequently, there is a clear unmet need for new therapeutic approaches. One promising and cutting-edge treatment option is the use of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AD-MSCs) due to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, this mini review aims to highlight why adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells are a potential new treatment for these diseases by summarizing the pre-clinical and clinical studies investigated up to date and addressing current limitations and unresolved clinical questions from a dermatological and immunomodulatory point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ramírez Galera
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Anders Woetmann
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Mahmoud M, Abdel-Rasheed M, Galal ER, El-Awady RR. Factors Defining Human Adipose Stem/Stromal Cell Immunomodulation in Vitro. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:175-205. [PMID: 37962697 PMCID: PMC10799834 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10654-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Human adipose tissue-derived stem/stromal cells (hASCs) are adult multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells with immunomodulatory capacities. Here, we present up-to-date knowledge on the impact of different experimental and donor-related factors on hASC immunoregulatory functions in vitro. The experimental determinants include the immunological status of hASCs relative to target immune cells, contact vs. contactless interaction, and oxygen tension. Factors such as the ratio of hASCs to immune cells, the cellular context, the immune cell activation status, and coculture duration are also discussed. Conditioning of hASCs with different approaches before interaction with immune cells, hASC culture in xenogenic or xenofree culture medium, hASC culture in two-dimension vs. three-dimension with biomaterials, and the hASC passage number are among the experimental parameters that greatly may impact the hASC immunosuppressive potential in vitro, thus, they are also considered. Moreover, the influence of donor-related characteristics such as age, sex, and health status on hASC immunomodulation in vitro is reviewed. By analysis of the literature studies, most of the indicated determinants have been investigated in broad non-standardized ranges, so the results are not univocal. Clear conclusions cannot be drawn for the fine-tuned scenarios of many important factors to set a standard hASC immunopotency assay. Such variability needs to be carefully considered in further standardized research. Importantly, field experts' opinions may help to make it clearer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Mahmoud
- Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St, Ad Doqi, Dokki, 12622, Cairo Governorate, Egypt.
- Department of Medical Molecular Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mazen Abdel-Rasheed
- Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St, Ad Doqi, Dokki, 12622, Cairo Governorate, Egypt
- Department of Reproductive Health Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Reda Galal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab R El-Awady
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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3
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Mahmoud M, Abdel-Rasheed M. Influence of type 2 diabetes and obesity on adipose mesenchymal stem/stromal cell immunoregulation. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 394:33-53. [PMID: 37462786 PMCID: PMC10558386 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03801-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D), associated with obesity, represents a state of metabolic inflammation and oxidative stress leading to insulin resistance and progressive insulin deficiency. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are adult mesenchymal stem/stromal cells identified within the stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue. These cells can regulate the immune system and possess anti-inflammatory properties. ASCs are a potential therapeutic modality for inflammatory diseases including T2D. Patient-derived (autologous) rather than allogeneic ASCs may be a relatively safer approach in clinical perspectives, to avoid occasional anti-donor immune responses. However, patient characteristics such as body mass index (BMI), inflammatory status, and disease duration and severity may limit the therapeutic utility of ASCs. The current review presents human ASC (hASC) immunoregulatory mechanisms with special emphasis on those related to T lymphocytes, hASC implications in T2D treatment, and the impact of T2D and obesity on hASC immunoregulatory potential. hASCs can modulate the proliferation, activation, and functions of diverse innate and adaptive immune cells via direct cell-to-cell contact and secretion of paracrine mediators and extracellular vesicles. Preclinical studies recommend the therapeutic potential of hASCs to improve inflammation and metabolic indices in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced T2D disease model. Discordant data have been reported to unravel intact or detrimentally affected immunomodulatory functions of ASCs, isolated from patients with obesity and/or T2D patients, in vitro and in vivo. Numerous preconditioning strategies have been introduced to potentiate hASC immunomodulation; they are also discussed here as possible options to potentiate the immunoregulatory functions of hASCs isolated from patients with obesity and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Mahmoud
- Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St, Ad Doqi, Dokki, 12622, Cairo Governorate, Egypt.
- Department of Medical Molecular Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mazen Abdel-Rasheed
- Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St, Ad Doqi, Dokki, 12622, Cairo Governorate, Egypt
- Department of Reproductive Health Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Cumpata AJ, Peptanariu D, Lungoci AL, Labusca L, Pinteala M, Radulescu L. Towards Regenerative Audiology: Immune Modulation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Cells Preconditioned with Citric Acid-Coated Antioxidant-Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:587. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.3390/medicina59030587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Background: Based on stem cells, bioactive molecules and supportive structures, regenerative medicine (RM) is promising for its potential impact on field of hearing loss by offering innovative solutions for hair cell rescue. Nanotechnology has recently been regarded as a powerful tool for accelerating the efficiency of RM therapeutic solutions. Adipose-derived mesenchymal cells (ADSCs) have already been tested in clinical trials for their regenerative and immunomodulatory potential in various medical fields; however, the advancement to bedside treatment has proven to be tedious. Innovative solutions are expected to circumvent regulatory and manufacturing issues related to living cell-based therapies. The objectives of the study were to test if human primary ADSCs preconditioned with magnetic nanoparticles coated with citric acid and functionalized with antioxidant protocatechuic acid (MNP-CA-PCA) retain their phenotypic features and if conditioned media elicit immune responses in vitro. MNP-CA-PCA was synthesized and characterized regarding size, colloidal stability as well as antioxidant release profile. Human primary ADSCs preconditioned with MNP-CA-PCA were tested for viability, surface marker expression and mesenchymal lineage differentiation potential. Conditioned media (CM) from ADSCs treated with MNP-CA-PCA were tested for Il-6 and IL-8 cytokine release using ELISA and inhibition of lectin-stimulated peripheral blood monocyte proliferation. Results: MNP-CA-PCA-preconditioned ADSCs display good viability and retain their specific mesenchymal stem cell phenotype. CM from ADSCs conditioned with MNP-CA-PCA do not display increased inflammatory cytokine release and do not induce proliferation of allergen-stimulated allogeneic peripheral blood monocytes in vitro. Conclusions: While further in vitro and in vivo tests are needed to validate these findings, the present results indicated that CM from ADSCs preconditioned with MNP-CA-PCA could be developed as possible cell-free therapies for rescuing auditory hair cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Josephine Cumpata
- Doctoral School, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Dragos Peptanariu
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers ‘‘Petru Poni’’, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Aleea Grigore Ghica, Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ana-Lacramioara Lungoci
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers ‘‘Petru Poni’’, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Aleea Grigore Ghica, Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Luminita Labusca
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, Emergency Hospital Saint Spiridon, 1 St Independentei Boulevard, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- National Institute of Research and Development in Technical Physics Iasi Romania, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mariana Pinteala
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers ‘‘Petru Poni’’, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Aleea Grigore Ghica, Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Luminita Radulescu
- Doctoral School, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- ENT Clinic Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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5
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Cumpata AJ, Peptanariu D, Lungoci AL, Labusca L, Pinteala M, Radulescu L. Towards Regenerative Audiology: Immune Modulation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Cells Preconditioned with Citric Acid-Coated Antioxidant-Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59030587. [PMID: 36984588 PMCID: PMC10058393 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Background: Based on stem cells, bioactive molecules and supportive structures, regenerative medicine (RM) is promising for its potential impact on field of hearing loss by offering innovative solutions for hair cell rescue. Nanotechnology has recently been regarded as a powerful tool for accelerating the efficiency of RM therapeutic solutions. Adipose-derived mesenchymal cells (ADSCs) have already been tested in clinical trials for their regenerative and immunomodulatory potential in various medical fields; however, the advancement to bedside treatment has proven to be tedious. Innovative solutions are expected to circumvent regulatory and manufacturing issues related to living cell-based therapies. The objectives of the study were to test if human primary ADSCs preconditioned with magnetic nanoparticles coated with citric acid and functionalized with antioxidant protocatechuic acid (MNP-CA-PCA) retain their phenotypic features and if conditioned media elicit immune responses in vitro. MNP-CA-PCA was synthesized and characterized regarding size, colloidal stability as well as antioxidant release profile. Human primary ADSCs preconditioned with MNP-CA-PCA were tested for viability, surface marker expression and mesenchymal lineage differentiation potential. Conditioned media (CM) from ADSCs treated with MNP-CA-PCA were tested for Il-6 and IL-8 cytokine release using ELISA and inhibition of lectin-stimulated peripheral blood monocyte proliferation. Results: MNP-CA-PCA-preconditioned ADSCs display good viability and retain their specific mesenchymal stem cell phenotype. CM from ADSCs conditioned with MNP-CA-PCA do not display increased inflammatory cytokine release and do not induce proliferation of allergen-stimulated allogeneic peripheral blood monocytes in vitro. Conclusions: While further in vitro and in vivo tests are needed to validate these findings, the present results indicated that CM from ADSCs preconditioned with MNP-CA-PCA could be developed as possible cell-free therapies for rescuing auditory hair cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Josephine Cumpata
- Doctoral School, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.J.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Dragos Peptanariu
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers ‘‘Petru Poni’’, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Aleea Grigore Ghica, Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (D.P.)
| | - Ana-Lacramioara Lungoci
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers ‘‘Petru Poni’’, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Aleea Grigore Ghica, Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (D.P.)
| | - Luminita Labusca
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, Emergency Hospital Saint Spiridon, 1 St Independentei Boulevard, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- National Institute of Research and Development in Technical Physics Iasi Romania, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Mariana Pinteala
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers ‘‘Petru Poni’’, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Aleea Grigore Ghica, Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (D.P.)
| | - Luminita Radulescu
- Doctoral School, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.J.C.); (L.R.)
- ENT Clinic Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Al-Mohaissen M, Alkhedeiri A, Al-Madani O, Lee T, Hamdoun A, Al-Harbi M. Association of mammographic density and benign breast calcifications individually or combined with hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia in women ≥40 years of age: a retrospective study. J Investig Med 2022; 70:1308-1315. [PMID: 35190487 PMCID: PMC9240332 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence has linked certain mammographic characteristics, including breast calcifications (Bcs) and mammographic density (MD), with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors in women, but data are limited and inconsistent. We aimed to evaluate the association of MD and/or Bcs with hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia in women ≥40 years of age. Through hospital electronic records, we retrospectively identified mammograms of non-pregnant women aged ≥40 years and without breast cancer and retrieved reports and relevant data. MD and Bcs were recorded; risk factor status was diagnosed based on treatment profile and clinical and laboratory data. In total, 1406 women were included. MD was inversely related to hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, triglyceride levels, age, and body mass index (BMI) (p value for trend <0.001). Bcs were positively associated with hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, age, BMI, and elevated creatinine (p<0.05). Controlling for age and BMI, MD category A (MD-A) was independently associated with hypercholesterolemia; Bcs were independently associated with diabetes. Combining MD-A with Bcs did not increase the odds significantly. Analysis for additive interactions revealed a significant interaction between MD-A and BMI, increasing the odds of hypertension, and a trend for increased odds of diabetes by adding MD-A and/or Bcs to BMI. Decreased MD and presence of Bcs are associated with hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia in women ≥40 years of age. MD-A may represent a new obesity index independently associated with hypercholesterolemia and additive to hypertension risk. Bcs are independently associated with diabetes. Combining MD and Bcs did not improve the odds significantly, which may reflect mechanistic differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Al-Mohaissen
- Department of Clinical Sciences (Cardiology), College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Alkhedeiri
- Department of Radiology, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohoud Al-Madani
- Department of Research Informatics, Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Terry Lee
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anas Hamdoun
- Department of Radiology, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Al-Harbi
- Department of Radiology, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abu-Shahba N, Mahmoud M, El-Erian AM, Husseiny MI, Nour-Eldeen G, Helwa I, Amr K, ElHefnawi M, Othman AI, Ibrahim SA, Azmy O. Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on the immunoregulatory characteristics of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 140:106072. [PMID: 34455058 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with several complications. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) represent an emerging type of MSCs with high plasticity and immunoregulatory capabilities and are useful for treating inflammation-related disorders such as T2DM. However, the pathogenic microenvironment of T2DM may affect their therapeutic potential. We aimed to examine the impact of the diabetic milieu on the immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory potential of AT-MSCs. METHODS We assessed the proliferation potential, cell surface expression of MSC-characteristic markers and immunomodulatory markers, along with the gene expression and protein secretion of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines in AT-MSCs derived from T2DM patients (dAT-MSCs) vs. those derived from non-diabetic volunteers (ndAT-MSCs). Furthermore, we evaluated the IFN-γ priming effect on both groups. RESULTS Our data revealed comparable proliferative activities in both groups. Flow cytometric analysis results showed a lower expression of CD200 and CD276 on dAT-MSCs vs. ndAT-MSCs. qPCR demonstrated upregulation of IL-1β associated with a downregulation of IL-1RN in dAT-MSCs vs. ndAT-MSCs. IFN-γ priming induced an elevation in CD274 expression associated with IDO1 and ILRN overexpression and IL-1β downregulation in both groups. ELISA analysis uncovered elevated levels of secreted IL-1β, TNF, and visfatin/NAMPT in dAT-MSCs, whereas IL-1RA and IDO levels were reduced. ELISA results were also evident in the secretome of dAT-MSCs upon IFN-γ priming. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the T2DM milieu alters the immunomodulatory characteristics of AT-MSCs with a shift towards a proinflammatory phenotype which may restrain their autologous therapeutic use. Furthermore, our findings indicate that IFN-γ priming could be a useful strategy for enhancing dAT-MSC anti-inflammatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Abu-Shahba
- Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Medical Molecular Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Marwa Mahmoud
- Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Medical Molecular Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa Mohammed El-Erian
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim Husseiny
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs DMRI, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, National Medical Center, Durate, CA, USA; Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ghada Nour-Eldeen
- Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Molecular Genetics and Enzymology, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iman Helwa
- Department of Immunogenetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Resrearch Centre, Egypt
| | - Khalda Amr
- Department of Medical Molecular Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud ElHefnawi
- Biomedical Informatics and Chemoinformatics Group, Informatics and Systems Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amel Ibrahim Othman
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Osama Azmy
- Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Reproductive Health Research, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt; Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
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Gkantsinikoudis N, Kapetanakis S, Magras I, Tsiridis E, Kritis A. Tissue-Engineering of Human Intervertebral Disc: A Concise Review. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:848-860. [PMID: 34409867 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) represents a structure of crucial structural and functional importance for human spine. Pathology of IVD institutes a frequently encountered condition in current clinical practice. Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD), the principal clinical representative of IVD pathology, constitutes an increasingly diagnosed spinal disorder associated with substantial morbidity and mortality in recent years. Despite the considerable incidence and socioeconomic burden of DDD, existing treatment modalities including conservative and surgical methods have been demonstrated to provide a limited therapeutic effect, being not capable of interrupting or reversing natural progress of underlying disease. These limitations underline the requirement for development of novel, innovative and more effective therapeutic strategies for DDD management. Within this literature framework, compromised IVD replacement with a viable IVD construct manufactured with Tissue-Engineering (TE) methods has been recommended as a promising therapeutic strategy for DDD. Existing preliminary preclinical data demonstrate that proper combination of cells from various sources, different scaffold materials and appropriate signaling molecules renders manufacturing of whole-IVD tissue-engineered constructs a technically feasible process. Aim of this narrative review is to critically summarize current published evidence regarding particular aspects of IVD-TE, primarily emphasizing in providing researchers in this field with practicable knowledge in order to enhance clinical translatability of their research and informing clinical practitioners about the features and capabilities of innovative TE science in the field of IVD-TE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Gkantsinikoudis
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th.), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Thessaloniki, Greece.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), cGMP Regenerative Medicine Facility, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Stylianos Kapetanakis
- Interbalkan European Medical Center, Spine Department and Deformities, Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Magras
- AHEPA University General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Neurosurgery, Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Eleftherios Tsiridis
- Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University Medical School, Academic Orthopaedic Department, Thessaloniki Ring Road, Nea Efkarpia, Greece.,Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Balkan Center, Buildings A & B, Center of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine (C.O.RE.), Center of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (C.I.R.I.), Thessaloniki, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd, Greece;
| | - Aristeidis Kritis
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th.), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Thessaloniki, Greece.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), cGMP Regenerative Medicine Facility, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Thessaloniki, Greece;
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