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Kajihara T, Yahara K, Kamigaki T, Hirabayashi A, Hosaka Y, Kitamura N, Shimbashi R, Suzuki M, Sugai M, Shibayama K. Effects of coronavirus disease 2019 on the spread of respiratory-transmitted human-to-human bacteria. J Infect 2024; 89:106201. [PMID: 38897241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated significant changes in medical systems, social behaviours, and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). We aimed to determine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on changes in the epidemiology of respiratory-transmitted bacteria that have been unexplored. METHODS We utilised a comprehensive national surveillance database from 2018 to 2021 to compare monthly number of patients with four respiratory-transmitted human-to-human bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pyogenes) before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, stratified by specimen sources and age groups. RESULTS The incidence of detected patients with S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and S. pyogenes from both respiratory and blood cultures significantly decreased from 2019 to 2020. In 2021, the incidence of detected patients with the respiratory-transmitted bacterial species, except for S. pyogenes, from respiratory cultures, increased again from April to July, primarily affecting the 0-4-year age group. CONCLUSIONS Our comprehensive national surveillance data analysis demonstrates the dynamic changes and effects of NPIs on respiratory-transmitted bacteria during the COVID-19 pandemic, with variations observed among species, specimen sources, and age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Kajihara
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan; Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Koji Yahara
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taro Kamigaki
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aki Hirabayashi
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumiko Hosaka
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norikazu Kitamura
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Shimbashi
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoi Suzuki
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Sugai
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keigo Shibayama
- Department of Bacteriology/Drug Resistance and Pathogenesis, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Arbaein TJ, Alharbi KK, Alfahmi AA, Alharthi KO, Monshi SS, Alzahrani AM, Alkabi S. Makkah healthcare cluster response, challenges, and interventions during COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study. J Infect Public Health 2024; 17:975-985. [PMID: 38631067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global COVID-19 crisis has underscored the critical role of effective decision-making in healthcare systems. Saudi Arabia has shown resilience by implementing comprehensive testing, tracing, and vaccination measures. Given the unique cultural and religious characteristics of Makkah, specific challenges have prompted efforts to uncover local pandemic responses. This qualitative assessment aims to delineate the challenges faced by decision-makers during COVID-19 in Makkah and identify key interventions implemented by the Makkah healthcare cluster to manage and coordinate care. METHOD Utilizing a purposive sampling approach, executive leaders within the Makkah Healthcare Cluster were invited for semi-structured interviews during the COVID-19 period. Thematic analysis was carried out in five steps, ensuring rigor and trustworthiness through multiple checks, and employing a critical and collaborative approach. RESULT Throughout the COVID-19 outbreak in Makkah, participants revealed Several factors that have hindered healthcare organizations' ability to effectively manage the pandemic, including testing difficulties, resource shortages, vaccination misconceptions, continuity of care issues, infections among healthcare workers, and the need for consistent protocols. The participant leaders in Makkah's healthcare cluster specified implemented strategies that helped in overcoming the encountered challenges, such as adopting new technologies, enhancing communication, managing supply and demand, and improving workforce adaptability and development. Their experience in managing Hajj and Umrah provided valuable insights for handling the pandemic effectively. CONCLUSION The study emphasizes the significance of technology adoption, effective communication, supply management, workforce development, and lessons from managing religious events. Its findings have implications for healthcare systems globally, emphasizing the importance of preparedness, response, and resilience in diverse cultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turky J Arbaein
- Department of Health Administration and Hospital, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khulud K Alharbi
- Department of Health Administration and Hospital, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afrah A Alfahmi
- Department of Health Administration and Hospital, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khawlah O Alharthi
- Department of Health Administration and Hospital, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah S Monshi
- Department of Health Administration and Hospital, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M Alzahrani
- Department of Health Administration and Hospital, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanaa Alkabi
- Department of Health Administration and Hospital, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Buchanan MO, Sickbert-Bennett EE, Selimos A, Dean SM, Willis B, Boone WP, Mitchell AM, DiBiase LM, Shaheen NJ, Weber DJ. Strategies to maintain an N95 respirator supply during a pandemic supply-chain shortage. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2024; 45:688-689. [PMID: 38087655 DOI: 10.1017/ice.2023.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark O Buchanan
- Department of Infection Prevention, University of North Carolina (UNC) Medical Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Emily E Sickbert-Bennett
- Department of Infection Prevention, University of North Carolina (UNC) Medical Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Division of Infectious Diseases, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Amy Selimos
- Department of Infection Prevention, University of North Carolina (UNC) Medical Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Stephen M Dean
- Department of Operational Efficiency, UNC Health Shared Services, Morrisville, North Carolina
| | - Beth Willis
- Department of Operational Efficiency, UNC Health Shared Services, Morrisville, North Carolina
| | - William P Boone
- Department of Environmental Health and Safety, UNC Medical Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ashley M Mitchell
- Supply Chain, UNC Health Shared Services Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lauren M DiBiase
- Department of Infection Prevention, University of North Carolina (UNC) Medical Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Division of Infectious Diseases, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Nicholas J Shaheen
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - David J Weber
- Department of Infection Prevention, University of North Carolina (UNC) Medical Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Division of Infectious Diseases, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Püschel VADA, Fhon JRS, Nogueira LDS, Poveda VDB, Oliveira LBD, Salvetti MDG, Lemos CDS, Bruna CQDM, Lima FR, Silva ABPD, Carbogim FDC. Factors associated with infection and hospitalization due to COVID-19 in Nursing professionals: a cross-sectional study. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2022. [PMID: 35584412 PMCID: PMC9109466 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.5593.3524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Objective: to identify factors associated with infection and hospitalization due to COVID-19 in nursing professionals. Method: a cross-sectional study carried out with 415 nursing professionals in a hospital specialized in cardiology. The sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, working conditions and issues related to illness due to COVID-19 were evaluated. Chi-Square, Fisher’s, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney and Brunner Munzel tests were used in data analysis, as well as Odds Ratio for hospitalization, in addition to binary logistic regression. Results: the rate of nursing professionals affected by COVID-19 was 44.3% and the factors associated with infection were the number of people living in the same household infected by COVID-19 (OR 36.18; p<0.001) and use of public transportation (OR 2.70; p=0.044). Having severe symptoms (OR 29.75), belonging to the risk group (OR 3.00), having tachypnea (OR 6.48), shortness of breath (OR 5.83), tiredness (OR 4.64), fever (OR 4.41) and/or myalgia (OR 3.00) increased the chances of hospitalization in professionals with COVID-19. Conclusion: living in the same household as other people with the disease and using public transportation increased the risk of infection by the new coronavirus. The factors associated with the hospitalization of contaminated professionals were presence of risk factors for the disease, severity and type of the symptoms presented.
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Püschel VADA, Fhon JRS, Nogueira LDS, Poveda VDB, Oliveira LBD, Salvetti MDG, Lemos CDS, Bruna CQDM, Lima FR, Silva ABPD, Carbogim FDC. Factores asociados al contagio y la hospitalización por COVID-19 en profesionales de enfermería: estudio transversal. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.5593.3570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumen Objetivo: identificar los factores asociados al contagio y la hospitalización por COVID-19 en los profesionales de enfermería. Método: estudio transversal, realizado en un hospital especializado en cardiología, con 415 profesionales de enfermería. Se evaluaron las variables sociodemográficas, comorbilidades, condiciones de trabajo y preguntas relacionadas con la enfermedad por COVID-19. En el análisis de los datos, se utilizaron las pruebas de Chi-Cuadrado, Fisher, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney y Brunner Munzel, la razón de chance para la hospitalización, además de la regresión logística binaria. Resultados: la tasa de profesionales de enfermería afectados por el COVID-19 fue del 44,3% y los factores asociados al contagio fueron el número de personas en una misma vivienda con COVID-19 (OR 36,18; p<0,001) y el uso de transporte público (OR 2,70; p=0,044). Presentar síntomas graves (OR 29,75), pertenecer al grupo de riesgo (OR 3,00), tener taquipnea (OR 6,48), dificultad para respirar (OR 5,83), cansancio (OR 4,64), fiebre (OR 4,41) y/o mialgia (OR 3,00) aumentó las chances de hospitalización de los profesionales con COVID-19. Conclusión: vivir en el mismo domicilio que otras personas que tienen la enfermedad y utilizar el transporte público aumentó el riesgo de contagio por el nuevo coronavirus. Los factores asociados a la hospitalización de los profesionales contagiados fueron la presencia de factores de riesgo para enfermarse, la gravedad y el tipo de síntomas presentados.
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Püschel VADA, Fhon JRS, Nogueira LDS, Poveda VDB, de Oliveira LB, Salvetti MDG, Lemos CDS, Bruna CQDM, Lima FR, da Silva ABP, Carbogim FDC. Factors associated with infection and hospitalization due to COVID-19 in Nursing professionals: a cross-sectional study. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2022; 30:e3571. [PMID: 35584412 PMCID: PMC9109466 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.5593.3571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to identify factors associated with infection and hospitalization due to COVID-19 in nursing professionals. METHOD a cross-sectional study carried out with 415 nursing professionals in a hospital specialized in cardiology. The sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, working conditions and issues related to illness due to COVID-19 were evaluated. Chi-Square, Fisher's, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney and Brunner Munzel tests were used in data analysis, as well as Odds Ratio for hospitalization, in addition to binary logistic regression. RESULTS the rate of nursing professionals affected by COVID-19 was 44.3% and the factors associated with infection were the number of people living in the same household infected by COVID-19 (OR 36.18; p<0.001) and use of public transportation (OR 2.70; p=0.044). Having severe symptoms (OR 29.75), belonging to the risk group (OR 3.00), having tachypnea (OR 6.48), shortness of breath (OR 5.83), tiredness (OR 4.64), fever (OR 4.41) and/or myalgia (OR 3.00) increased the chances of hospitalization in professionals with COVID-19. CONCLUSION living in the same household as other people with the disease and using public transportation increased the risk of infection by the new coronavirus. The factors associated with the hospitalization of contaminated professionals were presence of risk factors for the disease, severity and type of the symptoms presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Camila Quartim de Moraes Bruna
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Bolsista da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brasil
| | - Fernanda Rodrigues Lima
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Instituto do Coração, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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